. . "Se denomina \u00E1ngulo de incidencia (o punto de incidencia) al punto de reflexi\u00F3n donde se ubica la normal de luz sobre alg\u00FAn objeto reflectivo c\u00F3ncavo o convexo. Un espejo convexo es un espejo de forma esf\u00E9rica y se pueden observar im\u00E1genes a la inversa. En el caso de las superficies planas el \u00E1ngulo incidente es igual al \u00E1ngulo reflejado, y su punto de referencia es la recta normal. \n* Datos: Q1196575"@es . "\u5165\u5C04\u89D2"@zh . "Infallsvinkel"@sv . . "L'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia \u00E9s l'angle amb qu\u00E8 una ona electromagn\u00E8tica penetra en una superf\u00EDcie, ja sigui reflectant o refractant. Aquest angle es calcula a partir de la perpendicular amb el pla on incideix l'ona (\u00E9s a dir, la normal). En una superf\u00EDcie reflectant plana, l'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia \u00E9s el mateix que l'angle de reflexi\u00F3. En canvi, en una superf\u00EDcie refractant, l'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia ser\u00E0 diferent a l'angle de refracci\u00F3, degut a la difer\u00E8ncia entre els \u00EDndexs de refracci\u00F3 dels dos medis (per exemple, entre aire i vidre). Segons la llei de Snell, l'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia es pot calcular sabent l'angle de refracci\u00F3 i els \u00EDndexs de refracci\u00F3."@ca . "Einfallswinkel"@de . . . "\u00C2ngulo de incid\u00EAncia \u00E9 uma medida de desvio de um \u00E2ngulo formado entre o feixe de luz que incide sobre o objeto e a normal; a normal \u00E9 um segmento que forma com a superf\u00EDcie com um \u00E2ngulo de 90\u00BA, por exemplo: \n* na abordagem de um raio de uma superf\u00EDcie; \n* o \u00E2ngulo no qual a asa ou cauda horizontal de um avi\u00E3o \u00E9 instalado na fuselagem, medido em rela\u00E7\u00E3o ao eixo da fuselagem."@pt . . . . . "AngleofIncidence"@en . . . . . . "\u5165\u5C04\u89D2\u5728\u5E7E\u4F55\u5149\u5B78\u4E2D\u662F\u66F2\u9762\u4E0A\u7684\u5165\u5C04\u5149\u7DDA\u8207\u5165\u5C04\u9EDE\u8655\u5782\u76F4\u65BC\u66F2\u9762\u7684\u5782\u7DDA\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\uFF0C\u8A72\u5782\u7DDA\u7A31\u70BA\u8868\u9762\u6CD5\u7DDA\u3002\u5C04\u7DDA\u53EF\u4EE5\u7531\u4EFB\u4F55\u6CE2\u5F62\u6210\uFF1A\u5149\u5B78\u3001\u8072\u5B78\u3001\u5FAE\u6CE2\u3001X\u5C04\u7DDA\u7B49\u7B49\u3002\u5728\u4E0B\u5716\u4E2D\uFF0C\u8868\u793A\u5149\u7DDA\u7684\u5C04\u7DDA\u8207\u6CD5\u7DDA\uFF08\u865B\u7DDA\uFF09\u5F62\u6210\u89D2\u5EA6\u03B8\u3002\u5149\u7DDA\u9996\u6B21\u5B8C\u5168\u5167\u90E8\u53CD\u5C04\u6642\u7684\u5165\u5C04\u89D2\u7A31\u70BA\u81E8\u754C\u89D2\u3002\u53CD\u5C04\u89D2\u548C\u6298\u5C04\u89D2\u662F\u8207\u5149\u675F\u76F8\u95DC\u7684\u5176\u4ED6\u89D2\u5EA6\u3002 \u5728\u96FB\u8166\u5716\u5F62\u548C\u5730\u7406\u5B78\u4E2D\uFF0C\u5165\u5C04\u89D2\u4E5F\u7A31\u70BA\u5177\u6709\u5149\u6E90\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7167\u660E\u89D2\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u592A\u967D\u76F8\u5C0D\u65BC\u5730\u7403\u7684\u8868\u9762\u3002\u5B83\u4E5F\u53EF\u4EE5\u7B49\u6548\u5730\u63CF\u8FF0\u70BA\u4EFB\u4F55\u5E73\u9762\u7684\u5207\u5E73\u9762\u8207\u53E6\u4E00\u500B\u8207\u5149\u7DDA\u6210\u76F4\u89D2\u7684\u5E73\u9762\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\u3002\u9019\u610F\u5473\u8457\uFF0C\u5982\u679C\u592A\u967D\u5728\u6B63\u4E0A\u65B9\uFF0C\u8A72\u9EDE\u7684\u7167\u660E\u89D2\u70BA0\u00B0\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u5728\u65E5\u843D\u6216\u65E5\u51FA\u6642\u662F90\u00B0\u3002 \u78BA\u5B9A\u76F8\u5C0D\u65BC\u5E73\u9762\u7684\u53CD\u5C04\u89D2\u5F88\u7C21\u55AE\uFF0C\u4F46\u8A08\u7B97\u4EFB\u4F55\u5176\u5B83\u8868\u9762\u90FD\u6703\u56F0\u96E3\u5F97\u591A\u3002\u7403\u9AD4\u7684\u7CBE\u78BA\u89E3\uFF08\u5728\u5929\u6587\u5B78\u548C\u96FB\u8166\u5716\u5F62\u4E2D\u5177\u6709\u91CD\u8981\u61C9\u7528\uFF09\u5728\u4E2D\u8A0E\u8AD6\u3002"@zh . "Angolo d'incidenza (ottica)"@it . . . . "Se denomina \u00E1ngulo de incidencia (o punto de incidencia) al punto de reflexi\u00F3n donde se ubica la normal de luz sobre alg\u00FAn objeto reflectivo c\u00F3ncavo o convexo. Un espejo convexo es un espejo de forma esf\u00E9rica y se pueden observar im\u00E1genes a la inversa. En el caso de las superficies planas el \u00E1ngulo incidente es igual al \u00E1ngulo reflejado, y su punto de referencia es la recta normal. \n* Datos: Q1196575"@es . . "\uC785\uC0AC\uAC01"@ko . . . . "Angle d'incidence (optique)"@fr . . "Infallsvinkeln eller ovanligt incidensvinkel \u00E4r vinkeln mellan en inkommande str\u00E5le och normalen till den yta den tr\u00E4ffar. I Fig. 1 representerar den r\u00F6da pilen en str\u00E5le som bildar en vinkel mot normalen (streckade linjen)."@sv . . . . "The angle of incidence, in geometric optics, is the angle between a ray incident on a surface and the line perpendicular (at 90 degree angle) to the surface at the point of incidence, called the normal. The ray can be formed by any waves, such as optical, acoustic, microwave, and X-ray. In the figure below, the line representing a ray makes an angle \u03B8 with the normal (dotted line). The angle of incidence at which light is first totally internally reflected is known as the critical angle. The angle of reflection and angle of refraction are other angles related to beams."@en . "\u00C2ngulo de incid\u00EAncia"@pt . "L'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia \u00E9s l'angle amb qu\u00E8 una ona electromagn\u00E8tica penetra en una superf\u00EDcie, ja sigui reflectant o refractant. Aquest angle es calcula a partir de la perpendicular amb el pla on incideix l'ona (\u00E9s a dir, la normal). En una superf\u00EDcie reflectant plana, l'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia \u00E9s el mateix que l'angle de reflexi\u00F3. En canvi, en una superf\u00EDcie refractant, l'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia ser\u00E0 diferent a l'angle de refracci\u00F3, degut a la difer\u00E8ncia entre els \u00EDndexs de refracci\u00F3 dels dos medis (per exemple, entre aire i vidre). Segons la llei de Snell, l'angle d'incid\u00E8ncia es pot calcular sabent l'angle de refracci\u00F3 i els \u00EDndexs de refracci\u00F3."@ca . "Als Einfallswinkel (seltener auch Inzidenzwinkel) bezeichnet man den Winkel, in dem Energie in Form elektromagnetischer Strahlung oder Materie in Form von Teilchenstrahlung oder Erdbebenwellen auf ein definiertes Hindernis treffen. Der Begriff wird je nach Wissenschaft oder Situation unterschiedlich verwendet: 1. \n* Im Alltag bezeichnet er den Winkel zwischen einem Lichtstrahl und dem Horizont. Er hat bei der Sonne durch den Wechsel der Jahreszeiten entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Erw\u00E4rmung der Erdoberfl\u00E4che. W\u00E4hrend die Sonne in Europa zu Mittag im Sommer 60\u201365\u00B0 \u00FCber dem Horizont steht und mit etwa 700 Watt/m\u00B2 herabstrahlt, sind es im Winter 13\u201318\u00B0 und nur 200 Watt/m\u00B2. 2. \n* In der Strahlenoptik bezeichnet der Einfallswinkel die Erg\u00E4nzung des Winkels zwischen Strahl und Horizont auf 90\u00B0. Wenn ein Strahl eine optische Grenzfl\u00E4che durchl\u00E4uft, ist sein Einfallswinkel jener zum Lot auf diese Fl\u00E4che. Der Ausfallswinkel definiert sich auf gleiche Art \u2013 nach Durchlaufen der Trennfl\u00E4che. Ist das zweite Medium dichter (etwa beim Strahlverlauf Luft-Linse), wird er kleiner (Brechung zum Lot). Ist das zweite Medium optisch d\u00FCnner (Linse-Luft), wird er vom Lot gebrochen. Der Brechungsindex n ist das Sinus-Verh\u00E4ltnis dieser zwei Winkel (Snelliussches Brechungsgesetz). Im Bild sind die zwei Winkel \u03B41 und \u03B42 etwa 30\u00B0 und 10\u00B0. Daraus erg\u00E4be sich n = 2,8 \u2013 also etwas mehr als beim Diamanten. Bei Luft-Glas w\u00E4re das Verh\u00E4ltnis etwa 1,5 : 1. 