. . . . . . . "\uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790"@ko . . . . . . . "Un alphabet unicam\u00E9ral, monocam\u00E9ral ou \u00E0 casse unique, ne comporte qu\u2019une graphie pour chacun de ses caract\u00E8res ; il n\u2019existe alors ni lettre minuscule ni lettre capitale mais seulement des lettres. Le persan, le kannara, le tamoul, l\u2019arabe, l\u2019h\u00E9breu, le g\u00E9orgien et le cor\u00E9en s'\u00E9crivent avec des alphabets unicam\u00E9raux, alors que le latin moderne, le grec, le cyrillique et l\u2019arm\u00E9nien sont des \u00E9critures bicam\u00E9rales, car elles ont deux casses pour chaque lettre, exemples : B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562. Des caract\u00E8res isol\u00E9s peuvent aussi \u00EAtre dits unicam\u00E9raux s\u2019ils sont utilis\u00E9s comme des lettres dans un alphabet bicam\u00E9ral tout en n\u2019ayant qu\u2019une forme pour les deux casses ; c\u2019est le cas de l\u2019okina (\u02BB) utilis\u00E9 par des langues polyn\u00E9siennes ainsi que du coup de glotte (\u0294) utilis\u00E9 dans des langues comme le nuuchahnulth.Certains sp\u00E9cialistes supposent que tous les alphabets bicam\u00E9raux ont d'abord \u00E9t\u00E9 sans casse. Le latin par exemple, a d'abord \u00E9t\u00E9 \u00E9crit dans un alphabet monocam\u00E9ral aux temps de l'Empire romain, alphabet qui correspond \u00E0 peu pr\u00E8s au haut de casse (majuscules et capitales) de l'alphabet latin actuel ; ce n'est que plus tard que les scribes ont d\u00E9velopp\u00E9 de nouveaux jeux de symboles pour le reste des textes, qui sont devenus le bas-de-casse de l'alphabet latin. L'alphabet g\u00E9orgien, de son c\u00F4t\u00E9, a connu une \u00E9volution inverse : au moyen \u00E2ge, le g\u00E9orgien disposait aussi de deux jeux de caract\u00E8res comme une \u00E9criture bicam\u00E9rale, mais l'usage de ces deux casses aboutit ensuite \u00E0 un syst\u00E8me unicam\u00E9ral. La forme eccl\u00E9siastique de l'alphabet g\u00E9orgien, le khutsuri, avait une casse sup\u00E9rieure appel\u00E9e asomtavruli (comparable aux capitales du latin) et une casse inf\u00E9rieure appel\u00E9e nuskhuri (comparable aux minuscules latines). De ce nuskhuri est apparu un alphabet profane unicam\u00E9ral, le mkhedruli, qui est l'alphabet g\u00E9orgien utilis\u00E9 de nos jours. En 1982, Michael Mann et David Dalby ont propos\u00E9 une variation de l'alphabet africain de r\u00E9f\u00E9rence qui \u00E9tait une version unicam\u00E9rale de l'alphabet latin. Cette version n'a apparemment jamais \u00E9t\u00E9 activement utilis\u00E9e. Un autre exemple d'alphabet latin unicam\u00E9ral est l'Alphabet d'enseignement initial. De temps \u00E0 autre, des fontes (de caract\u00E8res) sont cr\u00E9\u00E9es avec un aspect unicam\u00E9ral pour leur donner un genre particulier ; c'\u00E9tait populaire dans les ann\u00E9es 1960. L'alphabet phon\u00E9tique international utilise des minuscules latines et grecques et quelques lettres issues des casses sup\u00E9rieures (des petites capitales en fait), ce qui aboutit \u00E0 un alphabet unicam\u00E9ral, bien qu\u2019il ne soit utilis\u00E9 \u00E0 l\u2019\u00E9crit pour aucune langue."@fr . "\u00C9criture unicam\u00E9rale"@fr . "2872"^^ . . "Una escriptura de caixa \u00FAnica, tamb\u00E9 anomenat alfabet unicameral, monocameral, \u00E9s un tipus d'escriptura que no distingeix entre min\u00FAscules i maj\u00FAscules, \u00E9s a dir, que t\u00E9 nom\u00E9s una al\u00E7ada de caixa per a cada car\u00E0cter. El persa, el , el t\u00E0mil, l'\u00E0rab, l'hebreu, el georgi\u00E0 i el core\u00E0 s'escriuen amb alfabets unicamerals, mentre que el llat\u00ED modern, el grec, el cir\u00EDl\u00B7lic i l'armeni s\u00F3n escriptura de dues caixes o bicamerals, perqu\u00E8 tenen dues al\u00E7ades de caixa (caixa alta i caixa baixa) per a cada lletra, com per exemple: B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562. Alguns especialistes suposen que tots els alfabets de dues caixes van \u00E9sser primer monocamerals. El llat\u00ED, per exemple, s'escrivia com a alfabet d'una sola caixa a l'\u00E8poca de l'Imperi rom\u00E0, alfabet que correspon m\u00E9s o menys a la caixa alta (maj\u00FAscules i capitals) de l'alfabet llat\u00ED actual; posteriorment els escribes van desenvolupar nous jocs de s\u00EDmbols per a la resta dels textos, que han esdevingut la caixa baixa de l'alfabet llat\u00ED. L'alfabet georgi\u00E0, d'altra banda, ha tingut una evoluci\u00F3 inversa: a l'edat mitjana, el georgi\u00E0 disposava tamb\u00E9 de dos jocs de car\u00E0cters com una escriptura bicameral, per\u00F2 l'\u00FAs d'aquestes dues caixes va desembocar posteriorment a un sistema unicameral. La forma eclesi\u00E0stica de l'alfabet georgi\u00E0, el khutsuri, tenia una caixa alta anomenada asomtavruli (equiparable a les capitals del llat\u00ED) i una caixa baixa anomenada nuskhuri (equiparable a les min\u00FAscules llatines). D'aquest nuskhuri en va sortir un alfabet prof\u00E0 unicameral, el mkhedruli, que \u00E9s l'alfabet georgi\u00E0 utilitzat actualment."@ca . "Un alphabet unicam\u00E9ral, monocam\u00E9ral ou \u00E0 casse unique, ne comporte qu\u2019une graphie pour chacun de ses caract\u00E8res ; il n\u2019existe alors ni lettre minuscule ni lettre capitale mais seulement des lettres. Le persan, le kannara, le tamoul, l\u2019arabe, l\u2019h\u00E9breu, le g\u00E9orgien et le cor\u00E9en s'\u00E9crivent avec des alphabets unicam\u00E9raux, alors que le latin moderne, le grec, le cyrillique et l\u2019arm\u00E9nien sont des \u00E9critures bicam\u00E9rales, car elles ont deux casses pour chaque lettre, exemples : B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562."@fr . . . "1117104158"^^ . . . . . "\uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790(\u55AE\u4E00\u5F62 \u6587\u5B57, unicase)\uB780 \uBB38\uC790 \uCCB4\uACC4 \uB0B4\uC5D0\uC11C \uAE00\uC790\uAC00 \uD45C\uC900\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD55C\uAC00\uC9C0 \uAF34\uB9CC \uAC16\uCD98 \uBB38\uC790\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uD55C\uAE00, \uD788\uBE0C\uB9AC \uBB38\uC790, \uC544\uB78D \uBB38\uC790 \uB4F1\uC740 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD558\uBA70, \uC774\uC5D0 \uBC18\uD574 \uD55C \uAE00\uC790\uAC00 \uB300\uBB38\uC790/\uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uC758 \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0 \uD45C\uC900 \uAF34\uC744 \uAC16\uCD98 \uB85C\uB9C8\uC790, \uD0A4\uB9B4 \uBB38\uC790, \uADF8\uB9AC\uC2A4 \uBB38\uC790 \uB4F1\uC740 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uAC00 \uC544\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uB85C\uB9C8\uC790, \uD0A4\uB9B4 \uBB38\uC790\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC720\uB7FD\uC758 \uBB38\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uBCF8\uB514 \uACE0\uB300\uC5D0\uB294 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790(\uB300\uBB38\uC790\uB9CC \uC874\uC7AC)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD588\uB2E4\uAC00 \uB4B7\uB0A0\uC5D0 \uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uAC00 \uAC16\uCDB0\uC838 \uBCF5\uD569\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uB85C \uBC1C\uC804\uD574 \uC654\uB2E4. \uBC18\uBA74, \uC870\uC9C0\uC544 \uBB38\uC790\uB294 \uBCF5\uD569\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uC600\uB2E4\uAC00 \uD558\uB098\uB85C \uD569\uCCD0\uC9C4 \uACBD\uC6B0\uC774\uB2E4. \uB85C\uB9C8\uC790\uB3C4 \uC4F0\uC784\uC0C8\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C\uC11C \uB300\uBB38\uC790/\uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uC758 \uAD6C\uBCC4\uC5C6\uC774 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uB85C \uC4F0\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. IPA\uAC00 \uADF8\uB7EC\uD558\uBA70 \uD074\uB9C1\uC628\uC5B4 \uAC19\uC740 \uC778\uACF5\uC5B4\uC758 \uD45C\uAE30\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uB300\uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uB97C \uAD6C\uBCC4\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4."@ko . . "Una escriptura de caixa \u00FAnica, tamb\u00E9 anomenat alfabet unicameral, monocameral, \u00E9s un tipus d'escriptura que no distingeix entre min\u00FAscules i maj\u00FAscules, \u00E9s a dir, que t\u00E9 nom\u00E9s una al\u00E7ada de caixa per a cada car\u00E0cter. El persa, el , el t\u00E0mil, l'\u00E0rab, l'hebreu, el georgi\u00E0 i el core\u00E0 s'escriuen amb alfabets unicamerals, mentre que el llat\u00ED modern, el grec, el cir\u00EDl\u00B7lic i l'armeni s\u00F3n escriptura de dues caixes o bicamerals, perqu\u00E8 tenen dues al\u00E7ades de caixa (caixa alta i caixa baixa) per a cada lletra, com per exemple: B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562."@ca . . . "Alfabeton a\u016D skribsistemon kiu ne posedas plurajn usklojn por siaj literoj (do, en kiu uzo de minuskloj kaj majuskloj ne havas gramatikan rolon) oni nomas senuskla.Ekzemple, la skriboj araba, devanagara, hebrea, kartvela estas senusklaj.La \u015Cava alfabeto estas senuskla (oni anta\u016Dmetas la \u00ABnompunkton\u00BB \u201E\u22C5\u201C por marki la nomojn proprajn).Anka\u016D la Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto estas senuskla."@eo . "Alfabeton a\u016D skribsistemon kiu ne posedas plurajn usklojn por siaj literoj (do, en kiu uzo de minuskloj kaj majuskloj ne havas gramatikan rolon) oni nomas senuskla.Ekzemple, la skriboj araba, devanagara, hebrea, kartvela estas senusklaj.La \u015Cava alfabeto estas senuskla (oni anta\u016Dmetas la \u00ABnompunkton\u00BB \u201E\u22C5\u201C por marki la nomojn proprajn).Anka\u016D la Internacia Fonetika Alfabeto estas senuskla."@eo . . . "A unicase or unicameral alphabet has just one case for its letters. Arabic, Brahmic scripts like Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Old Hungarian (Hungarian Runic), Hebrew, Iberian, Georgian, and Hangul are unicase writing systems, while (modern) Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, and Armenian are bicameral, as they have two cases for each letter, e.g., B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562. Individual characters can also be called unicameral if they are used as letters with a generally bicameral alphabet but have only one form for both cases; for example, \u02BBokina (\u02BB), used in Polynesian languages, and glottal stop (\u0294) as used in Nuu-chah-nuulth. Most alphabets today with two cases were once unicase. Latin used to be written with a unicase alphabet in imperial Roman times; it was only later that scribes developed new sets of symbols for running text, which became the lower case of the Latin alphabet, while the letterforms of Ancient Rome came to be called capitals or upper case. A unicase version of the Latin alphabet was proposed by Michael Mann and David Dalby in 1982 as a variation of the Niamey African Reference Alphabet. This version has apparently never been actively used. Another example of unicase Latin alphabet is the Initial Teaching Alphabet. Occasionally some fonts use unicase designs to create an unusual effect; this was particularly popular in the 1960s. The International Phonetic Alphabet only uses lowercase Latin (and Greek) letters and some scaled upper-case letters (small caps), effectively making it a unicase alphabet, although it is not used for ordinary writing of any language. Latin alphabets in modern times that are unicase include Saanich (uppercase except for the suffix -s) in Canada, and palawa kani (lowercase) of Tasmania in Australia."@en . . . . . "Escriptura de caixa \u00FAnica"@ca . . . "2411585"^^ . "Un alfabeto unicamerale o unicase ha la caratteristica di non avere lettere maiuscole o minuscole. Gli alfabeti tamil, arabo, ungherese antico, ebraico, georgiano e hang\u016Dl sono esempi di alfabeti unicamerali, mentre quelli latino, greco, cirillico e armeno hanno due possibili modi di scrittura per ogni lettera, come ad esempio B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562. Si ritiene plausibile che tutti gli alfabeti con distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole fossero all'origine unicamerali. L'alfabeto latino ad esempio consisteva inizialmente delle sole lettere maiuscole; fu solo nel Medioevo che entrarono nell'uso anche le lettere minuscole, derivate dalla scrittura corsiva che risultava pi\u00F9 rapida ed adatta per la scrittura a penna. L'alfabeto georgiano d'altro canto, fece il percorso opposto: dal periodo medievale che vedeva una scrittura maiuscola/minuscola per le lettere, fin\u00EC col divenire un alfabeto unicamerale. La forma ecclesiastica di scrittura dell'alfabeto georgiano, il Khutsuri, prevedeva l'utilizzo di un alfabeto maiuscolo, l'Asomtavruli (\u10D0\u10E1\u10DD\u10DB\u10D7\u10D0\u10D5\u10E0\u10E3\u10DA\u10D8), ed uno minuscolo, il Nusxuri (\u10DC\u10E3\u10E1\u10EE\u10E3\u10E0\u10D8); fu dall'evoluzione di quest'ultimo che si svilupp\u00F2 il Mkhedruli, l'alfabeto georgiano unicamerale utilizzato ai giorni nostri. Una versione unicamerale dell'alfabeto latino fu proposta da Michael Mann e David Dalby nel 1982, come variazione dell' sviluppato alla conferenza di Niamey, nel Niger, nel 1978; comunque questa versione non \u00E8 mai stata utilizzata in pratica. L'alfabeto fonetico internazionale utilizza unicamente lettere minuscole latine e greche, oltre ad alcune lettere maiuscole in scala, fatto che lo rende a tutti gli effetti un alfabeto unicamerale (sebbene non sia utilizzato come sistema di scrittura di alcuna lingua)."@it . . "Senuskla"@eo . . . . . . "Un alfabeto unicamerale o unicase ha la caratteristica di non avere lettere maiuscole o minuscole. Gli alfabeti tamil, arabo, ungherese antico, ebraico, georgiano e hang\u016Dl sono esempi di alfabeti unicamerali, mentre quelli latino, greco, cirillico e armeno hanno due possibili modi di scrittura per ogni lettera, come ad esempio B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562. Una versione unicamerale dell'alfabeto latino fu proposta da Michael Mann e David Dalby nel 1982, come variazione dell' sviluppato alla conferenza di Niamey, nel Niger, nel 1978; comunque questa versione non \u00E8 mai stata utilizzata in pratica."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Unicase"@en . . "Unicamerale"@it . . . "A unicase or unicameral alphabet has just one case for its letters. Arabic, Brahmic scripts like Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil, Old Hungarian (Hungarian Runic), Hebrew, Iberian, Georgian, and Hangul are unicase writing systems, while (modern) Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, and Armenian are bicameral, as they have two cases for each letter, e.g., B/b, \u0392/\u03B2, \u0411/\u0431, \u0532/\u0562. Individual characters can also be called unicameral if they are used as letters with a generally bicameral alphabet but have only one form for both cases; for example, \u02BBokina (\u02BB), used in Polynesian languages, and glottal stop (\u0294) as used in Nuu-chah-nuulth."@en . . . . "\uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790(\u55AE\u4E00\u5F62 \u6587\u5B57, unicase)\uB780 \uBB38\uC790 \uCCB4\uACC4 \uB0B4\uC5D0\uC11C \uAE00\uC790\uAC00 \uD45C\uC900\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uD55C\uAC00\uC9C0 \uAF34\uB9CC \uAC16\uCD98 \uBB38\uC790\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uD55C\uAE00, \uD788\uBE0C\uB9AC \uBB38\uC790, \uC544\uB78D \uBB38\uC790 \uB4F1\uC740 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD558\uBA70, \uC774\uC5D0 \uBC18\uD574 \uD55C \uAE00\uC790\uAC00 \uB300\uBB38\uC790/\uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uC758 \uB450 \uAC00\uC9C0 \uD45C\uC900 \uAF34\uC744 \uAC16\uCD98 \uB85C\uB9C8\uC790, \uD0A4\uB9B4 \uBB38\uC790, \uADF8\uB9AC\uC2A4 \uBB38\uC790 \uB4F1\uC740 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uAC00 \uC544\uB2C8\uB2E4. \uB85C\uB9C8\uC790, \uD0A4\uB9B4 \uBB38\uC790\uC640 \uAC19\uC740 \uC720\uB7FD\uC758 \uBB38\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uBCF8\uB514 \uACE0\uB300\uC5D0\uB294 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790(\uB300\uBB38\uC790\uB9CC \uC874\uC7AC)\uC5D0 \uC18D\uD588\uB2E4\uAC00 \uB4B7\uB0A0\uC5D0 \uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uAC00 \uAC16\uCDB0\uC838 \uBCF5\uD569\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uB85C \uBC1C\uC804\uD574 \uC654\uB2E4. \uBC18\uBA74, \uC870\uC9C0\uC544 \uBB38\uC790\uB294 \uBCF5\uD569\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uC600\uB2E4\uAC00 \uD558\uB098\uB85C \uD569\uCCD0\uC9C4 \uACBD\uC6B0\uC774\uB2E4. \uB85C\uB9C8\uC790\uB3C4 \uC4F0\uC784\uC0C8\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C\uC11C \uB300\uBB38\uC790/\uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uC758 \uAD6C\uBCC4\uC5C6\uC774 \uB2E8\uC77C\uD615 \uBB38\uC790\uB85C \uC4F0\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. IPA\uAC00 \uADF8\uB7EC\uD558\uBA70 \uD074\uB9C1\uC628\uC5B4 \uAC19\uC740 \uC778\uACF5\uC5B4\uC758 \uD45C\uAE30\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uB300\uC18C\uBB38\uC790\uB97C \uAD6C\uBCC4\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4."@ko .