"The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian Revolution or the Algerian War of Independence, and sometimes in Algeria as the War of 1 November, was fought between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (French: Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale \u2013 FLN) from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare and war crimes. The conflict also became a civil war between the different communities and within the communities. The war took place mainly on the territory of Algeria, with repercussions in metropolitan France."@en . . . . "~1,500,000 total Algerian deaths"@en . . . . . . . "* French Fourth Republic"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "FAF"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "--07-10"^^ . . . . "Jean Crepin"@en . . . . . . "(1961\u201362)" . "Ferhat Abbas"@en . . . . . . . "*140,000 to 152,863 FLN soldiers killed (including 12,000 internal purges and 4,300 Algerians from the FLN and MNA killed in metropolitan France)" . . "\u0410\u043B\u0436\u0438\u0301\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 (\u0444\u0440. Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie, \u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431. \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E, \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0435\u0440. 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"The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian Revolution or the Algerian War of Independence, and sometimes in Algeria as the War of 1 November, was fought between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (French: Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale \u2013 FLN) from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria winning its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare and war crimes. The conflict also became a civil war between the different communities and within the communities. The war took place mainly on the territory of Algeria, with repercussions in metropolitan France. Effectively started by members of the National Liberation Front (FLN) on 1 November 1954, during the Toussaint Rouge (\"Red All Saints' Day\"), the conflict led to serious political crises in France, causing the fall of the Fourth Republic (1946\u201358), to be replaced by the Fifth Republic with a strengthened presidency. The brutality of the methods employed by the French forces failed to win hearts and minds in Algeria, alienated support in metropolitan France, and discredited French prestige abroad. As the war dragged on, the French public slowly turned against it and many of France's key allies, including the United States, switched from supporting France to abstaining in the UN debate on Algeria. After major demonstrations in Algiers and several other cities in favor of independence (1960) and a United Nations resolution recognizing the right to independence, Charles de Gaulle, the first president of the Fifth Republic, decided to open a series of negotiations with the FLN. These concluded with the signing of the \u00C9vian Accords in March 1962. A referendum took place on 8 April 1962 and the French electorate approved the \u00C9vian Accords. The final result was 91% in favor of the ratification of this agreement and on 1 July, the Accords were subject to a second referendum in Algeria, where 99.72% voted for independence and just 0.28% against. The planned French withdrawal led to a state crisis. This included various assassination attempts on de Gaulle as well as some attempts at military coups. Most of the former were carried out by the Organisation arm\u00E9e secr\u00E8te (OAS), an underground organization formed mainly from French military personnel supporting a French Algeria, which committed a large number of bombings and murders both in Algeria and in the homeland to stop the planned independence. The war caused the deaths of between 300,000 and 1,500,000 Algerians, 25,600 French soldiers, and 6,000 Europeans. commited during the war included massacres of civilians, rape, and torture; the French destroyed over 8,000 villages and relocated over 2 million Algerians to concentration camps. Upon independence in 1962, 900,000 European-Algerians (Pieds-noirs) fled to France within a few months in fear of the FLN's revenge. The French government was unprepared to receive such a vast number of refugees, which caused turmoil in France. The majority of Algerian Muslims who had worked for the French were disarmed and left behind, as the agreement between French and Algerian authorities declared that no actions could be taken against them. However, the Harkis in particular, having served as auxiliaries with the French army, were regarded as traitors and many were murdered by the FLN or by lynch mobs, often after being abducted and tortured. About 90,000 managed to flee to France, some with help from their French officers acting against orders, and today they and their descendants form a significant part of the Algerian-French population."@en . . "(1958-62)" . . . . "Abane Ramdane"@en . . . . "Algerian independence" . "La guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie, aussi connue sous les appellations \u00E9v\u00E9nements d'Alg\u00E9rie, r\u00E9volution alg\u00E9rienne, guerre d'ind\u00E9pendance alg\u00E9rienne et guerre de lib\u00E9ration nationale, est un conflit arm\u00E9 qui se d\u00E9roule de 1954 \u00E0 1962 en Alg\u00E9rie fran\u00E7aise, colonie fran\u00E7aise \u00E0 partir de 1830, divis\u00E9e en d\u00E9partements en 1848. L'aboutissement est la reconnaissance de l'ind\u00E9pendance du territoire le 5 juillet 1962. En tant que guerre d'ind\u00E9pendance et de d\u00E9colonisation, elle oppose des nationalistes alg\u00E9riens, principalement r\u00E9unis sous la banni\u00E8re du Front de lib\u00E9ration nationale (FLN), \u00E0 la France. Elle est \u00E0 la fois un double conflit militaire et diplomatique et aussi une double guerre civile, entre les communaut\u00E9s d'une part et \u00E0 l'int\u00E9rieur des communaut\u00E9s d'autre part. Elle a lieu principalement sur le territoire de l'Alg\u00E9rie fran\u00E7aise, avec \u00E9galement des r\u00E9percussions en France m\u00E9tropolitaine. Elle entra\u00EEne de graves crises politiques en France, avec pour cons\u00E9quences le retour au pouvoir de Charles de Gaulle et la chute de la Quatri\u00E8me R\u00E9publique, remplac\u00E9e par la Cinqui\u00E8me R\u00E9publique. Apr\u00E8s avoir donn\u00E9 du temps \u00E0 l'arm\u00E9e fran\u00E7aise pour lutter contre l'Arm\u00E9e de lib\u00E9ration nationale (ALN) en utilisant tous les moyens \u00E0 sa disposition, de Gaulle penche finalement pour l'autod\u00E9termination en tant que seule issue possible au conflit, ce qui conduit une partie de l'arm\u00E9e fran\u00E7aise \u00E0 se rebeller et entrer en opposition ouverte avec le pouvoir. Cette r\u00E9bellion est rapidement mat\u00E9e. La guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie pr\u00E9sente un bilan lourd, et les m\u00E9thodes employ\u00E9es durant la guerre par les deux camps (torture, r\u00E9pression de la population civile) furent controvers\u00E9es. Plus de 250 000 Alg\u00E9riens sont tu\u00E9s dans cette guerre (dont plus de 140 000 combattants, ou membres du FLN), et jusqu'\u00E0 2 000 000 envoy\u00E9s dans des camps de regroupements (sur une population de 10 000 000 de personnes). Pr\u00E8s de 25 600 militaires fran\u00E7ais sont morts et 65 000 bless\u00E9s. Les victimes civiles d'origine europ\u00E9enne d\u00E9passent les 10 000, dans 42 000 incidents violents enregistr\u00E9s. Le conflit d\u00E9bouche, apr\u00E8s les accords d'\u00C9vian du 18 mars 1962, sur l'ind\u00E9pendance de l'Alg\u00E9rie le 3 juillet suivant, et pr\u00E9cipite l'exode des habitants d'origine europ\u00E9enne, dits Pieds-Noirs et des Juifs, ainsi que le massacre de pr\u00E8s de 50 000 harkis."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Algerian independence\n\n* Military stalemate\n* FLN political victory\n* \u00C9vian Accords\n* End of the French Colonial Empire\n* Collapse of the Fourth French Republic\n* Establishment of the Fifth Republic"@en . "22"^^ . . . . . "20"^^ . . . . "A Guerra de Independ\u00EAncia Argelina, tamb\u00E9m conhecida como Revolu\u00E7\u00E3o Argelina ou Guerra da Arg\u00E9lia (em \u00E1rabe: \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E Ath-Thawra Al-Jaz\u0101\u2019iriyya; em franc\u00EAs: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), foi um movimento de liberta\u00E7\u00E3o nacional da Arg\u00E9lia do dom\u00EDnio franc\u00EAs, que tomou curso entre 1954 e 1962. Como uma guerra de independ\u00EAncia e de descoloniza\u00E7\u00E3o, op\u00F4s os nacionalistas argelinos - principalmente unidos sob a bandeira da Frente de Liberta\u00E7\u00E3o Nacional (FLN) - \u00E0 Fran\u00E7a e seus colonos (chamados de pieds-noirs, \u201Cp\u00E9s negros\u201D em franc\u00EAs). Ocorre principalmente no territ\u00F3rio argelino - com repercuss\u00F5es tamb\u00E9m na Fran\u00E7a metropolitana - e est\u00E1 inserida no movimento de descoloniza\u00E7\u00E3o do continente africano."@pt . "3000"^^ . . "*Unknown wounded" . . . "Jacques Massu"@en . . "20"^^ . . . . "La al\u011Deria sendependeca milito a\u016D Al\u011Deri-milito estis milito de al\u011Derianoj por liberi\u011Do disde Francio. Al\u011Derio i\u011Dis franca kolonio ekde la jaro 1830. La milito disvolvi\u011Dis ekde 1954 \u011Dis 1962. La\u016D la vidpunkto, oni anka\u016D foje nomas \u011Din al\u011Deria revolucio. \u011Cis 1997, \u011Di estis oficiale nomata la al\u011Deriaj eventoj de la franca estraro. Je la al\u011Deria flanko batalis la F.L.N. (Fronto por la Liberigo de Al\u011Derio), kiun komence subtenis nur malmultaj al\u011Derianoj (poste la plejmultaj) kaj kelkaj maldekstraj politikuloj francaj. Pro la elekto de terorismo temis \u0109efe pri tempo de perforto kontra\u016D la popolo kaj de lukto kontra\u016D la franca administracio. Ne temas do pri milito inter du suverenaj \u015Dtatoj, \u0109ar Algerio iame konsistis el francaj departementoj."@eo . . . . . "more than 90,000Harkis" . "Algerietrevolten, (arabiska: \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629; franska: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), var en konflikt mellan Frankrike och algeriska sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighetsr\u00F6relser fr\u00E5n 1954 till 1962, vilket ledde till Algeriet fick sin sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighet fr\u00E5n Frankrike. Det var ett viktigt sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighetskrig, en komplicerad konflikt som k\u00E4nnetecknades av gerillakrig, maquis, terrorism mot civila, tortyranv\u00E4ndning av b\u00E5da sidor och franska arm\u00E9ns f\u00F6rsvar av kolonialism. Konflikten var ocks\u00E5 ett inb\u00F6rdeskrig mellan regeringstrogna algeriska muslimer som trodde p\u00E5 ett franskt Algeriet och deras upproriska algeriska motsvarigheter. Konflikten startades av medlemmar av Nationella befrielsefronten (FLN) den 1 november 1954 under (\"R\u00F6d Alla helgons dag\"), och skakade Fj\u00E4rde franska republikens (1946-1958) fundament och ledde till dess slutliga kollaps."@sv . . . . "OAS" . . . "La guerra d'Alg\u00E8ria (1954-1962) va ser una guerra de descolonitzaci\u00F3. Quan encara la Quarta Rep\u00FAblica Francesa estava sotragada pel trauma de la guerra d'Indoxina va seguir, sense soluci\u00F3 de continu\u00EFtat, un nou malson a Alg\u00E8ria: va ser la guerra de descolonitzaci\u00F3 m\u00E9s despietada, que es va perllongar durant vuit anys (1954-1962). Aquest pa\u00EDs era la possessi\u00F3 m\u00E9s antiga de Fran\u00E7a, i s'hi havia dut a terme un proc\u00E9s real de colonitzaci\u00F3, no solament econ\u00F2mic, sin\u00F3 tamb\u00E9 hum\u00E0: el 1956 vivien al pa\u00EDs un mili\u00F3 de colons europeus (coneguts com a pied-noirs, i que eren sobretot francesos, espanyols i maltesos), sobre una poblaci\u00F3 total de 8.700.000 algerians musulmans. A m\u00E9s, era la col\u00F2nia m\u00E9s propera a Fran\u00E7a, estava situada a l'altra banda del Mediterrani, i compartia fins i tot una similitud "@ca . . "Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie"@fr . . . . . . . "* 100 dead\n* 2,000 jailed"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Edmond Jouhaud"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "*French Fourth Republic" . "Pierre Lagaillarde"@en . . . . . . . . . "300000"^^ . . . . "Frantz Fanon"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "De Algerijnse Oorlog (Arabisch: \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629 l-thawra Al-Jazaa'iriyya; Frans: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), ook bekend als de Algerijnse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog of de Algerijnse Revolutie, was een oorlog tussen Frankrijk en Algerijnse onafhankelijkheidsbewegingen van 1954 tot 1962, waarna Algerije onafhankelijk werd van Frankrijk. Deze oorlog was een belangrijke dekolonisatieoorlog en werd gekenmerkt als een complex gevecht met guerrilla, terrorisme tegen burgers, het gebruik van martelingen en counterterrorisme van het Franse leger. Dit conflict was ook een burgeroorlog tussen loyalistische Algerijnen die geloofden in een Frans-Algerije en opstandige Algerijnse moslims. De Algerijnse Oorlog werd met succes gestart door leden van het Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale op 1 november 1954 (een dag die "@nl . . 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"Collage of the French war in Algeria"@en . . "Aljeriako Independentziaren Gerra, sarritan besterik gabe Aljeriako Gerra deitua (1954ko azaroaren 1a \u2013 1962ko martxoaren 19a), Aljeria Frantziatik askatzeko egindako gerrilla kanpaina (maquisards) izan zen. Gutxi gorabehera 180.000 hil eta 230.000 zauritu eragin zituen Afrikako iparraldeko herrialde hartan. Gerra honen garaian Charles de Gaulle frantziar presidentea zen eta haren herrialdea ahulduta zegoen Bigarren Mundu Gerra amaitu berria zegoelarik eta aurreko urtean Indotxina galdu ostean. Testuinguru horretan Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale (FLN) talde eta (MNA) taldeek gerratea abiatu zuten militar eta landa-eremuko zibil (Pieds-Noirs) frantziarren aurka. Aipatzekoa da Philippeville (gaur Skikda) hirian 1955ean independentistek zibilen aurka egindako sarraskia. Hastapen horietan, tartean Albert Camus idazle eta filosofoa saiatu zen gerra gelditzen eta behintzat zibilak errespetarazten, alferrik. 1956an Aljerko gudua hasi zen, gerrate honetan mugarria izan zena eta urtebetez luzatu zena. 1957an, Frantziako armadak gogor zanpatu zituen, Aljer okupatu egin zuen eta Frantzian eztabaida handia sortu zen koloniari independentzia ematearen aldekoen eta kolonia mantentzearen aldekoen artean. Azken taldekoen buru Frantziako OAS erakunde terrorista zen. De Gaulle jenerala gobernutik kentzen ere saiatu ziren. Geroago, De Gaullek 1958an aljeriarrak deitu zituen galdeketa baterako, eta herritar gehien-gehienek burujabetzaren alde eman zuen botoa. Honek ez zuen gatazka gelditu, eta beste alde batetik hainbat frantziar aterarazi zuen Aljeriatik, 1962rako herrialde osoko biztanleen %13a inguruan ihes egin zuelarik. bidez, 1962an Aljeriak independentzia lortu zuen. Hainbat borroka eta tortura kasuak pairatu ondoren, azkenean gerratea amaitu zen eta FLNren buruzagia zen Ahmed Ben Bella presidente izendatu zuten."@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . "La guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie, aussi connue sous les appellations \u00E9v\u00E9nements d'Alg\u00E9rie, r\u00E9volution alg\u00E9rienne, guerre d'ind\u00E9pendance alg\u00E9rienne et guerre de lib\u00E9ration nationale, est un conflit arm\u00E9 qui se d\u00E9roule de 1954 \u00E0 1962 en Alg\u00E9rie fran\u00E7aise, colonie fran\u00E7aise \u00E0 partir de 1830, divis\u00E9e en d\u00E9partements en 1848. L'aboutissement est la reconnaissance de l'ind\u00E9pendance du territoire le 5 juillet 1962."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "--11-01"^^ . . . "Ibrahim Mazhoudi"@en . . . . . . "\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u6226\u4E89\uFF08\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u305B\u3093\u305D\u3046\u3001\u82F1: Algerian War, \u963F: \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E; \u4ECF: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie\uFF09\u306F\u30011954\u5E74\u304B\u30891962\u5E74\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u4E3B\u306B\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u9818\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u3067\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u306E\u652F\u914D\u306B\u5BFE\u3059\u308B\u72EC\u7ACB\u6226\u4E89\u3002\u30A8\u30D3\u30A2\u30F3\u5354\u5B9A\u3067\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u306E\u72EC\u7ACB\u304C\u5408\u610F\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u72EC\u7ACB\u524D\u306E\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u306F\u540D\u76EE\u4E0A\u3001\u690D\u6C11\u5730\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u672C\u56FD\u306E\u4E00\u90E8\u3068\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u5730\u57DF\u5185\u3067\u5B8C\u5168\u306A\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u5E02\u6C11\u6A29\u3092\u4ED8\u4E0E\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u300C\u30B3\u30ED\u30F3\u300D\uFF08\u30D4\u30A8\u30FB\u30CE\u30EF\u30FC\u30EB\uFF09\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u7CFB\u5165\u690D\u8005\u3068\u3001\u5BFE\u7167\u7684\u306B\u6291\u5727\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u30D9\u30EB\u30D9\u30EB\u4EBA\u3084\u30A2\u30E9\u30D6\u7CFB\u4F4F\u6C11\u306A\u3069\u306E\u5148\u4F4F\u6C11\uFF08indigene,\u30A2\u30F3\u30C7\u30A3\u30B8\u30A7\u30FC\u30CC\uFF09\u3068\u306E\u6C11\u65CF\u7D1B\u4E89\u3001\u89AA\u4ECF\u6D3E\u3068\u53CD\u4ECF\u6D3E\u306E\u5148\u4F4F\u6C11\u540C\u58EB\u306E\u3001\u304B\u3064\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u90E8\u3068\u30D1\u30EA\u4E2D\u592E\u653F\u5E9C\u3068\u306E\u5185\u6226\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u653F\u5E9C\u3067\u306F\u516C\u5F0F\u306B\u306F\u6226\u4E89\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8A8D\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305A\u3001\u300C\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u4E8B\u5909\u300D\uFF08\u00E9v\u00E8nements d'Alg\u00E9rie\uFF09\u3084\u3001\u300C\u5317\u30A2\u30D5\u30EA\u30AB\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u79E9\u5E8F\u7DAD\u6301\u4F5C\u6226\u300D\u3068\u547C\u79F0\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u304C\u30011999\u5E7410\u6708\u306B\u306A\u308A\u6CD5\u6539\u6B63\u3055\u308C\u6B63\u5F0F\u306B\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u6226\u4E89\uFF08Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie\uFF09\u3068\u8A18\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ba cheann de na coga\u00ED ba th\u00E1bhachta\u00ED agus ba chasta \u00E9 Cogadh Saoirse na hAilg\u00E9ire (1954\u201362). N\u00ED raibh na Francaigh cinnte c\u00E9ard le d\u00E9anamh san Ailg\u00E9ir sa tr\u00E9imhse seo. Bh\u00ED thart ar mhilli\u00FAin coil\u00EDneach Eorpach ina gc\u00F3na\u00ED san Ailg\u00E9ir. Bh\u00ED an t-achrann chomh dona sin gur bheag nach raibh cogadh cathartha sa bhFrainc d\u00E1 bharr. T\u00E1 an cogadh t\u00E1bhachtach \u00F3 thaobh"@ga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La al\u011Deria sendependeca milito a\u016D Al\u011Deri-milito estis milito de al\u011Derianoj por liberi\u011Do disde Francio. Al\u011Derio i\u011Dis franca kolonio ekde la jaro 1830. La milito disvolvi\u011Dis ekde 1954 \u011Dis 1962. La\u016D la vidpunkto, oni anka\u016D foje nomas \u011Din al\u011Deria revolucio. \u011Cis 1997, \u011Di estis oficiale nomata la al\u011Deriaj eventoj de la franca estraro. Je la al\u011Deria flanko batalis la F.L.N. (Fronto por la Liberigo de Al\u011Derio), kiun komence subtenis nur malmultaj al\u011Derianoj (poste la plejmultaj) kaj kelkaj maldekstraj politikuloj francaj. Pro la elekto de terorismo temis \u0109efe pri tempo de perforto kontra\u016D la popolo kaj de lukto kontra\u016D la franca administracio. Ne temas do pri milito inter du suverenaj \u015Dtatoj, \u0109ar Algerio iame konsistis el francaj departementoj. Tiu milito komenci\u011Dis post la Dua mondmilito, kun la movo de la soldatoj devenintaj de la Norda Afriko. Tiuj soldatoj renkontis la aliajn (blankulajn) soldatojn venintajn de la kontinento post la milito, kaj vidante ke ekzistas diferencoj inter la nigrulaj kaj la blankulaj, postulis pli da egaleco. \u011Ci estas la lasta milito, kiu okazis sur la franca teritorio.En la nacia konscienco, tiu milito estas sinonimo de torturo, juneco oferita por la milito. Dum sia enpa\u015Do en Al\u011Dero, la 4-an de junio 1958, Charles de Gaulle eldiris diskurson, el kiu oni rememoras sian faman \"Mi komprenis vin\" (\"Je vous ai compris\"), kio la nigrapieduloj interpretis, kiel \"Franca Al\u011Derio\", sed la sekvantan jaron li proponis referendumon pri memdetermimo, kiu estis akceptita de la franca popolo. La milito fini\u011Dis post la Traktato de \u00C9vian, la 18-an de marto 1962."@eo . "FAF" . . . . . . . . . "Paul Cherri\u00E8re"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u039F \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03BB\u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 (Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03BB\u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF 1954 \u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1962, \u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BF\u03B4\u03AE\u03B3\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03BB\u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7 \u0393\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1. \u039F \u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03AD\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0393\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD, \u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03B8\u03AD\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03BF\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03BF\u03BA\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C1\u03B3\u03B5\u03B9\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0393\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03A3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03CC. \u03A4\u03B7\u03BD 1\u03B7 \u03A6\u03B5\u03B2\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AD\u03BB\u03B7\u03BE\u03B5 \u03B7 \"\u03B5\u03B2\u03B4\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BF\u03B4\u03BF\u03C6\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD\", \u03CC\u03C7\u03B9 \u03CC\u03BC\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B7 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BC\u03AD\u03C4\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7. \u0397 \u03BA\u03C5\u03B2\u03AD\u03C1\u03BD\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u039D\u03C4\u03B5 \u0393\u03BA\u03C9\u03BB \u03AD\u03BB\u03B1\u03B2\u03B5 \u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BE\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C7\u03C1\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF \u039A\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF."@el . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La guerra d'Alg\u00E8ria (1954-1962) va ser una guerra de descolonitzaci\u00F3. Quan encara la Quarta Rep\u00FAblica Francesa estava sotragada pel trauma de la guerra d'Indoxina va seguir, sense soluci\u00F3 de continu\u00EFtat, un nou malson a Alg\u00E8ria: va ser la guerra de descolonitzaci\u00F3 m\u00E9s despietada, que es va perllongar durant vuit anys (1954-1962). Aquest pa\u00EDs era la possessi\u00F3 m\u00E9s antiga de Fran\u00E7a, i s'hi havia dut a terme un proc\u00E9s real de colonitzaci\u00F3, no solament econ\u00F2mic, sin\u00F3 tamb\u00E9 hum\u00E0: el 1956 vivien al pa\u00EDs un mili\u00F3 de colons europeus (coneguts com a pied-noirs, i que eren sobretot francesos, espanyols i maltesos), sobre una poblaci\u00F3 total de 8.700.000 algerians musulmans. A m\u00E9s, era la col\u00F2nia m\u00E9s propera a Fran\u00E7a, estava situada a l'altra banda del Mediterrani, i compartia fins i tot una similitud geogr\u00E0fica amb el sud de la metr\u00F2poli. En segon lloc, les possessions africanes havien estat decisives per a assegurar la continu\u00EFtat de l'Estat franc\u00E8s durant la Segona Guerra Mundial. L'ex\u00E8rcit metropolit\u00E0 havia estat derrotat pels alemanys el 1940, per\u00F2 les tropes colonials franceses havien sobreviscut intactes i es van posar al servei de De Gaulle i la Fran\u00E7a Lliure a partir de 1942. En certa manera, Fran\u00E7a havia acabat en el b\u00E0ndol dels guanyadors gr\u00E0cies al seu imperi, i en aix\u00F2, Alg\u00E8ria i el Marroc hi havien tingut un paper rellevant. Per tant, encara en els anys cinquanta, les col\u00F2nies es veien com una mena de reserva pol\u00EDtica i de superviv\u00E8ncia estatal. Les consideracions hist\u00F2riques, sentimentals i pol\u00EDtiques es van unir a les merament econ\u00F2miques quan el 1956 es van descobrir jaciments de petroli al S\u00E0hara algeri\u00E0."@ca . . . . . "La guerra d'Algeria (anche guerra d'indipendenza algerina), \u00E8 il conflitto che oppose tra il 1\u00BA novembre 1954 e il 19 marzo 1962 l'esercito francese e gli indipendentisti algerini guidati dal Fronte di Liberazione Nazionale (FLN, Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale), che aveva rapidamente imposto la propria egemonia sulle altre formazioni politiche. Lo scontro si svolse principalmente in Algeria ma, a partire dal 1958, il FLN decise di aprire un secondo fronte in Francia, scatenando una serie di attentati."@it . . . "Aljeriako Independentzia Gerra"@eu . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . "Mohamed Lamine Debaghine"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0647\u064A \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062F\u0644\u0639\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062A\u062D \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1954 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062D\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A 1200 \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0647\u062F \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062D\u0648\u0632\u062A\u0647\u0645 400 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062D \u0648\u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062A\u0642\u0644\u064A\u062F\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639\u062A \u062D\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u00AB\u0645\u0646\u062F\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u00BB \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062C\u0646 \u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062D\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062E\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062A \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649. \u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E 23 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0644 1955 \u0634\u0647\u062F \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u00AB\u0627\u0644\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u00BB \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0634\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062E\u0637\u0641 \u0648\u062A\u0639\u0630\u064A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u064A\u0646."@ar . "1954-11-01"^^ . . . . . . "* End of theFrench Colonial Empire" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Houari Boumedienne"@en . 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\u0628\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064A 5 \u062C\u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0629 1962\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0641\u064A\u0647 \u0627\u062D\u062A\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0633\u0646\u0629 1830. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u062A\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u062F\u064A\u063A\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064A\u0648\u0646\u060C \u0645\u062E\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u064B \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A. \u062C\u0627\u0621\u064E \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u0641\u062A\u0627\u0621 \u062A\u0642\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064A\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062A\u062D \u0645\u0646 \u062C\u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0625\u064A\u0641\u064A\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A 18 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1962\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062B\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A 25 \u0633\u0628\u062A\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u063A\u0627\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0631\u064A\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1830\u0645."@ar . . "* Military stalemate" . . "Jean-Jacques Susini"@en . . "Mohammed Seddik Benyahia"@en . . . "Ahmed Tewfik El Madani"@en . "Guerra d'Algeria"@it . "*Collapseof theFourth French Republic" . . . . . "Der Algerienkrieg (gleichbedeutend franz\u00F6sisch Guerre d\u2019Alg\u00E9rie; arabisch \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629, DMG \u1E6Eaurat at-Ta\u1E25r\u012Br al-\u01E6az\u0101\u02BEiriyya, w\u00F6rtlich etwa Algerische Befreiungsrevolution) war ein bewaffneter Konflikt um die Unabh\u00E4ngigkeit Algeriens von Frankreich in den Jahren 1954 bis 1962. Er wurde planvoll von der marxistisch-nationalistischen FLN begonnen, die daf\u00FCr zu Mitteln des Terrorismus griff. Dem franz\u00F6sischen Milit\u00E4r gelang es \u2013 anders als im vorhergegangenen Indochinakrieg \u2013, milit\u00E4risch die Oberhand zu behalten. Kriegsverluste und Menschenrechtsverletzungen inklusive Folter durch franz\u00F6sische Truppen machten die Auseinandersetzung in Frankreich jedoch sehr unpopul\u00E4r.Charles de Gaulle wurde wieder mit der Regierung betraut, man verhandelte mit den algerischen Anf\u00FChrern, was zur Unabh\u00E4ngigkeit Algeriens f\u00FChrte. In der Folge kam es in Frankreich zum erfolglosen Putschversuch hoher Milit\u00E4rs und zur Bildung der Terrororganisation OAS. Der Krieg endete im M\u00E4rz 1962 durch die Vertr\u00E4ge von \u00C9vian mit einer Verhandlungsl\u00F6sung, welche die Unabh\u00E4ngigkeit Algeriens unter F\u00FChrung der FLN zur Folge hatte. Der Unabh\u00E4ngigkeitskrieg erfasste weite Teile der Bev\u00F6lkerung Algeriens, wobei eine Minderheit muslimischer Algerier f\u00FCr die Zugeh\u00F6rigkeit zu Frankreich k\u00E4mpfte. In dieser Zeit wurden Millionen Menschen zwangsumgesiedelt. Die europ\u00E4ische Minderheit im Land floh nach der Unabh\u00E4ngigkeit des Landes fast vollst\u00E4ndig. Der Krieg griff in Form von politischen Demonstrationen und Anschl\u00E4gen auch auf das Mutterland \u00FCber. Nach dem Krieg kam es zu einem Machtkampf innerhalb der FLN, aus dem das autorit\u00E4re Regime Houari Boumediennes 1965 hervorging."@de . . . . "Algerietrevolten"@sv . . "Al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka byla bojem za nez\u00E1vislost Al\u017E\u00EDrska na Francii v letech 1954\u20131962. Od 1. listopadu 1954 za\u010Dal boj al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00FDch povstalc\u016F za odtr\u017Een\u00ED Al\u017E\u00EDrska od Francie a vytvo\u0159en\u00ED suver\u00E9nn\u00EDho st\u00E1tu. Al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka a \u010D\u00E1ste\u010Dn\u00E1 neschopnost francouzsk\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy tento konflikt vy\u0159e\u0161it byly jedn\u00EDm z faktor\u016F, kter\u00E9 vedly na konci 50. let k vytvo\u0159en\u00ED nov\u00E9 francouzsk\u00E9 \u00FAstavy a spolu s t\u00EDm i p\u00E1t\u00E9 francouzsk\u00E9 republiky. Do \u010Dela nov\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy Francie byl zvolen Charles de Gaulle, kter\u00FD se po zve\u0159ejn\u011Bn\u00ED d\u016Fkaz\u016F o brut\u00E1ln\u00EDm chov\u00E1n\u00ED francouzsk\u00FDch jednotek na al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E9m \u00FAzem\u00ED a n\u00E1sledn\u00E9m tlaku ve\u0159ejn\u00E9ho m\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00ED rozhodl (navzdory zna\u010Dn\u00FDm francouzsk\u00FDm vojensk\u00FDm \u00FAsp\u011Bch\u016Fm) nav\u00E1zat rozhovory s FLN, hlavn\u00ED politickou a vojenskou silou al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E9 revoluce, vedouc\u00ED k vytvo\u0159en\u00ED suver\u00E9nn\u00EDho al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E9ho st\u00E1tu 5. \u010Dervence 1962."@cs . . . . . "415"^^ . . . . . "~1,000,000 total Algerian deaths"@en . . . . "Alphonse Djamate"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Wojna algierska (Algierska wojna o niepodleg\u0142o\u015B\u0107, fr. Guerre d\u2019Alg\u00E9rie, arab. \u200F\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E, trb. sura at-Thrir al-D\u017Czairija) \u2013 trwaj\u0105cy w latach 1954\u20131962 konflikt zbrojny pomi\u0119dzy Francj\u0105 a algierskim Frontem Wyzwolenia Narodowego."@pl . . . . . . . . "Guerra de Independencia de Argelia"@es . "300,000 identified 40,000 civilian support" . . . . . "Al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka byla bojem za nez\u00E1vislost Al\u017E\u00EDrska na Francii v letech 1954\u20131962. Od 1. listopadu 1954 za\u010Dal boj al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00FDch povstalc\u016F za odtr\u017Een\u00ED Al\u017E\u00EDrska od Francie a vytvo\u0159en\u00ED suver\u00E9nn\u00EDho st\u00E1tu. Al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka a \u010D\u00E1ste\u010Dn\u00E1 neschopnost francouzsk\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy tento konflikt vy\u0159e\u0161it byly jedn\u00EDm z faktor\u016F, kter\u00E9 vedly na konci 50. let k vytvo\u0159en\u00ED nov\u00E9 francouzsk\u00E9 \u00FAstavy a spolu s t\u00EDm i p\u00E1t\u00E9 francouzsk\u00E9 republiky. Do \u010Dela nov\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy Francie byl zvolen Charles de Gaulle, kter\u00FD se po zve\u0159ejn\u011Bn\u00ED d\u016Fkaz\u016F o brut\u00E1ln\u00EDm chov\u00E1n\u00ED francouzsk\u00FDch jednotek na al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E9m \u00FAzem\u00ED a n\u00E1sledn\u00E9m tlaku ve\u0159ejn\u00E9ho m\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00ED rozhodl (navzdory zna\u010Dn\u00FDm francouzsk\u00FDm vojensk\u00FDm \u00FAsp\u011Bch\u016Fm) nav\u00E1zat rozhovory s FLN, hlavn\u00ED politickou a vojenskou silou al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E9 revoluce, vedouc\u00ED k vytvo\u0159en\u00ED suver\u00E9nn\u00EDho al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E9ho st\u00E1tu 5. \u010Dervence 1962."@cs . . . . "Over 2 million Algerians resettled or displaced"@en . . . . "Wojna algierska"@pl . . . "Raoul Salan"@en . . . . . . . . . "\u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03BB\u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2"@el . . . "Al\u017E\u00EDrsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka"@cs . . . . . . . . . "* French Fifth Republic"@en . "Guerra de Independ\u00EAncia Argelina"@pt . . "*\u00C9vian Accords" . . . . "20px|borderMNA" . . . . "1500000"^^ . "470,000 (maximum reached and maintained from 1956 to 1962)" . . . . . . "Aljeriako Independentziaren Gerra, sarritan besterik gabe Aljeriako Gerra deitua (1954ko azaroaren 1a \u2013 1962ko martxoaren 19a), Aljeria Frantziatik askatzeko egindako gerrilla kanpaina (maquisards) izan zen. Gutxi gorabehera 180.000 hil eta 230.000 zauritu eragin zituen Afrikako iparraldeko herrialde hartan. Hainbat borroka eta tortura kasuak pairatu ondoren, azkenean gerratea amaitu zen eta FLNren buruzagia zen Ahmed Ben Bella presidente izendatu zuten."@eu . "Rabah Bitat"@en . . . . . . . "Fernand Gambiez"@en . . . . "\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629"@ar . . "Perang Kemerdekaan Aljazair"@in . . . . . . . . . "--11-01"^^ . "(1960\u201361)" . "Perang Kemerdekaan Aljazair (bahasa Prancis: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), adalah sebuah perang kemerdekaan Aljazair yang terjadi tahun 1954 sampai tahun 1962 yang memimpin kemerdekaan Aljazair dari Prancis. Perang ini disebabkan oleh serangan atas Aljazair Prancis oleh FLN pada tanggal 1 November 1954."@in . . . . "1000000"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Benyoucef Benkhedda"@en . . . "(1954-58)" . . . "Herv\u00E9 Artur"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "Al\u011Deria Milito de Sendependeco"@eo . . . . . . . . . "\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u6226\u4E89"@ja . "470000"^^ . . . . "Abdelhamid Mehri"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Amar Ouamrane"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Jacques Soustelle"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0410\u043B\u0436\u0438\u0301\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 \u2014 \u0437\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0442 \u0432 \u0410\u043B\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0456 (1954-1962) \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0446\u044F\u043C\u0438, \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0433\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0443 \u0424\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0437 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u043E\u043A\u0443, \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0430\u0440\u043C\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0456 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043D\u0438 \u0454\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F (\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0430\u043C\u0438) \u2014 \u0437 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E."