. . . . . . . . . . . "Socage ( /\u02C8s\u0252k\u1D7Bd\u0292/)\u200B era uno de los deberes feudales y, por tanto, formas de tenencia de la tierra en el sistema feudal. Un agricultor, por ejemplo, pose\u00EDa la tierra a cambio de un pago fijo claramente definido que deb\u00EDa hacerse a intervalos espec\u00EDficos a su se\u00F1or feudal, que a su vez ten\u00EDa sus propias obligaciones feudales, con el agricultor (principalmente las de protecci\u00F3n) y con la Corona. En teor\u00EDa, esto podr\u00EDa implicar el suministro de productos al se\u00F1or, pero la mayor\u00EDa de las veces significaba un pago directo en efectivo, es decir, alquiler. Contrastaba con otras formas de tenencia, incluido el sargento (el granjero no pagaba alquiler pero ten\u00EDa que realizar alg\u00FAn servicio personal/oficial en nombre de su se\u00F1or, incluso en tiempos de guerra) y frankalmoin (alguna forma de servicio religioso). Para los m\u00E1s elevados en la jerarqu\u00EDa feudal, tambi\u00E9n exist\u00EDa el servicio de caballeros (servicio militar) como condici\u00F3n para la tenencia de la tierra. El estatuto ingl\u00E9s Quia Emptores de Eduardo I (1290) estableci\u00F3 que la tenencia de un socage pasaba de una generaci\u00F3n a la siguiente (o de un nominado al siguiente, como feoffees/fideicomisarios (a usos/fideicomisos) reci\u00E9n nombrados) sujeto a inquisiciones post mortem que significa un impuesto \u00FAnico (un \"alivio feudal\"). Esto contrasta con los arrendamientos que podr\u00EDan ser para toda la vida de una persona o f\u00E1cilmente sujetos a decomiso y aumentos de alquiler. A medida que declin\u00F3 el feudalismo, la prevalencia de la tenencia de socage aument\u00F3 hasta que se convirti\u00F3 en la forma normal de tenencia de cabeza en el Reino de Inglaterra (todos los tipos permiten concesiones por debajo de cualquier arrendamiento o subarrendamiento, como hoy, pero tambi\u00E9n copyhold donde se\u00F1or de la mansi\u00F3n). En 1660, el Estatuto de Tenencia puso fin a las propiedades que requer\u00EDan que el propietario proporcionara (con los \"incidentes\" de) el servicio militar y la mayor\u00EDa de las tenencias (y otras \"propiedades de herencia\") se convirtieron en \"socage com\u00FAn y libre\". El titular de una tenencia de soc o socage se denominaba socager (anglo-normando) o socman (anglosaj\u00F3n, tambi\u00E9n deletreado sochman, del concepto legal de soke, del verbo 'buscar').\u200B En la Europa de habla alemana, el equivalente amplio era Dienstmann. La etimolog\u00EDa de socage seg\u00FAn William Blackstone es la antigua palabra latina para arado."@es . . . . . . . . "\u0421\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0436 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Socage) \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438, \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044F\u043D\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0437\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0443 \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0430. \u042D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u043A\u0430\u00BB (\u0434\u0440.-\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. soca; \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. soke), \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0439 \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0430\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0430, \u0432\u044B\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0434. \u0421\u043E\u043A\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044B, \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u044E \u043D\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u0441\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0436\u0430, \u0432 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043B\u043B\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432 (\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445), \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044C\u043C\u0438."@ru . . . . . "3433"^^ . . . . . . "\u0421\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0436 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Socage) \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438, \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044C\u044F\u043D\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0437\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u043B\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0443 \u0432 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443 \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u0430. \u042D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u043A\u0430\u00BB (\u0434\u0440.-\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. soca; \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. soke), \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0439 \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0430\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0430, \u0432\u044B\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0434. \u0421\u043E\u043A\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044B, \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0435\u043C\u043B\u044E \u043D\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u044F\u0445 \u0441\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0436\u0430, \u0432 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u043B\u043B\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0432 (\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445), \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044C\u043C\u0438. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043F\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043E\u0442\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044B \u0444\u0435\u043E\u0434\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0443 \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0430 II, \u0441\u043E\u043A\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044C \u0432\u043E \u0444\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0432."@ru . . . "Socage (/\u02C8s\u0252k\u026Ad\u0292/) was one of the feudal duties and land tenure forms in the English feudal system. It eventually evolved into the freehold tenure called \"free and common socage\", which did not involve feudal duties. Farmers held land in exchange for clearly defined, fixed payments made at specified intervals to feudal lords. The lord was therefore obligated to provide certain services, such as protection, to the farmer and other duties to the Crown. Payments usually took the form of cash, but occasionally could be made with goods."@en . . "947911"^^ . . . . . . . . "Socage ( /\u02C8s\u0252k\u1D7Bd\u0292/)\u200B era uno de los deberes feudales y, por tanto, formas de tenencia de la tierra en el sistema feudal. Un agricultor, por ejemplo, pose\u00EDa la tierra a cambio de un pago fijo claramente definido que deb\u00EDa hacerse a intervalos espec\u00EDficos a su se\u00F1or feudal, que a su vez ten\u00EDa sus propias obligaciones feudales, con el agricultor (principalmente las de protecci\u00F3n) y con la Corona. En teor\u00EDa, esto podr\u00EDa implicar el suministro de productos al se\u00F1or, pero la mayor\u00EDa de las veces significaba un pago directo en efectivo, es decir, alquiler."@es . . . . . . . . . "Socage"@en . . . "Socage"@es . "\u0421\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0436"@ru . "1114672484"^^ . "Socage (/\u02C8s\u0252k\u026Ad\u0292/) was one of the feudal duties and land tenure forms in the English feudal system. It eventually evolved into the freehold tenure called \"free and common socage\", which did not involve feudal duties. Farmers held land in exchange for clearly defined, fixed payments made at specified intervals to feudal lords. The lord was therefore obligated to provide certain services, such as protection, to the farmer and other duties to the Crown. Payments usually took the form of cash, but occasionally could be made with goods. Socage contrasted with other forms of tenure, including serjeanty, frankalmoin and knight-service. The English statute Quia Emptores of Edward I (1290) established that socage tenure passed from one generation or nominee to the next would be subject to inquisitions post mortem, which would usually involve a feudal relief tax. This contrasts with the treatment of leases, which could be lifelong or readily subject to forfeiture and rent increase. As feudalism declined, the prevalence of socage tenure increased until it became the normal form of tenure in the Kingdom of England. In 1660, the Statute of Tenures ended the practice of estates requiring owners to provide military or religious service, and most freehold tenures and other were converted into \"free and common socage\". The holder of a soc or socage tenure was referred to as a socager (Anglo-Norman) or Socman (Anglo-Saxon, also spelt sochman, from the legal concept of a soke, from the verb 'to seek'). In German-speaking Europe, the broad equivalent was a Dienstmann. The etymology of socage according to William Blackstone is the old Latin word for a plough."@en . . . . . . . .