"El Bilad Al-Sham (en \u00E1rabe \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645, literalmente \u00ABPa\u00EDs del Sham\u00BB) fue una provincia del Califato Rashidun, el Califato Omeya, el Califato abas\u00ED y el Califato fatim\u00ED ubicada en las actuales Siria, L\u00EDbano, Israel, Palestina y Jordania aproximadamente. El Califato conquist\u00F3 los antiguos territorios bizantinos de la Di\u00F3cesis de Oriente, organizados poco despu\u00E9s de la conquista musulmana del Levante a mediados del siglo VII, que se complet\u00F3 tras la decisiva batalla de Yarmuk. Aunque la provincia desapareci\u00F3 con el Califato, el nombre dado, Bilad Al-Sham, ha trascendido a lo largo de los siglos y hoy la regi\u00F3n se sigue denominando as\u00ED: Pa\u00EDs del Sham. Esta regi\u00F3n geogr\u00E1fica tambi\u00E9n se conoce como Levante mediterr\u00E1neo o simplemente como Siria (nombre que hoy en d\u00EDa se restringe al pa\u00EDs, la Rep\u00FAblica \u00C1rabe Siria, pero que antes de la colonizaci\u00F3n europea hacia referencia a toda la regi\u00F3n). La regi\u00F3n levantina cuenta numerosos lazos culturales, como el \u00E1rabe levantino o la gastronom\u00EDa siria, puesto que fue una \u00FAnica unidad pol\u00EDtica durante siglos. En tiempos m\u00E1s recientes se ha recuperado la denominaci\u00F3n de Bilad Al-Sham como reivindicaci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bilade Xame"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bilad ash-Sham"@en . . . . . "\u0628\u0650\u0644\u064E\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064E\u0651\u0627\u0645"@en . . . . . . . . . "Simple Labarum2.svg"@en . . "\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 (\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064A\u0629)"@ar . . . "Bilad al-Sham"@en . . . "656"^^ . . . . "\u6C99\u59C6\u5730\u533A\u6216\u6C99\u59C6\uFF08\u963F\u62C9\u4F2F\u8BED\uFF1A\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u200E\u6216\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u200E\uFF0C\u62C9\u4E01\u5316\uFF1ABil\u0101d-al-Sh\u0101m\u6216al-Sh\u0101m\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u963F\u62C9\u4F2F\u4E16\u754C\u5BF9\u4E8E\u5730\u4E2D\u6D77\u4E1C\u5CB8\u7684\u6574\u4E2A\u7D2F\u8303\u7279\u5730\u533A\u6216\u5927\u53D9\u5229\u4E9A\u5730\u533A\u7684\u79F0\u547C\uFF0C\u800C\u968F\u7740\u5386\u53F2\u7684\u53D1\u5C55\uFF0C\u6240\u6307\u4EA6\u6709\u6240\u4E0D\u540C\u3002\u5982\u4ECA\u963F\u62C9\u4F2F\u4EBA\u6240\u8BF4\u7684\u6C99\u59C6\u5730\u533A\u4E00\u822C\u5305\u62EC\u53D9\u5229\u4E9A\u3001\u7EA6\u65E6\u3001\u9ECE\u5DF4\u5AE9\u548C\u5DF4\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\uFF08\u5DF4\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\u56FD\uFF09\u3002"@zh . . "M."@en . . "Region"@en . . . . "Bilad el-Cham"@fr . . "Bilade Xame ou Bilade Axame (em \u00E1rabe: \u0628\u0650\u0640\u0644\u064E\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0634\u064E\u0651\u0640\u0627\u0645; romaniz.: Bil\u0101d X\u0101m ou Bil\u0101d ax-X\u0101m), cujo nome significava \"Regi\u00E3o \u00E0 esquerda\" em refer\u00EAncia ao nascer do Sol, era o territ\u00F3rio administrado sucessivamente pelos Califados Ortodoxo (632\u2013661), Om\u00EDada (661\u2013750) e Ab\u00E1ssida (750\u20131258). No in\u00EDcio do per\u00EDodo isl\u00E2mico, correspondia o que no s\u00E9culo XX, diplom\u00E1tica e politicamente, era a Grande S\u00EDria, que inclu\u00EDa as atuais S\u00EDria, L\u00EDbano, Jord\u00E2nia, Israel e Cisjord\u00E2nia e as prov\u00EDncias de Hatai, Gaziantepe e Diarbaquir, na Turquia. O seu nome ainda designava sua capital administrativa, Damasco."@pt . "Clifford Edmund Bosworth"@en . . . . . . . "Syrian"@en . . . . . "Syria"@en . . . . . . . "Al-Sh\u0101m"@en . "El Bilad Al-Sham (en \u00E1rabe \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645, literalmente \u00ABPa\u00EDs del Sham\u00BB) fue una provincia del Califato Rashidun, el Califato Omeya, el Califato abas\u00ED y el Califato fatim\u00ED ubicada en las actuales Siria, L\u00EDbano, Israel, Palestina y Jordania aproximadamente. El Califato conquist\u00F3 los antiguos territorios bizantinos de la Di\u00F3cesis de Oriente, organizados poco despu\u00E9s de la conquista musulmana del Levante a mediados del siglo VII, que se complet\u00F3 tras la decisiva batalla de Yarmuk."@es . . "636"^^ . . "Bosworth"@en . . . . . . . . "Al-Sh\u0101m \u2014 2. History To 1918"@en . "Bilad ash-Sham"@en . . . "Partition between Hamdanids and Ikhshidids"@en . . "\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062A\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062A \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649."@ar . "7"^^ . . . . . "9"^^ . . . . . "Bilad asy-Syam (bahasa Arab: \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u200E, \"negara utara\", diyakini Suriah) adalah sebuah provinsi Rashidun, dan kemudian Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah di . Ini menginkorporasikan bekas kawasan Bizantium dari , yang diorganisir tak lama setelah penaklukan Suriah oleh Muslim pada pertengahan abad ke-7, yang membulatkan Pertempuran Yarmuk. Nama Bilad asy-Sy\u0101m artinya \"tanah di utara\"; atau secara harfiah artinya \"tanah di tangan kiri\", berseberangan dengan wilayah di Hijaz yang menghadap ke timur (Yaman artinya \"tanah tangan kanan\")."@in . "1121641956"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "the Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbasid caliphates"@en . . . . . . . . . . "\u6C99\u59C6\u5730\u533A\u6216\u6C99\u59C6\uFF08\u963F\u62C9\u4F2F\u8BED\uFF1A\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u200E\u6216\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u200E\uFF0C\u62C9\u4E01\u5316\uFF1ABil\u0101d-al-Sh\u0101m\u6216al-Sh\u0101m\uFF09\uFF0C\u662F\u963F\u62C9\u4F2F\u4E16\u754C\u5BF9\u4E8E\u5730\u4E2D\u6D77\u4E1C\u5CB8\u7684\u6574\u4E2A\u7D2F\u8303\u7279\u5730\u533A\u6216\u5927\u53D9\u5229\u4E9A\u5730\u533A\u7684\u79F0\u547C\uFF0C\u800C\u968F\u7740\u5386\u53F2\u7684\u53D1\u5C55\uFF0C\u6240\u6307\u4EA6\u6709\u6240\u4E0D\u540C\u3002\u5982\u4ECA\u963F\u62C9\u4F2F\u4EBA\u6240\u8BF4\u7684\u6C99\u59C6\u5730\u533A\u4E00\u822C\u5305\u62EC\u53D9\u5229\u4E9A\u3001\u7EA6\u65E6\u3001\u9ECE\u5DF4\u5AE9\u548C\u5DF4\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\uFF08\u5DF4\u52D2\u65AF\u5766\u56FD\uFF09\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . "940.0"^^ . "Lammens"@en . . "Hamdanid dynasty"@en . . . . . . "Le terme traditionnel arabe Bilad al-Cham ou Bilad el-Chem ou Bilad al-Sham (en arabe : \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645, prononc\u00E9 \u00AB Bilad oush-Sham \u00BB) est le nom donn\u00E9 par les conqu\u00E9rants arabes au Moyen-\u00E2ge \u00E0 la Grande Syrie. Cette r\u00E9gion contenait l'\u00E9quivalent des \u00C9tats actuels de Syrie, Liban, Jordanie, Isra\u00EBl et Palestine, plus une partie du sud-est de l'actuelle Turquie. Le Bilad el-Cham n'est pas exactement synonyme de \u00AB Grande Syrie \u00BB ou de \u00AB Levant \u00BB, car la Grande Syrie a pu \u00EAtre consid\u00E9r\u00E9e comme une trop petite r\u00E9gion, et que Levant a parfois d\u00E9sign\u00E9 une r\u00E9gion plus \u00E9tendue."