. . . "\u062A\u0639\u062F \u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062A\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062F\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064B \u062D\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064B \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644\u064A\u0629."@ar . . "38183980"^^ . . . . . . "Femmes dans la guerre"@fr . "L'exp\u00E9rience des femmes dans la guerre correspond \u00E0 une multitude de situations. Historiquement, elles ont jou\u00E9 un r\u00F4le majeur \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re du front. Au fil de l'histoire, des femmes ont accompagn\u00E9 des arm\u00E9es, s'occupant du soutien en tant que cuisini\u00E8res ou blanchisseuses. Elles avaient pour t\u00E2che de s'adonner aux soins. D'autres, \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re, exer\u00E7aient dans des usines de munitions et rempla\u00E7aient les fonctions des hommes partis au combat. La Seconde Guerre mondiale marque un tournant : des millions de femmes jouent un r\u00F4le important \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re et certaines s'engagent dans les op\u00E9rations, surtout dans les unit\u00E9s antia\u00E9riennes pour frapper les bombardiers ennemis. Les mouvements de r\u00E9sistance s'appuient largement sur des combattantes. Apr\u00E8s 1945, le r\u00F4le des femmes dans l'arm\u00E9e conna\u00EEt un"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "5879"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Women in war"@en . . . . "The experiences of women in war have been diverse. Historically women have played more than major roles on the home front. Citing Queen Boudica, Queen Elizabeth I, Catherine de' Medici, Catherine the Great, Maria Theresa, Golda Meir, Indira Gandhi, Aba women and Margaret Thatcher, British historian Andrew Roberts concludes: \"The witness of history is virtually uniform in the willingness of female decision makers to fight, once they have decided the causes just and/or necessary.\" Below the level of queens and prime ministers, throughout history, some women accompanied armies assigned combat missions, usually handling roles such as cooking and laundry, as relations and camp followers. They sewed bandages, rubbed cow pat as 'medicine' and other medical equipment for the soldiers. Women worked in munitions factories. Nursing became a major role starting in the middle 19th century. The main role in World War I (1914-1918) was employment in munitions factories, farming, and other roles to replace men drafted for the army. Women played an important role in making the system of food rationing work. World War II (1939-1945) marked a decisive turning point, with millions of women handling important homefront roles, such as working in munitions factories and otherwise replacing drafted men. Volunteer roles expanded. The most dramatic new change was millions of women in regular military units. Typically they handled clerical roles so that some men could be released for combat. Many women in the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany and the United Kingdom fought in combat roles especially in anti-aircraft units, where they shot down enemy bombers. Underground and resistance movements made extensive use of women in combat roles. Reaction set in after 1945, and the roles allowed to women was sharply reduced in all major armies. Restarting in the 1970s, women played an increasing role in the military of major nations, including by 2005 roles as combat pilots. The new combat roles were highly controversial for many reasons including differences in physical capabilities of the sexes and issues of gender identity for both women and men."@en . "L'exp\u00E9rience des femmes dans la guerre correspond \u00E0 une multitude de situations. Historiquement, elles ont jou\u00E9 un r\u00F4le majeur \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re du front. Au fil de l'histoire, des femmes ont accompagn\u00E9 des arm\u00E9es, s'occupant du soutien en tant que cuisini\u00E8res ou blanchisseuses. Elles avaient pour t\u00E2che de s'adonner aux soins. D'autres, \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re, exer\u00E7aient dans des usines de munitions et rempla\u00E7aient les fonctions des hommes partis au combat. La Seconde Guerre mondiale marque un tournant : des millions de femmes jouent un r\u00F4le important \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re et certaines s'engagent dans les op\u00E9rations, surtout dans les unit\u00E9s antia\u00E9riennes pour frapper les bombardiers ennemis. Les mouvements de r\u00E9sistance s'appuient largement sur des combattantes. Apr\u00E8s 1945, le r\u00F4le des femmes dans l'arm\u00E9e conna\u00EEt un fort d\u00E9clin puis un rebond dans les ann\u00E9es 1970 : les femmes jouent un r\u00F4le militaire de plus en plus important dans des nations influentes. Ces nouvelles fonctions suscitent parfois des controverses sur plusieurs questions, comme les disparit\u00E9s dans les aptitudes physiques ainsi que sur l'identit\u00E9 de genre tant des femmes que des hommes. En raison des violences qui les ciblent dans les conflits arm\u00E9s, le droit international humanitaire accorde aux femmes, combattantes ou non combattantes, des droit \u00E9gaux \u00E0 ceux de leurs homologues masculins ainsi que des protections particuli\u00E8res."@fr . . . . . . . . "1094992829"^^ . . . . "The experiences of women in war have been diverse. Historically women have played more than major roles on the home front. Citing Queen Boudica, Queen Elizabeth I, Catherine de' Medici, Catherine the Great, Maria Theresa, Golda Meir, Indira Gandhi, Aba women and Margaret Thatcher, British historian Andrew Roberts concludes: \"The witness of history is virtually uniform in the willingness of female decision makers to fight, once they have decided the causes just and/or necessary.\""@en . . . . "\u062A\u0639\u062F \u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062A\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062F\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064B \u062D\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064B \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u062E\u0644\u064A\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628"@ar . .