3. \n* In der Geologie bezeichnet der Einfallswinkel (auch Fallwinkel) den Winkel, in der eine Gesteinsschicht die Horizontale schneidet. Der Einfallswinkel ist immer zwischen 0\u00B0 und 90\u00B0. 4. \n* In der Seismologie und der Seismik bezeichnet der hier oft auch Inzidenzwinkel genannte Einfallswinkel den Winkel zwischen der Einfallrichtung einer Welle und der Senkrechten auf der Oberfl\u00E4che der Erde oder einer Grenzfl\u00E4che im Erdinneren. F\u00FCr kleine Winkel kommt die Welle fast direkt von unten bzw. oben, f\u00FCr Winkel nahe 90\u00B0 kommt die Welle daher nahezu von der Seite."@de . "\u041A\u0443\u0442 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F (\u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430)"@uk . . "\u00C1ngulo de incidencia"@es . . "K\u0105t padania \u2013 k\u0105t okre\u015Blaj\u0105cy kierunek ruchu obiektu wzgl\u0119dem powierzchni, do kt\u00F3rej ten obiekt dociera. Obiektem mo\u017Ce by\u0107 promieniowanie, strumie\u0144 cz\u0105stek lub pojedyncze cia\u0142o. W zale\u017Cno\u015Bci od kontekstu k\u0105t jest definiowany na dwa r\u00F3\u017Cne sposoby, jako:"@pl . . "\u5165\u5C04\u89D2\u5728\u5E7E\u4F55\u5149\u5B78\u4E2D\u662F\u66F2\u9762\u4E0A\u7684\u5165\u5C04\u5149\u7DDA\u8207\u5165\u5C04\u9EDE\u8655\u5782\u76F4\u65BC\u66F2\u9762\u7684\u5782\u7DDA\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\uFF0C\u8A72\u5782\u7DDA\u7A31\u70BA\u8868\u9762\u6CD5\u7DDA\u3002\u5C04\u7DDA\u53EF\u4EE5\u7531\u4EFB\u4F55\u6CE2\u5F62\u6210\uFF1A\u5149\u5B78\u3001\u8072\u5B78\u3001\u5FAE\u6CE2\u3001X\u5C04\u7DDA\u7B49\u7B49\u3002\u5728\u4E0B\u5716\u4E2D\uFF0C\u8868\u793A\u5149\u7DDA\u7684\u5C04\u7DDA\u8207\u6CD5\u7DDA\uFF08\u865B\u7DDA\uFF09\u5F62\u6210\u89D2\u5EA6\u03B8\u3002\u5149\u7DDA\u9996\u6B21\u5B8C\u5168\u5167\u90E8\u53CD\u5C04\u6642\u7684\u5165\u5C04\u89D2\u7A31\u70BA\u81E8\u754C\u89D2\u3002\u53CD\u5C04\u89D2\u548C\u6298\u5C04\u89D2\u662F\u8207\u5149\u675F\u76F8\u95DC\u7684\u5176\u4ED6\u89D2\u5EA6\u3002 \u5728\u96FB\u8166\u5716\u5F62\u548C\u5730\u7406\u5B78\u4E2D\uFF0C\u5165\u5C04\u89D2\u4E5F\u7A31\u70BA\u5177\u6709\u5149\u6E90\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7167\u660E\u89D2\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u592A\u967D\u76F8\u5C0D\u65BC\u5730\u7403\u7684\u8868\u9762\u3002\u5B83\u4E5F\u53EF\u4EE5\u7B49\u6548\u5730\u63CF\u8FF0\u70BA\u4EFB\u4F55\u5E73\u9762\u7684\u5207\u5E73\u9762\u8207\u53E6\u4E00\u500B\u8207\u5149\u7DDA\u6210\u76F4\u89D2\u7684\u5E73\u9762\u4E4B\u9593\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\u3002\u9019\u610F\u5473\u8457\uFF0C\u5982\u679C\u592A\u967D\u5728\u6B63\u4E0A\u65B9\uFF0C\u8A72\u9EDE\u7684\u7167\u660E\u89D2\u70BA0\u00B0\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u5728\u65E5\u843D\u6216\u65E5\u51FA\u6642\u662F90\u00B0\u3002 \u78BA\u5B9A\u76F8\u5C0D\u65BC\u5E73\u9762\u7684\u53CD\u5C04\u89D2\u5F88\u7C21\u55AE\uFF0C\u4F46\u8A08\u7B97\u4EFB\u4F55\u5176\u5B83\u8868\u9762\u90FD\u6703\u56F0\u96E3\u5F97\u591A\u3002\u7403\u9AD4\u7684\u7CBE\u78BA\u89E3\uFF08\u5728\u5929\u6587\u5B78\u548C\u96FB\u8166\u5716\u5F62\u4E2D\u5177\u6709\u91CD\u8981\u61C9\u7528\uFF09\u5728\u4E2D\u8A0E\u8AD6\u3002"@zh . . . . "In ottica \u00E8 chiamato angolo d'incidenza di un raggio luminoso rispetto ad una superficie l'angolo piano formato dal raggio stesso con la normale alla superficie. Possibili comportamenti dei raggi a seconda dell'angolo di incidenza, indicato con \u03B81. La legge di Snell regola il comportamento del raggio luminoso, in particolare si verifica una rifrazione con parziale riflessione se l'angolo d'incidenza \u00E8 minore dell'angolo critico o una riflessione interna totale se l'angolo d'incidenza \u00E8 maggiore dell'angolo critico."