. "The Congo established as an independent unitary state under the de facto dictatorship ofMobutu Sese Seko." . . . . . . "1960"^^ . "La crise congolaise est une p\u00E9riode de troubles politiques et de conflit ayant eu lieu en R\u00E9publique du Congo (aujourd'hui R\u00E9publique d\u00E9mocratique du Congo) entre 1960 et 1965. La crise commence presque imm\u00E9diatement apr\u00E8s l'ind\u00E9pendance du pays et prend fin avec l'accession \u00E0 la pr\u00E9sidence de Mobutu."@fr . . . . . . . . "Pierre Mulele"@en . . . . "The Congo established as an independent unitary state under the de facto dictatorship of Mobutu Sese Seko."@en . . . . . . . "Kon\u017Esk\u00E1 krize (francouzsky crise congolaise) bylo obdob\u00ED politick\u00E9 nestability a konfliktu v Kon\u017Esk\u00E9 republice v letech 1960 a\u017E 1965. Krize za\u010Dala t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 okam\u017Eit\u011B pot\u00E9, co Kongo z\u00EDskalo nez\u00E1vislost na Belgii a skon\u010Dilo neofici\u00E1ln\u011B p\u0159evzet\u00EDm vl\u00E1dy nad celou zem\u00ED Josephem-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutuem. Kon\u017Esk\u00E1 krize se skl\u00E1dala ze s\u00E9ri\u00ED ob\u010Dansk\u00FDch v\u00E1lek a byla z\u00E1stupn\u00FDm konfliktem studen\u00E9 v\u00E1lky, ve kter\u00E9m Sov\u011Btsk\u00FD svaz a Spojen\u00E9 st\u00E1ty podporovaly opozi\u010Dn\u00ED frakce. B\u011Bhem krize bylo zabito odhadem asi 100 000 lid\u00ED. N\u00E1rodn\u011B-osvobozeneck\u00E9 hnut\u00ED v belgick\u00E9m Kongu po\u017Eadovalo konec koloni\u00E1ln\u00ED nadvl\u00E1dy, co\u017E vy\u00FAstilo 30. \u010Dervna 1960 v nez\u00E1vislost zem\u011B. P\u0159evzet\u00ED vl\u00E1dy bylo p\u0159ipraveno jen minim\u00E1ln\u011B a mnoho ot\u00E1zek jako federalismus, tribalismus a etnick\u00FD nacionalismus z\u016Fstalo nevy\u0159e\u0161eno. V prvn\u00EDm \u010Dervencov\u00E9m t\u00FDdnu se vzbou\u0159ila arm\u00E1da a za\u010Dal pogrom na b\u011Blochy. Na ochranu b\u00EDl\u00FDch uprchl\u00EDk\u016F vyslala Belgie vojensk\u00E9 jednotky. S belgickou podporou se od zem\u011B odtrhly provincie Katanga a Ji\u017En\u00ED Kasai. Do prob\u00EDhaj\u00EDc\u00EDho konfliktu vyslala OSN m\u00EDrov\u00E9 jednotky, ale gener\u00E1ln\u00ED tajemn\u00EDk OSN Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld odm\u00EDtl tyto jednotky nasadit proti separatist\u016Fm. Premi\u00E9r Patrice Lumumba, v\u016Fdce nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00ED nacionalistick\u00E9 frakce, povolal na pomoc Sov\u011Btsk\u00FD svaz, kter\u00FD okam\u017Eit\u011B vyslal vojensk\u00E9 poradce a poskytl \u00FAst\u0159edn\u00ED vl\u00E1d\u011B v L\u00E9opoldville dal\u0161\u00ED podporu. Zapojen\u00ED Sov\u011Bt\u016F rozd\u011Blilo kon\u017Eskou vl\u00E1du a vedlo roztr\u017Ece mezi Lumumbou a prezidentem Josephem Kasavubuem. Velitel arm\u00E1dy Mobutu roztr\u017Eku ukon\u010Dil p\u0159evratem, vyhnal sov\u011Btsk\u00E9 poradce a ustanovil novou vl\u00E1du pod svou vlastn\u00ED kontrolou. Lumumba byl zajat a n\u00E1sledn\u011B popraven v roce 1961. Lumumbovi p\u0159\u00EDvr\u017Eenci veden\u00ED Antoinem Gizengou vyhl\u00E1sili ve v\u00FDchodn\u00EDm m\u011Bst\u011B Stanleyville konkuren\u010Dn\u00ED vl\u00E1du \u201E\u201C. Z\u00EDskali sov\u011Btskou podporu, ale po\u010D\u00E1tkem roku 1962 byli pora\u017Eeni. Pot\u00E9, co na konci roku 1961 Hammarskj\u00F6ld zahynul p\u0159i leteck\u00E9 hav\u00E1rii, zaujala OSN v\u016F\u010Di separatist\u016Fm razantn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED postoj. \u00DAst\u0159edn\u00ED vl\u00E1da porazila s podporou jednotek OSN od\u0161t\u011Bpeneck\u00E1 hnut\u00ED v Katanze a ji\u017En\u00EDm Kasai po\u010D\u00E1tkem roku 1963. Kdy\u017E byla Katanga a Ji\u017En\u00ED Kasai navr\u00E1cena pod vl\u00E1dn\u00ED kontrolu, byla p\u0159ijata kompromisn\u00ED \u00FAstava a uprchl\u00FD katan\u017Esk\u00FD v\u016Fdce Moise Tshombe byl povol\u00E1n, aby vedl prozat\u00EDmn\u00ED spr\u00E1vu, zat\u00EDmco byly p\u0159ipravov\u00E1ny nov\u00E9 volby. D\u0159\u00EDve ne\u017E se uskute\u010Dnily, povstali v\u00FDchod\u011B zem\u011B maoisti\u010Dt\u00ED bojovn\u00EDci, kte\u0159\u00ED si \u0159\u00EDkali \u201ESimba\u201C. Simbov\u00E9 p\u0159evzali kontrolu nad zna\u010Dn\u00FDm \u00FAzem\u00EDm a ve Stanleyville vyhl\u00E1sili komunistickou \u201EKon\u017Eskou lidovou republiku\u201C. Vl\u00E1dn\u00ED s\u00EDly postupn\u011B z\u00EDsk\u00E1valy \u00FAzem\u00ED zp\u011Bt a v listopadu 1964 intervenovala ve Stanleyville belgick\u00E1 arm\u00E1da s podporou Spojen\u00FDch st\u00E1t\u016F, aby zachr\u00E1nila ze zajet\u00ED rukojm\u00ED zadr\u017Eovan\u00E1 Simby. Simbov\u00E9 byli pora\u017Eeni a jejich moc se z\u00E1hy zhroutila. Po volb\u00E1ch v b\u0159eznu 1965 vznikl mezi Tshombem a Kasavubuem politick\u00FD pat, d\u00EDky n\u011Bmu\u017E nebylo mo\u017Eno sestavit vl\u00E1du. Mobutu provedl druh\u00FD p\u0159evrat a v listopadu 1965 p\u0159evzal kontrolu nad zem\u00ED. Pod Mobutuovou vl\u00E1dou se Kongo (p\u0159ejmenovan\u00E9 v roce 1971 na Zair) p\u0159em\u011Bnilo na diktaturu, kter\u00E1 vydr\u017Eela a\u017E do jeho odstran\u011Bn\u00ED v roce 1997."@cs . . . . . "Kryzys kongijski \u2013 wojna domowa tocz\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 w Republice Konga (obecnie pod nazw\u0105 Demokratyczna Republika Konga), kt\u00F3ra wybuch\u0142a po uniezale\u017Cnieniu si\u0119 tego kraju od Belgii."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . "Supported by:" . . . . . . "Crisis del Congo"@es . . . . . . . . . "Kryzys kongijski \u2013 wojna domowa tocz\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 w Republice Konga (obecnie pod nazw\u0105 Demokratyczna Republika Konga), kt\u00F3ra wybuch\u0142a po uniezale\u017Cnieniu si\u0119 tego kraju od Belgii."@pl . . "Congo Crisis"@en . . . "Massacred civilians in Lodja"@en . . "\uCF69\uACE0 \uC704\uAE30\uB780 1960\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1965\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uB808\uC624\uD3F4\uB4DC\uBE4C \uCF69\uACE0(\uD604 \uCF69\uACE0 \uBBFC\uC8FC \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D)\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uB300\uD63C\uB780\uC774\uB2E4. \uC5EC\uB7EC \uCC28\uB840\uC758 \uB0B4\uC804\uC774 \uC788\uC5C8\uACE0, \uC2DD\uBBFC \uBAA8\uAD6D\uC778 \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0, \uC790\uBCF8 \uC9C4\uC601\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC778 \uBBF8\uAD6D, \uACF5\uC0B0 \uC9C4\uC601\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC778 \uC18C\uB828\uC774 \uD2B9\uC815 \uC138\uB825\uC744 \uD6C4\uC6D0\uD558\uB294 \uB300\uB9AC\uC804 \uC131\uACA9\uC744 \uB760\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Cyrille Adoula"@en . . . . . . . . "Patrice Lumumba"@en . . "350"^^ . . . . . . . "Krisis Kongo (bahasa Prancis: Crise congolaise) adalah masa kebangkitan politik dan konflik di Republik Kongo (sekarang Republik Demokratik Kongo) antara 1960 dan 1965. Krisis tersebut dimulai setelah Kongo merdeka dari Belgia, dan berakhir, secara tak resmi, dengan seluruh negara tersebut berada di bawah kekuasaan Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu. Diwarnai dengan serangkaian perang saudara, Krisis Kongo juga merupakan konflik proksi dalam Perang Dingin dimana Uni Soviet dan Amerika Serikat mendukung faksi-faksi yang berseberangan. Sekitar 100,000 orang diyakini tewas pada krisis tersebut."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . "Peacekeepers tending to a wounded comrade"@en . . . . . . . . "Kryzys kongijski (1960\u20131965)"@pl . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uCF69\uACE0 \uC704\uAE30"@ko . . . . . . "----"@en . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Republic of the Congo"@en . . "Refugee camp outside \u00C9lisabethville"@en . . "Kongo-Krise"@de . . 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\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060C \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064A\u062A \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0633\u064A\u0637\u0631\u062A\u0647. \u0623\u064F\u0633\u0650\u0631\u064E \u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u064F\u0639\u062F\u0650\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961. \u062A\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062A \u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u00AB\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0629\u00BB \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u062A\u0627\u0646\u0644\u064A\u0641\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 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\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1964\u060C \u062A\u062F\u062E\u0644\u062A \u0628\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0633\u062A\u0627\u0646\u0644\u064A\u0641\u064A\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0645\u0628\u0627. \u0647\u064F\u0632\u0645\u062A \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0645\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0645\u0631\u062F \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0641\u062A\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062C\u064A\u0632\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062A\u062E\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1965\u060C \u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062C\u0645\u0648\u062F \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A \u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u062A\u0634\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064A \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0628\u0648\u060C \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062F\u062E\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u062D\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0644\u0644. \u0642\u0627\u062F \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062A\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1965\u060C \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0634\u062E\u0635\u064A\u064B\u0627. \u062A\u062D\u062A \u062D\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062A\u0648\u060C \u062A\u062D\u0648\u0644\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0623\u0639\u064A\u062F\u062A \u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062A\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0632\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1971) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062F\u064A\u0643\u062A\u0627\u062A\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0645\u0631\u062A \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u062E\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1997."@ar . . . . . . "\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648"@ar . . "Mo\u00EFse Tshombe"@en . . . "----" . . . . . . . . . "Kon\u017Esk\u00E1 krize (francouzsky crise congolaise) bylo obdob\u00ED politick\u00E9 nestability a konfliktu v Kon\u017Esk\u00E9 republice v letech 1960 a\u017E 1965. Krize za\u010Dala t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 okam\u017Eit\u011B pot\u00E9, co Kongo z\u00EDskalo nez\u00E1vislost na Belgii a skon\u010Dilo neofici\u00E1ln\u011B p\u0159evzet\u00EDm vl\u00E1dy nad celou zem\u00ED Josephem-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutuem. Kon\u017Esk\u00E1 krize se skl\u00E1dala ze s\u00E9ri\u00ED ob\u010Dansk\u00FDch v\u00E1lek a byla z\u00E1stupn\u00FDm konfliktem studen\u00E9 v\u00E1lky, ve kter\u00E9m Sov\u011Btsk\u00FD svaz a Spojen\u00E9 st\u00E1ty podporovaly opozi\u010Dn\u00ED frakce. B\u011Bhem krize bylo zabito odhadem asi 100 000 lid\u00ED."@cs . . . . . . . "Albert Kalonji"@en . "Kongoko krisialdia"@eu . . . . . . "Kongoko krisialdia (frantsesez: Crise congolaise) gatazka politikoa eta gerra izan zen, 1960-1965 bitartean (gaur egungo Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoan) gertatutakoa. Kongo Belgikarra Belgikatik independizatu bezain pronto hasi zen, eta Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu boterera iritsi zenean bukatu zen de facto. Hainbat gerra zibilen segida bat izan zen, eta Gerra Hotzarekin nahastutako interesak ere egon ziren, Sobietar Batasuna eta Ameriketako Estatu Batuak gatazkaren alde bana babesten baitzituzten. 100.000 pertsona inguru hil zirela uste da. Kongo Belgikarrean hasitako mugimendu nazionalistak kolonialismoaren amaiera eskatu zuen, eta independentzia eskuratu zuen 1960ko ekainaren 30ean. Gertakari honetarako prestaketa oso gutxi egin ziren aurrez, adibidez federalismoa edo etnizitatea oraindik ez ziren eztabaidatu. Uztaileko lehen astean mutina egon zen armadan eta zuri eta beltzen arteko biolentziak eztanda egin zuen. Belgikak militarrak bidali zituen alde egiten ari ziren zurien hegaldiak babesteko, eta Katanga eta independentzia bultzatu zuten. Biolentziarekin amaitzeko, Nazio Batuen Erakundeak ere bake-indarrak bidali zituen, baina Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld idazkari orokorrak uko egin zion tropak bidaltzeari L\u00E9opoldvilleko gobernu zentrala babesteko sezesionisten aurka. Patrice Lumumba lehen ministroak Sobietar Batasunaren laguntza eskatu zuen, eta horiek, laguntzaile militarrak bidaltzeaz gain, laguntza teknikoa eman zuten. Sobietarren laguntzak Kongoko gobernua hautsi zuen eta Lumumba lehen ministroaren eta Joseph Kasa-Vubu presidentearen arteko botere harremana gaiztotu. Mobutuk, armadaren gidaritzarekin, estatu kolpea eman zuen, sobietarrak kanporatu zituen eta gobernu berria ezarri zuen bere kontrolpean. Lumumba atxilotu eta exekutatu zuten 1961ean eta bere jarraitzaileek izeneko gobernua eratu zuten Stanleyvillen, Antoine Gizengaren lidertzarekin. Sobietarren babesa bazuen ere, 1962an garaitua izan zen. NBEko idazkari orokorra zen Hammarskj\u00F6ld hegazkin istripu batean erail zutenean, indar gehiago hartu zuen NBEk. Euren laguntzarekin, Leopoldvillek mugimendu sezesionistak garaitu zituen 1963a hasi zenean. Katanga eta Hego Kasai berriro ere gobernuaren kontrolpean zeudela Mo\u00EFse Tshombe katangarrari eskatu zitzaion behin-behineko administrazio baten gidaritza hartu eta hauteskundeak antolatzeko. Hala ere, hau gertatu aurretik, talde armatu maoista batek matxinada antolatu zuen herrialde osoan, izenarekin. Stanleyvillen zentratutako Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa aldarrikatu zuten, lurralde zati handia kontrolatu ostean. 1964ko azaroan AEBk eta Belgikak Stanleyvillen zeuden bahituak askatzeko operazioa egin zuten, eta ondoren garaituak izan ziren. 1965an Tshombe eta Kasa-Vuburen arteko botere berdinketa bat egon zen, berriro ere herrialdea geldituz. Mobutuk bigarren estatu kolpea egin zuen 1965ko azaroan, kontrol pertsonala ezarriz. 1971an herrialdearen izena Zairera aldatu zuen eta diktadura ezarri zuen 1997an kendu eta Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoa berrezarri zen arte."@eu . . . . . . . "Supported by:"@en . . . . . "1960\u201363:" . . . . "\u521A\u679C\u5371\u673A"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . "Crisi del Congo"@it . "\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 (\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Crise congolaise)\u200F \u0641\u062A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064A \u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 (\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0645 \u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u064A\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064A\u0629) \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064A 1960 \u06481966. \u0628\u062F\u0623\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u062A\u0642\u0631\u064A\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0643\u0627\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0647\u062A\u060C \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u060C \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u062A\u062D\u062A \u062D\u0643\u0645 \u062C\u0648\u0632\u064A\u0641 \u062F\u064A\u0632\u064A \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062A\u0648. \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062A \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063A\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0639\u0635\u0641\u062A \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062F\u0629\u060C \u062D\u064A\u062B \u062F\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064A\u062A\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062A\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629. \u064A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062D\u0648 100000 \u0634\u062E\u0635 \u0642\u062F \u0642\u064F\u062A\u0650\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Congocrisis"@nl . . "La crisis del Congo fue un per\u00EDodo de des\u00F3rdenes durante el desarrollo de la primera rep\u00FAblica del Congo democr\u00E1tico, que se inici\u00F3 con la independencia nacional contra la tutela de B\u00E9lgica, y termin\u00F3 con la toma del poder por parte de Joseph Mobutu. La crisis adopt\u00F3 formas diversas, entre las que hay que destacar las luchas anticoloniales, los enfrentamientos tribales, una guerra de secesi\u00F3n originada en la provincia de Katanga, una intervenci\u00F3n para el mantenimiento de la paz por parte de las Naciones Unidas, y una guerra fr\u00EDa cuando el pa\u00EDs sirvi\u00F3 de escenario para la lucha de influencias en \u00C1frica entre los Estados Unidos y la Uni\u00F3n Sovi\u00E9tica. Dos importantes desapariciones marcaron la crisis: la del primer ministro Patrice Lumumba, asesinado en 1961, y la del secretario general de la "@es . "Kon\u017Esk\u00E1 krize"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . "Gaston Eyskens"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Congo Crisis (French: Crise congolaise) was a period of political upheaval and conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The crisis began almost immediately after the Congo became independent from Belgium and ended, unofficially, with the entire country under the rule of Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu. Constituting a series of civil wars, the Congo Crisis was also a proxy conflict in the Cold War, in which the Soviet Union and the United States supported opposing factions. Around 100,000 people are believed to have been killed during the crisis. A nationalist movement in the Belgian Congo demanded the end of colonial rule: this led to the country's independence on 30 June 1960. Minimal preparations had been made and many issues, such as federalism, tribalism, and ethnic nationalism, remained unresolved. In the first week of July, a mutiny broke out in the army and violence erupted between black and white civilians. Belgium sent troops to protect fleeing white citizens. Katanga and South Kasai seceded with Belgian support. Amid continuing unrest and violence, the United Nations deployed peacekeepers, but UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld refused to use these troops to help the central government in L\u00E9opoldville fight the secessionists. Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba, the charismatic leader of the largest nationalist faction, reacted by calling for assistance from the Soviet Union, which promptly sent military advisers and other support. The involvement of the Soviets split the Congolese government and led to an impasse between Lumumba and President Joseph Kasa-Vubu. Mobutu, in command of the army, broke this deadlock with a coup d'\u00E9tat, expelled the Soviet advisors and established a new government effectively under his own control. Lumumba was taken captive and subsequently executed in 1961. A rival government of the \"Free Republic of the Congo\" was founded in the eastern city of Stanleyville by Lumumba supporters led by Antoine Gizenga. It gained Soviet support but was crushed in early 1962. Meanwhile, the UN took a more aggressive stance towards the secessionists after Hammarskj\u00F6ld was killed in a plane crash in late 1961. Supported by UN troops, L\u00E9opoldville defeated secessionist movements in Katanga and South Kasai by the start of 1963. With Katanga and South Kasai back under the government's control, a reconciliatory compromise constitution was adopted and the exiled Katangese leader, Mo\u00EFse Tshombe, was recalled to head an interim administration while fresh elections were organised. Before these could be held, however, Maoist-inspired militants calling themselves the \"Simbas\" rose up in the east of the country. The Simbas took control of a significant amount of territory and proclaimed a communist \"People's Republic of the Congo\" in Stanleyville. Government forces gradually retook territory and, in November 1964, Belgium and the United States intervened militarily in Stanleyville to recover hostages from Simba captivity. The Simbas were defeated and collapsed soon after. Following the elections in March 1965, a new political stalemate developed between Tshombe and Kasa-Vubu, forcing the government into near-paralysis. Mobutu mounted a second coup d'\u00E9tat in November 1965, taking personal control of the country. Under Mobutu's rule, the Congo (renamed Zaire in 1971) was transformed into a dictatorship which would endure until his deposition in 1997."@en . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441"@ru . . . . . . . "U Thant"@en . . . . . . . . "Total killed: c. 100,000"@en . . . . . . . . . "Kongokrisen (franska: Crise congolaise) var en period av politisk omv\u00E4lvning och konflikter mellan 1960 och 1965 i Republiken Kongo (dagens Demokratiska republiken Kongo). Krisen p\u00E5b\u00F6rjades n\u00E4stan omedelbart efter att Kongo blivit sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndigt fr\u00E5n Belgien och slutade, inofficiellt, med hela landet under Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutus styre. Kongokrisen utgjordes av en serie inb\u00F6rdeskrig, och var \u00E4ven en proxykonflikt i det kalla kriget, d\u00E4r Sovjetunionen och USA visade st\u00F6d f\u00F6r motsatta fraktioner. Omkring 100 000 m\u00E4nniskor tros ha f\u00E5tt s\u00E4tta livet till under krisen. En nationalistisk r\u00F6relse kr\u00E4vde ett slut p\u00E5 kolonialstyret: denna h\u00E4ndelse ledde till landets sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighet den 30 juni 1960. \u00C4ven om sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighetens f\u00F6rberedelser hade varit minimala f\u00F6rblev m\u00E5nga viktiga fr\u00E5gor g\u00E4llande federalism, tribalism och etnisk nationalism ol\u00F6sta. Under den f\u00F6rsta veckan i juli m\u00E5nad p\u00E5b\u00F6rjades ett myteri inom arm\u00E9n och v\u00E5ld utbr\u00F6t mellan svarta och vita civila. Belgien skickade trupper f\u00F6r att skydda de vita som befann sig p\u00E5 flykt. Katanga och Sydkasai br\u00F6t sig ur med belgiskt st\u00F6d. Under oroligheterna satte F\u00F6renta nationerna in fredsbevarande