@fr . . . "Ikhshidid Dynasty"@en . . . . "Middle Ages"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Syria in the 9th century.svg"@en . . . . . . . . "\u6C99\u59C6\u5730\u533A"@zh . "Hinds"@en . . "ar"@en . . . . "Tulunid control"@en . "31882"^^ . . . . "Bilade Xame ou Bilade Axame (em \u00E1rabe: \u0628\u0650\u0640\u0644\u064E\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0634\u064E\u0651\u0640\u0627\u0645; romaniz.: Bil\u0101d X\u0101m ou Bil\u0101d ax-X\u0101m), cujo nome significava \"Regi\u00E3o \u00E0 esquerda\" em refer\u00EAncia ao nascer do Sol, era o territ\u00F3rio administrado sucessivamente pelos Califados Ortodoxo (632\u2013661), Om\u00EDada (661\u2013750) e Ab\u00E1ssida (750\u20131258). No in\u00EDcio do per\u00EDodo isl\u00E2mico, correspondia o que no s\u00E9culo XX, diplom\u00E1tica e politicamente, era a Grande S\u00EDria, que inclu\u00EDa as atuais S\u00EDria, L\u00EDbano, Jord\u00E2nia, Israel e Cisjord\u00E2nia e as prov\u00EDncias de Hatai, Gaziantepe e Diarbaquir, na Turquia. O seu nome ainda designava sua capital administrativa, Damasco."@pt . . . "Syria"@en . "\u0628\u0650\u0644\u064E\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064E\u0651\u0627\u0645"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Bilad al-Sham (Arabic: \u0628\u0650\u0644\u064E\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064E\u0651\u0627\u0645, romanized: Bil\u0101d al-Sh\u0101m), often referred to as Islamic Syria or simply Syria in English-language sources, was a province of the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid caliphates. It roughly corresponded with the Byzantine Diocese of the East, conquered by the Muslims in 634\u2013647. Under the Umayyads (661\u2013750) Bilad al-Sham was the metropolitan province of the Caliphate and different localities throughout the province served as the seats of the Umayyad caliphs and princes. Bilad al-Sham was first organized into the four ajnad (military districts; singular jund) of Filastin (Palestine), al-Urdunn (Jordan), Dimashq (Damascus), and Hims (Homs), between 637 and 640 by Caliph Umar following the Muslim conquest. The jund of Qinnasrin was created out of the northern part of Hims by caliphs Mu'awiya I (r. 661\u2013680) or Yazid I (r. 680\u2013683). The Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) was made an independent province from the Mesopotamian part of Qinnasrin by Caliph Abd al-Malik in 692. In 786 the jund of al-Awasim and al-Thughur were established from the northern frontier region of Qinnasrin by Caliph Harun al-Rashid. As centralized Abbasid rule over Bilad al-Sham collapsed in the 10th century, control over the region was divided by several potentates and the ajnad only represented nominal divisions. The Abbasids and the Egypt-based Fatimid Caliphate continued to officially recognize the province and its ajnad until the Crusader invasions of the coastal regions in 1099."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062A\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062A \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Henri"@en . . "Bilad al-Sham (hist\u00F3rico)"@es . . "878"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bilad asy-Syam"@in . "Syrian"@en . "Diocese of the East"@en . . . "C. E."