. . . . . . . "Seres Iluminados (tao\u00EDsmo)"@es . "hsien"@en . . "\u4ED9\u4EBA"@ja . . . . . "D\u00ECx\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . . "Seres Iluminados (taoismo)"@pt . . . . . "\u7A7A\u4ED9"@en . "( \uC774 \uBB38\uC11C\uB294 \uB3C4\uAD50\uC5D0 \uAD00\uD55C \uAC83\uC785\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uACE0\uAD6C\uB824\uC758 \uAD00\uC9C1\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC120\uC778 (\uACE0\uAD6C\uB824) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC120\uC778(\u4ED9\u4EBA, \uC601\uC5B4: xian)\uC740 \uC2E0\uC120(\u795E\u4ED9 \u00B7 \u795E\u50CA)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uCC98\uC74C\uC5D0 \uC120\uC778\uC740 \uC778\uAC04\uACFC\uB294 \uBCC4\uAC1C\uC758 \uC2E0(\u795E)\uC73C\uB85C \uAC04\uC8FC\uB418\uC5B4 \uBC29\uC0AC(\u65B9\u58EB: \uC77C\uC885\uC758 \uC0E4\uBA3C)\uC758 \uC911\uAC1C\uB85C \uC778\uAC04\uC5D0\uAC8C \uBD88\uB85C\uBD88\uC0AC\uC758 \uC57D\uC744 \uB9C8\uB828\uD574 \uC8FC\uB294 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC5EC\uACA8\uC84C\uB294\uB370, \uB4A4\uC5D0\uB294 \uB3C4\uAC00 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uACFC \uACB0\uD569\uB418\uC5B4 \uC778\uAC04\uC774 \uC218\uD589\uC5D0 \uC758\uD558\uC5EC \uC774\uB8E9\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC120\uC778\uC740 \uCD08\uC778\uC801 \uB2A5\uB825\uC744 \uC9C0\uB154\uC73C\uBA70 \uC18D\uC138\uB97C \uCD08\uC6D4\uD55C \uBD88\uB85C\uBD88\uC0AC\uC758 \uC874\uC7AC\uB85C\uC11C \uC911\uAD6D\uC778\uC758 \uC774\uC0C1\uC801 \uC778\uACA9\uC0C1(\u4EBA\u683C\u50CF)\uC774\uB2E4. \uC2E0\uC120\uC124(\u795E\u4ED9\u8AAA) \uB610\uB294 \uC2E0\uC120 \uC0AC\uC0C1(\u795E\u4ED9\u601D\u60F3)\uC740 \uBD88\uB85C\uBD88\uC0AC\uC758 \uC2E0\uC120 \uB610\uB294 \uC120\uC778(\u4ED9\u4EBA)\uC774 \uC2E4\uC7AC\uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uAC83\uACFC \uC778\uAC04\uC774 \uC120\uC778\uC774 \uB420 \uAC00\uB2A5\uC131\uC744 \uAC00\uC84C\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBBFF\uB294 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . "Xian (chinesisch \u4ED9, Pinyin Xi\u0101n, W.-G. Hsien, Jyutping Sin1, veraltete grafische Variante \u4EDA bzw. \u50CA) bezeichnet in der chinesischen Mythologie und dem Daoismus die Unsterblichen. F\u00FCr diese Verg\u00F6ttlichten wird manchmal auch die Bezeichnung \u201EHeilige\u201C verwendet. Sie sind ein sehr h\u00E4ufiges Motiv in chinesischen Legenden und der chinesischen Mythologie. Xian waren vorwiegend M\u00E4nner, jedoch z\u00E4hlten auch hin und wieder Frauen wie beispielsweise Magu, He Xiangu dazu. Die Unsterblichen zeichneten sich zu Lebzeiten durch \u00FCbernat\u00FCrliche Kr\u00E4fte sowie magische F\u00E4higkeiten aus und wurden nach ihrem Tode verg\u00F6ttlicht. Es hei\u00DFt, dass sie durch die Lande wanderten und im westlichen Kunlun-Gebirge, dem Aufenthaltsort der \u201EK\u00F6niginmutter des Westens\u201C, Xiwangmu, oder auf Inseln im \u00F6stlichen Meer lebten. Den Xian werden zudem verschiedene Formen zugeschrieben, wonach es himmlische, irdische und vom Leichnam gel\u00F6ste Xian gibt. Xian gilt im Daoismus als das Ideal der religi\u00F6sen Richtung. In einigen Schulen des Daoismus bedeutet die Verschmelzung des Qi im Dantian (energetisches Zentrum des Menschen) die Herstellung eines \u201Eheiligen Embryos\u201C (Shengtai), dem ewiges Leben gegeben ist. Die bekanntesten Unsterblichen sind die sogenannten Acht Unsterblichen (B\u0101xi\u0101n, \u516B\u4ED9): L\u00FC Dongbin, Li Tieguai, Zhongli Quan, Han Xiangzi, Cao Guojiu, Zhang Guolao, Lan Caihe, He Xiangu. Von ihnen finden sich in der chinesischen Kunst zahlreiche Darstellungen. Obwohl Lan Caihe zeitweilig als Frau dargestellt wurde, war He Xiangu die einzige Frau unter den Acht Unsterblichen."@de . . . . . . . "Charakteristick\u00FDm rysem taoismu a \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9 tradice je my\u0161lenka o mo\u017Enosti dosa\u017Een\u00ED nesmrtelnosti. Nauce o nesmrtelnosti a zp\u016Fsob\u016Fm, jak dos\u00E1hnout nesmrtelnosti, je v\u011Bnov\u00E1no mnoho knih. Recepty na dosa\u017Een\u00ED nesmrtelnosti vznikaly po tis\u00EDce let, u\u017E od starov\u011Bku. V taoistick\u00E9 literatu\u0159e lze naj\u00EDt popisy lid\u00ED \u017Eij\u00EDc\u00EDch dlouho a/nebo na nebes\u00EDch, t\u00E9ma nesmrtelnosti se objevuje v m\u00FDtech a legend\u00E1ch, v\u00FDzkum zam\u011B\u0159en\u00FD na dosa\u017Een\u00ED nesmrtelnosti se prov\u00E1d\u011Bl od velmi d\u00E1vn\u00FDch dob, c\u00EDsa\u0159i sna\u017Eili se sna\u017Eili dos\u00E1hnout nesmrtelnosti mnoha zp\u016Fsoby. Zn\u00E1m\u00E9 je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm p\u00E1tr\u00E1n\u00ED po nesmrtelnosti c\u00EDsa\u0159e \u010Cchin \u0160\u2019-chuang-ti."@cs . "Seres Iluminados es una traducci\u00F3n del t\u00E9rmino chino xianren \u4ED9\u4EBA (o shenxian). Este ideograma chino est\u00E1 compuesto por dos ideogramas que significan respectivamente persona (\u4EBA) y monta\u00F1a (\u5C71). La combinaci\u00F3n de los dos recibe generalmente la traducci\u00F3n de \"Inmortales\" o de santos tao\u00EDstas.\u200B"@es . "K\u014Dngx\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . "Xian (Hanzi=\u4ED9/\u4EDA/\u50CA; pinyin=xi\u0101n; w=hsien) merupakan sebuah kata (huruf/ karakter) China untuk menyebut seseorang yang mencapai pencerahan, diterjemahkan sebagai: \n* \"abadi secara spiritual; transenden; manusia super; makhluk surgawi\" (dalam filosofi dan kosmologi Daois/Taois) \n* \"abadi secara fisik; manusia abadi; yang abadi; orang suci\" (dalam agama dan panteon Daois) \n* \"alkemis; orang yang berusaha menemukan obat keabadian; orang yang mempraktikkan teknik-teknik umur panjang\" atau perluasannya \"(secara kimia, pola makan, metode qigong) untuk mendapatkan keabadian\" (dalam alkimia China) \n* \"Penyihir; penyulap; shaman\" (dalam mitologi Tiongkok) \n* \"jin; elf, peri; peri air\" (dalam literatur China populer, \u4ED9\u5883 xian jing adalah \"alam gaib\", malaikat) \n* \"orang suci yang tinggal di pegunungan "@in . . . "xi\u0101n"@en . "Xian (f\u00F6renklad kinesiska: \u4ED9; traditionell kinesiska: \u50CA; pinyin: Xi\u0101n; Wade\u2013Giles: Hsien) \u00E4r i kinesisk folktro och daoism ett uttryck f\u00F6r de od\u00F6dliga. Dessa gudomliga skepnaderna blir dessutom ofta omtalade som heliga. De spelar en framtr\u00E4dande roll i kinesiska legender och i kinesisk mytologi. Det \u00E4r f\u00F6r det mesta m\u00E4n som \u00E4r xian, men det ber\u00E4ttas \u00E4ven om kvinnliga xian, som exempelvis Ma Gu, som knyts till livselixiret. De od\u00F6dliga har under sitt v\u00E4rldsliga, jordiska liv uppvisat \u00F6vernaturliga krafter och magiska f\u00F6rm\u00E5gor. Efter d\u00F6den har de d\u00E5 blivit gudomliggjorda."@sv . . . "Seres Iluminados es una traducci\u00F3n del t\u00E9rmino chino xianren \u4ED9\u4EBA (o shenxian). Este ideograma chino est\u00E1 compuesto por dos ideogramas que significan respectivamente persona (\u4EBA) y monta\u00F1a (\u5C71). La combinaci\u00F3n de los dos recibe generalmente la traducci\u00F3n de \"Inmortales\" o de santos tao\u00EDstas.\u200B Este signo parece primero haber sido utilizado en competencia con \u50CA xi\u0101n, que tiene lugar del elemento de monta\u00F1a (xi\u0101n) del car\u00E1cter q\u012Ban (\u9077) significando Mover o movimiento. Los diccionarios de la dinast\u00EDa Han Shuowen Jiezi '(~ 121), que contienen \u50CA, y Shiming (~200), que contienen \u4ED9, ambos dan las siguientes definiciones: \"vivir mucho tiempo sin morir; ir\"; el Shiming dice, \"para ir a las monta\u00F1as\". La primera tierra de la inmortalidad eran islas monta\u00F1osas m\u00EDticas en el Mar Amarillo. Los \"inmortales\" en la cultura oriental (entendi\u00E9ndose c\u00F3mo seres que pueden vivir por un gran periodo de tiempo), destacan en la mitolog\u00EDa de Cultura China por poseer unos fant\u00E1sticos poderes sobrenaturales y dimensiones cosmol\u00F3gicas, cuyo estado trasciende la oposici\u00F3n entre la vida y la muerte, al vivir por periodos extremadamente largos (inmortalidad f\u00EDsica); y posteriormente a trav\u00E9s del tao\u00EDsmo, llegando el concepto de inmortalidad espiritual (inmortalidad tao\u00EDsta). Es evidente en el ideal de una transformaci\u00F3n que se produce en el inmortal consiguiendo la vida a trav\u00E9s de un estilo de vida saludable y una ascesis espec\u00EDfica, ayudado por el consumo de hierbas y pociones que alargan la vida y que se encuentran en los lugares m\u00E1gicos llamados \"cuevas celestes\" y \"tierra de la Felicidad\",\u200B principales lugares de residencia de estos seres fant\u00E1sticos. La creencia en los inmortales antes del nacimiento del tao\u00EDsmo por lo menos en su versi\u00F3n de\u00EDsta se han convertido en un elemento esencial de la Han oriental. Anteriormente, hab\u00EDan estado en el centro de las actuales , \u00AB Camino de los magos e inmortales\u00BB, aparecieron en el Per\u00EDodo de los Reinos Combatientes en el pa\u00EDs Qi y Yan al lado del Mar de Bohai. Los inmortales pertenecen al conjunto de los de la religi\u00F3n china, colectivamente conocida shenxian\u200B \u00AB dioses e inmortales\u00BB."