styrkor, men FN:s generalsekreterare Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld v\u00E4grade att f\u00E5 de fredsbevarande styrkorna att hj\u00E4lpa centralregeringen i L\u00E9opoldville med att strida mot secessionisterna. Premi\u00E4rminister Patrice Lumumba, den nationalistiska r\u00F6relsens karismatiska ledare, reagerade med att beg\u00E4ra hj\u00E4lp fr\u00E5n Sovjetunionen, som omg\u00E5ende skickade milit\u00E4ra r\u00E5dgivare och annat st\u00F6d. Sovjets inblandning i konflikten splittrade den kongolesiska regeringen och ledde till en dispyt mellan Lumumba och presidenten Joseph Kasavubu. Mobutu, med bef\u00E4l \u00F6ver arm\u00E9n, br\u00F6t konflikten genom en statskupp. Sovjetiska r\u00E5dgivare utvisades och en ny regering etablerades under hans kontroll. Lumumba togs till f\u00E5nga och avr\u00E4ttades 1961. En rivaliserande regering i \"Den fria republiken Kongo\" grundades i \u00F6ster i staden Stanleyville av Lumumba-supportrar ledda av Antoine Gizenga. Regeringen mottog sovjetiskt st\u00F6d men krossades i b\u00F6rjan av 1962. Samtidigt intog FN en aggressiv h\u00E5llning mot secessionisterna i takt med att Hammarskj\u00F6ld omkom i en flygolycka i slutet av 1961. Med st\u00F6d av FN-trupper lyckades L\u00E9opoldville besegra secessionistr\u00F6relser i Katanga och Sydkasai fram till b\u00F6rjan av 1963. N\u00E4r regeringen \u00E5terigen hade kontroll \u00F6ver Katanga och Sydkasai antogs den f\u00F6rvisade katangesiska ledaren, Mo\u00EFse Tshombe, till att leda en interimsadministration medan nya val kunde organiseras. Innan valen kunde h\u00E5llas reste sig en Maoistmilis under namnet \"Simba\" upp i \u00F6ster. Simbarebellerna tog kontroll \u00F6ver en stor m\u00E4ngd betydande territorium och uppr\u00E4ttade en kommunistisk \"Folkrepubliken Kongo\" i Stanleyville. Delar av territorium \u00E5tertogs av regeringsstyrkor och i november 1964 ingrep Belgien och USA milit\u00E4rt i Stanleyville f\u00F6r att frita gisslan ur Simbarebellernas f\u00E5ngenskap. Rebellerna besegrades och f\u00F6rlorade makt strax efter\u00E5t. Efter valet i mars 1965 utvecklades ett nytt politiskt d\u00F6dl\u00E4ge, denna g\u00E5ngen mellan Tshombe och Kasavubu. I november 1965 genomf\u00F6rde Mobutu en andra statskupp och tog personlig kontroll \u00F6ver landet. Under Mobutus styre blev Kongo (omd\u00F6pt till Zaire 1971) till en diktatur som skulle best\u00E5 \u00E4nda fram till hans avs\u00E4ttning \u00E5r 1997."@sv . . . . . . . "A Crise do Congo (1960\u20131966) foi um per\u00EDodo de agita\u00E7\u00E3o durante o desenvolvimento da primeira Rep\u00FAblica Democr\u00E1tica do Congo, que come\u00E7ou com a independ\u00EAncia nacional contra a tutela da B\u00E9lgica, e terminou com a tomada do poder por Joseph Mobutu. A crise tomou v\u00E1rias formas, entre as quais pode-se destacar as lutas anti-coloniais, os conflitos tribais, uma guerra separatista na prov\u00EDncia de Catanga, uma interven\u00E7\u00E3o para a manuten\u00E7\u00E3o da paz das Na\u00E7\u00F5es Unidas, e quando o pa\u00EDs foi o cen\u00E1rio de disputa por influ\u00EAncia na \u00C1frica entre os EUA e a Uni\u00E3o Sovi\u00E9tica durante a Guerra Fria. A crise causou a morte de cerca de 100 mil pessoas, bem como uma derrota traum\u00E1tica para as Na\u00E7\u00F5es Unidas. A morte de duas pessoas importantes marcaram a crise: o primeiro-ministro Patrice Lumumba, assassinado em 19"@pt . . "#c6dbf7"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "De Congocrisis was een periode van onrust in de Eerste Republiek Congo, vanaf de nationale onafhankelijkheid van Belgi\u00EB in 1960 tot de machtsgreep door Mobutu Sese Seko in 1965. Het begon als een antikoloniale strijd en leidde tot een oorlog met de secessionistische provincie Katanga. In een poging hun economische en politieke hegemonie in de regio te herwinnen sponsorden de Verenigde Staten en Belgi\u00EB terroristische activiteiten en geheime moorden, onder meer van de antikolonistische leider Patrice Lumumba, wat de situatie verder compliceerde en leidde tot politieke desintegratie. Op verschillende punten nam een vredesmacht van de Verenigde Naties en de Sovjet-Unie deel aan het conflict. De crisis veroorzaakte de dood van ongeveer 100.000 mensen."@nl . . . "the Decolonisation of Africa and the Cold War"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Th\u00E9o Lef\u00E8vre"@en . . . . "\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u52D5\u4E71\uFF08\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u3069\u3046\u3089\u3093\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Crise congolaise\u30011960\u5E74 - 1965\u5E74\uFF09\u306F\u30011960\u5E746\u670830\u65E5\u306B\u30D9\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u9818\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u304C\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u5171\u548C\u56FD\uFF08\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u30FB\u30EC\u30AA\u30DD\u30EB\u30C9\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u306E\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u6C11\u4E3B\u5171\u548C\u56FD\uFF09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u72EC\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u76F4\u5F8C\u306B\u52C3\u767A\u3057\u305F\u53CD\u4E71\u304B\u3089\u59CB\u307E\u308B\u6DF7\u4E71\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 1960\u5E747\u670811\u65E5\u306B\u3001\u65E7\u5B97\u4E3B\u56FD\u306E\u30D9\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u304B\u3089\u652F\u63F4\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30E2\u30A4\u30FC\u30BA\u30FB\u30C1\u30E7\u30F3\u30D9\u306F\u3001\u3053\u306E\u6DF7\u4E71\u306E\u62E1\u5927\u306B\u4E57\u3058\u3066\u5357\u90E8\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u5DDE\u304C\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u56FD\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5206\u96E2\u72EC\u7ACB\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5BA3\u8A00\u3057\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3001\u6DF7\u4E71\u3092\u53CE\u62FE\u3059\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u3068\u30BD\u30D3\u30A8\u30C8\u9023\u90A6\u306E\u4E00\u81F4\u3067\u56FD\u969B\u9023\u5408\u5B89\u5168\u4FDD\u969C\u7406\u4E8B\u4F1A\u6C7A\u8B70143\u304C\u63A1\u629E\u3055\u308C\u3066\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u56FD\u9023\u8ECD\u304C\u6295\u5165\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001\u56FD\u969B\u9023\u5408\u304C\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u3078\u306E\u4ECB\u5165\u306B\u6D88\u6975\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F\u3053\u3068\u304B\u3089\u3001\u521D\u4EE3\u9996\u76F8\u30D1\u30C8\u30EA\u30B9\u30FB\u30EB\u30E0\u30F3\u30D0\u306F\u652F\u63F4\u3092\u6C42\u3081\u3066\u30BD\u9023\u306B\u6025\u901F\u306B\u63A5\u8FD1\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308C\u304C\u7C73\u56FD\u5BC4\u308A\u306E\u521D\u4EE3\u5927\u7D71\u9818\u30B8\u30E7\u30BC\u30D5\u30FB\u30AB\u30B5\u30D6\u30D6\u3068\u306E\u5BFE\u7ACB\u3092\u751F\u3093\u3060\u3002 \u4ED6\u65B9\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30BC\u30D5\uFF1D\u30C7\u30B8\u30EC\u30FB\u30E2\u30D6\u30C4\u306F\u30011960\u5E749\u670814\u65E5\u306B\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u72B6\u6CC1\u306E\u6253\u958B\u3092\u53E3\u5B9F\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7121\u8840\u30AF\u30FC\u30C7\u30BF\u30FC\u3092\u8D77\u3053\u3057\u3001\u30EB\u30E0\u30F3\u30D0\u306F\u81EA\u5B85\u8EDF\u7981\u4E0B\u306B\u7F6E\u304B\u308C\u305F\u3002\u30E2\u30D6\u30C4\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u306E\u30C1\u30E7\u30F3\u30D9\u306E\u5143\u306B\u9001\u308A\u8FBC\u307E\u308C\u305F\u30EB\u30E0\u30F3\u30D0\u306F\u30011961\u5E741\u670817\u65E5\u306B\u51E6\u5211\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u307E\u305F\u30011961\u5E749\u670818\u65E5\u306B\u306F\u3001\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u5074\u3068\u306E\u4EF2\u4ECB\u3092\u8A66\u307F\u305F\u56FD\u9023\u4E8B\u52D9\u7DCF\u9577\u30C0\u30B0\u30FB\u30CF\u30DE\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30EB\u30C9\u304C\u3001\u98DB\u884C\u6A5F\u589C\u843D\u4E8B\u6545\u3067\u6B7B\u4EA1\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60B2\u5287\u3082\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . "Sociologist Ludo De Witte"@en . . "Die Kongo-Krise (oftmals auch als Kongowirren bezeichnet) war sowohl eine gewaltsame nationale Krise innerhalb der Demokratischen Republik Kongo als auch eine internationale Krise vor dem Hintergrund des Kalten Krieges, die ungef\u00E4hr von 1960 bis 1965 dauerte."@de . . "1960-07-05"^^ . . . . . "1964"^^ . . . "Joseph Kasa-Vubu"@en . "Belgian paratroopers during Dragon Rouge"@en . . . . . . . . "Krisis Kongo"@in . . . "1960\u201362:" . . . . . . . . . "1124399271"^^ . . . . . . . "\"The Congo crisis revealed in one fell swoop the true nature of the powers which shaped large parts of the post-war world. The crisis showed in actual practice the true nature, not only of the former colonial powers, but also of the United Nations, of the recently independent countries united in what was called the Afro-Asian bloc, as well as of Moscow\"."@en . . . "La crisis del Congo fue un per\u00EDodo de des\u00F3rdenes durante el desarrollo de la primera rep\u00FAblica del Congo democr\u00E1tico, que se inici\u00F3 con la independencia nacional contra la tutela de B\u00E9lgica, y termin\u00F3 con la toma del poder por parte de Joseph Mobutu. La crisis adopt\u00F3 formas diversas, entre las que hay que destacar las luchas anticoloniales, los enfrentamientos tribales, una guerra de secesi\u00F3n originada en la provincia de Katanga, una intervenci\u00F3n para el mantenimiento de la paz por parte de las Naciones Unidas, y una guerra fr\u00EDa cuando el pa\u00EDs sirvi\u00F3 de escenario para la lucha de influencias en \u00C1frica entre los Estados Unidos y la Uni\u00F3n Sovi\u00E9tica. Dos importantes desapariciones marcaron la crisis: la del primer ministro Patrice Lumumba, asesinado en 1961, y la del secretario general de la ONU, Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld, muerto en un accidente a\u00E9reo."@es . "Congo Crisis"@en . "1265393"^^ . . "Republic of the Congo" . "Clockwise starting from top left:"@en . . . . . . . . "Christophe Gbenye"@en . "--07-05"^^ . . . . "Crise congolaise"@fr . . . "246"^^ . . . . . . . "The Congo Crisis (French: Crise congolaise) was a period of political upheaval and conflict between 1960 and 1965 in the Republic of the Congo (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo). The crisis began almost immediately after the Congo became independent from Belgium and ended, unofficially, with the entire country under the rule of Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu. Constituting a series of civil wars, the Congo Crisis was also a proxy conflict in the Cold War, in which the Soviet Union and the United States supported opposing factions. Around 100,000 people are believed to have been killed during the crisis."@en . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441 (\u0444\u0440. 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\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D \u043F\u043E \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u043B\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D \u0432 \u042D\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C \u0438 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0442 17 \u044F\u043D\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044F 1961. \u041D\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044C\u0435\u0440-\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B \u043B\u0443\u043C\u0443\u043C\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0410\u043D\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043D \u0413\u0438\u0437\u0435\u043D\u0433\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438\u043B \u0421\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043B \u0410\u0434\u0443\u043B\u0430, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C \u0432 \u0438\u044E\u043B\u0435 1964 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043B\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043F\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0427\u043E\u043C\u0431\u0435. \u0414\u043B\u044F \u043D\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043A\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0448\u0430\u043B \u0431\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0433\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0451\u043C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432, \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0440\u0435\u043F\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044E \u00AB\u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u00BB. \u041D\u0430 \u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043A\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u0432\u043E\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u0438\u043C\u0431\u0430, \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0437\u0433\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u041B\u0443\u043C\u0443\u043C\u0431\u0443 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043C. \u0414\u043B\u044F \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u044B \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0433\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E \u0441 \u0421\u0428\u0410 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044E \u00AB\u041A\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u00BB. \u041A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043C, \u043E\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u041C\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0443. \u041E\u043D \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043B \u0433\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0435 \u0442\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E \u0434\u043B\u044F \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E, \u043D\u043E \u0438 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0432 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0451\u043C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0435."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441 (\u0444\u0440. Crise congolaise, 1960\u20141965) \u2014 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441, \u043E\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0443 \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E (\u041B\u0435\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C) \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 30 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1960 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u043A \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0416\u043E\u0437\u0435\u0444\u0430 \u041C\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0443. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0431\u043B\u043E \u043E\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E 100 \u0442\u044B\u0441\u044F\u0447 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A."@ru . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430"@uk . "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430 (\u0444\u0440. Crise congolaise) \u2014 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430, \u0437\u0443\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u043E\u044E \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E 30 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1960 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0433\u043E\u043C 1960\u20141965 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk . . . . . . . "Crise do Congo"@pt . "La crisi del Congo fu una fase di perdurante instabilit\u00E0 politica e di tumulti che interess\u00F2 il territorio dell'attuale Repubblica Democratica del Congo tra il giugno del 1960 e il novembre del 1965. Iniziato subito dopo la proclamazione dell'indipendenza della nazione dal dominio coloniale belga il 30 giugno 1960, questo periodo fu caratterizzato da un lato da una forte instabilit\u00E0 politica rappresentata dallo scontro tra i sostenitori del presidente del Congo Joseph Kasa-Vubu e quelli del primo ministro Patrice Lumumba, e dall'altro da una estesa serie di disordini e sommosse nella maggior parte del paese, sfociate in aperte rivolte armate e tentativi di secessione da parte di varie province in opposizione al governo centrale."@it . . "right"@en . . . . . "\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u52D5\u4E71"@ja . . . . "Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu"@en . . "1964"^^ . "\uCF69\uACE0 \uC704\uAE30\uB780 1960\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1965\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uB808\uC624\uD3F4\uB4DC\uBE4C \uCF69\uACE0(\uD604 \uCF69\uACE0 \uBBFC\uC8FC \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D)\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uB300\uD63C\uB780\uC774\uB2E4. \uC5EC\uB7EC \uCC28\uB840\uC758 \uB0B4\uC804\uC774 \uC788\uC5C8\uACE0, \uC2DD\uBBFC \uBAA8\uAD6D\uC778 \uBCA8\uAE30\uC5D0, \uC790\uBCF8 \uC9C4\uC601\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC778 \uBBF8\uAD6D, \uACF5\uC0B0 \uC9C4\uC601\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC778 \uC18C\uB828\uC774 \uD2B9\uC815 \uC138\uB825\uC744 \uD6C4\uC6D0\uD558\uB294 \uB300\uB9AC\uC804 \uC131\uACA9\uC744 \uB760\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . "82238"^^ . . . ""@en . "Kongoko krisialdia (frantsesez: Crise congolaise) gatazka politikoa eta gerra izan zen, 1960-1965 bitartean (gaur egungo Kongoko Errepublika Demokratikoan) gertatutakoa. Kongo Belgikarra Belgikatik independizatu bezain pronto hasi zen, eta Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu boterera iritsi zenean bukatu zen de facto. Hainbat gerra zibilen segida bat izan zen, eta Gerra Hotzarekin nahastutako interesak ere egon ziren, Sobietar Batasuna eta Ameriketako Estatu Batuak gatazkaren alde bana babesten baitzituzten. 100.000 pertsona inguru hil zirela uste da."@eu . . . "Kongokrisen"@sv . . . . . . . . . "Congo Crisis"@en . . . . . . . . "La crise congolaise est une p\u00E9riode de troubles politiques et de conflit ayant eu lieu en R\u00E9publique du Congo (aujourd'hui R\u00E9publique d\u00E9mocratique du Congo) entre 1960 et 1965. La crise commence presque imm\u00E9diatement apr\u00E8s l'ind\u00E9pendance du pays et prend fin avec l'accession \u00E0 la pr\u00E9sidence de Mobutu. Consistant en plusieurs crises gouvernementales et guerres civiles, la crise congolaise fait partie des nombreuses guerres par procuration de la Guerre froide au cours desquelles les \u00C9tats-Unis et l'Union sovi\u00E9tique apportent leur soutien mat\u00E9riel, financier et logistique \u00E0 des groupes militaires oppos\u00E9s. Plus de 100 000 personnes trouvent la mort pendant la crise. L'\u00E9mergence d'un mouvement national dans le Congo belge exigeant la fin de la domination coloniale belge m\u00E8ne le pays vers son ind\u00E9pendance acquise le 30 juin 1960. Peu de pr\u00E9paratifs ont lieu, et des questions primordiales relatives au nouvel \u00C9tat comme le statut des ethnies ou l'organisation du f\u00E9d\u00E9ralisme restent sans solution. Au cours de la premi\u00E8re semaine de juillet, une mutinerie \u00E9clata dans l'arm\u00E9e, suivie d'une escalade de la violence entre civils blancs et noirs. En r\u00E9ponse, la Belgique envoya des troupes pour prot\u00E9ger la population blanche. Soutenues par la Belgique, deux r\u00E9gions du Congo firent s\u00E9cession : le Katanga (\u00C9tat du Katanga) et le Sud-Kasa\u00EF. L'\u00E9tat d'instabilit\u00E9 et de violence pousse l'ONU \u00E0 d\u00E9ployer des casques bleus pour maintenir la situation sous contr\u00F4le, mais le secr\u00E9taire g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld refuse d'utiliser ces troupes pour aider le gouvernement central de L\u00E9opoldville \u00E0 combattre les s\u00E9paratistes. Patrice Lumumba, le Premier ministre et chef charismatique du groupe nationaliste le plus influent, r\u00E9agit \u00E0 cela en demandant une assistance de l'Union sovi\u00E9tique, qui r\u00E9pond promptement en envoyant des conseillers militaires et en fournissant un soutien logistique. L'implication des Sovi\u00E9tiques est tr\u00E8s controvers\u00E9e au sein du gouvernement congolais et aboutit \u00E0 un d\u00E9saccord majeur entre Lumumba et le pr\u00E9sident Joseph Kasa-Vubu. Le g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Mobutu, commandant des arm\u00E9es, r\u00E9agit \u00E0 cette situation par un coup d'\u00C9tat. Il expulse alors les conseillers sovi\u00E9tiques et forme un nouveau gouvernement, qu'il place sous son contr\u00F4le. Un gouvernement rival, fond\u00E9 par Antoine Gizenga et les partisans de Lumumba dans la ville de Stanleyville, \u00E0 l'est, recueillit le soutien sovi\u00E9tique mais est rapidement battu en 1962. Pendant ce temps, l'ONU adopte une position plus agressive envers les s\u00E9paratistes apr\u00E8s la mort de Hammarskj\u00F6ld dans un accident d'avion en 1961. Gr\u00E2ce au soutien des casques bleus, L\u00E9opoldville r\u00E9ussit \u00E0 vaincre les mouvements s\u00E9paratistes du Katanga et du Sud-Kasa\u00EF en 1963. Apr\u00E8s l'affirmation du contr\u00F4le du gouvernement central sur les r\u00E9gions du Katanga et du Sud-Kasa\u00EF, une constitution conciliante de compromis est adopt\u00E9e. Le leader du Katanga exil\u00E9, Mo\u00EFse Tshombe, est rappel\u00E9 pour diriger le gouvernement d'int\u00E9rim en l'attente de nouvelles \u00E9lections. Avant l'organisation de ces derni\u00E8res, une r\u00E9bellion \u00E9clata dans l'est du pays. Des r\u00E9volutionnaires d'inspiration marxiste, les Simbas, s'emparent de l'est du pays et proclament une \u00AB R\u00E9publique populaire du Congo \u00BB communiste \u00E0 Stanleyville. Alors que les forces gouvernementales gagnent peu \u00E0 peu du terrain face aux Simbas, l'intervention militaire de la Belgique et des \u00C9tats-Unis en novembre 1964 pour secourir des otages captur\u00E9s par les rebelles, scelle la d\u00E9faite d\u00E9finitive de la r\u00E9bellion Simba et la dissolution du mouvement. Apr\u00E8s les \u00E9lections de mars 1965, une lutte pour le pouvoir \u00E9merge entre Tshombe et Kasa-Vubu et cause la paralysie du gouvernement. Le g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Mobutu organisa alors un second coup d'\u00C9tat en novembre 1965, qui lui permit de r\u00E9tablir un contr\u00F4le personnel sur le pays. Sous le r\u00E9gime de Mobutu, le Congo (renomm\u00E9 Za\u00EFre en 1971) demeura une dictature personnelle jusqu'\u00E0 son renversement, en 1997."@fr . . . . . . . . . "Antoine Gizenga"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0437\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430 (\u0444\u0440. Crise congolaise) \u2014 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430, \u0437\u0443\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u043E\u044E \u041A\u043E\u043D\u0433\u043E 30 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1960 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0433\u043E\u043C 1960\u20141965 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk . "\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u52D5\u4E71\uFF08\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u3069\u3046\u3089\u3093\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8A9E: Crise congolaise\u30011960\u5E74 - 1965\u5E74\uFF09\u306F\u30011960\u5E746\u670830\u65E5\u306B\u30D9\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u9818\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u304C\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u5171\u548C\u56FD\uFF08\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u30FB\u30EC\u30AA\u30DD\u30EB\u30C9\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u306E\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u6C11\u4E3B\u5171\u548C\u56FD\uFF09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u72EC\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u76F4\u5F8C\u306B\u52C3\u767A\u3057\u305F\u53CD\u4E71\u304B\u3089\u59CB\u307E\u308B\u6DF7\u4E71\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 1960\u5E747\u670811\u65E5\u306B\u3001\u65E7\u5B97\u4E3B\u56FD\u306E\u30D9\u30EB\u30AE\u30FC\u304B\u3089\u652F\u63F4\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30E2\u30A4\u30FC\u30BA\u30FB\u30C1\u30E7\u30F3\u30D9\u306F\u3001\u3053\u306E\u6DF7\u4E71\u306E\u62E1\u5927\u306B\u4E57\u3058\u3066\u5357\u90E8\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u5DDE\u304C\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u56FD\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5206\u96E2\u72EC\u7ACB\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5BA3\u8A00\u3057\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3001\u6DF7\u4E71\u3092\u53CE\u62FE\u3059\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u3068\u30BD\u30D3\u30A8\u30C8\u9023\u90A6\u306E\u4E00\u81F4\u3067\u56FD\u969B\u9023\u5408\u5B89\u5168\u4FDD\u969C\u7406\u4E8B\u4F1A\u6C7A\u8B70143\u304C\u63A1\u629E\u3055\u308C\u3066\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u56FD\u9023\u8ECD\u304C\u6295\u5165\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u3057\u304B\u3057\u3001\u56FD\u969B\u9023\u5408\u304C\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u3078\u306E\u4ECB\u5165\u306B\u6D88\u6975\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F\u3053\u3068\u304B\u3089\u3001\u521D\u4EE3\u9996\u76F8\u30D1\u30C8\u30EA\u30B9\u30FB\u30EB\u30E0\u30F3\u30D0\u306F\u652F\u63F4\u3092\u6C42\u3081\u3066\u30BD\u9023\u306B\u6025\u901F\u306B\u63A5\u8FD1\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308C\u304C\u7C73\u56FD\u5BC4\u308A\u306E\u521D\u4EE3\u5927\u7D71\u9818\u30B8\u30E7\u30BC\u30D5\u30FB\u30AB\u30B5\u30D6\u30D6\u3068\u306E\u5BFE\u7ACB\u3092\u751F\u3093\u3060\u3002 \u4ED6\u65B9\u3001\u30B8\u30E7\u30BC\u30D5\uFF1D\u30C7\u30B8\u30EC\u30FB\u30E2\u30D6\u30C4\u306F\u30011960\u5E749\u670814\u65E5\u306B\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u72B6\u6CC1\u306E\u6253\u958B\u3092\u53E3\u5B9F\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7121\u8840\u30AF\u30FC\u30C7\u30BF\u30FC\u3092\u8D77\u3053\u3057\u3001\u30EB\u30E0\u30F3\u30D0\u306F\u81EA\u5B85\u8EDF\u7981\u4E0B\u306B\u7F6E\u304B\u308C\u305F\u3002\u30E2\u30D6\u30C4\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u306E\u30C1\u30E7\u30F3\u30D9\u306E\u5143\u306B\u9001\u308A\u8FBC\u307E\u308C\u305F\u30EB\u30E0\u30F3\u30D0\u306F\u30011961\u5E741\u670817\u65E5\u306B\u51E6\u5211\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002\u307E\u305F\u30011961\u5E749\u670818\u65E5\u306B\u306F\u3001\u30AB\u30BF\u30F3\u30AC\u5074\u3068\u306E\u4EF2\u4ECB\u3092\u8A66\u307F\u305F\u56FD\u9023\u4E8B\u52D9\u7DCF\u9577\u30C0\u30B0\u30FB\u30CF\u30DE\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30EB\u30C9\u304C\u3001\u98DB\u884C\u6A5F\u589C\u843D\u4E8B\u6545\u3067\u6B7B\u4EA1\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60B2\u5287\u3082\u767A\u751F\u3057\u305F\u3002 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\u305D\u306E\u5F8C\u306F\u3001\u30AB\u30B5\u30D6\u30D6\u3068\u3001\u4EA1\u547D\u5148\u304B\u3089\u5E30\u56FD\u3057\u3066\u66AB\u5B9A\u9996\u76F8\u306B\u5C31\u4EFB\u3057\u305F\u30C1\u30E7\u30F3\u30D9\u3068\u306E\u9593\u3067\u65B0\u305F\u306A\u653F\u6CBB\u7684\u5BFE\u7ACB\u304C\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u304C\u30011965\u5E7411\u670825\u65E5\u306B\u3001\u30E2\u30D6\u30C4\u304C\u653F\u6CBB\u72B6\u6CC1\u306E\u6253\u958B\u3092\u53E3\u5B9F\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4E8C\u5EA6\u76EE\u306E\u7121\u8840\u30AF\u30FC\u30C7\u30BF\u30FC\u3092\u8D77\u3053\u3057\u3066\u6A29\u529B\u3092\u638C\u63E1\u3057\u3001\u72EC\u7ACB\u4EE5\u6765\u7D9A\u3044\u3066\u3044\u305F\u6DF7\u4E71\u306F\u4E8B\u5B9F\u4E0A\u7D42\u7D50\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u30B3\u30F3\u30B4\u52D5\u4E71\u306F\u3001\u51B7\u6226\u3092\u4E3B\u5C0E\u3057\u305F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u3068\u30BD\u9023\u306B\u3088\u308B\u4EE3\u7406\u6226\u4E89\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308A\u3001\u52D5\u4E71\u306E\u671F\u9593\u4E2D\u306B\u3001\u7D0410\u4E07\u4EBA\u304C\u6BBA\u5BB3\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3068\u898B\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . "Government forces fighting Simba rebels"@en . . . . . "La crisi del Congo fu una fase di perdurante instabilit\u00E0 politica e di tumulti che interess\u00F2 il territorio dell'attuale Repubblica Democratica del Congo tra il giugno del 1960 e il novembre del 1965. Iniziato subito dopo la proclamazione dell'indipendenza della nazione dal dominio coloniale belga il 30 giugno 1960, questo periodo fu caratterizzato da un lato da una forte instabilit\u00E0 politica rappresentata dallo scontro tra i sostenitori del presidente del Congo Joseph Kasa-Vubu e quelli del primo ministro Patrice Lumumba, e dall'altro da una estesa serie di disordini e sommosse nella maggior parte del paese, sfociate in aperte rivolte armate e tentativi di secessione da parte di varie province in opposizione al governo centrale. Gli eventi della crisi del Congo finirono con il coinvolgere pi\u00F9 o meno direttamente diverse nazioni estere, inserendosi nell'ambito del pi\u00F9 ampio confronto mondiale tra il blocco occidentale capitanato dagli Stati Uniti d'America e quello orientale guidato dall'Unione Sovietica: il primo appoggi\u00F2 il governo centrale di L\u00E9opoldville spalleggiando Kasa-Vubu e, successivamente, il generale Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu, il secondo sostenne Lumumba e, dopo il suo assassinio nel gennaio del 1961, il suo successore Antoine Gizenga, che cerc\u00F2 di instaurare un governo parallelo a Stanleyville. L'ex potenza coloniale del Belgio sostenne con aiuti militari e invii di contingenti di mercenari europei i tentativi secessionisti delle provincie del Sud-Kasai e soprattutto del Katanga: questi tentativi trovarono la ferma opposizione delle Nazioni Unite, che sostennero la riconquista delle regioni secessioniste da parte del governo centrale tramite l'invio di una missione militare nel paese (ONUC). La caduta di Gizenga e della sua Repubblica libera del Congo nel gennaio del 1962 e la riconquista delle regioni separatiste nel febbraio del 1963 non arrest\u00F2 la crisi: Pierre Mulele e il suo movimento di ispirazione maoista diedero il via a una rivolta popolare poi estesasi a gran parte delle regioni orientali del paese, culminata con la costituzione di un nuovo governo concorrente a Stanleyville sotto e ; questo tentativo fu infine soffocato dalle truppe governative entro la fine del 1965. Lo stato di crisi, che provoc\u00F2 un totale stimato tra 100 000 e 200 000 morti in tutto il paese, viene fatto convenzionalmente cessare nel novembre del 1965 con il colpo di Stato e la presa del potere da parte del generale Mobutu, anche se disordini e conflitti continuarono anche dopo; Mobutu instaur\u00F2 un regime dittatoriale sul Congo - che venne rinominato in Zaire - fino alla sua morte nel 1997."@it . . . . "Die Kongo-Krise (oftmals auch als Kongowirren bezeichnet) war sowohl eine gewaltsame nationale Krise innerhalb der Demokratischen Republik Kongo als auch eine internationale Krise vor dem Hintergrund des Kalten Krieges, die ungef\u00E4hr von 1960 bis 1965 dauerte."@de . "Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld"@en . . . "Kongokrisen (franska: Crise congolaise) var en period av politisk omv\u00E4lvning och konflikter mellan 1960 och 1965 i Republiken Kongo (dagens Demokratiska republiken Kongo). Krisen p\u00E5b\u00F6rjades n\u00E4stan omedelbart efter att Kongo blivit sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndigt fr\u00E5n Belgien och slutade, inofficiellt, med hela landet under Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutus styre. Kongokrisen utgjordes av en serie inb\u00F6rdeskrig, och var \u00E4ven en proxykonflikt i det kalla kriget, d\u00E4r Sovjetunionen och USA visade st\u00F6d f\u00F6r motsatta fraktioner. Omkring 100 000 m\u00E4nniskor tros ha f\u00E5tt s\u00E4tta livet till under krisen."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u521A\u679C\u5371\u673A\uFF08\u6CD5\u8A9E\uFF1ACrise congolaise\uFF09\u63071960\u5E74\u52301965\u5E74\u95F4\u521A\u679C\uFF08\u5229\uFF09\uFF08\u73B0\u521A\u679C\u6C11\u4E3B\u5171\u548C\u56FD\uFF09\u7684\u653F\u6CBB\u5371\u673A\u548C\u51B2\u7A81\u3002\u5371\u673A\u5728\u521A\u679C\u8131\u79BB\u6BD4\u5229\u65F6\u72EC\u7ACB\u540E\u4FBF\u5F00\u59CB\uFF0C\u4EE5\u6574\u4E2A\u56FD\u5BB6\u7531\u8499\u535A\u6258\u00B7\u585E\u585E\u00B7\u585E\u79D1\u7EDF\u6CBB\u4E3A\u975E\u6B63\u5F0F\u7684\u7ED3\u675F\u3002\u521A\u679C\u5371\u673A\u6784\u6210\u4E00\u7CFB\u5217\u5185\u6218\uFF0C\u53C8\u56E0\u82CF\u8054\u548C\u7F8E\u56FD\u652F\u6301\u5BF9\u7ACB\u7684\u6D3E\u7CFB\uFF0C\u6210\u4E86\u51B7\u6218\u4E2D\u7684\u4EE3\u7406\u4EBA\u6218\u4E89\u3002\u5371\u673A\u671F\u95F4\u636E\u4FE1\u670910\u4E07\u4EBA\u4E27\u751F\u3002 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. . . . . "--07-05"^^ . . "Krisis Kongo (bahasa Prancis: Crise congolaise) adalah masa kebangkitan politik dan konflik di Republik Kongo (sekarang Republik Demokratik Kongo) antara 1960 dan 1965. Krisis tersebut dimulai setelah Kongo merdeka dari Belgia, dan berakhir, secara tak resmi, dengan seluruh negara tersebut berada di bawah kekuasaan Joseph-D\u00E9sir\u00E9 Mobutu. Diwarnai dengan serangkaian perang saudara, Krisis Kongo juga merupakan konflik proksi dalam Perang Dingin dimana Uni Soviet dan Amerika Serikat mendukung faksi-faksi yang berseberangan. Sekitar 100,000 orang diyakini tewas pada krisis tersebut."@in . . . . . . "\u521A\u679C\u5371\u673A\uFF08\u6CD5\u8A9E\uFF1ACrise congolaise\uFF09\u63071960\u5E74\u52301965\u5E74\u95F4\u521A\u679C\uFF08\u5229\uFF09\uFF08\u73B0\u521A\u679C\u6C11\u4E3B\u5171\u548C\u56FD\uFF09\u7684\u653F\u6CBB\u5371\u673A\u548C\u51B2\u7A81\u3002\u5371\u673A\u5728\u521A\u679C\u8131\u79BB\u6BD4\u5229\u65F6\u72EC\u7ACB\u540E\u4FBF\u5F00\u59CB\uFF0C\u4EE5\u6574\u4E2A\u56FD\u5BB6\u7531\u8499\u535A\u6258\u00B7\u585E\u585E\u00B7\u585E\u79D1\u7EDF\u6CBB\u4E3A\u975E\u6B63\u5F0F\u7684\u7ED3\u675F\u3002\u521A\u679C\u5371\u673A\u6784\u6210\u4E00\u7CFB\u5217\u5185\u6218\uFF0C\u53C8\u56E0\u82CF\u8054\u548C\u7F8E\u56FD\u652F\u6301\u5BF9\u7ACB\u7684\u6D3E\u7CFB\uFF0C\u6210\u4E86\u51B7\u6218\u4E2D\u7684\u4EE3\u7406\u4EBA\u6218\u4E89\u3002\u5371\u673A\u671F\u95F4\u636E\u4FE1\u670910\u4E07\u4EBA\u4E27\u751F\u3002 1960\u5E746\u670830\u65E5\uFF0C\u6BD4\u5C5E\u521A\u679C\u7206\u53D1\u6C11\u65CF\u4E3B\u4E49\u8FD0\u52D5\uFF0C\u8981\u6C42\u7ED3\u675F\u6B96\u6C11\u7EDF\u6CBB\uFF0C\u5F15\u9886\u56FD\u5BB6\u72EC\u7ACB\u3002\u867D\u7136\u5DF2\u7ECF\u505A\u4E86\u4E9B\u8BB8\u51C6\u5907\uFF0C\u4F46\u8BF8\u5982\u8054\u90A6\u4E3B\u4E49\u548C\u6C11\u65CF\u7B49\u95EE\u9898\u4ECD\u672A\u89E3\u51B3\u30027\u6708\u9996\u5468\uFF0C\u519B\u961F\u53DB\u53D8\uFF0C\u9ED1\u4EBA\u548C\u767D\u4EBA\u5E73\u6C11\u4E4B\u95F4\u7206\u53D1\u66B4\u529B\u4E8B\u4EF6\u3002\u6BD4\u5229\u65F6\u6D3E\u9063\u90E8\u961F\u4FDD\u62A4\u9003\u8DD1\u7684\u767D\u4EBA\uFF0C\u8BE5\u56FD\u52A0\u4E39\u52A0\u548C\u5357\u5F00\u8D5B\u5730\u533A\u8131\u79BB\u6BD4\u5229\u65F6\u5F8C\u652F\u6301\u5206\u88C2\u3002\u5728\u52A8\u4E71\u548C\u66B4\u529B\u6301\u7EED\u7684\u60C5\u5F62\u4E0B\uFF0C\u8054\u5408\u56FD\u90E8\u7F72\u7EF4\u548C\u90E8\u961F\uFF0C\u4F46\u8054\u5408\u56FD\u79D8\u4E66\u957F\u8FBE\u683C\u00B7\u54C8\u9A6C\u820D\u5C14\u5FB7\u62D2\u7EDD\u52A8\u7528\u519B\u961F\u5E2E\u52A9\u5229\u5965\u6CE2\u5FB7\u7EF4\u5C14\u4E2D\u592E\u653F\u5E9C\u6297\u51FB\u5206\u88C2\u4EFD\u5B50\u3002\u4F5C\u4E3A\u54CD\u5E94\uFF0C\u6700\u5927\u6C11\u65CF\u4E3B\u4E49\u6D3E\u7CFB\u7684\u9B45\u529B\u9886\u8896\u5E15\u7279\u91CC\u65AF\u00B7\u5362\u8499\u5DF4\u5BFB\u6C42\u82CF\u8054\u534F\u52A9\uFF0C\u82CF\u8054\u5219\u8FC5\u901F\u6D3E\u51FA\u519B\u4E8B\u987E\u95EE\u53CA\u5176\u4ED6\u652F\u6301\u3002"@zh . . . . . "A Crise do Congo (1960\u20131966) foi um per\u00EDodo de agita\u00E7\u00E3o durante o desenvolvimento da primeira Rep\u00FAblica Democr\u00E1tica do Congo, que come\u00E7ou com a independ\u00EAncia nacional contra a tutela da B\u00E9lgica, e terminou com a tomada do poder por Joseph Mobutu. A crise tomou v\u00E1rias formas, entre as quais pode-se destacar as lutas anti-coloniais, os conflitos tribais, uma guerra separatista na prov\u00EDncia de Catanga, uma interven\u00E7\u00E3o para a manuten\u00E7\u00E3o da paz das Na\u00E7\u00F5es Unidas, e quando o pa\u00EDs foi o cen\u00E1rio de disputa por influ\u00EAncia na \u00C1frica entre os EUA e a Uni\u00E3o Sovi\u00E9tica durante a Guerra Fria. A crise causou a morte de cerca de 100 mil pessoas, bem como uma derrota traum\u00E1tica para as Na\u00E7\u00F5es Unidas. A morte de duas pessoas importantes marcaram a crise: o primeiro-ministro Patrice Lumumba, assassinado em 1961, e o Secret\u00E1rio Geral da ONU, Dag Hammarskj\u00F6ld, que morreu em um acidente de avi\u00E3o."@pt . . . . . . . . . . "De Congocrisis was een periode van onrust in de Eerste Republiek Congo, vanaf de nationale onafhankelijkheid van Belgi\u00EB in 1960 tot de machtsgreep door Mobutu Sese Seko in 1965. Het begon als een antikoloniale strijd en leidde tot een oorlog met de secessionistische provincie Katanga. In een poging hun economische en politieke hegemonie in de regio te herwinnen sponsorden de Verenigde Staten en Belgi\u00EB terroristische activiteiten en geheime moorden, onder meer van de antikolonistische leider Patrice Lumumba, wat de situatie verder compliceerde en leidde tot politieke desintegratie. Op verschillende punten nam een vredesmacht van de Verenigde Naties en de Sovjet-Unie deel aan het conflict. De crisis veroorzaakte de dood van ongeveer 100.000 mensen."@nl . . "\"Independence brings changes to politicians and to civilians. But for you, nothing will be changed ... none of your new masters can change the structure of an army which, throughout its history, has been the most organized, the most victorious in Africa. The politicians have lied to you.\""@en . . . "Armed Baluba civilians"@en . .