@prefix rdf: . @prefix yago: . rdf:type yago:Content105809192 , yago:WikicatBuddhistPhilosophicalConcepts , yago:Cognition100023271 , yago:Concept105835747 . @prefix owl: . rdf:type owl:Thing , yago:PsychologicalFeature100023100 , yago:Abstraction100002137 , yago:Idea105833840 . @prefix rdfs: . rdfs:label "\u0410\u0432\u0438\u0434\u044C\u044F"@ru , "\u0410\u0432\u0456\u0434\u044C\u044F"@uk , "Avidya"@es , "Avidy\u0101 (Budismo)"@pt , "Avidy\u0101"@fr , "Avidy\u0101 (Buddhism)"@en , "\u7121\u660E"@ja , "Avidya"@in , "Avidya"@sv , "\u0391\u03B2\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 (\u0392\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2)"@el , "Avidya"@nl , "Avid\u017Ed\u017E\u00E1"@cs , "Awidja"@pl , "Avidy\u0101"@it , "\uBB34\uBA85 (\uBD88\uAD50)"@ko , "\u65E0\u660E"@zh ; rdfs:comment "Avidy\u0101 (Sanskrit: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E; P\u0101li: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u091C\u094D\u091C\u093E, Avijj\u0101; Tibetan phonetic: ma rigpa) in Buddhist literature is commonly translated as \"ignorance\". The concept refers to ignorance or misconceptions about the nature of metaphysical reality, in particular about the impermanence and anatta doctrines about reality. It is the root cause of Dukkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness), and asserted as the first link, in Buddhist phenomenology, of a process that leads to repeated birth. Avidy\u0101 is mentioned within the Buddhist teachings as ignorance or misunderstanding in various contexts:"@en , "Awidja (trl. Avidy\u0101) \u2013 poj\u0119cie z filozofii indyjskiej, oznaczaj\u0105ce niewystarczaj\u0105co refleksyjn\u0105 postaw\u0119 wobec rzeczywisto\u015Bci, obecne w doktrynach religii dharmicznych."@pl , "Avidya is een Sanskriet woord voor 'onwetendheid', of het waanbeeld in het tijdelijke, persoonlijke 'zelf', dat voorkomt in hindoe\u00EFstische teksten als de Upanishads. Avidya is ook een boeddhistisch concept dat in de 'vier edele waarheden' voorkomt als wanbegrip van de aard van de realiteit. De term wordt ook gebruikt in het Ja\u00EFnisme."@nl , "Avidya (sanskrit f\u00F6r \"okunnighet\") betecknar enligt hinduismen falsk kunskap som m\u00E5ste bek\u00E4mpas. Avidya omtalas i bland annat Upanishaderna. Inom buddhismen anv\u00E4nds termen f\u00F6r att referera till ignorans/okunnighet/f\u00F6rvirring. Avidya \u00E4r motsatsen till vidya. Avidya ben\u00E4mns som orsaken till dukkha och grunden till den invecklade process som startar \u00E5terf\u00F6delse (samsara)."@sv , "\u7121\u660E\uFF08\u68B5\u8A9E\uFF1AAvidy\u0101\uFF0C\u5DF4\u5229\u8A9E\uFF1Aavijj\u0101\uFF09\uFF0C\u53C8\u53EB\u505A\u65E0\u660E\u652F\uFF0C\u4F5B\u6559\u8853\u8A9E\uFF0C\u540D\u70E6\u607C\u7684\u522B\u79F0\uFF0C\u70BA\u660E\u7684\u76F8\u53CD\u8A5E\uFF1B\u4E3A\u5341\u4E8C\u56E0\u7F18\u4E4B\u9996\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4E00\u5207\u82E6\u4E4B\u6839\u672C\u3002\u56E0\u5C0D\u6CD5\u754C\u4E0D\u5982\u5B9E\u77E5\u89C1\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u9020\u4F5C\u985B\u5012\u7684\u884C\u70BA\uFF1B\u5373\u95C7\u6627\u4E8B\u7269\uFF0C\u4E0D\u901A\u8FBE\u771F\u7406\u4E0E\u4E0D\u80FD\u660E\u767D\u7406\u89E3\u4E8B\u76F8\u6216\u9053\u7406\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u72B6\u6001\u3002\u4EA6\u5373\u4E0D\u8FBE\u3001\u4E0D\u89E3\u3001\u4E0D\u4E86\uFF0C\u800C\u4EE5\u611A\u7661\u4E3A\u5176\u81EA\u76F8\u3002\u6CDB\u6307\u65E0\u667A\u6167\u3001\u611A\u7661\u3002\u4FF1\u820D\u5B97\u3001\u552F\u8BC6\u5B97\u7ACB\u65E0\u660E\u4E3A\u5FC3\u6240\uFF08\u5FC3\u7684\u4F5C\u7528\uFF09\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u5373\u79F0\u4F5C\u75F4\uFF08\u68B5\u8A9E\uFF1Amoha\uFF09\u3002 \u8AAA\u4E00\u5207\u6709\u90E8\u5C07\u5176\u5217\u5165\u5927\u7169\u60F1\u5730\u6CD5\u3002"@zh , "Avidy\u0101 (sanskrit IAST ; devan\u0101gar\u012B : \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E ; p\u0101li : avijj\u0101; chinois : w\u00FAm\u00EDng \u65E0\u660E; tib\u00E9tain : ma rig pa ; japonais : mumy\u014D \u7121\u660E), signifie \u00AB\u202Fconfusion\u202F\u00BB, \u00AB\u202Fignorance\u202F\u00BB. Dans l'hindouisme, c'est d'abord l'ignorance de sa v\u00E9ritable nature recouverte par les obscurcissements successifs de la conscience pure (le Soi) produits par le d\u00E9sir et l'attachement. Dans le bouddhisme, avidy\u0101 est la premi\u00E8re \u00E9tape de la cha\u00EEne des causes (prat\u012Btyasamutp\u0101da) de la souffrance (du\u1E25kha) et l'un des Trois poisons."@fr , "La palabra Avidya \u200B significa \u2018ignorancia\u2019.\u200B\u200B Es lo opuesto de vidya ,\u200B se usa mucho en textos de budismo e hinduismo y suele representarse por una anciana que camina a tientas, perdida, como a ciegas.\u200B"@es , "\u0410\u0432\u0438\u0301\u0434\u044C\u044F (\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E, IAST: avidy\u0101, \u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432. \u00AB\u043E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F\u00BB, \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB) \u2014 \u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043E\u043C\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F\u00BB, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0434\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043E\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430\u00BB \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u00AB\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u0442\u0438\u044F\u00BB."@ru , "\u0410\u0432\u0456\u0434\u044C\u044F (\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E, avidy\u0101 IAST, \u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432, \u00AB\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB, \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB) \u2014 \u0432 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0457 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0430\u0431\u043E \u00AB\u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043C\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u00BB, \u0449\u043E \u0454 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u044E \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443\u00BB \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0454 \u00AB\u043E\u0441\u044F\u0433\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044E \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0442\u044F\u00BB."