@en . . . "Henri Lammens"@en . . . . . "262"^^ . . "Le terme traditionnel arabe Bilad al-Cham ou Bilad el-Chem ou Bilad al-Sham (en arabe : \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645, prononc\u00E9 \u00AB Bilad oush-Sham \u00BB) est le nom donn\u00E9 par les conqu\u00E9rants arabes au Moyen-\u00E2ge \u00E0 la Grande Syrie. Cette r\u00E9gion contenait l'\u00E9quivalent des \u00C9tats actuels de Syrie, Liban, Jordanie, Isra\u00EBl et Palestine, plus une partie du sud-est de l'actuelle Turquie. \u00C9tymologiquement, le terme signifie \u00AB terre de la main gauche \u00BB, en r\u00E9f\u00E9rence au fait que pour quelqu'un situ\u00E9 dans le Hijaz et faisant face \u00E0 l'est (l'ancienne \u00AB orientation \u00BB des cartes), le nord est sur la gauche (de m\u00EAme le nom Y\u00E9men signifie \u00AB terre de la main droite \u00BB). La r\u00E9gion est parfois d\u00E9finie comme la zone autrefois domin\u00E9e par Damas, qui en fut longtemps la capitale \u2014 de fait le mot el-Cham \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 correspond au nom de la ville de Damas en arabe dialectal local. Dans ce cadre, le Bilad al-Cham formait un ensemble plus ou moins homog\u00E8ne, culturellement et \u00E9conomiquement. Le Bilad el-Cham n'est pas exactement synonyme de \u00AB Grande Syrie \u00BB ou de \u00AB Levant \u00BB, car la Grande Syrie a pu \u00EAtre consid\u00E9r\u00E9e comme une trop petite r\u00E9gion, et que Levant a parfois d\u00E9sign\u00E9 une r\u00E9gion plus \u00E9tendue. Jusqu'\u00E0 la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale, ces territoires faisaient partie de l'Empire turc sous le nom de Syrie (Suriye-eli, capitale Damas). L'ensemble a ensuite \u00E9t\u00E9 divis\u00E9 par la Soci\u00E9t\u00E9 des Nations puis par l'ONU en plusieurs \u00C9tats. Au d\u00E9but du XXIe si\u00E8cle des groupes djihadistes comme Daesh ont utilis\u00E9 le nom \u00AB Bilad el-Chem \u00BB en y incluant l'Irak."@fr . "263"^^ . "261"^^ . . "600848"^^ . "Bilad al-Sham (Arabic: \u0628\u0650\u0644\u064E\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064E\u0651\u0627\u0645, romanized: Bil\u0101d al-Sh\u0101m), often referred to as Islamic Syria or simply Syria in English-language sources, was a province of the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid caliphates. It roughly corresponded with the Byzantine Diocese of the East, conquered by the Muslims in 634\u2013647. Under the Umayyads (661\u2013750) Bilad al-Sham was the metropolitan province of the Caliphate and different localities throughout the province served as the seats of the Umayyad caliphs and princes."@en . . . . . . . . . . "Mu\u02BF\u0101wiya I b. Ab\u012B Sufy\u0101n"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bilad asy-Syam (bahasa Arab: \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u200E, \"negara utara\", diyakini Suriah) adalah sebuah provinsi Rashidun, dan kemudian Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah di . Ini menginkorporasikan bekas kawasan Bizantium dari , yang diorganisir tak lama setelah penaklukan Suriah oleh Muslim pada pertengahan abad ke-7, yang membulatkan Pertempuran Yarmuk. Nama Bilad asy-Sy\u0101m artinya \"tanah di utara\"; atau secara harfiah artinya \"tanah di tangan kiri\", berseberangan dengan wilayah di Hijaz yang menghadap ke timur (Yaman artinya \"tanah tangan kanan\")."@in . . . . . . . .