@it . . . "3441"^^ . . "\uC785\uC0AC\uAC01\uC740 \uC785\uC0AC \uACBD\uACC4\uBA74\uC758 \uC218\uC9C1 \uBC95\uC120\uC5D0\uC11C \uCE21\uC815\uD55C \uAC01\uC774\uBA70 \uAD74\uC808\uAC01\uB3C4 \uAC19\uC740 \uAE30\uC900 \uCD95\uC5D0\uC11C \uCE21\uC815\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . "Angle of incidence (optics)"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "L\u2019angle d\u2019incidence en optique et plus g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement en m\u00E9canique ondulatoire est l'angle entre la direction de propagation de l'onde incidente et la normale au dioptre ou \u00E0 l'interface consid\u00E9r\u00E9e. Le rayonnement incident peut \u00EAtre par exemple de type lumineux, acoustique, sismique, X, etc. Cet angle intervient notamment dans les lois de Snell-Descartes et les lois de la r\u00E9flexion, mais aussi dans de nombreuses formules et lois de l'\u00E9lectromagn\u00E9tisme. Par exemple, le d\u00E9phasage d'une onde lors de la r\u00E9flexion sur une surface d\u00E9pend de son angle d'incidence et l'angle de d\u00E9viation se calcule par rapport \u00E0 l'angle d'incidence. De mani\u00E8re plus g\u00E9n\u00E9rale, les coefficients de Fresnel sont d\u00E9pendants enti\u00E8rement de l'angle d'incidence : . O\u00F9 n1 et n2 sont les indices de r\u00E9fraction des milieux, \u03B8i l'angle d'incidence, \u03B8t l'angle de l'onde transmise. r et t sont les coefficients de r\u00E9flexion et de transmission respectivement. En optique g\u00E9om\u00E9trique, l'angle d'incidence se d\u00E9finit entre un \u00AB rayon incident \u00BB et la normale \u00E0 la surface, le plan contenant le rayon et la normale \u00E9tant nomm\u00E9 \u00AB plan d'incidence \u00BB."@fr . "\u0412 \u0433\u0435\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043C, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u044E, \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043E\u044E, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u043A\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0440\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0434\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043B\u044E. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043D\u044C \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044C-\u044F\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0435\u044E: \u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E, \u0430\u043A\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E, \u043C\u0456\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0445\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E, \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0442\u043E\u0449\u043E. \u041D\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u044E\u043D\u043A\u0443 \u043D\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u044F, \u0449\u043E \u0437\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043D\u044C, \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u0454 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u03B8 \u0437 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043B\u044E (\u043F\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u044F). \u041A\u0443\u0442 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0437\u0430 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043B\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0454 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F, \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043A\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043C. \u041A\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044F \u0456 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u043E\u043C\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u2014 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0456 \u043A\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0456 \u0437 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E \u043F\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u0454 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C, \u0430\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0439\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044C-\u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0435. \u0422\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0435 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438 (\u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F'\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456) \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043E\u044E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043C\u043E\u044E, \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043D\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0430 1991 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443."@uk . . "K\u0105t padania \u2013 k\u0105t okre\u015Blaj\u0105cy kierunek ruchu obiektu wzgl\u0119dem powierzchni, do kt\u00F3rej ten obiekt dociera. Obiektem mo\u017Ce by\u0107 promieniowanie, strumie\u0144 cz\u0105stek lub pojedyncze cia\u0142o. W zale\u017Cno\u015Bci od kontekstu k\u0105t jest definiowany na dwa r\u00F3\u017Cne sposoby, jako: 1. \n* K\u0105t pomi\u0119dzy kierunkiem ruchu obiektu padaj\u0105cego na powierzchni\u0119 a normaln\u0105 do tej powierzchni w punkcie padania. K\u0105t ten zawiera si\u0119 w granicach 0\u00F70,5\u03C0 rad (0\u00F790\u00B0). 2. \n* K\u0105t pomi\u0119dzy kierunkiem ruchu obiektu padaj\u0105cego na powierzchni\u0119 a sam\u0105 powierzchni\u0105. K\u0105t ten zawiera si\u0119 r\u00F3wnie\u017C w granicach 0\u00F70,5\u03C0 i jest k\u0105tem dope\u0142niaj\u0105cym do pierwszego."@pl . . . . "Infallsvinkeln eller ovanligt incidensvinkel \u00E4r vinkeln mellan en inkommande str\u00E5le och normalen till den yta den tr\u00E4ffar. I Fig. 1 representerar den r\u00F6da pilen en str\u00E5le som bildar en vinkel mot normalen (streckade linjen)."@sv . . . "K\u0105t padania"@pl . "The angle of incidence, in geometric optics, is the angle between a ray incident on a surface and the line perpendicular (at 90 degree angle) to the surface at the point of incidence, called the normal. The ray can be formed by any waves, such as optical, acoustic, microwave, and X-ray. In the figure below, the line representing a ray makes an angle \u03B8 with the normal (dotted line). The angle of incidence at which light is first totally internally reflected is known as the critical angle. The angle of reflection and angle of refraction are other angles related to beams. In computer graphics and geography, the angle of incidence is also known as the illumination angle of a surface with a light source, such as the Earth's surface and the Sun. It can also be equivalently described as the angle between the tangent plane of the surface and another plane at right angles to the light rays. This means that the illumination angle of a certain point on Earth's surface is 0\u00B0 if the Sun is precisely overhead and that it is 90\u00B0 at sunset or sunrise. Determining the angle of reflection with respect to a planar surface is trivial, but the computation for almost any other surface is significantly more difficult."@en . . . . . . "48934192"^^ . "In ottica \u00E8 chiamato angolo d'incidenza di un raggio luminoso rispetto ad una superficie l'angolo piano formato dal raggio stesso con la normale alla superficie. Possibili comportamenti dei raggi a seconda dell'angolo di incidenza, indicato con \u03B81. La legge di Snell regola il comportamento del raggio luminoso, in particolare si verifica una rifrazione con parziale riflessione se l'angolo d'incidenza \u00E8 minore dell'angolo critico o una riflessione interna totale se l'angolo d'incidenza \u00E8 maggiore dell'angolo critico."@it . "\uC785\uC0AC\uAC01\uC740 \uC785\uC0AC \uACBD\uACC4\uBA74\uC758 \uC218\uC9C1 \uBC95\uC120\uC5D0\uC11C \uCE21\uC815\uD55C \uAC01\uC774\uBA70 \uAD74\uC808\uAC01\uB3C4 \uAC19\uC740 \uAE30\uC900 \uCD95\uC5D0\uC11C \uCE21\uC815\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "\u00C2ngulo de incid\u00EAncia \u00E9 uma medida de desvio de um \u00E2ngulo formado entre o feixe de luz que incide sobre o objeto e a normal; a normal \u00E9 um segmento que forma com a superf\u00EDcie com um \u00E2ngulo de 90\u00BA, por exemplo: \n* na abordagem de um raio de uma superf\u00EDcie; \n* o \u00E2ngulo no qual a asa ou cauda horizontal de um avi\u00E3o \u00E9 instalado na fuselagem, medido em rela\u00E7\u00E3o ao eixo da fuselagem."@pt . . . . . "Angle d'incid\u00E8ncia"@ca . "L\u2019angle d\u2019incidence en optique et plus g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement en m\u00E9canique ondulatoire est l'angle entre la direction de propagation de l'onde incidente et la normale au dioptre ou \u00E0 l'interface consid\u00E9r\u00E9e. Le rayonnement incident peut \u00EAtre par exemple de type lumineux, acoustique, sismique, X, etc. . O\u00F9 n1 et n2 sont les indices de r\u00E9fraction des milieux, \u03B8i l'angle d'incidence, \u03B8t l'angle de l'onde transmise. r et t sont les coefficients de r\u00E9flexion et de transmission respectivement."@fr . . . . . "Angle of incidence"@en . "1118292422"^^ . . . "Als Einfallswinkel (seltener auch Inzidenzwinkel) bezeichnet man den Winkel, in dem Energie in Form elektromagnetischer Strahlung oder Materie in Form von Teilchenstrahlung oder Erdbebenwellen auf ein definiertes Hindernis treffen. Der Begriff wird je nach Wissenschaft oder Situation unterschiedlich verwendet:"@de . "\u0412 \u0433\u0435\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043C, \u0449\u043E \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u044E, \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043E\u044E, \u043F\u0435\u0440\u043F\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0438\u043A\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0440\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0434\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0456 \u0432 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043B\u044E. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043D\u044C \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0443\u0434\u044C-\u044F\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0435\u044E: \u043E\u043F\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E, \u0430\u043A\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E, \u043C\u0456\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0445\u0432\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E, \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0442\u043E\u0449\u043E. \u041D\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u043B\u044E\u043D\u043A\u0443 \u043D\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0435 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u044F, \u0449\u043E \u0437\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043D\u044C, \u0443\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u044E\u0454 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u03B8 \u0437 \u043D\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043B\u044E (\u043F\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u044F). \u041A\u0443\u0442 \u043F\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0437\u0430 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043B\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0454 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F, \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043C \u043A\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043C. \u041A\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044F \u0456 \u043A\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u043E\u043C\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u2014 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0456 \u043A\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0456 \u0437 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043C\u0438."@uk .