. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Las lenguas espurias son lenguajes que han sido reportados como existentes en trabajos respetables, mientras que otras investigaciones han informado que el lenguaje en cuesti\u00F3n no exist\u00EDa. Se ha demostrado que algunos lenguajes espurios no existen. Otros tienen muy poca evidencia que respalde su existencia y han sido descartados en estudios posteriores. Otros todav\u00EDa tienen una existencia incierta debido a la investigaci\u00F3n limitada."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Langue non attest\u00E9e"@fr . . "\uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky jsou jazyky, kter\u00E9 se objev\u00ED v r\u016Fzn\u00FDch zdroj\u00EDch, kde je uv\u00E1d\u011Bno, \u017Ee se jimi n\u011Bkde mluv\u00ED, ale jin\u00E9 zdroje to pop\u00EDraj\u00ED. Fale\u0161n\u00FD jazyk pak vznikne tak, \u017Ee se prok\u00E1\u017Ee, \u017Ee dan\u00FD jazyk neexistuje. \u010Casto vzniknou fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky tak, \u017Ee si je n\u011Bkdo vymysl\u00ED (jedn\u00E1 se o hoax). Dal\u0161\u00ED d\u016Fvodem vzniku fale\u0161n\u00FDch jazyk\u016F je situace, \u017Ee se objev\u00ED ji\u017E existuj\u00EDc\u00ED jazyk, jenom pod jin\u00FDm jm\u00E9nem. Tato situace \u010Dasto nast\u00E1v\u00E1 v jazykov\u011B nejrozmanit\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED oblasti sv\u011Bta, na Papui Nov\u00E9 Guiney. Mezi nejzn\u00E1m\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky pat\u0159\u00ED indi\u00E1nsk\u00E9 jazyky kukur\u00E1 a ."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Une langue non attest\u00E9e est une langue d\u00E9crite dans des \u0153uvres de renom, alors que des recherches ult\u00E9rieures d\u00E9montrent que celle-ci n'a jamais exist\u00E9. Certaines sont av\u00E9r\u00E9es ne pas exister tandis que d'autres ont tr\u00E8s peu de preuves \u00E0 l'appui et ont \u00E9t\u00E9 retir\u00E9es des \u00E9tudes linguistiques. Il arrive parfois que deux ou plusieurs langues se trouvent \u00EAtre une langue unique, c'est notamment le cas des vari\u00E9t\u00E9s linguistiques nomm\u00E9es d'apr\u00E8s des lieux ou des ethnies."@fr . . . . "Fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438"@ru . "1123968802"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Lenguas espurias"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4(\u672A\u8A73\u8A00\u8A9E, Spurious languages)\uB294 \uD3C9\uD310 \uC88B\uC740 \uC800\uC791\uC5D0\uC11C \uC874\uC7AC\uD55C\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBCF4\uACE0\uB418\uC5C8\uC9C0\uB9CC \uB2E4\uB978 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uADF8 \uC2E4\uC7AC\uAC00 \uC758\uC544\uD558\uB2E4\uAC70\uB098 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBCF4\uACE0\uB41C \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC5B4\uB5A4 \uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB294 \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC99D\uBA85\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBCF4\uD1B5 \uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB4E4\uC740 \uADF8 \uC874\uC7AC\uB97C \uC99D\uBA85\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uC544\uC8FC \uC801\uC740 \uC99D\uAC70\uB9CC\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC788\uACE0, \uD6C4\uC18D \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC5D0\uC11C \uADF8 \uC2E4\uC7AC\uAC00 \uC77C\uCD95\uB418\uC5B4 \uC654\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uC81C\uD55C\uC801\uC778 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uB85C \uC778\uD574 \uC544\uC9C1\uB3C4 \uADF8 \uC874\uC7AC \uC790\uCCB4\uAC00 \uBD88\uD655\uC2E4\uD55C \uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB4E4\uC774 \uB9CE\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Spurious languages"@en . . . "Spurious languages are languages that have been reported as existing in reputable works, while other research has reported that the language in question did not exist. Some spurious languages have been proven to not exist. Others have very little evidence supporting their existence, and have been dismissed in later scholarship. Others still are of uncertain existence due to limited research."@en . . . . . "Las lenguas espurias son lenguajes que han sido reportados como existentes en trabajos respetables, mientras que otras investigaciones han informado que el lenguaje en cuesti\u00F3n no exist\u00EDa. Se ha demostrado que algunos lenguajes espurios no existen. Otros tienen muy poca evidencia que respalde su existencia y han sido descartados en estudios posteriores. Otros todav\u00EDa tienen una existencia incierta debido a la investigaci\u00F3n limitada. A continuaci\u00F3n se presenta una muestra de idiomas que se ha afirmado que existen en fuentes confiables pero que posteriormente han sido refutados o cuestionados. En algunos casos, se rastrea un supuesto idioma y resulta ser otro idioma conocido. Esto es com\u00FAn cuando las variedades de idiomas tienen nombres de lugares o etnias. Algunos supuestos idiomas resultan ser enga\u00F1os, como el idioma kukur\u00E1 de Brasil o el de Luisiana. Otros son errores honestos que persisten en la literatura a pesar de ser corregidos por los autores originales; un ejemplo de esto es hongote, el nombre dado en 1892 a dos listas de palabras coloniales, una de tlingit y otra de lengua salishan, que fueron catalogadas err\u00F3neamente como patag\u00F3nicas. El error se corrigi\u00F3 tres veces ese a\u00F1o, pero no obstante, el \"hongote\" todav\u00EDa figuraba como lengua patag\u00F3nica un siglo despu\u00E9s en Greenberg (1987).\u200B En el caso de Nueva Guinea, una de las \u00E1reas con mayor diversidad ling\u00FC\u00EDstica de la Tierra, algunos idiomas espurios son simplemente los nombres de las encuestas de idiomas bajo las que se publicaron los datos. Algunos ejemplos son \"Mapi, Kia, Upper Digul, Upper Kaeme\", que figuran como lenguas del Indo-Pac\u00EDfico en Ruhlen 1987; estos son en realidad r\u00EDos que dieron sus nombres a las encuestas de idiomas en los y las lenguas ok de Nueva Guinea. \u200B"@es . . . . . . . . "\uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4(\u672A\u8A73\u8A00\u8A9E, Spurious languages)\uB294 \uD3C9\uD310 \uC88B\uC740 \uC800\uC791\uC5D0\uC11C \uC874\uC7AC\uD55C\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBCF4\uACE0\uB418\uC5C8\uC9C0\uB9CC \uB2E4\uB978 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uADF8 \uC2E4\uC7AC\uAC00 \uC758\uC544\uD558\uB2E4\uAC70\uB098 \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4\uACE0 \uBCF4\uACE0\uB41C \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB97C \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uC5B4\uB5A4 \uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB294 \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uC874\uC7AC\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC99D\uBA85\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBCF4\uD1B5 \uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB4E4\uC740 \uADF8 \uC874\uC7AC\uB97C \uC99D\uBA85\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uC544\uC8FC \uC801\uC740 \uC99D\uAC70\uB9CC\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC788\uACE0, \uD6C4\uC18D \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC5D0\uC11C \uADF8 \uC2E4\uC7AC\uAC00 \uC77C\uCD95\uB418\uC5B4 \uC654\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uC81C\uD55C\uC801\uC778 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uB85C \uC778\uD574 \uC544\uC9C1\uB3C4 \uADF8 \uC874\uC7AC \uC790\uCCB4\uAC00 \uBD88\uD655\uC2E4\uD55C \uBBF8\uC0C1 \uC5B8\uC5B4\uB4E4\uC774 \uB9CE\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . "Spurious languages are languages that have been reported as existing in reputable works, while other research has reported that the language in question did not exist. Some spurious languages have been proven to not exist. Others have very little evidence supporting their existence, and have been dismissed in later scholarship. Others still are of uncertain existence due to limited research. Below is a sampling of languages that have been claimed to exist in reputable sources but have subsequently been disproved or challenged. In some cases a purported language is tracked down and turns out to be another, known language. This is common when language varieties are named after places or ethnicities. Some alleged languages turn out to be hoaxes, such as the Kukur\u00E1 language of Brazil or the Taensa language of Louisiana. Others are honest errors that persist in the literature despite being corrected by the original authors; an example of this is Hongote, the name given in 1892 to two Colonial word lists, one of Tlingit and one of a Salishan language, that were mistakenly listed as Patagonian. The error was corrected three times that year, but nonetheless \"Hongote\" was still listed as a Patagonian language a century later in Greenberg (1987). In the case of New Guinea, one of the most linguistically diverse areas on Earth, some spurious languages are simply the names of language surveys that the data was published under. Examples are Mapi, Kia, Upper Digul, Upper Kaeme, listed as Indo-Pacific languages in Ruhlen 1987; these are actually rivers that gave their names to language surveys in the Greater Awyu languages and Ok languages of New Guinea."@en . . . . . . . "37033644"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. spurious languages) \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043C\u044B, \u043F\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043E\u043C\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u043E \u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043D\u0443\u0442\u043E. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044E \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0438\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 ISO 639 \u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0435 Ethnologue, \u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0438\u0441\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0442\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u044F\u0441\u043D\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442."@ru . . . . . . "33878"^^ . . . "Une langue non attest\u00E9e est une langue d\u00E9crite dans des \u0153uvres de renom, alors que des recherches ult\u00E9rieures d\u00E9montrent que celle-ci n'a jamais exist\u00E9. Certaines sont av\u00E9r\u00E9es ne pas exister tandis que d'autres ont tr\u00E8s peu de preuves \u00E0 l'appui et ont \u00E9t\u00E9 retir\u00E9es des \u00E9tudes linguistiques. Il arrive parfois que deux ou plusieurs langues se trouvent \u00EAtre une langue unique, c'est notamment le cas des vari\u00E9t\u00E9s linguistiques nomm\u00E9es d'apr\u00E8s des lieux ou des ethnies."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky jsou jazyky, kter\u00E9 se objev\u00ED v r\u016Fzn\u00FDch zdroj\u00EDch, kde je uv\u00E1d\u011Bno, \u017Ee se jimi n\u011Bkde mluv\u00ED, ale jin\u00E9 zdroje to pop\u00EDraj\u00ED. Fale\u0161n\u00FD jazyk pak vznikne tak, \u017Ee se prok\u00E1\u017Ee, \u017Ee dan\u00FD jazyk neexistuje. \u010Casto vzniknou fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky tak, \u017Ee si je n\u011Bkdo vymysl\u00ED (jedn\u00E1 se o hoax). Dal\u0161\u00ED d\u016Fvodem vzniku fale\u0161n\u00FDch jazyk\u016F je situace, \u017Ee se objev\u00ED ji\u017E existuj\u00EDc\u00ED jazyk, jenom pod jin\u00FDm jm\u00E9nem. Tato situace \u010Dasto nast\u00E1v\u00E1 v jazykov\u011B nejrozmanit\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED oblasti sv\u011Bta, na Papui Nov\u00E9 Guiney. Mezi nejzn\u00E1m\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED fale\u0161n\u00E9 jazyky pat\u0159\u00ED indi\u00E1nsk\u00E9 jazyky kukur\u00E1 a ."@cs . . . . "\u041F\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. spurious languages) \u2014 \u0438\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043C\u044B, \u043F\u043E \u0442\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u043E\u043C\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0431\u044B\u043B\u043E \u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043D\u0443\u0442\u043E. \u0417\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044E \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0438\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u043A\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 ISO 639 \u0438 \u0441\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0435 Ethnologue, \u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0438\u0441\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0442\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430, \u043A\u043E\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u044F\u0441\u043D\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442."@ru . . . . . . . .