@uk . . "Ba cheann de na coga\u00ED ba th\u00E1bhachta\u00ED agus ba chasta \u00E9 Cogadh Saoirse na hAilg\u00E9ire (1954\u201362). N\u00ED raibh na Francaigh cinnte c\u00E9ard le d\u00E9anamh san Ailg\u00E9ir sa tr\u00E9imhse seo. Bh\u00ED thart ar mhilli\u00FAin coil\u00EDneach Eorpach ina gc\u00F3na\u00ED san Ailg\u00E9ir. Bh\u00ED an t-achrann chomh dona sin gur bheag nach raibh cogadh cathartha sa bhFrainc d\u00E1 bharr. Bh\u00ED na Harkis (d\u00EDlseoir\u00ED Moslamacha Arab-Ailg\u00E9aracha) i gcoinne an FLN (Fronta N\u00E1isi\u00FAnta Fuascailte), Gluaiseacht N\u00E1isi\u00FAnta na hAilg\u00E9ire (MNA), le taca\u00EDocht \u00F3n bP\u00E1irt\u00ED Cumannach Francach agus P\u00E1irt\u00ED Cumannach na hAilg\u00E9ire. Ag an am ch\u00E9ile, bh\u00ED na Pieds-Noirs (na hAilg\u00E9ir-Eorpaigh) ina liobr\u00E1laigh (Eorpaigh-Ailg\u00E9irigh), le roinnt Arab-Ailg\u00E9irigh, a bh\u00ED i bhfabhar an neamhsple\u00E1chais. T\u00E1 an cogadh t\u00E1bhachtach \u00F3 thaobh \n* na stailce treallchoga\u00ED, \n* na troda 'maquis', sceimhlitheoireacht in aghaidh ghn\u00E1thdhaoine ar gach taobh, \n* an sceimhlitheoireacht a rinneadh ar an d\u00E1 thaobh, \n* agus na coimhlint\u00ED idir arm na Fraince, na Pieds Noirs agus an gr\u00FApa d\u00EDlseoir\u00ED Moslamacha Arab-Ailg\u00E9aracha, n\u00F3 na Harkis."@ga . . . . "Ahmed Francis"@en . . . . "Maurice Challe"@en . . "Mohamed Boudiaf"@en . . . "La guerra de Independencia de Argelia (tambi\u00E9n llamada guerra de Argelia o guerra de Liberaci\u00F3n de Argelia; en franc\u00E9s, Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie y en \u00E1rabe \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629) tuvo lugar entre 1954 y 1962 y fue un periodo de lucha del Frente de Liberaci\u00F3n Nacional de Argelia (FLN), contra la colonizaci\u00F3n francesa establecida en el pa\u00EDs desde 1830."@es . . "( \uBE44\uC2B7\uD55C \uC774\uB984\uC758 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB0B4\uC804\uC5D0 \uAD00\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uD574\uB2F9 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uC870\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC804\uC7C1(\uC601\uC5B4: Algerian War of Independence) \uD639\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1(\uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie, \uC544\uB78D\uC5B4: \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629, \uC601\uC5B4: Algerian War)\uC740 1954\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1962\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC640 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC6B4\uB3D9 \uC138\uB825\uC774 \uBC8C\uC778 \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C, \uACB0\uAD6D \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC744 \uC5BB\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uB978 \uB9D0\uB85C \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uD601\uBA85(\uC601\uC5B4: Algerian Revolution) \uD639\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC5D0\uC11C 11\uC6D4 1\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1(\uC601\uC5B4: War of 1 November)\uC73C\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC84C\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 \uD0C8\uC2DD\uBBFC\uC9C0\uD654\uC5D0\uC11C \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC804\uC7C1\uC774\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uAC8C\uB9B4\uB77C\uC804, \uB9C8\uD0A4, \uBBFC\uAC04\uC778\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uD14C\uB7EC, \uC591\uCE21\uC758 \uACE0\uBB38 \uC790\uD589, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uAD70\uB300\uC758 \uB300\uD14C\uB7EC \uC791\uC804 \uB4F1 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uC131\uACA9\uC744 \uBCF4\uC778 \uC804\uC7C1\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 6\uBA85\uC758 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120(FLN)\uC758 \uAD6C\uC131\uC6D0\uB4E4\uC774 1954\uB144 11\uC6D4 1\uC77C\uC5D0 \"\"(Toussaint Rouge)\uC5D0 \uC77C\uC73C\uCF30\uC73C\uBA70, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC81C4\uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uC758 \uAE30\uBC18\uC5D0 \uD0C0\uACA9\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5B4 \uC815\uAD8C\uC774 \uBB34\uB108\uC9C0\uB294 \uC6D0\uC778\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC774\uC804 1956\uB144\uC5D0 \uB2E4\uB978 \uBBFC\uC871\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120 \uC9C0\uB3C4\uC790\uB4E4\uACFC \uD568\uAED8 \uCCB4\uD3EC\uB418\uC5C8\uB358 \uC544\uD750\uBA54\uB4DC \uBCA4 \uBCA8\uB77C\uAC00 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uCD08\uB300 \uB300\uD1B5\uB839\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . "( \uBE44\uC2B7\uD55C \uC774\uB984\uC758 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB0B4\uC804\uC5D0 \uAD00\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uD574\uB2F9 \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uC870\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC804\uC7C1(\uC601\uC5B4: Algerian War of Independence) \uD639\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1(\uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie, \uC544\uB78D\uC5B4: \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629, \uC601\uC5B4: Algerian War)\uC740 1954\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1962\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC640 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC6B4\uB3D9 \uC138\uB825\uC774 \uBC8C\uC778 \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C, \uACB0\uAD6D \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5D0\uC11C \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC744 \uC5BB\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uB978 \uB9D0\uB85C \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uD601\uBA85(\uC601\uC5B4: Algerian Revolution) \uD639\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC5D0\uC11C 11\uC6D4 1\uC77C \uC804\uC7C1(\uC601\uC5B4: War of 1 November)\uC73C\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC84C\uB2E4. \uC774 \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 \uD0C8\uC2DD\uBBFC\uC9C0\uD654\uC5D0\uC11C \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC804\uC7C1\uC774\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uAC8C\uB9B4\uB77C\uC804, \uB9C8\uD0A4, \uBBFC\uAC04\uC778\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uD14C\uB7EC, \uC591\uCE21\uC758 \uACE0\uBB38 \uC790\uD589, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uAD70\uB300\uC758 \uB300\uD14C\uB7EC \uC791\uC804 \uB4F1 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uC131\uACA9\uC744 \uBCF4\uC778 \uC804\uC7C1\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 6\uBA85\uC758 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120(FLN)\uC758 \uAD6C\uC131\uC6D0\uB4E4\uC774 1954\uB144 11\uC6D4 1\uC77C\uC5D0 \"\"(Toussaint Rouge)\uC5D0 \uC77C\uC73C\uCF30\uC73C\uBA70, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC81C4\uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uC758 \uAE30\uBC18\uC5D0 \uD0C0\uACA9\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5B4 \uC815\uAD8C\uC774 \uBB34\uB108\uC9C0\uB294 \uC6D0\uC778\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 \uB2E4\uC790\uC801\uC778 \uBCF5\uC7A1\uD55C \uBD84\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C, \uC5EC\uB7EC \uC138\uB825\uB4E4\uC774 \uC11C\uB85C \uB300\uB9BD\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uB9BD \uC138\uB825 \uD3B8\uC758 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120\uC740 (MNA)\uACFC \uC801\uB300\uD558\uBA70 \uC2F8\uC6E0\uC73C\uBA70, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uBCF8\uD1A0\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uCE74\uD398 \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C \uC2F8\uC6E0\uB2E4. \uB610 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uD3B8\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC6B0\uC775\uC138\uB825\uC778 \uC721\uAD70\uBE44\uBC00\uC870\uC9C1(OAS)\uC774 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120\uC5D0 \uB300\uD56D\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uAE30 \uBAB0\uB808\uC758 \uC9C0\uB3C4\uB85C \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uAD70\uB300\uB294 \uB2F9\uC2DC \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC758 \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uC774 \uC0DD\uAC01\uD558\uB358 \"\uD654\uD3C9\"\uC744 \uC704\uD55C \uC791\uC804\uC744 \uC804\uAC1C\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC774 \"\uACF5\uACF5 \uC9C8\uC11C \uC791\uC804\"\uC740 \uC774\uB0B4 \uB300\uADDC\uBAA8 \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C \uCEE4\uC84C\uB2E4. \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uC740 \uCC98\uC74C\uC5D0\uB294 \uB300\uAC1C \uD3C9\uD654\uC801\uC778 \uD574\uACB0\uC744 \uC9C0\uC9C0\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uC810\uCC28 \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC744 \uCD94\uAD6C\uD558\uB294 \uCABD\uC73C\uB85C \uB3CC\uC544\uC130\uC73C\uBA70, \uC774\uB294 \uC5EC\uD0C0 \uC544\uB78D \uAD6D\uAC00\uC640 \uC138\uACC4 \uC5EC\uB860\uC758 \uC9C0\uC9C0\uB97C \uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB294 \uC0AC\uC774 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uB294 \"\uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uB839 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\"(l'Alg\u00E9rie Fran\u00E7aise) \uBB38\uC81C\uB97C \uB193\uACE0 \uAD6D\uB860\uC774 \uBD84\uC5F4\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD55C\uCABD\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uD604 \uC0C1\uD0DC\uB97C \uC720\uC9C0\uD558\uC5EC, \uC644\uC804\uD788 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uC5D0 \uD1B5\uD569\uD558\uB294 \uBC29\uBC95\uACFC \uB3C5\uB9BD\uD558\uB294 \uBC29\uBC95 \uC0AC\uC774\uC5D0\uC11C \uC911\uAC04 \uC0C1\uD0DC\uB85C \uD611\uC0C1\uD558\uC790\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD55C \uBC18\uBA74, \uB2E4\uB978 \uD3B8\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uC644\uC804\uD55C \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC744 \uD5C8\uC6A9\uD558\uC790\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uAD70\uB300\uB294 \uACB0\uAD6D \uAD70\uC0AC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC804\uC7C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2B9\uB9AC\uB97C \uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uC0C1\uD669\uC774 \uBCC0\uD558\uC5EC \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC774\uB77C\uB294 \uB300\uC138\uB294 \uB354\uC774\uC0C1 \uAEBE\uC744 \uC218 \uC5C6\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC758\uD68C\uC758 \uBD88\uC548\uC815 \uB54C\uBB38\uC5D0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC81C4\uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uC740 \uB85C \uC0E4\uB97C \uB4DC\uACE8\uC774 \uB3CC\uC544\uC624\uBA74\uC11C \uBD95\uAD34\uB418\uACE0 \uB4DC\uACE8\uC774 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC81C5\uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uC73C\uB85C \uC9D1\uAD8C\uD558\uC5EC \uC790\uC2E0\uACFC \uB4DC\uACE8\uC8FC\uC758\uC790\uB4E4\uC774 \uB9CC\uB4E0 \uC0C8 \uD5CC\uBC95\uC744 \uD655\uB9BD\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uB4DC\uACE8\uC774 \uAD8C\uC88C\uC5D0 \uC624\uB974\uBA74\uC11C, \uB97C \uBAA8\uC740 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC5F0\uD569\uC744 \uB300\uCCB4\uD55C \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uACF5\uB3D9\uCCB4\uC5D0 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uAC00 \uACC4\uC18D \uD1B5\uD569\uB420 \uAC83\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uB4DC\uACE8\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC774 \uBD88\uAC00\uD53C\uD558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBCF4\uC558\uB294\uC9C0 \uC774\uB97C \uC778\uC815\uD558\uB294 \uCABD\uC73C\uB85C \uC120\uD68C\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uB4DC\uACE8\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uD22C\uD45C\uB97C \uC2E4\uC2DC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uAC00 \uB3C5\uB9BD\uD558\uACE0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAC00 \uBBFC\uC871\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120\uACFC \uD611\uC0C1\uD558\uB294 \uCABD\uC744 \uC120\uD0DD\uD558\uC600\uACE0, \uADF8\uB9AC\uD558\uC5EC 1962\uB144 3\uC6D4 \uC5D0\uBE44\uC559 \uD569\uC758\uAC00 \uC774\uB8E8\uC5B4\uC838 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uAC00 \uB3C5\uB9BD\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uC178 \uB4DC\uBE0C\uB808 \uC815\uBD80\uC758 \uD611\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uBC18\uB300\uD558\uB358 \uC7A5\uAD70\uB4E4\uC774 1961\uB144 4\uC6D4 \uC744 \uC77C\uC73C\uCF30\uB2E4\uAC00 \uC2E4\uD328\uD558\uC790 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uB3C5\uB9BD\uC5D0 \uBC18\uB300\uD558\uB358 \uC721\uAD70\uBE44\uBC00\uC870\uC9C1\uC740 \uC5D0\uBE44\uC559 \uD569\uC758\uAC00 \uC2E4\uD589\uB418\uACE0 (Pied noir: \uC720\uB7FD \uD608\uD1B5\uC758 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC0AC\uB78C)\uAC00 \uCD94\uBC29\uB418\uB294 \uAC83\uC744 \uB9C9\uAE30 \uC704\uD558\uC5EC \uD3C9\uD654\uC801\uC778 \uC2DC\uC704\uC640 \uD30C\uC5C5\uACFC \uB354\uBD88\uC5B4 \uD3ED\uACA9 \uC791\uC804\uC744 \uC804\uAC1C\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC774\uC804 1956\uB144\uC5D0 \uB2E4\uB978 \uBBFC\uC871\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120 \uC9C0\uB3C4\uC790\uB4E4\uACFC \uD568\uAED8 \uCCB4\uD3EC\uB418\uC5C8\uB358 \uC544\uD750\uBA54\uB4DC \uBCA4 \uBCA8\uB77C\uAC00 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uCD08\uB300 \uB300\uD1B5\uB839\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC624\uB298\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uAE30\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 \uB300\uBC18\uB780 \uC791\uC804\uC744 \uACE0\uC548\uD55C \uC0AC\uB78C\uB4E4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC804\uB7B5\uC801 \uD2C0\uC744 \uC81C\uC2DC\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uBA70, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uAD70\uB300\uAC00 \uC790\uD589\uD55C \uACE0\uBB38\uC740 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uBC29\uBC95\uC758 \uD569\uBC95\uC131\uACFC \uD6A8\uACFC\uB97C \uB193\uACE0 \uB3C4\uB355\uC801\u318D\uC815\uCE58\uC801 \uB17C\uB780\uC744 \uC77C\uC73C\uCF30\uB2E4. \uC591\uCE21\uC5D0\uC11C \uACE0\uBB38\uC744 \uD589\uD558\uBA74\uC11C, \uC774 \uB17C\uC7C1\uC740 \uD574\uACB0\uB418\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1\uC740 \uD604\uB300 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC758 \uC2DC\uC791\uC810\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC640 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC0AC\uD68C \uBAA8\uB450 \uC804\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C \uC624\uB7AB\uB3D9\uC548 \uC0C1\uCC98\uB97C \uB0A8\uACBC\uB2E4. 1997\uB144 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC758\uD68C \uC120\uAC70\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uD68C\uB2F9\uC774 \uC2B9\uB9AC\uD558\uC790 1999\uB144 6\uC6D4, \uC804\uC7C1\uC774 \uB05D\uB09C\uC9C0 37\uB144 \uB9CC\uC5D0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC758\uD68C\uB294 \uC774\uAC83\uC774 \"\uC804\uC7C1\"\uC774\uC5C8\uC74C\uC744 \uC778\uC815\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uBA70, \uC740 2001\uB144 10\uC6D4\uC5D0\uC11C\uC57C \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC815\uBD80\uAC00 \uC778\uC815\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120\uC774 \uC800\uC9C0\uB978 \uC744 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC815\uBD80\uB294 \uC544\uC9C1\uB3C4 \uC778\uC815\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC640 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC\uC758 \uAD00\uACC4\uB294 \uC5EC\uC804\uD788 \uC774 \uC804\uC7C1\uC758 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uD0C8\uC2DD\uBBFC\uC9C0 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC758 \uC800\uC11C\uB85C \uC720\uBA85\uD55C \uD504\uB780\uCE20 \uD30C\uB18D(Frantz Omar Fanon)\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1 \uCD08\uAE30\uC5D0 \uBE14\uB9AC\uB2E4\uC5D0 \uC788\uB294 \uC790\uC2E0\uC758 \uBCD1\uC6D0\uC744 \uB3C4\uD53C \uC911\uC778 \uBBFC\uC871\uC8FC\uC758 \uC6B4\uB3D9\uAC00\uB4E4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uC740\uC2E0\uCC98\uB85C \uC81C\uACF5\uD588\uC73C\uBA70, \uC774\uD6C4 \uAD6D\uBBFC\uD574\uBC29\uC804\uC120(FLN)\uC758 \uC678\uAD50\uB97C \uB2F4\uB2F9\uD558\uAC8C \uB41C\uB2E4."@ko . . . "415"^^ . . . . . . . "*French Fifth Republic" . . . "Pierre Jeanpierre"@en . . . . . . . "Hocine A\u00EFt Ahmed"@en . . . ""@en . . . . . . "Ali Kafi"@en . . "*25,600 French soldiers killed\n*65,000 wounded\n*50,000 harkis killed or missing\n*6,000 European civilian deaths"@en . . . . "De Algerijnse Oorlog (Arabisch: \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629 l-thawra Al-Jazaa'iriyya; Frans: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), ook bekend als de Algerijnse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog of de Algerijnse Revolutie, was een oorlog tussen Frankrijk en Algerijnse onafhankelijkheidsbewegingen van 1954 tot 1962, waarna Algerije onafhankelijk werd van Frankrijk. Deze oorlog was een belangrijke dekolonisatieoorlog en werd gekenmerkt als een complex gevecht met guerrilla, terrorisme tegen burgers, het gebruik van martelingen en counterterrorisme van het Franse leger. Dit conflict was ook een burgeroorlog tussen loyalistische Algerijnen die geloofden in een Frans-Algerije en opstandige Algerijnse moslims. De Algerijnse Oorlog werd met succes gestart door leden van het Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale op 1 november 1954 (een dag die wordt herdacht als \"Rode Allerheiligen\") en leidde tot de uiteindelijke val van de Vierde Franse Republiek."@nl . . . . . "174711"^^ . . "Krim Belkacem"@en . . "Algerietrevolten, (arabiska: \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629; franska: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), var en konflikt mellan Frankrike och algeriska sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighetsr\u00F6relser fr\u00E5n 1954 till 1962, vilket ledde till Algeriet fick sin sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighet fr\u00E5n Frankrike. Det var ett viktigt sj\u00E4lvst\u00E4ndighetskrig, en komplicerad konflikt som k\u00E4nnetecknades av gerillakrig, maquis, terrorism mot civila, tortyranv\u00E4ndning av b\u00E5da sidor och franska arm\u00E9ns f\u00F6rsvar av kolonialism. Konflikten var ocks\u00E5 ett inb\u00F6rdeskrig mellan regeringstrogna algeriska muslimer som trodde p\u00E5 ett franskt Algeriet och deras upproriska algeriska motsvarigheter. Konflikten startades av medlemmar av Nationella befrielsefronten (FLN) den 1 november 1954 under (\"R\u00F6d Alla helgons dag\"), och skakade Fj\u00E4rde franska republikens (1946-1958) fundament och ledde till d"@sv . . . . "OAS"@en . . . . . "Algerian War"@en . "Saad Dahlab"@en . . . . . "Said Boualam"@en . "more than 90,000 Harkis"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u6226\u4E89\uFF08\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u305B\u3093\u305D\u3046\u3001\u82F1: Algerian War, \u963F: \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E; \u4ECF: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie\uFF09\u306F\u30011954\u5E74\u304B\u30891962\u5E74\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u4E3B\u306B\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u9818\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u3067\u884C\u308F\u308C\u305F\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u306E\u652F\u914D\u306B\u5BFE\u3059\u308B\u72EC\u7ACB\u6226\u4E89\u3002\u30A8\u30D3\u30A2\u30F3\u5354\u5B9A\u3067\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u306E\u72EC\u7ACB\u304C\u5408\u610F\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002 \u72EC\u7ACB\u524D\u306E\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u306F\u540D\u76EE\u4E0A\u3001\u690D\u6C11\u5730\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u672C\u56FD\u306E\u4E00\u90E8\u3068\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u305F\u3081\u3001\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u5730\u57DF\u5185\u3067\u5B8C\u5168\u306A\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u5E02\u6C11\u6A29\u3092\u4ED8\u4E0E\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u300C\u30B3\u30ED\u30F3\u300D\uFF08\u30D4\u30A8\u30FB\u30CE\u30EF\u30FC\u30EB\uFF09\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u30E8\u30FC\u30ED\u30C3\u30D1\u7CFB\u5165\u690D\u8005\u3068\u3001\u5BFE\u7167\u7684\u306B\u6291\u5727\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u30D9\u30EB\u30D9\u30EB\u4EBA\u3084\u30A2\u30E9\u30D6\u7CFB\u4F4F\u6C11\u306A\u3069\u306E\u5148\u4F4F\u6C11\uFF08indigene,\u30A2\u30F3\u30C7\u30A3\u30B8\u30A7\u30FC\u30CC\uFF09\u3068\u306E\u6C11\u65CF\u7D1B\u4E89\u3001\u89AA\u4ECF\u6D3E\u3068\u53CD\u4ECF\u6D3E\u306E\u5148\u4F4F\u6C11\u540C\u58EB\u306E\u3001\u304B\u3064\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u90E8\u3068\u30D1\u30EA\u4E2D\u592E\u653F\u5E9C\u3068\u306E\u5185\u6226\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u653F\u5E9C\u3067\u306F\u516C\u5F0F\u306B\u306F\u6226\u4E89\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8A8D\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305A\u3001\u300C\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u4E8B\u5909\u300D\uFF08\u00E9v\u00E8nements d'Alg\u00E9rie\uFF09\u3084\u3001\u300C\u5317\u30A2\u30D5\u30EA\u30AB\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u79E9\u5E8F\u7DAD\u6301\u4F5C\u6226\u300D\u3068\u547C\u79F0\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u304C\u30011999\u5E7410\u6708\u306B\u306A\u308A\u6CD5\u6539\u6B63\u3055\u308C\u6B63\u5F0F\u306B\u30A2\u30EB\u30B8\u30A7\u30EA\u30A2\u6226\u4E89\uFF08Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie\uFF09\u3068\u8A18\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3088\u3046\u306B\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . "La guerra de Independencia de Argelia (tambi\u00E9n llamada guerra de Argelia o guerra de Liberaci\u00F3n de Argelia; en franc\u00E9s, Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie y en \u00E1rabe \u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629) tuvo lugar entre 1954 y 1962 y fue un periodo de lucha del Frente de Liberaci\u00F3n Nacional de Argelia (FLN), contra la colonizaci\u00F3n francesa establecida en el pa\u00EDs desde 1830. Tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en la sociedad argelina empez\u00F3 a crecer un sentimiento anticolonialista. Muchos militares argelinos que hab\u00EDan colaborado en liberar Francia, se vieron frustrados por el trato que la metr\u00F3poli daba a los ciudadanos nativos. Tras la guerra de Indochina fueron bastantes los soldados argelinos del Ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s que empezaron a considerar que era el momento de obtener la independencia para Argelia. La guerra se llev\u00F3 a cabo en forma de lucha de guerrillas y enfrentamientos contra el Ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s y las unidades adicionales de origen local llamadas harkis. En la actualidad, el t\u00E9rmino \u00ABharki\u00BB se utiliza en Argelia como sin\u00F3nimo de traici\u00F3n. Los civiles de origen europeo y argelino fueron desde el principio blanco de atentados terroristas por parte tanto del FLN como de las organizaciones paramilitares francesas como la Organizaci\u00F3n del Ej\u00E9rcito Secreto (OAS). Hubo varios episodios muy sangrientos como el ocurrido en . Sobre el n\u00FAmero de muertos se habla de una cifra de 33.000 franceses y un n\u00FAmero superior de argelinos. El FLN habla en torno al mill\u00F3n de muertos. Los guerrilleros independentistas del FLN se autodenominaban djounoud o muyahidines. El Ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s respondi\u00F3 tratando de obtener el m\u00E1ximo de informaci\u00F3n, en particular utilizando la tortura, para localizar a los responsables de atentados, lo que se agudiz\u00F3 durante la batalla de Argel. El FLN luch\u00F3 tambi\u00E9n contra otras corrientes independentistas, resultando esta corriente la predominante. La guerra termin\u00F3 con el reconocimiento por Francia de la independencia de Argelia el 5 de julio de 1962, a trav\u00E9s de los acuerdos de Evian. Signific\u00F3 la expulsi\u00F3n de alrededor de un mill\u00F3n de colonos europeos originarios de Francia, Italia o Espa\u00F1a, as\u00ED como miembros de minor\u00EDas religiosas, como los jud\u00EDos.\u200B"@es . . . "the Cold War and the decolonisation of Africa"@en . . . "\u0410\u043B\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430"@uk . . . . . . . . "Algerienkrieg"@de . "Abdelhafid Boussouf"@en . "Algerijnse Oorlog"@nl . "gov.archives.arc.649319"@en . . . . . "A Guerra de Independ\u00EAncia Argelina, tamb\u00E9m conhecida como Revolu\u00E7\u00E3o Argelina ou Guerra da Arg\u00E9lia (em \u00E1rabe: \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E Ath-Thawra Al-Jaz\u0101\u2019iriyya; em franc\u00EAs: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), foi um movimento de liberta\u00E7\u00E3o nacional da Arg\u00E9lia do dom\u00EDnio franc\u00EAs, que tomou curso entre 1954 e 1962. Como uma guerra de independ\u00EAncia e de descoloniza\u00E7\u00E3o, op\u00F4s os nacionalistas argelinos - principalmente unidos sob a bandeira da Frente de Liberta\u00E7\u00E3o Nacional (FLN) - \u00E0 Fran\u00E7a e seus colonos (chamados de pieds-noirs, \u201Cp\u00E9s negros\u201D em franc\u00EAs). Ocorre principalmente no territ\u00F3rio argelino - com repercuss\u00F5es tamb\u00E9m na Fran\u00E7a metropolitana - e est\u00E1 inserida no movimento de descoloniza\u00E7\u00E3o do continente africano. A Arg\u00E9lia era caracterizada pela separa\u00E7\u00E3o entre as comunidades, atormentada por uma desigualdade generalizada - haja vista que a Fran\u00E7a recorreu a todas as formas poss\u00EDveis de dom\u00EDnio para se impor - que oprimia a popula\u00E7\u00E3o desde o in\u00EDcio da conquista e vivendo em um ambiente marcado por contradi\u00E7\u00E3o e incerteza. Desta forma, o percurso que conduziria a uma ruptura com a Fran\u00E7a j\u00E1 come\u00E7ava a se delinear, aos poucos as tend\u00EAncias federativas e assimilacionistas moderadas davam lugar a uma radicaliza\u00E7\u00E3o anticolonial. Neste contexto, ao passo que a frustra\u00E7\u00E3o crescia, o nacionalismo argelino se mostrava cada vez mais convencido de que a via legal de emancipa\u00E7\u00E3o estava esgotada, ou melhor, nunca tivera espa\u00E7o para se desenvolver por causa da violenta repress\u00E3o francesa. O islamismo de vertente sunita, religi\u00E3o professada pela quase totalidade da popula\u00E7\u00E3o argelina desempenharia um papel t\u00E3o importante quanto o dos partidos pol\u00EDticos conserva\u00E7\u00E3o e o avan\u00E7o da consci\u00EAncia nacionalista. Como ocorria em v\u00E1rios pa\u00EDses do Oriente M\u00E9dio desde fins do S\u00E9culo XIX, o isl\u00E3mismo seria uma for\u00E7a de oposi\u00E7\u00E3o ao imperialismo ocidental. Na d\u00E9cada de 1950, as tens\u00F5es anticoloniais se acumulavam por todo o continente africano. As dificuldades vividas pela Fran\u00E7a na Indochina e na Arg\u00E9lia contribu\u00EDram para a independ\u00EAncia negociada em 1956 no Marrocos e na Tun\u00EDsia, que, posteriormente, apoiaram o nacionalismo argelino. O principal rival argelino da Frente de Liberta\u00E7\u00E3o Nacional (FLN) \u2014 partido que deu o in\u00EDcio oficial \u00E0 revolu\u00E7\u00E3o \u2014 era o (MNA), criado mais tarde, cujos apoiantes principais eram trabalhadores argelinos em Fran\u00E7a. A FLN e o MNA lutaram entre si durante quase toda a dura\u00E7\u00E3o do conflito, pelo menos at\u00E9 pouco ap\u00F3s a independ\u00EAncia, onde a FLN consolidou-se como partido \u00FAnico. A Revolu\u00E7\u00E3o Argelina comprovaria a efici\u00EAncia de uma ampla luta popular desencadeada por um partido revolucion\u00E1rio solidamente ligado \u00E0s camadas populares. O processo, apresentou um alto pre\u00E7o, e os m\u00E9todos usados \u200B\u200Bdurante a guerra por ambos os lados (tortura, repress\u00E3o da popula\u00E7\u00E3o civil), que por alguns s\u00E3o considerados controversos, s\u00E3o justificados, em defesa dos argelinos, como uma resposta \u00E0 repress\u00E3o e ocupa\u00E7\u00E3o francesa, que alteraram o a organiza\u00E7\u00E3o comunit\u00E1ria da sociedade argelina, baseada nas tradi\u00E7\u00F5es isl\u00E2micas. O fim da luta armada marcaria o in\u00EDcio do processo de descoloniza\u00E7\u00E3o, o que implicaria transforma\u00E7\u00F5es fundamentais no relacionamento entre Arg\u00E9lia e Fran\u00E7a, uma vez que esta deixasse aquela em situa\u00E7\u00E3o econ\u00F4mica e social ca\u00F3tica. O conflito levou, ap\u00F3s os acordos de \u00C9vian de 18 de mar\u00E7o de 1962, \u00E0 independ\u00EAncia total da Arg\u00E9lia 4 meses depois, e precipitou o \u00EAxodo de habitantes de origem europeia - milhares de europeus-argelinos fugiram para a Fran\u00E7a em poucos meses com medo da vingan\u00E7a da FLN. Desses, muitos, ao deixarem a Arg\u00E9lia, destru\u00EDram ou prejudicavam o que n\u00E3o podiam levar, o que inclu\u00EDa desde infraestruturas b\u00E1sicas e servi\u00E7os p\u00FAblicos at\u00E9 m\u00F3veis e autom\u00F3veis. Durante o processo, a Arg\u00E9lia destacou-se pelos importantes resultados obtidos no processo de socializa\u00E7\u00E3o da economia, trabalhando quest\u00F5es como: a reforma agr\u00E1ria, a autogest\u00E3o, a nacionaliza\u00E7\u00E3o progressiva de bancos e grandes ind\u00FAstrias, bem como as conquistas sociais e culturais alcan\u00E7adas e reconhecidas internacionalmente. Ap\u00F3s terem lutado quase 10 anos - movidos pela forte onda nacionalista que percorreria o continente - ao menos 300.000 argelinos morreram durante o processo -, os argelinos, ao conquistar a independ\u00EAncia, passaram a enfrentar o desafio de reorganizar um pa\u00EDs com in\u00FAmeras feridas coloniais. No geral, a Arg\u00E9lia representou uma alternativa de desenvolvimento voltada para a explora\u00E7\u00E3o de seus recursos nacionais, priorizando o mecanismo de autogest\u00E3o da vida econ\u00F4mica, mantendo ainda sua independ\u00EAncia pol\u00EDtica e influenciando movimentos anticoloniais e anti-imperialistas em todas as partes do mundo. Cabe refor\u00E7ar que intelectuais da Teoria P\u00F3s-Colonial, como Aim\u00E9 C\u00E9saire tensionaram a viol\u00EAncia da coloniza\u00E7\u00E3o francesa a comparando com as a\u00E7\u00F5es nazistas na Europa. Isso \u00E9 refor\u00E7ado por alguns franceses, como o advogado e ex-guerrilheiro antinazista Jacques Verg\u00E8s, que comparou a resist\u00EAncia francesa frente a ocupa\u00E7\u00E3o nazista com a resist\u00EAncia argelina frente a ocupa\u00E7\u00E3o francesa. Aim\u00E9 C\u00E9saire tamb\u00E9m fala de Adolf Hitler, pensando suas a\u00E7\u00F5es como um crime contra o homem branco e respons\u00E1vel por aplicar \u00E0 Europa processos colonialistas que at\u00E9 ent\u00E3o s\u00F3 os \u00E1rabes da Arg\u00E9lia, os coolies da \u00CDndia e os negros da \u00C1frica estavam subordinados."@pt . . . . . . . . . . "Perang Kemerdekaan Aljazair (bahasa Prancis: Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie), adalah sebuah perang kemerdekaan Aljazair yang terjadi tahun 1954 sampai tahun 1962 yang memimpin kemerdekaan Aljazair dari Prancis. Perang ini disebabkan oleh serangan atas Aljazair Prancis oleh FLN pada tanggal 1 November 1954."@in . . . . . . "Lakhdar Ben Tobbal"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Paul Aussaresses"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "*140,000 to 152,863 FLN soldiers killed \n*Unknown wounded"@en . . . "\u0410\u043B\u0436\u0438\u0301\u0440\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 (\u0444\u0440. Guerre d'Alg\u00E9rie, \u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431. \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E, \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0435\u0440. 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"1123836837"^^ . . . . . 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"Mohamed Khider"@en . . . . "Algerian War"@en . "La guerra d'Algeria (anche guerra d'indipendenza algerina), \u00E8 il conflitto che oppose tra il 1\u00BA novembre 1954 e il 19 marzo 1962 l'esercito francese e gli indipendentisti algerini guidati dal Fronte di Liberazione Nazionale (FLN, Front de Lib\u00E9ration Nationale), che aveva rapidamente imposto la propria egemonia sulle altre formazioni politiche. Lo scontro si svolse principalmente in Algeria ma, a partire dal 1958, il FLN decise di aprire un secondo fronte in Francia, scatenando una serie di attentati. Nel corso del conflitto, la minoranza europea d'Algeria \u2013 i pieds noirs, installati prevalentemente nelle tre grandi citt\u00E0 di Orano, Algeri e Costantina \u2013 riusc\u00EC a imporre il ritorno di de Gaulle al potere, minacciando un colpo di Stato (maggio 1958). L'inedito successo di un movimento dagli evidenti tratti eversivi determin\u00F2 il crollo della pericolante IV Repubblica e l'avvento della V Repubblica, caratterizzata da una nuova Costituzione che conferiva poteri molto estesi al Presidente. La guerra \u2013 un \u00ABepisodio chiave della decolonizzazione\u00BB \u2013 fu particolarmente cruenta, con un altissimo numero di vittime, soprattutto tra i civili algerini. L'esercito francese, memore della recente sconfitta subita nella guerra d'Indocina, mise a punto una nuova strategia: la \u201Cguerra contro-sovversiva\u201D, caratterizzata da inedite tecniche di contro-guerriglia che facevano del controllo della popolazione la posta del conflitto. Dopo sette anni e mezzo di uno scontro senza esclusione di colpi, da una parte come dall'altra (generalizzazione della tortura, attentati, terrorismo, rappresaglie, napalm), gli algerini conquistarono l'indipendenza, che fu proclamata il 5 luglio 1962."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Independence of Algeria from France"@en . . . . . "*FLNpolitical victory" . . . . "\u0412\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0410\u043B\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0430"@ru . . . "Robert Lacoste"@en . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . "* Establishment of theFifth Republic" . . 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\u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03C4\u03C1\u03AC\u03C0\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03B7 \u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AC \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03B5\u03B4\u03AF\u03BF \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7\u03C2. \u0397 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0391\u03BB\u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD, \u03CC\u03BC\u03C9\u03C2, \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C0\u03CC\u03C6\u03B5\u03C5\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B5\u03BE\u03AD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BE\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C6\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03AF\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03AE\u03BC\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 3 \u0399\u03BF\u03C5\u03BB\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 1962."@el . ""@en . . "3,000 (OAS)" . . "Wojna algierska (Algierska wojna o niepodleg\u0142o\u015B\u0107, fr. Guerre d\u2019Alg\u00E9rie, arab. \u200F\u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629\u200E, trb. sura at-Thrir al-D\u017Czairija) \u2013 trwaj\u0105cy w latach 1954\u20131962 konflikt zbrojny pomi\u0119dzy Francj\u0105 a algierskim Frontem Wyzwolenia Narodowego."@pl . "\uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uC804\uC7C1"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ahmed Ben Bella"@en . . . "Guerra d'Alg\u00E8ria"@ca . . . . "Sa\u00EFd Mohammedi"@en . . . "82430"^^ . "French President Charles De Gaulle and the Six-Year War"@en . "20px|borderFLN" . "22px|borderPCA" . . . "~400,000 total deaths \n\n----"@en . . "Algerian War"@en . . "1.5 million total mobilized" . . . . . . . . . "Der Algerienkrieg (gleichbedeutend franz\u00F6sisch Guerre d\u2019Alg\u00E9rie; arabisch \u062B\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062D\u0631\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064A\u0629, DMG \u1E6Eaurat at-Ta\u1E25r\u012Br al-\u01E6az\u0101\u02BEiriyya, w\u00F6rtlich etwa Algerische Befreiungsrevolution) war ein bewaffneter Konflikt um die Unabh\u00E4ngigkeit Algeriens von Frankreich in den Jahren 1954 bis 1962. Er wurde planvoll von der marxistisch-nationalistischen FLN begonnen, die daf\u00FCr zu Mitteln des Terrorismus griff. Dem franz\u00F6sischen Milit\u00E4r gelang es \u2013 anders als im vorhergegangenen Indochinakrieg \u2013, milit\u00E4risch die Oberhand zu behalten. Kriegsverluste und Menschenrechtsverletzungen inklusive Folter durch franz\u00F6sische Truppen machten die Auseinandersetzung in Frankreich jedoch sehr unpopul\u00E4r.Charles de Gaulle wurde wieder mit der Regierung betraut, man verhandelte mit den algerischen Anf\u00FChrern, was zur Unab"@de . . . . "Henri Lorillot"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Politicians:"@en . . .