. . . . . . . . . "A dual carriagway in a trench with concrete retaining walls on each side."@en . . . "center"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Elevated junction of the West Cross Route and Westway shortly after opening. The West Cross Route would have continued under the roundabout with the stubs linking to the northern slip roads."@en . . . . . "Southwyck House, Brixton - geograph.org.uk - 220874.jpg"@en . . . "left"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "6488697"^^ . "The West Cross Route near White City"@en . . . . . . "A long dark building with small windows and upper floors slightly overhanging lower ones. Two pale bands at the overhangs step up and down along the face of the building."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "52615"^^ . "Westway & West Cross Route junction.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . . "528"^^ . . "A dual carriageway crossed by a railway bridge in the foreground. Two high-rise blocks stand in the distance."@en . . . . . . . . . . "The East Cross Route at Hackney Wick. The central slip road is the only part of the North Cross Route to be constructed and would have carried the merging eastbound carriageway of that road."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "right"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "The London Ringways were a series of four ring roads planned in the 1960s to circle London at various distances from the city centre. They were part of a comprehensive scheme developed by the Greater London Council (GLC) to alleviate traffic congestion on the city's road system by providing high speed motorway-standard roads within the capital, linking a series of radial roads taking traffic into and out of the city. There had been plans to construct new roads around London to help traffic since at least the 17th century. Several were built in the early 20th century such as the North Circular Road, Western Avenue and Eastern Avenue, and further plans were put forward in 1937 with The Highway Development Survey, followed by the County of London Plan in 1943. The Ringways originated from these earlier plans, and consisted of the main four ring roads and other developments. Certain sections were upgrades of existing earlier projects such as the North Circular, but much of it was new-build. Construction began on some sections in the 1960s in response to increasing concern about car ownership and traffic. The Ringway plans attracted increasing opposition towards the end of the decade over the demolition of properties, and noise pollution the roads would cause. Local newspapers published the intended routes, which caused an outcry among local residents living on or near them who would have their lives irreversibly disrupted. Following an increasing series of protests, the scheme was cancelled in 1973, at which point only three sections had been built. Some traffic routes originally planned for the Ringways were re-used for other road schemes in the 1980s and 1990s, most significantly the M25, which was created out of two different sections of Ringways joined together. The project caused an increase in road protesting and an eventual agreement that new road construction in London was not generally possible without huge disruption. Since 2000, Transport for London has promoted public transport and discouraged road use."@en . . . . . . . . . . . "The London Ringways were a series of four ring roads planned in the 1960s to circle London at various distances from the city centre. They were part of a comprehensive scheme developed by the Greater London Council (GLC) to alleviate traffic congestion on the city's road system by providing high speed motorway-standard roads within the capital, linking a series of radial roads taking traffic into and out of the city."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "London Ringways"@en . . . "Aerial view of elevated roundabout with flyover passing above and slipways joining from three directions. Construction appears to have recently finished."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1112092743"^^ . . . . . . "Southwyck House in Brixton was specifically designed to shield the housing estate behind it from the noise of Ringway 1"@en . . . . . . . . "West Cross Route looking north.jpg"@en . . . . "horizontal"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Hackney Wick, East Cross Route .jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .