. "R\u00E1dio-halos s\u00E3o descolora\u00E7\u00F5es microsc\u00F3picas, de formato esf\u00E9rico, frequentes em cristais. S\u00E3o abundantemente encontrados em certas , especialmente na mica presente nos granitos. Em corte transversal, aparecem ao microsc\u00F3pio como uma s\u00E9rie de min\u00FAsculos , geralmente contornando um n\u00FAcleo central. R\u00E1dio-halos prim\u00E1rios de pol\u00F4nio-218 exigem aten\u00E7\u00E3o porque fornecem um registro da radioatividade extinta em minerais constituintes das mais antigas rochas da Terra. Este fen\u00F4meno ficou mundialmente conhecido ap\u00F3s as descobertas de Robert Gentry e suas respectivas publica\u00E7\u00F5es nas revistas Nature e Science."@pt . . "Pleochroic halo"@en . . . . . . . . "57115"^^ . . . . "R\u00E1dio-halos s\u00E3o descolora\u00E7\u00F5es microsc\u00F3picas, de formato esf\u00E9rico, frequentes em cristais. S\u00E3o abundantemente encontrados em certas , especialmente na mica presente nos granitos. Em corte transversal, aparecem ao microsc\u00F3pio como uma s\u00E9rie de min\u00FAsculos , geralmente contornando um n\u00FAcleo central. R\u00E1dio-halos prim\u00E1rios de pol\u00F4nio-218 exigem aten\u00E7\u00E3o porque fornecem um registro da radioatividade extinta em minerais constituintes das mais antigas rochas da Terra. Este fen\u00F4meno ficou mundialmente conhecido ap\u00F3s as descobertas de Robert Gentry e suas respectivas publica\u00E7\u00F5es nas revistas Nature e Science. Esse n\u00FAcleo central \u00E9 (pelo menos inicialmente) radioativo. Part\u00EDculas alfa, com alta energia, emitidas do n\u00FAcleo durante o decaimento radioativo, danificam o mineral, descolorindo-o, com muitos dos danos ocorrendo onde as part\u00EDculas pararam seu movimento. A dist\u00E2ncia que viajam depende da energia que carregam. Visto que todas as part\u00EDculas alfa, em um tipo particular de rea\u00E7\u00E3o de decaimento, t\u00EAm a mesma energia, sendo disparadas em todas as dire\u00E7\u00F5es, forma-se uma concha esf\u00E9rica de descolora\u00E7\u00E3o, parecendo circular em corte transversal. \u00C9 como um proj\u00E9til disparado em uma imensa placa de corti\u00E7a, de grande massa. Em certo momento, a bala vai parar, deixando atr\u00E1s de si um \"rastro\" de danos, com o comprimento variando em fun\u00E7\u00E3o da velocidade da bala. Diversas subst\u00E2ncias radioativas disparam part\u00EDculas alfa (\"balas\") a diferentes (por\u00E9m espec\u00EDficas) velocidades; por isso podemos identificar a subst\u00E2ncia a partir do di\u00E2metro da \"esfera de danos\". Quanto maior a energia do decaimento, maior a velocidade da \"bala\". Obviamente n\u00E3o \u00E9 uma analogia perfeita, apesar de muito \u00FAtil \u2013 a bala na corti\u00E7a deixa danos equivalentes por todo o seu trajeto, diferentemente das part\u00EDculas alfa, que n\u00E3o causam dano no final, como declarado."@pt . . . . . "\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Radiohalo), \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043E\u0445\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. pleochroic halos) \u2014 \u043C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043E\u0431\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0447\u043A\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043C\u0438\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0442, \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u042D\u0442\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0447\u043A\u0438 \u2014 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0432\u044B\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043C\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0443\u044E \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0431\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u0440\u043A\u043E\u043D, \u0430\u043F\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0442, \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044B \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u043E\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0439. \u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0431\u044A\u044F\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E \u0430\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0430-\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A\u0430\u0435\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0443\u0441 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0447\u0435\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043D \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0430-\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044B. \u0424\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u0433\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0430\u043C \u0441 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430 XX \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430, \u043D\u043E \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440"@ru . . "R\u00E1dio-halo"@pt . . "A pleochroic halo, or radiohalo, is a microscopic, spherical shell of discolouration (pleochroism) within minerals such as biotite that occurs in granite and other igneous rocks. The halo is a zone of radiation damage caused by the inclusion of minute radioactive crystals within the host crystal structure. The inclusions are typically zircon, apatite, or titanite which can accommodate uranium or thorium within their crystal structures. One explanation is that the discolouration is caused by alpha particles emitted by the nuclei; the radius of the concentric shells are proportional to the particles' energy."@en . . . . . . . "1106628135"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B"@ru . . . . . . . "\u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Radiohalo), \u043F\u043B\u0435\u043E\u0445\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. pleochroic halos) \u2014 \u043C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043D\u0430\u044F \u043E\u0431\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0447\u043A\u0430 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F\u0441\u044F \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043C\u0438\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0442, \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0433\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u042D\u0442\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0447\u043A\u0438 \u2014 \u043C\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0432\u044B\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043C\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0443\u044E \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0431\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u0440\u043A\u043E\u043D, \u0430\u043F\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0442, \u0432\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044B \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u043E\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0439. \u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0451\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0431\u044A\u044F\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E \u0430\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0430-\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A\u0430\u0435\u043C\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u0434\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438. \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0443\u0441 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0447\u0435\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0435\u043D \u044D\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0430-\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u044B. \u0424\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u0433\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0430\u043C \u0441 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u0430 XX \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430, \u043D\u043E \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u0432\u044B\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D \u0437\u0430\u044F\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0414\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043E\u043B\u044B \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442 \u043E \u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043C \u0432\u043E\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0417\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0438. \u042D\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043D\u0443\u0442\u044B \u043D\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u043A\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0438."@ru . . . . "A pleochroic halo, or radiohalo, is a microscopic, spherical shell of discolouration (pleochroism) within minerals such as biotite that occurs in granite and other igneous rocks. The halo is a zone of radiation damage caused by the inclusion of minute radioactive crystals within the host crystal structure. The inclusions are typically zircon, apatite, or titanite which can accommodate uranium or thorium within their crystal structures. One explanation is that the discolouration is caused by alpha particles emitted by the nuclei; the radius of the concentric shells are proportional to the particles' energy."@en . . . . . . "6570"^^ . . . . . .