@es . . . . "Ti\u0101nx\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . "Xian"@it . . . . . . "Nie\u015Bmiertelni \u2013 w religijnej odmianie taoizmu \u015Bwi\u0119ci, m\u0119\u017Cczy\u017Ani i kobiety, kt\u00F3rzy za \u017Cycia posiedli nadprzyrodzone zdolno\u015Bci (zazwyczaj alchemicy), a po \u015Bmierci stali si\u0119 bogami.O nie\u015Bmiertelnych, jako istotach wolnych i pozbawionych trosk, w kulturze taoistycznej pisa\u0142 jako pierwszy Zhuangzi, prawdopodobnie w znaczeniu alegorycznym, dla zilustrowania proponowanych przez siebie idea\u0142\u00F3w; jednak p\u00F3\u017Aniejsi taoi\u015Bci uznali ich za istoty realne. Nie\u015Bmiertelni dzielili si\u0119 na trzy klasy: Do najbardziej znanych nie\u015Bmiertelnych nale\u017Cy grupa O\u015Bmiu Nie\u015Bmiertelnych."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7167\u4ED9"@en . . "Il termine xian (\u4ED9\u4EBAT, xi\u0101nP, 'hsienW) (o xianren o il pi\u00F9 moderno shenxian), \u00E8 un sinogramma composto dalle parole \"persona\" (\u4EBA) e \"montagna\" (\u5C71) e che viene generalmente tradotto come \"immortale\" o \"santo taoista\". Lo si trova menzionato nel Daodejing, nello Zhu\u0101ngz\u01D0 e in numerosi testi taoisti del periodo dei regni combattenti. Il termine designa esseri mitologici dai poteri sovrannaturali la cui residenza \u00E8 solitamente collocata in un luogo altrettanto mitico, le grotte celesti o terre della felicit\u00E0 o ancora isole mistiche (\u6D1E\u5929\u798F\u5730 d\u00F2ng ti\u0101n f\u00FA d\u00EC). Lo stato di immortalit\u00E0 \u00E8 ci\u00F2 a cui ambiscono le pratiche taoiste, accessibile attraverso pratiche spirituali. Nel Taoismo moderno la nozione di immortalit\u00E0 \u00E8 andata evolvendosi, perdendo le connotazioni favolistiche e andando ad identificare "@it . . "\u795E\u4ED9\uFF0C\u662F\u300C\u795E\u300D\u4E0E\u300C\u4ED9\u300D\u7684\u7EDF\u79F0\uFF0C\u662F\u6307\u9053\u6559\u4E2D\u62E5\u6709\u5404\u79CD\u6CD5\u529B\u7684\u5F97\u9053\u4EBA\u7269\u3002\u795E\u4ED9\u90FD\u662F\u957F\u751F\u4E0D\u8001\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u968F\u610F\u53D8\u5316\u5F62\u6001\uFF0C\u6CD5\u529B\u9AD8\u5F3A\uFF0C\u5B58\u5728\u4E8E\u51E1\u4EBA\u65E0\u6CD5\u62B5\u8FBE\u7684\u7570\u4E16\u754C\u4E4B\u4E2D\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "Xian (Hanzi=\u4ED9/\u4EDA/\u50CA; pinyin=xi\u0101n; w=hsien) merupakan sebuah kata (huruf/ karakter) China untuk menyebut seseorang yang mencapai pencerahan, diterjemahkan sebagai: \n* \"abadi secara spiritual; transenden; manusia super; makhluk surgawi\" (dalam filosofi dan kosmologi Daois/Taois) \n* \"abadi secara fisik; manusia abadi; yang abadi; orang suci\" (dalam agama dan panteon Daois) \n* \"alkemis; orang yang berusaha menemukan obat keabadian; orang yang mempraktikkan teknik-teknik umur panjang\" atau perluasannya \"(secara kimia, pola makan, metode qigong) untuk mendapatkan keabadian\" (dalam alkimia China) \n* \"Penyihir; penyulap; shaman\" (dalam mitologi Tiongkok) \n* \"jin; elf, peri; peri air\" (dalam literatur China populer, \u4ED9\u5883 xian jing adalah \"alam gaib\", malaikat) \n* \"orang suci yang tinggal di pegunungan tinggi; orang gunung; rahib; petapa\" (etimologi rakyat untuk karakter \u4ED9) \n* \"abadi (bakat); manusia yang telah memenuhi; (keindahan) surgawi; menakjubkan; luar biasa\" (modifikasi metafora) Xian pengembangan tata bahasa dalam lingkup spiritual \"keabadian; pencerahan\", hingga fisikal \"keabadian; umur panjang\" termasuk metode-metode alkimia, meditasi pernapasan, dan , dan \"keabadian\" berwujud serta melegenda. Pola dasar xian digambarkan oleh . Mereka tidak terpengaruh panas dan dingin, tidak tersentuh oleh elemen-elemen, dan dapat terbang, melayang ke atas dengan anggun. Mereka tinggal terpisah dari dunia manusia yang hiruk-pikuk, hidup dari udara dan embun, serta tidak gelisah seperti manusia biasa, dan mempunyai kulit halus serta wajah lugu seperti anak-anak. Kehidupan para transenden tidak membutuhkan daya usaha yang paling tepat digambarkan sebagai spontan. Mereka mengingatkan pada petapa dan orang suci India kuno yang disebut \u1E5B\u1E63i yang juga memiliki penggambaran yang sama.1994:376 Berdasarkan Kamus Digital Buddhisme, huruf xian (\u4ED9) dalam bahasa Sanskerta dapat berarti \u1E5B\u1E63i (resi \"orang suci terinspirasi dalam Weda\")."@in . . . . . "Y\u00F3ux\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . "Xian (Chinese: \u4ED9/\u4EDA/\u50CA; pinyin: xi\u0101n; Wade\u2013Giles: hsien) refers to a person or similar entity having a long life or being immortal. The concept of xian has different implications dependent upon the specific context: philosophical, religious, mythological, or other symbolic or cultural occurrence. The Chinese word xian is translatable into English as: Xian semantically developed from meaning spiritual \"immortality; enlightenment\", to physical \"immortality; longevity\" involving methods such as alchemy, breath meditation, and tai chi chuan, and eventually to legendary and figurative \"immortality\"."@en . "Seres Iluminados \u00E9 uma tradu\u00E7\u00E3o do termo chin\u00EAs xianren (\u4ED9\u4EBA) (ou shenxian). Este ideograma chin\u00EAs \u00E9 composto por dois ideogramas que significam, respectivamente, pessoa (\u4EBA) e montanha (\u5C71). A combina\u00E7\u00E3o dos dois recebe, geralmente, a tradu\u00E7\u00E3o de imortais ou de santos taoistas."@pt . . . . . . "\u901A\u4ED9"@en . . . "Evoqu\u00E9 dans les \u0153uvres de Lao Zi, Zhuangzi et de nombreux textes \u00E0 partir des Royaumes combattants, l'immortel, xianren (chinois : \u4ED9\u4EBA ; pinyin : xi\u0101nr\u00E9n) ou xian (\u4ED9, xi\u0101n), est en Chine un \u00EAtre fantastique aux pouvoirs surnaturels et aux dimensions cosmologiques, dont l'\u00E9tat transcende l'opposition entre vie et mort. Il r\u00E9sulte en effet dans l'id\u00E9al d'une transformation qui se produit chez l'aspirant immortel de son vivant gr\u00E2ce \u00E0 une hygi\u00E8ne de vie et une asc\u00E8se sp\u00E9cifiques, aid\u00E9es par l'absorption d'herbes ou de potions de longue vie que l'on trouve dans des lieux magiques appel\u00E9s grottes c\u00E9lestes et terres de bonheur , r\u00E9sidences principales de ces \u00EAtres fantastiques."@fr . . . . . . . . . "Xian (mytologi)"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . "Evoqu\u00E9 dans les \u0153uvres de Lao Zi, Zhuangzi et de nombreux textes \u00E0 partir des Royaumes combattants, l'immortel, xianren (chinois : \u4ED9\u4EBA ; pinyin : xi\u0101nr\u00E9n) ou xian (\u4ED9, xi\u0101n), est en Chine un \u00EAtre fantastique aux pouvoirs surnaturels et aux dimensions cosmologiques, dont l'\u00E9tat transcende l'opposition entre vie et mort. Il r\u00E9sulte en effet dans l'id\u00E9al d'une transformation qui se produit chez l'aspirant immortel de son vivant gr\u00E2ce \u00E0 une hygi\u00E8ne de vie et une asc\u00E8se sp\u00E9cifiques, aid\u00E9es par l'absorption d'herbes ou de potions de longue vie que l'on trouve dans des lieux magiques appel\u00E9s grottes c\u00E9lestes et terres de bonheur , r\u00E9sidences principales de ces \u00EAtres fantastiques. La croyance aux immortels pr\u00E9c\u00E8de la naissance du tao\u00EFsme du moins dans sa version d\u00E9iste, dont ils sont devenus un \u00E9l\u00E9ment essentiel \u00E0 partir des Han orientaux. Auparavant, ils avaient \u00E9t\u00E9 au centre du courant Fangxiandao, \u00AB Voie des magiciens et des immortels \u00BB, apparu \u00E0 l'\u00E9poque des Royaumes combattants dans les pays de Qi et de Yan jouxtant la mer de Bohai. Les immortels appartiennent \u00E0 l'ensemble des divinit\u00E9s de la religion chinoise, appel\u00E9es collectivement shenxian (\u795E\u4ED9, sh\u00E9nxi\u0101n) \u00AB dieux et immortels \u00BB."@fr . "\u904A\u4ED9"@en . "Charakteristick\u00FDm rysem taoismu a \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9 tradice je my\u0161lenka o mo\u017Enosti dosa\u017Een\u00ED nesmrtelnosti. Nauce o nesmrtelnosti a zp\u016Fsob\u016Fm, jak dos\u00E1hnout nesmrtelnosti, je v\u011Bnov\u00E1no mnoho knih. Recepty na dosa\u017Een\u00ED nesmrtelnosti vznikaly po tis\u00EDce let, u\u017E od starov\u011Bku. V taoistick\u00E9 literatu\u0159e lze naj\u00EDt popisy lid\u00ED \u017Eij\u00EDc\u00EDch dlouho a/nebo na nebes\u00EDch, t\u00E9ma nesmrtelnosti se objevuje v m\u00FDtech a legend\u00E1ch, v\u00FDzkum zam\u011B\u0159en\u00FD na dosa\u017Een\u00ED nesmrtelnosti se prov\u00E1d\u011Bl od velmi d\u00E1vn\u00FDch dob, c\u00EDsa\u0159i sna\u017Eili se sna\u017Eili dos\u00E1hnout nesmrtelnosti mnoha zp\u016Fsoby. Zn\u00E1m\u00E9 je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm p\u00E1tr\u00E1n\u00ED po nesmrtelnosti c\u00EDsa\u0159e \u010Cchin \u0160\u2019-chuang-ti. Ch\u00E1p\u00E1n\u00ED nesmrtelnosti a jej\u00ED povahy se v pr\u016Fb\u011Bhu stalet\u00ED hodn\u011B m\u011Bnilo. P\u00E1tr\u00E1n\u00ED po nesmrtelnosti vedlo k rozvoji \u010D\u00EDnsk\u00E9 medic\u00EDny."@cs . . . . . "1108662714"^^ . "Xian (chinesisch \u4ED9, Pinyin Xi\u0101n, W.-G. Hsien, Jyutping Sin1, veraltete grafische Variante \u4EDA bzw. \u50CA) bezeichnet in der chinesischen Mythologie und dem Daoismus die Unsterblichen. F\u00FCr diese Verg\u00F6ttlichten wird manchmal auch die Bezeichnung \u201EHeilige\u201C verwendet. Sie sind ein sehr h\u00E4ufiges Motiv in chinesischen Legenden und der chinesischen Mythologie."@de . . . "\u4ED9/\u4EDA/\u50CA"@en . . . "Nie\u015Bmiertelni \u2013 w religijnej odmianie taoizmu \u015Bwi\u0119ci, m\u0119\u017Cczy\u017Ani i kobiety, kt\u00F3rzy za \u017Cycia posiedli nadprzyrodzone zdolno\u015Bci (zazwyczaj alchemicy), a po \u015Bmierci stali si\u0119 bogami.O nie\u015Bmiertelnych, jako istotach wolnych i pozbawionych trosk, w kulturze taoistycznej pisa\u0142 jako pierwszy Zhuangzi, prawdopodobnie w znaczeniu alegorycznym, dla zilustrowania proponowanych przez siebie idea\u0142\u00F3w; jednak p\u00F3\u017Aniejsi taoi\u015Bci uznali ich za istoty realne. Nie\u015Bmiertelni dzielili si\u0119 na trzy klasy: 1. \n* najwy\u017Csz\u0105 byli sheng ren, zamieszkuj\u0105cy najwy\u017Csze niebiosa; trudno ich odr\u00F3\u017Cni\u0107 od b\u00F3stw, zw\u0142aszcza \u017Ce okre\u015Blane by\u0142y tym samym terminem; 2. \n* cheng ren mieszkaj\u0105cy w drugim niebie; s\u0105 to dusze bohater\u00F3w i \u015Bwi\u0119tych taoistycznych; 3. \n* xian ren, najliczniejsi, \u017Cyj\u0105cy w najni\u017Cszych niebiosach, to filozofowie i m\u0119drcy taoistyczni, kt\u00F3rzy osi\u0105gn\u0119li nadprzyrodzone mo\u017Cliwo\u015Bci dzi\u0119ki swym praktykom. Ci z nie\u015Bmiertelnych, kt\u00F3rzy wybrali \u017Cycie na ziemi, byli w zasadzie nieodr\u00F3\u017Cnialni od \"zwyk\u0142ych\" mistrz\u00F3w taoistycznych. D\u0105\u017Cenie do nie\u015Bmiertelno\u015Bci (lub przynajmniej \u2013 d\u0142ugowieczno\u015Bci) sta\u0142o si\u0119 jednym z podstawowych element\u00F3w taoizmu religijnego. Nie\u015Bmiertelno\u015B\u0107 usi\u0142owano osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 poprzez za\u017Cywanie eliksir\u00F3w, lub przez praktyki ascetyczne, dietetyczne, oddechowe i seksualne. Wiara w eliksir by\u0142a bardzo silna i \u0142\u0105czony by\u0142 on z pot\u0119\u017Cnymi i popularnymi b\u00F3stwami jak Xiwangmu, Yi i jego \u017Cona Chang\u2019e. Jedna z najbardziej znanych opowie\u015Bci m\u00F3wi o Yi, kt\u00F3ry otrzyma\u0142 eliksir od Xiwangmu, ale Chang\u2019e mu go skrad\u0142a, osi\u0105gn\u0119\u0142a nie\u015Bmiertelno\u015B\u0107 i zosta\u0142a bogini\u0105 ksi\u0119\u017Cyca. Yi nie uda\u0142o si\u0119 uzyska\u0107 drugiej porcji eliksiru i zmar\u0142 na ziemi. Jako \u017Ar\u00F3d\u0142a eliksiru wymieniano specjalne drzewa, brzoskwinie (zw\u0142aszcza te rosn\u0105ce w ogrodzie Xiwangmu; do dzi\u015B brzoskwinia w Chinach jest symbolem nie\u015Bmiertelno\u015Bci), zio\u0142a, wod\u0119 ze specjalnych \u017Ar\u00F3de\u0142 itp. Staro\u017Cytny traktat geograficzny Ksi\u0119ga g\u00F3r i m\u00F3rz m\u00F3wi o drzewie nie\u015Bmiertelno\u015Bci i przynosz\u0105cym wieczn\u0105 m\u0142odo\u015B\u0107 \u017Ar\u00F3dle chi (czyli czerwonym, cynobrowym). Niestety eliksiry sporz\u0105dzane na bazie cynobru (siarczku rt\u0119ci), kt\u00F3ry w rodzimej postaci zawiera woln\u0105 rt\u0119\u0107, skraca\u0142y raczej ni\u017C przed\u0142u\u017Ca\u0142y \u017Cycie za\u017Cywaj\u0105cym. Cho\u0107 ostatecznie nieudane, poszukiwania alchemik\u00F3w taoistycznych znacznie przyczyni\u0142y si\u0119 do rozwoju chi\u0144skiej farmakopei, a w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z innymi praktykami \u2013 ca\u0142o\u015Bci chi\u0144skiej medycyny tradycyjnej. Wielu cesarzy podejmowa\u0142o wysi\u0142ki, by zdoby\u0107 eliksir nie\u015Bmiertelno\u015Bci, np. Qin Shi Huang zorganizowa\u0142 wyprawy poszukuj\u0105ce po\u0142o\u017Conych rzekomo na wschodnim oceanie Wysp Nie\u015Bmiertelnych, by od \u017Cyj\u0105cych tam istot uzyska\u0107 eliksir. P\u00F3\u017Aniejsi w\u0142adcy, np. Han Wudi, zatrudniali taoistycznych alchemik\u00F3w i mag\u00F3w. Jedna opowie\u015B\u0107 m\u00F3wi o dworzaninie, kt\u00F3ry po\u0142kn\u0105\u0142 przeznaczony dla cesarza eliksir, a gdy rozw\u015Bcieczony w\u0142adca nakaza\u0142 go straci\u0107, uratowa\u0142 g\u0142ow\u0119, twierdz\u0105c, \u017Ce je\u015Bli lek by\u0142 fa\u0142szywy, jego po\u0142kni\u0119cie i tak nie mia\u0142o znaczenia, a je\u015Bli prawdziwy, to rozkaz b\u0119dzie niewykonalny. Do najbardziej znanych nie\u015Bmiertelnych nale\u017Cy grupa O\u015Bmiu Nie\u015Bmiertelnych."@pl . "Immortel tao\u00EFste"@fr . . . "no"@en . "Nesmrtelnost (taoismus)"@cs . "51468"^^ . . . . . . . . "Nie\u015Bmiertelni (taoizm)"@pl . . . "\u98DB\u4ED9"@en . . . . . . . "8455187"^^ . . . . . . "Seres Iluminados \u00E9 uma tradu\u00E7\u00E3o do termo chin\u00EAs xianren (\u4ED9\u4EBA) (ou shenxian). Este ideograma chin\u00EAs \u00E9 composto por dois ideogramas que significam, respectivamente, pessoa (\u4EBA) e montanha (\u5C71). A combina\u00E7\u00E3o dos dois recebe, geralmente, a tradu\u00E7\u00E3o de imortais ou de santos taoistas."@pt . . . "Xian (Taoisme)"@in . . . . . "\u795E\u4ED9\uFF0C\u662F\u300C\u795E\u300D\u4E0E\u300C\u4ED9\u300D\u7684\u7EDF\u79F0\uFF0C\u662F\u6307\u9053\u6559\u4E2D\u62E5\u6709\u5404\u79CD\u6CD5\u529B\u7684\u5F97\u9053\u4EBA\u7269\u3002\u795E\u4ED9\u90FD\u662F\u957F\u751F\u4E0D\u8001\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u968F\u610F\u53D8\u5316\u5F62\u6001\uFF0C\u6CD5\u529B\u9AD8\u5F3A\uFF0C\u5B58\u5728\u4E8E\u51E1\u4EBA\u65E0\u6CD5\u62B5\u8FBE\u7684\u7570\u4E16\u754C\u4E4B\u4E2D\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "Xianren o shenxian (en xin\u00E8s: \u4ED9\u4EBA; en pinyin: Xi\u0101nr\u00E9n) (terme xin\u00E8s que significa \u00C9ssers Il\u00B7luminats), \u00E9s un ideograma compost per dos elements que signifiquen respectivament persona (\u4EBA) i muntanya (\u5C71). La combinaci\u00F3 dels dos rep generalment la traducci\u00F3 d'Immortals o de sants taoistes."@ca . . . . . . . . . . "Ju\u00E9x\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "F\u0113ix\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . . . . . . . . "\uC120\uC778"@ko . . "\u5730\u4ED9"@en . "Zh\u00E0ox\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . . . "D\u00E0ox\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . "Xianren"@ca . "Xian (Mythologie)"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Xian (f\u00F6renklad kinesiska: \u4ED9; traditionell kinesiska: \u50CA; pinyin: Xi\u0101n; Wade\u2013Giles: Hsien) \u00E4r i kinesisk folktro och daoism ett uttryck f\u00F6r de od\u00F6dliga. Dessa gudomliga skepnaderna blir dessutom ofta omtalade som heliga. De spelar en framtr\u00E4dande roll i kinesiska legender och i kinesisk mytologi. Det \u00E4r f\u00F6r det mesta m\u00E4n som \u00E4r xian, men det ber\u00E4ttas \u00E4ven om kvinnliga xian, som exempelvis Ma Gu, som knyts till livselixiret. De od\u00F6dliga har under sitt v\u00E4rldsliga, jordiska liv uppvisat \u00F6vernaturliga krafter och magiska f\u00F6rm\u00E5gor. Efter d\u00F6den har de d\u00E5 blivit gudomliggjorda. Det ber\u00E4ttas om att de vandrar runt hela landet. Deras hemplats ses dock vara Kunlunfj\u00E4llen i v\u00E4st (d\u00E4r \u00ABdrottningmodern i V\u00E4stern\u00BB Xi Wangmu bor) eller p\u00E5 \u00F6ar \u00F6ster om det kinesiska fastland. Deras framtoning kan variera. Inom daoismen \u00E4r xian religi\u00F6sa f\u00F6rebilder. Inom n\u00E5gra daoistiska skolor ses de som en symbol av sammansm\u00E4ltningen av qi med dantian (m\u00E4nniskans energicenter). Denna sammansm\u00E4ltning leder till att en shengtai (ett heligt embryo) med evigt liv skapas. De mest k\u00E4nda xian \u00E4r de s\u00E5 kallade \u00E5tta od\u00F6dliga: L\u00FC Dongbin, Li Tieguai, Zhongli Quan, Den Xiangzi, Cao Guojiu, Zhang Guolao, Lan Caihe och He Xiangu. Dessa finns ofta avbildade i kinesisk konst. \u00C4ven om Lan Caihe ibland framst\u00E4lls som kvinna, ser man He Xiangu som den enda kvinnan bland de \u00E5tta od\u00F6dliga."@sv . . . . . . . . . "\u041E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430 \u0438 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043E \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F. \u041D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0435 \u043E \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0449\u0435\u043D\u043E \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433. \u0420\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u044B \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u044B\u0441\u044F\u0447 \u043B\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442 \u0432 \u0433\u043B\u0443\u0431\u043E\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C. \u0412 \u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043E \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u0445 \u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u0445, \u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0444\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043B\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u043E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u044C \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0430, \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B \u043F\u044B\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u044C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u041E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B \u043F\u043E\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0426\u0438\u043D\u044C \u0428\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u043D\u0430."@ru . . . . . . "\u041E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430 \u0438 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043E \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F. \u041D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0435 \u043E \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0449\u0435\u043D\u043E \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433. \u0420\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u044B \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0441\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u044B\u0441\u044F\u0447 \u043B\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0442 \u0432 \u0433\u043B\u0443\u0431\u043E\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C. \u0412 \u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043E \u0434\u043E\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u0445 \u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0431\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F\u0445, \u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0444\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043B\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u043E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u044C \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0430, \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B \u043F\u044B\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u044C \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u041E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B \u043F\u043E\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0438\u043C\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0426\u0438\u043D\u044C \u0428\u0438\u0445\u0443\u0430\u043D\u0430. \u041F\u043E\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0434\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C. \u041F\u043E\u0438\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043D\u0443\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u043C\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043D\u0443, \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0434\u043E \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0440."@ru . . . "( \uC774 \uBB38\uC11C\uB294 \uB3C4\uAD50\uC5D0 \uAD00\uD55C \uAC83\uC785\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uACE0\uAD6C\uB824\uC758 \uAD00\uC9C1\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 \uC120\uC778 (\uACE0\uAD6C\uB824) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) \uC120\uC778(\u4ED9\u4EBA, \uC601\uC5B4: xian)\uC740 \uC2E0\uC120(\u795E\u4ED9 \u00B7 \u795E\u50CA)\uC774\uB77C\uACE0\uB3C4 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uCC98\uC74C\uC5D0 \uC120\uC778\uC740 \uC778\uAC04\uACFC\uB294 \uBCC4\uAC1C\uC758 \uC2E0(\u795E)\uC73C\uB85C \uAC04\uC8FC\uB418\uC5B4 \uBC29\uC0AC(\u65B9\u58EB: \uC77C\uC885\uC758 \uC0E4\uBA3C)\uC758 \uC911\uAC1C\uB85C \uC778\uAC04\uC5D0\uAC8C \uBD88\uB85C\uBD88\uC0AC\uC758 \uC57D\uC744 \uB9C8\uB828\uD574 \uC8FC\uB294 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC5EC\uACA8\uC84C\uB294\uB370, \uB4A4\uC5D0\uB294 \uB3C4\uAC00 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uACFC \uACB0\uD569\uB418\uC5B4 \uC778\uAC04\uC774 \uC218\uD589\uC5D0 \uC758\uD558\uC5EC \uC774\uB8E9\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC120\uC778\uC740 \uCD08\uC778\uC801 \uB2A5\uB825\uC744 \uC9C0\uB154\uC73C\uBA70 \uC18D\uC138\uB97C \uCD08\uC6D4\uD55C \uBD88\uB85C\uBD88\uC0AC\uC758 \uC874\uC7AC\uB85C\uC11C \uC911\uAD6D\uC778\uC758 \uC774\uC0C1\uC801 \uC778\uACA9\uC0C1(\u4EBA\u683C\u50CF)\uC774\uB2E4. \uC2E0\uC120\uC124(\u795E\u4ED9\u8AAA) \uB610\uB294 \uC2E0\uC120 \uC0AC\uC0C1(\u795E\u4ED9\u601D\u60F3)\uC740 \uBD88\uB85C\uBD88\uC0AC\uC758 \uC2E0\uC120 \uB610\uB294 \uC120\uC778(\u4ED9\u4EBA)\uC774 \uC2E4\uC7AC\uD55C\uB2E4\uB294 \uAC83\uACFC \uC778\uAC04\uC774 \uC120\uC778\uC774 \uB420 \uAC00\uB2A5\uC131\uC744 \uAC00\uC84C\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBBFF\uB294 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . "\u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0435 (\u0434\u0430\u043E\u0441\u0438\u0437\u043C)"@ru . "\u7CBE\u4ED9"@en . . . . . . . "J\u012Bngx\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . "\u7D55\u4ED9"@en . "T\u014Dngx\u00EDng xi\u0101n"@en . . . . "Xianren o shenxian (en xin\u00E8s: \u4ED9\u4EBA; en pinyin: Xi\u0101nr\u00E9n) (terme xin\u00E8s que significa \u00C9ssers Il\u00B7luminats), \u00E9s un ideograma compost per dos elements que signifiquen respectivament persona (\u4EBA) i muntanya (\u5C71). La combinaci\u00F3 dels dos rep generalment la traducci\u00F3 d'Immortals o de sants taoistes. Aquest signe sembla primer haver estat utilitzat en compet\u00E8ncia amb \u50CA xi\u0101n, que t\u00E9 lloc de l'element de muntanya (xi\u0101n) del car\u00E0cter q\u012Ban (\u9077) significant Moure o moviment. Els diccionaris de la dinastia Han Shuowen Jiezi '(~ 121), que contenen \u50CA, i Shiming (~200), que contenen \u4ED9, tots dos donen les seg\u00FCents definicions: \"viure molt temps sense morir; anar\"; el Shiming diu, \"per anar a les muntanyes\". La primera terra de la immortalitat eren illes muntanyenques m\u00EDtiques en el Mar Groc. Els immortals, dins la cultura xinesa posseeixen uns fant\u00E0stics poders sobrenaturals i dimensions cosmol\u00F2giques, l'estat de les quals transcendeix l'oposici\u00F3 entre la vida i la mort. Es produeix una transformaci\u00F3 en l'immortal a trav\u00E9s d'un estil de vida saludable i una ascesis espec\u00EDfica, ajudada pel consum d'herbes i pocions que allarguen la vida i que es troben en els llocs m\u00E0gics anomenats \"coves celestes\" i en la \"terra de la felicitat\", principals llocs de resid\u00E8ncia d'aquests \u00E9ssers fant\u00E0stics. La creen\u00E7a en els immortals abans del naixement del taoisme almenys en la seva versi\u00F3 deista s'han convertit en un element essencial de l'Han oriental. Anteriorment, havien estat al centre de les actuals fangxiandao, \u00ABCam\u00ED dels mags i immortals\u00BB. an apar\u00E8ixer en el Per\u00EDode dels Regnes Combatents als pa\u00EFsos de Qi i de Yan, al costat del Mar de Bohai. Els immortals pertanyen al conjunt dels d\u00E9us de la religi\u00F3 xinesa, col\u00B7lectivament coneguda shenxian, \u00ABd\u00E9us i immortals\u00BB."@ca . . . . . . . . "Il termine xian (\u4ED9\u4EBAT, xi\u0101nP, 'hsienW) (o xianren o il pi\u00F9 moderno shenxian), \u00E8 un sinogramma composto dalle parole \"persona\" (\u4EBA) e \"montagna\" (\u5C71) e che viene generalmente tradotto come \"immortale\" o \"santo taoista\". Lo si trova menzionato nel Daodejing, nello Zhu\u0101ngz\u01D0 e in numerosi testi taoisti del periodo dei regni combattenti. Il termine designa esseri mitologici dai poteri sovrannaturali la cui residenza \u00E8 solitamente collocata in un luogo altrettanto mitico, le grotte celesti o terre della felicit\u00E0 o ancora isole mistiche (\u6D1E\u5929\u798F\u5730 d\u00F2ng ti\u0101n f\u00FA d\u00EC). Lo stato di immortalit\u00E0 \u00E8 ci\u00F2 a cui ambiscono le pratiche taoiste, accessibile attraverso pratiche spirituali. Nel Taoismo moderno la nozione di immortalit\u00E0 \u00E8 andata evolvendosi, perdendo le connotazioni favolistiche e andando ad identificare queste creature con il termine shenxian (\u795E\u4ED9), spirito immortale. L'obiettivo del taoista \u00E8 dunque quello di raggiungere l'immortalit\u00E0 spirituale."@it . "\u4ED9\u4EBA\uFF08\u305B\u3093\u306B\u3093\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4E2D\u56FD\u306E\u9053\u6559\u306E\u795E\u3092\u6307\u3059\u8A00\u8449\u3002"@ja . . . "\u9053\u4ED9"@en . . . . . . . . "\u795E\u4ED9"@zh . "\u4ED9\u4EBA\uFF08\u305B\u3093\u306B\u3093\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4E2D\u56FD\u306E\u9053\u6559\u306E\u795E\u3092\u6307\u3059\u8A00\u8449\u3002"@ja . "\u5929\u4ED9"@en . . . . . . "Xian (Chinese: \u4ED9/\u4EDA/\u50CA; pinyin: xi\u0101n; Wade\u2013Giles: hsien) refers to a person or similar entity having a long life or being immortal. The concept of xian has different implications dependent upon the specific context: philosophical, religious, mythological, or other symbolic or cultural occurrence. The Chinese word xian is translatable into English as: \n* (in Daoist philosophy and cosmology) spiritually immortal; transcendent human; celestial being \n* (in Daoist religion and pantheon) physically immortal; immortal person; an immortal; saint \n* (in Chinese alchemy) alchemist; one who seeks the elixir of life; one who practices longevity techniques \n* (or by extension) alchemical, dietary, or qigong methods for attaining immortality \n* (in Chinese mythology) wizard; magician; shaman; sorcerer \n* (in popular Chinese literature) genie; elf, fairy; nymph; \u4ED9\u5883 (xian jing is fairyland, faery) \n* (based on the folk etymology for the character \u4ED9, a compound of the characters for person and mountain) sage living high in the mountains; mountain-man; hermit; recluse \n* (as a metaphorical modifier) immortal [talent]; accomplished person; celestial [beauty]; marvelous; extraordinary \n* (In new-age conception) seeker who takes refuge in immortality (longevity for the realization of divinity); transcended person [self] recoded by the \"higher self\"; divine soul; fully established being Xian semantically developed from meaning spiritual \"immortality; enlightenment\", to physical \"immortality; longevity\" involving methods such as alchemy, breath meditation, and tai chi chuan, and eventually to legendary and figurative \"immortality\". Victor H. Mair describes the xian archetype as: They are immune to heat and cold, untouched by the elements, and can fly, mounting upward with a fluttering motion. They dwell apart from the chaotic world of man, subsist on air and dew, are not anxious like ordinary people, and have the smooth skin and innocent faces of children. The transcendents live an effortless existence that is best described as spontaneous. They recall the ancient Indian ascetics and holy men known as \u1E5B\u1E63i who possessed similar traits."@en . "Xian (Taoism)"@en .