@uk , "\u0397 \u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03C4\u03B6\u03B1 (\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C3\u03BA\u03C1. avidy\u0101 = \u00AB\u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1\u00BB, \u03B3\u03BB\u03CE\u03C3\u03C3\u03B1 \u03C0\u03AC\u03BB\u03B9 avijj\u0101) \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0392\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03CE\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B7 \u03AE \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 12 \u03B2\u03B1\u03B8\u03BC\u03AF\u03B4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03B4\u03BF\u03C7\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03BD\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 (\u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1-\u03C3\u03B1\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03C4\u03C0\u03AC\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1). \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B2\u03B1\u03B8\u03BC\u03AF\u03B4\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B3\u03BC\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03C4\u03AC \u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BE\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03BD\u03B9\u03AD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C6\u03AC\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03C5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03B5\u03C3\u03C3\u03AC\u03C1\u03C9\u03BD \u03B5\u03C5\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD \u03B1\u03BB\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD (\u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B3\u03BD\u03CE\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C6\u03B1\u03C1\u03BC\u03BF\u03B3\u03AE \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C6\u03B5\u03CD\u03B3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7 ). \u03A5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C6\u03CD\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5, \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B5\u03BC\u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03CE\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B9\u03C1\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03B1."@el , "Avid\u017Ed\u017E\u00E1 (v p\u00E1l\u00ED; v sanskrtu avidj\u00E1, \u010D\u00EDnsky w\u00FAm\u00EDng; japonsky mumj\u00F3; vietnamsky v\u00F4 minh, tibetsky ma.rig.pa) je v buddhismu ozna\u010Den\u00ED pro nev\u011Bdomost \u010Di zaslepenost, kter\u00E1 tvo\u0159\u00ED z\u00E1kladn\u00ED p\u0159\u00ED\u010Dinu utrpen\u00ED a neprosp\u011B\u0161n\u00E9ho jedn\u00E1n\u00ED a kter\u00E1 zabra\u0148uje lidem vid\u011Bt v\u011Bci v jejich prav\u00E9 podob\u011B. Je definov\u00E1na jako nedostatek intuitivn\u00EDho vhledu do \u010Cty\u0159 u\u0161lechtil\u00FDch pravd. Je synonymem klamu (m\u00F3ha) a je prvotn\u00ED p\u0159\u00ED\u010Dinou, kter\u00E1 zp\u016Fsobuje na\u0161e neust\u00E1l\u00E9 znovuzrozov\u00E1n\u00ED."@cs , "Avidy\u0101 (s\u00E2nscrito \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E; P\u0101li: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u091C\u094D\u091C\u093E, avijj\u0101; fon\u00E9tica tibetana: ma rigpa) na literatura budista \u00E9 comumente traduzido como \"ignor\u00E2ncia\". O conceito refere-se \u00E0 ignor\u00E2ncia ou equ\u00EDvocos sobre a natureza da realidade metaf\u00EDsica, em particular sobre as doutrinas da realidade de imperman\u00EAncia e do n\u00E3o-eu. \u00C9 a causa raiz da Dukkha (sofrimento, dor, insatisfa\u00E7\u00E3o), e afirmado como o primeiro elo, na fenomenologia budista, de um processo que leva ao renascimento sucessivo. Avidia \u00E9 mencionada nos ensinamentos budistas como sendo ignor\u00E2ncia ou mal-entendido em v\u00E1rios contextos:"@pt , "Avidya adalah kata dari bahasa Sanskerta yang bermakna \"kebodohan\", \"\", \"ketidaktahuan\", \"tidak mengerti\" dan segala sesuatu hal yang bertentangan dengan . Istilah ini sering dibahas dalam ajaran agama Hindu dan agama Buddha."@in , "Con il sostantivo femminile sanscrito avidy\u0101 (sanscrito, devan\u0101gar\u012B: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E; p\u0101li: Avijj\u0101; cinese: \u7121\u660E w\u00FAm\u00EDng o \u75F4 ch\u012B; cor.: mumyeong; giapp.: mumy\u014D; tibetano: ma.rig.pa, marikpa; Vietnamita: v\u00F4 minh) si indica in quella lingua l'\"ignoranza\". Nell'ambito del Buddhismo l'\"ignoranza\" \u00E8 uno dei Tre Veleni e il primo dei dodici anelli della Prat\u012Btyasamutp\u0101da. \u00C8 la causa principale della permanenza degli enti nel Sa\u1E43s\u0101ra e del dispiegarsi della Du\u1E25kha, la sofferenza, la prima delle Quattro nobili verit\u00E0."@it , "\u7121\u660E\uFF08\u3080\u307F\u3087\u3046\u3001\u68B5: avidy\u0101\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u4ECF\u6559\u7528\u8A9E\u3067\u3001\u7121\u77E5\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u771F\u7406\u306B\u6697\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3002\u6CD5\u6027\uFF08\u307B\u3063\u3057\u3087\u3046\uFF09\u306B\u5BFE\u3059\u308B\u8A00\u8449\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u3053\u306E\u6982\u5FF5\u306F\u3001\u5F62\u800C\u4E0A\u5B66\u7684\u306A\u4E16\u754C\u306E\u6027\u8CEA\u3001\u3068\u308A\u308F\u3051\u4E16\u754C\u304C\u7121\u5E38\u304A\u3088\u3073\u7121\u6211\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306E\u6559\u7FA9\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u7121\u77E5\u3092\u6307\u3059 \u3002\u7121\u660E\u306F\u82E6\u306E\u6839\u6E90\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u6700\u521D\u306E\u56E0\u7E01\u306E\u8F2A\u306B\u7D50\u3073\u3064\u304D\u3001\u7E70\u308A\u8FD4\u3059\u8EE2\u751F\u306E\u59CB\u307E\u308A\u3068\u306A\u308B\u3002 \u7121\u660E\u306F\u4ECF\u6559\u306E\u6559\u3048\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u3001\u69D8\u3005\u306A\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306E\u7121\u77E5\u30FB\u8AA4\u89E3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53D6\u308A\u4E0A\u3052\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \n* \u56DB\u8AE6\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u7121\u77E5 \n* \u5341\u4E8C\u56E0\u7E01\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u6700\u521D\u306E\u8F2A \n* \u5927\u4E57\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u4E09\u6BD2\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064 \n* \u5927\u4E57\u4ECF\u6559\u30A2\u30D3\u30C0\u30EB\u30DE\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B6\u3064\u306E\u7169\u60A9\u5FC3\u6240\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064 \n* \u4E0A\u5EA7\u90E8\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u5341\u7D50\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064 \n* \u4E0A\u5EA7\u90E8\u4ECF\u6559\u30A2\u30D3\u30C0\u30EB\u30DE\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u7661\uFF08moha\uFF09\u306B\u76F8\u5F53"@ja , "\uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E) \uB610\uB294 \uCE58(\u7661,\uC0B0\uC2A4\uD06C\uB9AC\uD2B8\uC5B4: avidy\u0101,moha,m\u016Bdha,\uD314\uB9AC\uC5B4: avijj\u0101,\uC601\uC5B4: ignorance,delusion)\uB294 \uB2E4\uC74C\uC758 \uBD84\uB958, \uADF8\uB8F9 \uB610\uB294 \uCCB4\uACC4\uC758 \uD55C \uC694\uC18C\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 3\uB3C5(\u4E09\u6BD2) \uC989 \uBD88\uC120\uADFC(\u4E0D\u5584\u6839) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC640 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C 5\uAC00\uC9C0 \uC790\uC131\uBD88\uC120(\u81EA\u6027\u4E0D\u5584) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C 6\uAC00\uC9C0 \uADFC\uBCF8\uBC88\uB1CC(\u6839\u672C\u7169\u60F1), \uC989 6\uC218\uBA74(\u516D\u96A8\u7720) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC720\uC2DD\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uD30C\uC640 \uBC95\uC0C1\uC885\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C 6\uAC00\uC9C0 \uADFC\uBCF8\uBC88\uB1CC(\u6839\u672C\u7169\u60F1) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uCD08\uAE30\uBD88\uAD50 \u00B7 \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50 \u00B7 \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 9\uACB0(\u4E5D\u7D50) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uBB34\uBA85\uACB0(\u7121\u660E\u7D50)\uC5D0 \uD574\uB2F9\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 4\uC131\uC81C(\u56DB\u8056\u8AE6)\uC758 \uAD50\uC758\uC5D0\uC11C \uC9D1\uC81C(\u96C6\u8AE6)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 12\uC5F0\uAE30(\u5341\u4E8C\u7DE3\u8D77)\uC758 \uAD50\uC758\uC5D0\uC11C \uC81C1\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC5D0 \uD574\uB2F9\uD558\uACE0, \uC81C2\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uD589(\u884C), \uC81C4\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uBA85\uC0C9(\u540D\u8272), \uC81C9\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uCDE8(\u53D6)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 5\uC628(\u4E94\u860A)\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uD589\uC628(\u884C\u860A)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 12\uCC98(\u5341\u4E8C\u8655)\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC95\uCC98(\u6CD5\u8655)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 18\uACC4(\u5341\u516B\u754C)\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC95\uACC4(\u6CD5\u754C)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 5\uC704 75\uBC95\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2EC\uC18C\uBC95(\u5FC3\u6240\u6CD5: 46\uAC00\uC9C0) \uC911 \uB300\uBC88\uB1CC\uC9C0\uBC95(\u5927\u7169\u60F1\u5730\u6CD5: 6\uAC00\uC9C0) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC720\uC2DD\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uD30C\uC640 \uBC95\uC0C1\uC885\uC758 5\uC704 100\uBC95\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2EC\uC18C\uBC95(\u5FC3\u6240\u6CD5: 51\uAC00\uC9C0) \uC911 \uBC88\uB1CC\uC2EC\uC18C(\u7169\u60F1\u5FC3\u6240: 6\uAC00\uC9C0) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4."@ko ; rdfs:seeAlso . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix dbc: . dcterms:subject dbc:Sanskrit_words_and_phrases , dbc:Ignorance , , dbc:Unwholesome_factors_in_Buddhism . @prefix dbo: . dbo:wikiPageID 4966559 ; dbo:wikiPageRevisionID 1116957308 . @prefix dbr: . dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Sanskrit , , , , , dbc:Sanskrit_words_and_phrases , dbr:Samsara , dbr:Samyutta_Nikaya , dbr:Rigveda , dbr:Wylie_transliteration , dbr:Digha_Nikaya , dbr:Pali , dbr:Dukkha , dbr:Dalai_Lama , dbr:Jaramarana , , dbc:Ignorance , dbr:Mingyur_Rinpoche , , dbr:THL_Simplified_Phonetic_Transcription , , dbr:Prefix , , dbr:Daniel_Goleman , dbr:Proto-Indo-European_language , dbr:Twelve_Nidanas , dbr:Sankhara , dbr:Romanization_of_Khmer , , , dbr:Ajahn_Sucitto , , dbc:Unwholesome_factors_in_Buddhism , dbr:Dvesha , dbr:Chogyam_Trungpa , , dbr:Anicca , , dbr:Four_Noble_Truths , dbr:Vedas , dbr:Devanagari , , dbr:Jeffrey_Hopkins , dbr:Anatta , dbr:Sunyata ; dbo:wikiPageExternalLink , , , , , , . @prefix dbpedia-et: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-et:Avidya . @prefix dbpedia-es: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-es:Avidya . @prefix dbpedia-id: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-id:Avidya , , , , , , , . @prefix ns11: . owl:sameAs ns11:Avidja , , , , , , , , . @prefix dbpedia-sv: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-sv:Avidya , , , , , , , , , . @prefix dbpedia-nl: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-nl:Avidya , . @prefix dbpedia-pl: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-pl:Awidja , , . @prefix wikidata: . owl:sameAs wikidata:Q1053923 . @prefix dbp: . dbp:si ; dbp:th ""@en , "\u0E2D\u0E27\u0E34\u0E0A\u0E0A\u0E32"@en ; dbp:vi "v\u00F4 minh"@en ; dbp:zh "\u7121\u660E"@en ; dbp:zhLatn "w\u00FA m\u00EDng"@en . @prefix dbt: . dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate dbt:Nidanas , dbt:Unsourced_section , dbt:Transl , dbt:IPA-km , dbt:RTGS , dbt:See_also , dbt:Buddhism , dbt:Buddhist_term , dbt:Quote_box , dbt:Reflist , dbt:Refn , dbt:IAST , dbt:For , dbt:Main_article , dbt:Short_description , dbt:Succession_box , dbt:ISBN , dbt:Sfn , dbt:S-start , dbt:Cite_book , dbt:S-end , dbt:Buddhism_topics , dbt:Citation_needed , dbt:Citation ; dbp:after dbr:Sankhara ; dbp:align "right"@en ; dbp:before dbr:Jaramarana ; dbp:bgcolor "#ffd068"@en ; dbp:en "ignorance, misconceptions"@en . @prefix dbd: . dbp:fontsize "100.0"^^dbd:perCent ; dbp:km "\u17A2\u179C\u17B7\u1787\u17D2\u1787\u17B6"@en , ""@en ; dbp:ko "\u7121\u660E"@en , "\uBB34\uBA85"@en ; dbp:quote "Ignorance\n\nMonks, but when there is the attitude 'I am',\nthere there is descent of the \nfive sense-faculties of eye.... body.\nMonks, there is the mind organ,\nthere are mental objects,\nthere is the element of knowledge;\nmonks, the uninstructed ordinary person,\ntouched by feeling,\nborn of stimulation by spiritual ignorance [Avijja],\nthinks 'I am'."@en ; dbp:source "\u2014Samyutta Nikaya III.46"@en ; dbp:title "Twelve Nid\u0101nas"@en , "avidy\u0101"@en ; dbp:years "Avidy\u0101"@en ; dbo:abstract "\u0410\u0432\u0438\u0301\u0434\u044C\u044F (\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E, IAST: avidy\u0101, \u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432. \u00AB\u043E\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F\u00BB, \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB) \u2014 \u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043E\u043C\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0441\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F\u00BB, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043D\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0434\u043B\u0438\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043E\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430\u00BB \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u00AB\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u0442\u0438\u044F\u00BB."@ru , "Awidja (trl. Avidy\u0101) \u2013 poj\u0119cie z filozofii indyjskiej, oznaczaj\u0105ce niewystarczaj\u0105co refleksyjn\u0105 postaw\u0119 wobec rzeczywisto\u015Bci, obecne w doktrynach religii dharmicznych."@pl , "\u7121\u660E\uFF08\u3080\u307F\u3087\u3046\u3001\u68B5: avidy\u0101\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u4ECF\u6559\u7528\u8A9E\u3067\u3001\u7121\u77E5\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u771F\u7406\u306B\u6697\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3044\u3046\u3002\u6CD5\u6027\uFF08\u307B\u3063\u3057\u3087\u3046\uFF09\u306B\u5BFE\u3059\u308B\u8A00\u8449\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u3053\u306E\u6982\u5FF5\u306F\u3001\u5F62\u800C\u4E0A\u5B66\u7684\u306A\u4E16\u754C\u306E\u6027\u8CEA\u3001\u3068\u308A\u308F\u3051\u4E16\u754C\u304C\u7121\u5E38\u304A\u3088\u3073\u7121\u6211\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306E\u6559\u7FA9\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u7121\u77E5\u3092\u6307\u3059 \u3002\u7121\u660E\u306F\u82E6\u306E\u6839\u6E90\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u6700\u521D\u306E\u56E0\u7E01\u306E\u8F2A\u306B\u7D50\u3073\u3064\u304D\u3001\u7E70\u308A\u8FD4\u3059\u8EE2\u751F\u306E\u59CB\u307E\u308A\u3068\u306A\u308B\u3002 \u7121\u660E\u306F\u4ECF\u6559\u306E\u6559\u3048\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u3001\u69D8\u3005\u306A\u6587\u8108\u3067\u306E\u7121\u77E5\u30FB\u8AA4\u89E3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53D6\u308A\u4E0A\u3052\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \n* \u56DB\u8AE6\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306E\u7121\u77E5 \n* \u5341\u4E8C\u56E0\u7E01\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u6700\u521D\u306E\u8F2A \n* \u5927\u4E57\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u4E09\u6BD2\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064 \n* \u5927\u4E57\u4ECF\u6559\u30A2\u30D3\u30C0\u30EB\u30DE\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B6\u3064\u306E\u7169\u60A9\u5FC3\u6240\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064 \n* \u4E0A\u5EA7\u90E8\u4ECF\u6559\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u5341\u7D50\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064 \n* \u4E0A\u5EA7\u90E8\u4ECF\u6559\u30A2\u30D3\u30C0\u30EB\u30DE\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u7661\uFF08moha\uFF09\u306B\u76F8\u5F53"@ja , "Avidya is een Sanskriet woord voor 'onwetendheid', of het waanbeeld in het tijdelijke, persoonlijke 'zelf', dat voorkomt in hindoe\u00EFstische teksten als de Upanishads. Avidya is ook een boeddhistisch concept dat in de 'vier edele waarheden' voorkomt als wanbegrip van de aard van de realiteit. De term wordt ook gebruikt in het Ja\u00EFnisme."@nl , "Avidy\u0101 (Sanskrit: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E; P\u0101li: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u091C\u094D\u091C\u093E, Avijj\u0101; Tibetan phonetic: ma rigpa) in Buddhist literature is commonly translated as \"ignorance\". The concept refers to ignorance or misconceptions about the nature of metaphysical reality, in particular about the impermanence and anatta doctrines about reality. It is the root cause of Dukkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness), and asserted as the first link, in Buddhist phenomenology, of a process that leads to repeated birth. Avidy\u0101 is mentioned within the Buddhist teachings as ignorance or misunderstanding in various contexts: \n* Four Noble Truths \n* The first link in the twelve links of dependent origination \n* One of the three poisons within the Mahayana Buddhist tradition \n* One of the six root kleshas within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings \n* One of the ten fetters in the Theravada tradition \n* Equivalent to moha within the Theravada Abhidharma teachings Within the context of the twelve links of dependent origination, avidya is typically symbolized by a person who is blind or wearing a blindfold."@en , "\u7121\u660E\uFF08\u68B5\u8A9E\uFF1AAvidy\u0101\uFF0C\u5DF4\u5229\u8A9E\uFF1Aavijj\u0101\uFF09\uFF0C\u53C8\u53EB\u505A\u65E0\u660E\u652F\uFF0C\u4F5B\u6559\u8853\u8A9E\uFF0C\u540D\u70E6\u607C\u7684\u522B\u79F0\uFF0C\u70BA\u660E\u7684\u76F8\u53CD\u8A5E\uFF1B\u4E3A\u5341\u4E8C\u56E0\u7F18\u4E4B\u9996\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4E00\u5207\u82E6\u4E4B\u6839\u672C\u3002\u56E0\u5C0D\u6CD5\u754C\u4E0D\u5982\u5B9E\u77E5\u89C1\uFF0C\u6240\u4EE5\u9020\u4F5C\u985B\u5012\u7684\u884C\u70BA\uFF1B\u5373\u95C7\u6627\u4E8B\u7269\uFF0C\u4E0D\u901A\u8FBE\u771F\u7406\u4E0E\u4E0D\u80FD\u660E\u767D\u7406\u89E3\u4E8B\u76F8\u6216\u9053\u7406\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u72B6\u6001\u3002\u4EA6\u5373\u4E0D\u8FBE\u3001\u4E0D\u89E3\u3001\u4E0D\u4E86\uFF0C\u800C\u4EE5\u611A\u7661\u4E3A\u5176\u81EA\u76F8\u3002\u6CDB\u6307\u65E0\u667A\u6167\u3001\u611A\u7661\u3002\u4FF1\u820D\u5B97\u3001\u552F\u8BC6\u5B97\u7ACB\u65E0\u660E\u4E3A\u5FC3\u6240\uFF08\u5FC3\u7684\u4F5C\u7528\uFF09\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u5373\u79F0\u4F5C\u75F4\uFF08\u68B5\u8A9E\uFF1Amoha\uFF09\u3002 \u8AAA\u4E00\u5207\u6709\u90E8\u5C07\u5176\u5217\u5165\u5927\u7169\u60F1\u5730\u6CD5\u3002"@zh , "Avidy\u0101 (sanskrit IAST ; devan\u0101gar\u012B : \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E ; p\u0101li : avijj\u0101; chinois : w\u00FAm\u00EDng \u65E0\u660E; tib\u00E9tain : ma rig pa ; japonais : mumy\u014D \u7121\u660E), signifie \u00AB\u202Fconfusion\u202F\u00BB, \u00AB\u202Fignorance\u202F\u00BB. Dans l'hindouisme, c'est d'abord l'ignorance de sa v\u00E9ritable nature recouverte par les obscurcissements successifs de la conscience pure (le Soi) produits par le d\u00E9sir et l'attachement. Dans le bouddhisme, avidy\u0101 est la premi\u00E8re \u00E9tape de la cha\u00EEne des causes (prat\u012Btyasamutp\u0101da) de la souffrance (du\u1E25kha) et l'un des Trois poisons."@fr , "La palabra Avidya \u200B significa \u2018ignorancia\u2019.\u200B\u200B Es lo opuesto de vidya ,\u200B se usa mucho en textos de budismo e hinduismo y suele representarse por una anciana que camina a tientas, perdida, como a ciegas.\u200B"@es , "Avidya (sanskrit f\u00F6r \"okunnighet\") betecknar enligt hinduismen falsk kunskap som m\u00E5ste bek\u00E4mpas. Avidya omtalas i bland annat Upanishaderna. Inom buddhismen anv\u00E4nds termen f\u00F6r att referera till ignorans/okunnighet/f\u00F6rvirring. Avidya \u00E4r motsatsen till vidya. Avidya ben\u00E4mns som orsaken till dukkha och grunden till den invecklade process som startar \u00E5terf\u00F6delse (samsara)."@sv , "\u0397 \u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03C4\u03B6\u03B1 (\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD\u03C3\u03BA\u03C1. avidy\u0101 = \u00AB\u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1\u00BB, \u03B3\u03BB\u03CE\u03C3\u03C3\u03B1 \u03C0\u03AC\u03BB\u03B9 avijj\u0101) \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0392\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03CE\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B7 \u03AE \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 12 \u03B2\u03B1\u03B8\u03BC\u03AF\u03B4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03B4\u03BF\u03C7\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03BD\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 (\u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1-\u03C3\u03B1\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03C4\u03C0\u03AC\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1). \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B2\u03B1\u03B8\u03BC\u03AF\u03B4\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B3\u03BC\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03C4\u03AC \u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BE\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03BD\u03B9\u03AD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C6\u03AC\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03C5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03B5\u03C3\u03C3\u03AC\u03C1\u03C9\u03BD \u03B5\u03C5\u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD \u03B1\u03BB\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD (\u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B3\u03BD\u03CE\u03C3\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C6\u03B1\u03C1\u03BC\u03BF\u03B3\u03AE \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C6\u03B5\u03CD\u03B3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7 ). \u03A5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C6\u03CD\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5, \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B5\u03BC\u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03CE\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BD\u03B9\u03C1\u03B2\u03AC\u03BD\u03B1. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03BB\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD \u03BF\u03C6\u03B5\u03AF\u03BB\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B2\u03AC\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1 (klisas) \u03AE \u03BF\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03B8\u03CD\u03BC\u03B7\u03C4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C1\u03BF\u03C0\u03AD\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03C1\u03AC\u03BE\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2, \u03CC\u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF \u03BC\u03AF\u03C3\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B7 \u03C0\u03BB\u03B5\u03BF\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03AF\u03B1, \u03B7 \u03B1\u03BB\u03B1\u03B6\u03BF\u03BD\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1-\u03BA\u03BF\u03BC\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2, \u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C6\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03BF\u03BA\u03BD\u03B7\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1. \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03B1\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03B2\u03CE\u03C2 \u03B7 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03B4\u03BF\u03C5\u03BB\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03AC\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B5\u03BC\u03C8\u03CD\u03C7\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7. \u0397 \u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BC\u03C6\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03B2\u03B1\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B8\u03AD\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BB\u03B1\u03AF\u03C3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BF \u03B4\u03BF\u03B3\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C7\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C6\u03CD\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B2\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03B4\u03CC\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2. \u03A4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03B4\u03CC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03C4\u03AC \u03AE \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BC\u03AC\u03BD, \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C5\u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03BE\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u00AB\u03B5\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u00BB. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03B2\u03AF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AD\u03C7\u03BF\u03C5\u03BC\u03B5 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C7\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B5\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03BC\u03B1\u03C2, \u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B2\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03C5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9. \u03A4\u03BF \u03B4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03B4\u03CC\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C9\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03BA\u03B1, \u03BC\u03B5 \u03AC\u03B3\u03BD\u03BF\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AE \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C7\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u00AB\u03BC\u03BF\u03BD\u03B9\u03BC\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u00BB, \u03B5\u03BD\u03CE \u03B7 \u03C6\u03CD\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B2\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C3\u03C9\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C0\u03AC\u03BD\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD."@el , "\uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E) \uB610\uB294 \uCE58(\u7661,\uC0B0\uC2A4\uD06C\uB9AC\uD2B8\uC5B4: avidy\u0101,moha,m\u016Bdha,\uD314\uB9AC\uC5B4: avijj\u0101,\uC601\uC5B4: ignorance,delusion)\uB294 \uB2E4\uC74C\uC758 \uBD84\uB958, \uADF8\uB8F9 \uB610\uB294 \uCCB4\uACC4\uC758 \uD55C \uC694\uC18C\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 3\uB3C5(\u4E09\u6BD2) \uC989 \uBD88\uC120\uADFC(\u4E0D\u5584\u6839) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC640 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C 5\uAC00\uC9C0 \uC790\uC131\uBD88\uC120(\u81EA\u6027\u4E0D\u5584) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C 6\uAC00\uC9C0 \uADFC\uBCF8\uBC88\uB1CC(\u6839\u672C\u7169\u60F1), \uC989 6\uC218\uBA74(\u516D\u96A8\u7720) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC720\uC2DD\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uD30C\uC640 \uBC95\uC0C1\uC885\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C 6\uAC00\uC9C0 \uADFC\uBCF8\uBC88\uB1CC(\u6839\u672C\u7169\u60F1) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uCD08\uAE30\uBD88\uAD50 \u00B7 \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50 \u00B7 \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 9\uACB0(\u4E5D\u7D50) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uBB34\uBA85\uACB0(\u7121\u660E\u7D50)\uC5D0 \uD574\uB2F9\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 4\uC131\uC81C(\u56DB\u8056\u8AE6)\uC758 \uAD50\uC758\uC5D0\uC11C \uC9D1\uC81C(\u96C6\u8AE6)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 12\uC5F0\uAE30(\u5341\u4E8C\u7DE3\u8D77)\uC758 \uAD50\uC758\uC5D0\uC11C \uC81C1\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC5D0 \uD574\uB2F9\uD558\uACE0, \uC81C2\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uD589(\u884C), \uC81C4\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uBA85\uC0C9(\u540D\u8272), \uC81C9\uC9C0\uBD84\uC778 \uCDE8(\u53D6)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 5\uC628(\u4E94\u860A)\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uD589\uC628(\u884C\u860A)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 12\uCC98(\u5341\u4E8C\u8655)\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC95\uCC98(\u6CD5\u8655)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC124\uD55C 18\uACC4(\u5341\u516B\u754C)\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC95\uACC4(\u6CD5\u754C)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD55C\uB2E4. \n* \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 5\uC704 75\uBC95\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2EC\uC18C\uBC95(\u5FC3\u6240\u6CD5: 46\uAC00\uC9C0) \uC911 \uB300\uBC88\uB1CC\uC9C0\uBC95(\u5927\u7169\u60F1\u5730\u6CD5: 6\uAC00\uC9C0) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \n* \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC720\uC2DD\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uD30C\uC640 \uBC95\uC0C1\uC885\uC758 5\uC704 100\uBC95\uC758 \uBC95\uCCB4\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2EC\uC18C\uBC95(\u5FC3\u6240\u6CD5: 51\uAC00\uC9C0) \uC911 \uBC88\uB1CC\uC2EC\uC18C(\u7169\u60F1\u5FC3\u6240: 6\uAC00\uC9C0) \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC740 \uC5B4\uB9AC\uC11D\uC74C, \uC5B4\uB460, \uB9C9\uD798, \uBBF8\uD639(\u8FF7\u60D1), \uCE58(\u7661), \uC554(\u95C7), \uC7A5(\u969C), \uBBF8(\u8FF7), \uC6B0\uCE58(\u611A\u7661), \uBB34\uC9C0(\u7121\u77E5), \uBB34\uC9C0(\u7121\u667A) \uB610\uB294 \uBB34\uD604(\u7121\u986F)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC774\uB4E4 \uC911 \uBBF8\uD639(\u8FF7\u60D1)\uC758 \uC77C\uBC18 \uC0AC\uC804\uC801\uC778 \uC758\uBBF8\uB294 '\uBB34\uC5C7\uC5D0 \uD640\uB824 \uC815\uC2E0\uC744 \uCC28\uB9AC\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD568' \uB610\uB294 '\uC815\uC2E0\uC774 \uD5F7\uAC08\uB9AC\uC5B4 \uAC08\uD321\uC9C8\uD321 \uD5E4\uB9F4'\uC778\uB370, \uBD88\uAD50 \uC0AC\uC804\uB4E4\uC5D0\uC11C\uC758 \uC815\uC758\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74 \uBBF8(\u8FF7)\uB294 \uC0AC(\u4E8B)\uC640 \uC774(\u7406)\uC5D0\uC11C \uC798\uBABB\uC774 \uC788\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uB9D0\uD558\uACE0, \uD639(\u60D1)\uC740 \uC0AC(\u4E8B)\uC640 \uC774(\u7406)\uC5D0 \uBC1D\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD55C \uAC83\uC744 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \u300A\uC7A1\uC544\uD569\uACBD\u300B \uC81C13\uAD8C \uC81C334\uACBD\u3008\uC720\uC778\uC720\uC5F0\uC720\uBC15\uBC95\uACBD(\u6709\u56E0\u6709\u7DE3\u6709\u7E1B\u6CD5\u7D93)\u3009\uC5D0\uC11C,\uACE0\uD0C0\uB9C8 \uBD93\uB2E4\uB294 \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC774\uB780, \uADFC(\u6839) \u00B7 \uACBD(\u5883) \u00B7 \uC2DD(\u8B58)\uC758 \uD654\uD569\uC774 \uC77C\uC5B4\uB0A0 \uB54C \uC774\uC804\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC313\uC740 \uC5FC\uC624(\u67D3\u6C61)\uD55C \uC5C5(\u696D)\uC73C\uB85C \uC778\uD574 \uD574\uB2F9 \uACBD(\u5883)\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uBD80\uC815\uC0AC\uC720(\u4E0D\u6B63\u601D\u60DF, \u90AA\u601D\u60DF: \uBC14\uB974\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC740 \uC0AC\uC720, \uBC14\uB974\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC740 \uC0DD\uAC01, 8\uC815\uB3C4\uC758 \uC815\uC0AC\uC720\uC758 \uBC18\uB300)\uAC00 \uC77C\uC5B4\uB098\uBA70 \uC774 \uBD80\uC815\uC0AC\uC720\uB85C \uC778\uD574 [\uD574\uB2F9 \uACBD(\u5883)\uACFC \uADF8 \uC774\uCE58\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C, \uC989 \uC0AC(\u4E8B)\uC640 \uC774(\u7406)\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C] \uCE58(\u7661) \uC989 \uC5B4\uB9AC\uC11D\uC74C\uC774 \uC77C\uC5B4\uB098\uB294\uB370 \uC774 \uC5B4\uB9AC\uC11D\uC74C\uC774 \uACE7 \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uB9D0\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. (\uC544\uB798 \uCC38\uC870) \uBD80\uD30C\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC124\uC77C\uCCB4\uC720\uBD80\uC758 \uAD50\uD559\uC744 \uBE44\uD310\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC9D1\uB300\uC131\uD55C \uC138\uCE5C\uC758 \u300A\uAD6C\uC0AC\uB860\u300B\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74, \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E) \uB610\uB294 \uCE58(\u7661)\uB294 \uB9C8\uC74C(6\uC2DD, \uC989 \uC2EC\uC655, \uC989 \uC2EC\uBC95)\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uC5EC\uAE08 \uC5B4\uB9AC\uC11D\uAC8C \uD558\uB294 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC791\uC6A9\uC73C\uB85C, \uC6B0\uCE58(\u611A\u7661: \uC5B4\uB9AC\uC11D\uC74C), \uBB34\uC9C0(\u7121\u667A) \uB610\uB294 \uBB34\uD604(\u7121\u986F)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uBB34\uC9C0(\u7121\u667A)\uB294 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC774 \uC0AC(\u4E8B: \uC0AC\uBB3C, \uD604\uC0C1)\uC640 \uC774(\u7406: \uC774\uCE58, \uBCF8\uC9C8)\uB97C \uBC1D\uAC8C \uACB0\uD0DD(\u6C7A\u64C7: \uC633\uACE0 \uADF8\uB984\uC744 \uD310\uB2E8\uD558\uC5EC \uACB0\uC815\uD568)\uD560 \uC218 \uC5C6\uB294 \uC0C1\uD0DC\uB97C \uB9D0\uD558\uACE0, \uBB34\uD604(\u7121\u986F)\uC740 \uC0AC(\u4E8B: \uC0AC\uBB3C, \uD604\uC0C1)\uC640 \uC774(\u7406: \uC774\uCE58, \uBCF8\uC9C8)\uAC00 \uC740\uD3D0\uB418\uC5B4 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC5D0 \uBC1D\uAC8C \uB4DC\uB7EC\uB098 \uC54C\uB824\uC9C0\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC740 \uC0C1\uD0DC\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uB300\uC2B9\uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uC720\uC2DD\uC720\uAC00\uD589\uD30C\uC640 \uBC95\uC0C1\uC885\uC758 \uC8FC\uC694 \uB17C\uC11C\uC778 \uD638\uBC95 \uB4F1\uC758 \u300A\uC131\uC720\uC2DD\uB860\u300B\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74, \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E) \uB610\uB294 \uCE58(\u7661)\uB294 \uB9C8\uC74C(8\uC2DD, \uC989 \uC2EC\uC655, \uC989 \uC2EC\uBC95)\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uC5EC\uAE08 \uC628\uAC16 \uC774(\u7406: \uC774\uCE58, \uBCF8\uC9C8)\uC640 \uC0AC(\u4E8B: \uC0AC\uBB3C, \uD604\uC0C1)\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uBBF8\uD639[\u8FF7]\uD558\uACE0 \uC5B4\uB450\uC6CC[\u95C7]\uC9C0\uAC8C \uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uBCF8\uC9C8\uC801 \uC131\uC9C8[\u6027]\uB85C \uD558\uB294 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC791\uC6A9\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB9AC\uACE0, \uCE58(\u7661)\uC758 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC791\uC6A9\uC740 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uBCF8\uC9C8\uC801 \uC131\uC9C8\uC744 \uBC14\uD0D5\uC73C\uB85C \uB9C8\uC74C\uC774 \uBB34\uCE58(\u7121\u7661: \uC5B4\uB9AC\uC11D\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC74C, \uC9C0\uD61C\uB85C\uC6C0)\uC758 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC791\uC6A9\uACFC \uC0C1\uC751\uD558\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uC7A5\uC560\uD568\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uB9C8\uC74C\uC73C\uB85C \uD558\uC5EC\uAE08 \uC628\uAC16 \uC7A1\uC5FC(\u96DC\u67D3: \uADFC\uBCF8\uBC88\uB1CC\uC640 \uC218\uBC88\uB1CC, \uC989 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uBC88\uB1CC)\uACFC \uC0C1\uC751\uD558\uAC8C \uD558\uB294 \uBC1C\uB3D9\uADFC\uAC70[\u6240\u4F9D]\uAC00 \uB418\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uADF8 \uBCF8\uC9C8\uC801 \uC791\uC6A9[\u696D]\uC73C\uB85C \uD55C\uB2E4. \uD604\uB300 \uD559\uC790\uC758 \uACAC\uD574\uB4E4 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74, \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC740 \uC0B0\uC2A4\uD06C\uB9AC\uD2B8\uC5B4 \uC544\uBE44\uB4DC\uC57C(avidy\u0101)\uC640 \uBAA8\uD558(moha)\uC758 \uBC88\uC5ED\uC5B4\uB85C\uC11C \uBA85\uC9C0(\u660E\u77E5, vidy\u0101)\uAC00 \uC5C6\uB294 \uAC83, \uC989 \uC774[\u7406: \uC9C4\uC2E4\uD55C \uB3C4\uB9AC]\uB97C \uAE68\uCE58\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD558\uACE0 \uC0AC[\u4E8B: \uC0AC\uBB3C]\uC5D0 \uD1B5\uB2EC\uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD55C \uC0C1\uD0DC\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uBB34\uBA85(\u7121\u660E)\uC774 12\uC5F0\uAE30(\u5341\u4E8C\u7DE3\u8D77)\uC758 \uC81C1\uC9C0\uBD84\uC744 \uC774\uB8E8\uACE0 \uC788\uB294 \uAC83\uC5D0\uC11C \uBCF4\uB4EF\uC774, \uBD88\uAD50\uC758 \uAC00\uB974\uCE68\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74, \uBB34\uBA85\uC740 \uBBF8\uD639\uB41C \uC874\uC7AC\uAC00 \uACAA\uB294 \uAD34\uB85C\uC6C0[\u82E6]\uC758 \uADFC\uBCF8\uC73C\uB85C \uC774\uD574\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uCD94\uAD6C\uD558\uB294 \uB300\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uCC44\uC6CC\uC9C0\uC9C0 \uC54A\uC740 \uBD88\uB9CC\uC871(\u4E0D\u6EFF\u8DB3)\uC758 \uBAA8\uC2B5\uC73C\uB85C \uB098\uD0C0\uB098\uAE30 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uAC08\uC560(\u6E34\u611B) \uC989 \uD0D0\uC695(\u8CAA\u6B32) \uB610\uB294 \uC9D1\uCC29(\u57F7\u8457, \u57F7\u7740)\uACFC \uD45C\uB9AC\uC758 \uAD00\uACC4\uB97C \uC774\uB8E8\uB294 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC774\uD574\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko , "Con il sostantivo femminile sanscrito avidy\u0101 (sanscrito, devan\u0101gar\u012B: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E; p\u0101li: Avijj\u0101; cinese: \u7121\u660E w\u00FAm\u00EDng o \u75F4 ch\u012B; cor.: mumyeong; giapp.: mumy\u014D; tibetano: ma.rig.pa, marikpa; Vietnamita: v\u00F4 minh) si indica in quella lingua l'\"ignoranza\". Nell'ambito del Buddhismo l'\"ignoranza\" \u00E8 uno dei Tre Veleni e il primo dei dodici anelli della Prat\u012Btyasamutp\u0101da. \u00C8 la causa principale della permanenza degli enti nel Sa\u1E43s\u0101ra e del dispiegarsi della Du\u1E25kha, la sofferenza, la prima delle Quattro nobili verit\u00E0. L'ignoranza implica un continuo processo di auto-inganno sui princ\u00ECpi di realt\u00E0 dei fenomeni: il non rendersi conto che la cupidigia e l'odio, gli altri due veleni, sono fonte di dolore comporta l'accettazione dell'inganno come \"normalit\u00E0\".L'ignoranza ha sei aspetti, dispiegandosi in tutti e sei gli organi di senso, come descritti nel , il quinto anello della Prat\u012Btyasamutp\u0101da. Per sradicare l'ignoranza occorre sviluppare la \"saggezza\" (Praj\u00F1\u0101). Questa si consegue praticando la presenza mentale (Sm\u1E5Bti), lo sforzo paziente e la meditazione (Dhy\u0101na), ciascuna delle quali si esercita nel percorre il Nobile Ottuplice Sentiero e sviluppando le P\u0101ramit\u0101."@it , "Avid\u017Ed\u017E\u00E1 (v p\u00E1l\u00ED; v sanskrtu avidj\u00E1, \u010D\u00EDnsky w\u00FAm\u00EDng; japonsky mumj\u00F3; vietnamsky v\u00F4 minh, tibetsky ma.rig.pa) je v buddhismu ozna\u010Den\u00ED pro nev\u011Bdomost \u010Di zaslepenost, kter\u00E1 tvo\u0159\u00ED z\u00E1kladn\u00ED p\u0159\u00ED\u010Dinu utrpen\u00ED a neprosp\u011B\u0161n\u00E9ho jedn\u00E1n\u00ED a kter\u00E1 zabra\u0148uje lidem vid\u011Bt v\u011Bci v jejich prav\u00E9 podob\u011B. Je definov\u00E1na jako nedostatek intuitivn\u00EDho vhledu do \u010Cty\u0159 u\u0161lechtil\u00FDch pravd. Je synonymem klamu (m\u00F3ha) a je prvotn\u00ED p\u0159\u00ED\u010Dinou, kter\u00E1 zp\u016Fsobuje na\u0161e neust\u00E1l\u00E9 znovuzrozov\u00E1n\u00ED. Nev\u011Bdomost se projevuje t\u00EDm, \u017Ee lid\u00E9 vn\u00EDmaj\u00ED pom\u00EDjiv\u00E9 jako trval\u00E9, neuspokojiv\u00E9 jako uspokojuj\u00EDc\u00ED, \u201Ene-j\u00E1\u201C jako \u201Ej\u00E1\u201C a odpudiv\u00E9 jako p\u0159ita\u017Eliv\u00E9. Tyto praz\u00E1kladn\u00ED \u010Dty\u0159i formy zaslepenosti se p\u0159itom projevuj\u00ED na t\u0159ech z\u00E1kladn\u00EDch \u00FArovn\u00EDch, a to jako deformace vn\u00EDm\u00E1n\u00ED (sa\u0148\u0148\u00E1-vipall\u00E1sa), jako chybn\u00E9 zp\u016Fsoby my\u0161len\u00ED (\u010Ditta-vipall\u00E1sa) a v podob\u011B chybn\u00FDch n\u00E1zor\u016F (ditthi-vipall\u00E1sa). 1. \n* Avid\u017Ed\u017E\u00E1 je jednou ze t\u0159\u00ED ne\u010Distot. 2. \n* Avid\u017Ed\u017E\u00E1 je prvn\u00EDm \u010Dl\u00E1nkem v \u0159et\u011Bzu podm\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00E9ho vznik\u00E1n\u00ED. 3. \n* Avid\u017Ed\u017E\u00E1 tvo\u0159\u00ED prvn\u00ED \u010Dl\u00E1nek Kola \u017Eivota."@cs , "Avidya adalah kata dari bahasa Sanskerta yang bermakna \"kebodohan\", \"\", \"ketidaktahuan\", \"tidak mengerti\" dan segala sesuatu hal yang bertentangan dengan . Istilah ini sering dibahas dalam ajaran agama Hindu dan agama Buddha."@in , "\u0410\u0432\u0456\u0434\u044C\u044F (\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0440. \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E, avidy\u0101 IAST, \u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432, \u00AB\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u0442\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB, \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u00BB) \u2014 \u0432 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0457 \u2014 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0430\u0431\u043E \u00AB\u0432\u0438\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043C\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u00BB, \u0449\u043E \u0454 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u044E \u00AB\u043D\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0442\u044F \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443\u00BB \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0434\u0456\u0454 \u00AB\u043E\u0441\u044F\u0433\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044E \u0441\u0443\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0442\u044F\u00BB."@uk , "Avidy\u0101 (s\u00E2nscrito \u0905\u0935\u093F\u0926\u094D\u092F\u093E; P\u0101li: \u0905\u0935\u093F\u091C\u094D\u091C\u093E, avijj\u0101; fon\u00E9tica tibetana: ma rigpa) na literatura budista \u00E9 comumente traduzido como \"ignor\u00E2ncia\". O conceito refere-se \u00E0 ignor\u00E2ncia ou equ\u00EDvocos sobre a natureza da realidade metaf\u00EDsica, em particular sobre as doutrinas da realidade de imperman\u00EAncia e do n\u00E3o-eu. \u00C9 a causa raiz da Dukkha (sofrimento, dor, insatisfa\u00E7\u00E3o), e afirmado como o primeiro elo, na fenomenologia budista, de um processo que leva ao renascimento sucessivo. Avidia \u00E9 mencionada nos ensinamentos budistas como sendo ignor\u00E2ncia ou mal-entendido em v\u00E1rios contextos: \n* \n* O primeiro elo dos doze elos da origina\u00E7\u00E3o dependente \n* Um dos tr\u00EAs venenos da tradi\u00E7\u00E3o budista Mahayana \n* Um dos seis kleshas-raiz dos ensinamentos Mahayana Abhidharma \n* Um dos dez grilh\u00F5es da tradi\u00E7\u00E3o Theravada \n* Equivalente a moha dentro dos ensinamentos Theravada Abhidharma"@pt ; dbp:bo "\u0F58\u0F0B\u0F62\u0F72\u0F42\u0F0B\u0F54"@en ; dbp:boLatn "Wylie: ma rig pa;"@en , "THL: ma rigpa"@en ; dbp:ja ""@en , "\u7121\u660E"@en ; dbp:koLatn "mu myeong"@en ; dbp:my "\u1021\u101D\u102D\u1007\u1039\u1007\u102C"@en ; dbp:myLatn "\u0259we\u026A\u0294z\u00E0"@en ; dbp:pi "avijj\u0101"@en ; dbp:sa "avidy\u0101"@en . @prefix prov: . prov:wasDerivedFrom . @prefix xsd: . dbo:wikiPageLength "18690"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger . @prefix foaf: . foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf .