. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "26834953"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "51157"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Rats in New York City"@en . . . . . . . . "Rats in New York City are widespread, as they are in many densely populated areas. They are considered a cultural symbol of the city. For a long time, the number of rats in New York City was unknown, and a common urban legend declared there were up to five times as many rats as people. However, a 2014 study estimates that there are approximately 2 million rats in New York, which is close to a quarter of New York's human population."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Rats in New York City are widespread, as they are in many densely populated areas. They are considered a cultural symbol of the city. For a long time, the number of rats in New York City was unknown, and a common urban legend declared there were up to five times as many rats as people. However, a 2014 study estimates that there are approximately 2 million rats in New York, which is close to a quarter of New York's human population. The city's rat population is dominated by the brown rat (also known as the Norway rat). The average adult body weight is 350 grams (12 oz) in males and about 250 grams (8.8 oz) in females. The adult rat can squeeze through holes or gaps 1 inch (25 mm) wide, jump a horizontal distance of up to 4 feet (1.2 m) (or vertically from a flat surface to 3 feet (0.91 m)), survive a fall from a height of almost 40 feet (12 m), and tread water for three days. New York City rats carry pathogens that can cause diarrhea, vomiting, and fever in humans \u2013 especially in children. The pathogens they carry include bacteria such as Clostridium difficile (C. diff), Salmonella, E. coli, and Leptospira. Bartonella bacteria cause cat scratch disease, trench fever, and Carron disease. These bacteria may be spread through contact with rat saliva, urine or feces. Rats can carry disease-causing viruses such as sapoviruses, cardioviruses, kobuviruses, parechoviruses, rotaviruses, hepaciviruses, and Seoul virus. Rats may carry fleas that are vectors of diseases such as bubonic plague, typhus, and spotted fever. In addition, some people have an allergic reaction to the presence of rodent hair, urine or feces. New York City rodent complaints can be made online, or by dialing 3-1-1, and the New York City guide Preventing Rats on Your Property discusses how the New York City Health Department inspects private and public properties for rats. Property owners that fail inspections receive a Commissioner's Order and have five days to correct the problem. If, after five days, the property fails a second inspection, the owner receives a notice of violation and can be fined. The property owner is billed for any clean-up or extermination carried out by the Health Department."@en . . . . "Os ratos s\u00E3o um fen\u00F4meno generalizado em Nova Iorque. Por muito tempo, o n\u00FAmero de ratos em Nova Iorque era desconhecido, e uma lenda urbana comum declarava que havia at\u00E9 cinco vezes mais ratos do que pessoas. Em 2014, no entanto, os cientistas mediram com mais precis\u00E3o a popula\u00E7\u00E3o de ratos da cidade inteira em aproximadamente 24% do n\u00FAmero de humanos. Isso equivaleria a aproximadamente dois milh\u00F5es de ratos para os 8,4 milh\u00F5es de humanos de Nova Iorque na \u00E9poca do estudo."@pt . . . . . "Ratos na cidade de Nova Iorque"@pt . "Os ratos s\u00E3o um fen\u00F4meno generalizado em Nova Iorque. Por muito tempo, o n\u00FAmero de ratos em Nova Iorque era desconhecido, e uma lenda urbana comum declarava que havia at\u00E9 cinco vezes mais ratos do que pessoas. Em 2014, no entanto, os cientistas mediram com mais precis\u00E3o a popula\u00E7\u00E3o de ratos da cidade inteira em aproximadamente 24% do n\u00FAmero de humanos. Isso equivaleria a aproximadamente dois milh\u00F5es de ratos para os 8,4 milh\u00F5es de humanos de Nova Iorque na \u00E9poca do estudo. A popula\u00E7\u00E3o de ratos da cidade \u00E9 dominada pelo rato marrom (tamb\u00E9m conhecido como rato da Noruega). O peso corporal m\u00E9dio de um adulto \u00E9 de 350 gramas (12 oz) nos machos e cerca de 250 gramas (8,8 oz) nas f\u00EAmeas. O rato adulto pode se espremer atrav\u00E9s de buracos ou lacunas de 1 polegada (25 mm) de largura, pular uma dist\u00E2ncia horizontal de at\u00E9 4 p\u00E9s (1,2 m) (ou verticalmente de uma superf\u00EDcie plana a 3 p\u00E9s (0,91 m)), sobreviver a uma queda de uma altura de quase 40 p\u00E9s (12 m), e por tr\u00EAs dias. Os ratos da Nova Iorque carregam pat\u00F3genos que podem causar diarreia, v\u00F4mito e febre em humanos \u2014 especialmente em crian\u00E7as. Os pat\u00F3genos que eles carregam incluem bact\u00E9rias como Clostridium difficile (C. diff), Salmonella, E. coli e Leptospira. A bact\u00E9ria Bartonella causa a doen\u00E7a da arranhadura do gato, a febre das trincheiras e a . Essas bact\u00E9rias podem ser transmitidas atrav\u00E9s do contato com a saliva, urina ou fezes de ratos. Os ratos podem levar v\u00EDrus causadores de doen\u00E7as, tais como , , , , rotav\u00EDrus, e o . Os ratos podem ser portadores de pulgas que s\u00E3o vetores de doen\u00E7as como peste bub\u00F4nica, tifo e febre maculosa. Al\u00E9m disso, algumas pessoas t\u00EAm uma rea\u00E7\u00E3o al\u00E9rgica \u00E0 presen\u00E7a de p\u00EAlos, urina ou fezes de roedores. As reclama\u00E7\u00F5es sobre roedores na Nova Iorque podem ser feitas online ou discando , e o guia Preventing Rats on Your Property, da cidade, discute como o inspeciona propriedades privadas e p\u00FAblicas para ratos. Os propriet\u00E1rios que reprovam nas inspe\u00E7\u00F5es recebem uma Ordem do Comiss\u00E1rio e t\u00EAm cinco dias para corrigir o problema. Se, ap\u00F3s cinco dias, o im\u00F3vel for reprovado em uma segunda fiscaliza\u00E7\u00E3o, o propriet\u00E1rio receber\u00E1 um auto de infra\u00E7\u00E3o e poder\u00E1 ser multado. O propriet\u00E1rio do im\u00F3vel \u00E9 cobrado por qualquer limpeza ou exterm\u00EDnio realizado pelo Minist\u00E9rio da Sa\u00FAde."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1122063219"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .