. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Die PDP-11 war ein 1970 eingef\u00FChrter, in den 1970er Jahren weit verbreiteter 16-Bit-Computer der Digital Equipment Corporation. Obwohl nicht explizit als Nachfolger konzipiert, l\u00F6ste er bei vielen Anwendungen in der Prozessrechentechnik den vorher dominierenden 12-Bit-Computer PDP-8 aus der Programmed-Data-Processor-Reihe ab. Das technische Konzept der PDP-11-Serie war einfach gehalten. Ein standardisiertes \u201EUniverselles Bus-System\u201C (Unibus), \u00FCber das Zentraleinheit, Arbeitsspeicher und Ein-/Ausgabe-Ger\u00E4te miteinander kommunizierten. Im Unterschied zu vielen vorherigen Rechnern kannte die PDP-11 keine speziellen Ein-/Ausgabe-Befehle. Da Peripherieger\u00E4te am Unibus wie Arbeitsspeicher adressiert wurden, konnte die Peripherie mit \u201Enormalen\u201C Rechnerbefehlen gesteuert werden. Auch bei der Steuerung von Kraftwerken, Verkehrswegen und Telefonnetzen wurde die PDP-11 verwendet. Das offene Bus-System erm\u00F6glichte es auch Fremdanbietern, kosteng\u00FCnstige und leistungsstarke Peripherieger\u00E4te zum Anschluss an die PDP-11 auf den Markt zu bringen."@de . . . . . "PDP-11"@en . . . . . . . . "PDP-11"@zh . . . . . . . . "Il PDP-11 (\"Programmed Data Processor model 11\") era una serie di computer con architettura a 16 bit fabbricato da Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) a partire dagli inizi del 1970. Il PDP-11 fu il successore del PDP-8 e incluse una serie di migliorie che ne semplificavano la programmazione. Fu sostituito spesso dai sistemi VAX-11 a 32 bit che mantenevano molte caratteristiche del PDP-11 estendendo il set di indirizzamento e la potenza di calcolo. Inoltre, fu su un PDP-11 della AT&T che Dennis Ritchie fece girare il primo programma scritto in C. La sua struttura ha ispirato Federico Faggin nell'ideazione del microprocessore Intel 8008."@it . . . . . "PDP-11 byla \u0159ada 16bitov\u00FDch minipo\u010D\u00EDta\u010D\u016F firmy Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) prod\u00E1van\u00FDch od roku 1970 do 90. let 20. stolet\u00ED. Po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De PDP-11 byly sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED rozs\u00E1hlej\u0161\u00ED \u0159ady PDP a m\u011Bly \u0159adu unik\u00E1tn\u00EDch vlastnost\u00ED. Jejich programov\u00E1n\u00ED bylo d\u00EDky p\u0159idan\u00FDm v\u00EDce\u00FA\u010Delov\u00FDm registr\u016Fm snaz\u0161\u00ED ne\u017E programov\u00E1n\u00ED jejich p\u0159edch\u016Fdc\u016F. V mnoha aplikac\u00EDch pracuj\u00EDc\u00EDch v re\u00E1ln\u00E9m \u010Dase nahradila \u0159ada PDP-11 po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De , a\u010Dkoli ob\u011B produktov\u00E9 \u0159ady existovaly sou\u010Dasn\u011B d\u00E9le ne\u017E 10 rok\u016F. Celkem bylo prod\u00E1no okolo 600 tis\u00EDc po\u010D\u00EDta\u010D\u016F PDP-11 v\u0161ech model\u016F, co\u017E z nich \u010Din\u00ED nej\u00FAsp\u011B\u0161n\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED produktovou \u0159adu firmy DEC. \u010C\u00EDslo 11 v n\u00E1zvu n\u00E1sledn\u00EDka PDP-11 v oboru st\u0159edn\u00EDch minipo\u010D\u00EDta\u010D\u016F \u2013 32bitov\u00E9ho VAX-11 \u2013 bylo p\u0159evzato jako p\u0159ipom\u00EDnka obl\u00EDbenosti PDP-11. Architektura PDP-11 ovlivnila n\u00E1vrh mikroprocesor\u016F Motorola 68000; architektura opera\u010Dn\u00EDch syst\u00E9m\u016F pro PDP-11 i dal\u0161\u00ED OS firmy DEC ovlivnily jin\u00E9 opera\u010Dn\u00ED syst\u00E9my jako CP/M a MS-DOS. Prvn\u00ED ofici\u00E1ln\u011B pojmenovan\u00E1 verze Unixu b\u011B\u017Eela v roce 1970 na PDP-11/20. \u010Casto se p\u0159ipom\u00EDn\u00E1, \u017Ee n\u011Bkolik n\u00EDzko\u00FArov\u0148ov\u00FDch vlastnost\u00ED programovac\u00EDho jazyka C poch\u00E1z\u00ED z PDP-11, i kdy\u017E nebyly p\u0159evzaty \u00FAmysln\u011B."@cs . . . . . . . "DEC 16-bit"@en . . . . . . "PDP-11"@es . . . . "PDP-11\u70BA\u8FEA\u5409\u591A\u96FB\u8166\u65BC1970\u52301980\u5E74\u4EE3\u6240\u92B7\u552E\u7684\u4E00\u7CFB\u521716\u4F4D\u5143\u8FF7\u4F60\u96FB\u8166\uFF0C\u9019\u500B\u7522\u54C1\u7DDA\u7E3D\u8A08\u92B7\u552E\u7D04600,000\u90E8\uFF0C\u662F\u8FEA\u5409\u591A\u6700\u6210\u529F\u7684\u7522\u54C1\u7DDA\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002PDP-11\u662F\u8FEA\u5409\u591A\u96FB\u8166\u7684PDP-8\u7CFB\u5217\u7684\u5F8C\u7E8C\u6A5F\u7A2E\u3002PDP-11\u6709\u8457\u8A31\u591A\u5275\u65B0\u7684\u7279\u8272\uFF0C\u800C\u4E14\u6BD4\u8D77\u5176\u524D\u4EE3\u6A5F\u7A2E\u66F4\u5BB9\u6613\u64B0\u5BEB\u7A0B\u5F0F\u3002\u757632\u4F4D\u5143\u7684\u5F8C\u7E8C\u64F4\u5145\u6A5F\u578BVAX-11\u63A8\u51FA\u6642\uFF0CPDP-11\u5DF2\u7D93\u5EE3\u53D7\u7A0B\u5F0F\u8A2D\u8A08\u5E2B\u7684\u559C\u611B\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500B\u6A5F\u578B\u5F8C\u7E8C\u7684\u5E02\u5834\uFF0C\u5247\u591A\u7531IBM PC\u3001\u860B\u679C\u4E8C\u865F\u8207\u6607\u967D\u96FB\u8166\u7684\u5DE5\u4F5C\u7AD9\u96FB\u8166\u7B49\u500B\u4EBA\u96FB\u8166\u6240\u53D6\u4EE3\u3002"@zh . "PDP-11 \u306F\u3001\u30C7\u30A3\u30B8\u30BF\u30EB\u30FB\u30A4\u30AF\u30A4\u30C3\u30D7\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u30FB\u30B3\u30FC\u30DD\u30EC\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3(DEC)\u304C1970\u5E74\u4EE3\u304B\u30891980\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u8CA9\u58F2\u3057\u305F16\u30D3\u30C3\u30C8\u30DF\u30CB\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u30B7\u30EA\u30FC\u30BA\u3002PDP-11 \u306F DEC\u306EPDP\u30B7\u30EA\u30FC\u30BA\u306EPDP-8\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u306E\u4E3B\u306B\u30EA\u30A2\u30EB\u30BF\u30A4\u30E0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u306E\u5F8C\u7D99\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u4E21\u30B7\u30EA\u30FC\u30BA\u306F10\u5E74\u9593\u4EE5\u4E0A\u4E26\u5B58\u3057\u305F\u3002\u9769\u65B0\u7684\u6A5F\u80FD\u3092\u3044\u304F\u3064\u304B\u6301\u3061\u3001\u5F93\u6765\u3088\u308A\u3082\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u304C\u5BB9\u6613\u306B\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3002\u30DF\u30C3\u30C9\u30EC\u30F3\u30B8\u306E\u30DF\u30CB\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u5F8C\u7D99\u306F32\u30D3\u30C3\u30C8\u306EVAX\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . "PDP-11 foi uma s\u00E9rie de minicomputadores de 16 bits fabricada pela empresa Digital Equipment Corp. nas d\u00E9cadas de 1970 e 1980. Foi pioneira na interconex\u00E3o de todos os elementos do sistema \u2014 processador, mem\u00F3ria RAM e perif\u00E9ricos \u2014 a um \u00FAnico barramento de comunica\u00E7\u00E3o, bidirecional, ass\u00EDncrono. Este dispositivo, chamado Unibus permitia aos dispositivos enviar, receber ou trocar dados sem a necessidade de uma passagem intermedi\u00E1ria pela mem\u00F3ria. A s\u00E9rie PDP-11 foi uma das s\u00E9ries de minicomputadores mais vendidas de sua \u00E9poca e uma das primeiras a executar o SO Unix, desenvolvido nos Laborat\u00F3rios Bell."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a set of products in the Programmed Data Processor (PDP) series. In total, around 600,000 PDP-11s of all models were sold, making it one of DEC's most successful product lines. The PDP-11 is considered by some experts to be the most popular minicomputer. The PDP-11 included a number of innovative features in its instruction set and additional general-purpose registers that made it much easier to program than earlier models in the PDP series. Further, the innovative Unibus system allowed external devices to be easily interfaced to the system using direct memory access, opening the system to a wide variety of peripherals. The PDP-11 replaced the PDP-8 in many real-time computing applications, although both product lines lived in parallel for more than 10 years. The ease of programming of the PDP-11 made it very popular for general-purpose computing uses also. The design of the PDP-11 inspired the design of late-1970s microprocessors including the Intel x86 and the Motorola 68000. The design features of PDP-11 operating systems, and other operating systems from Digital Equipment, influenced the design of operating systems such as CP/M and hence also MS-DOS. The first officially named version of Unix ran on the PDP-11/20 in 1970. It is commonly stated that the C programming language took advantage of several low-level PDP-11\u2013dependent programming features, albeit not originally by design. An effort to expand the PDP-11 from 16 to 32-bit addressing led to the VAX-11 design, which took part of its name from the PDP-11."@en . . . . "PDP-11 fue una computadora fabricada por la empresa Digital Equipment Corp. en las d\u00E9cadas de 1970 y 1980, perteneciente a la serie PDP. Fue la primera minicomputadora en interconectar todos los elementos del sistema \u2014 procesador, memoria y perif\u00E9rico \u2014 a un \u00FAnico bus de comunicaci\u00F3n, bidireccional, as\u00EDncrono. Este dispositivo, llamado UNIBUS permit\u00EDa a los dispositivos enviar, recibir o intercambiar datos sin necesidad de dar un paso intermedio por la memoria. La PDP-11 fue una de las series de minicomputadoras m\u00E1s vendidas en su \u00E9poca y fue una de las primeras computadoras en las que corri\u00F3 el sistema Unix, desarrollado en los Laboratorios Bell. Fue evolucionando con la tecnolog\u00EDa, pasando de tener la CPU hecha con circuitos TTL MSI a utilizar microprocesadores, como el LSI-11. Las \u00FAltimas versiones, PDP-11/73 en adelante, incorporaban el J-11, con los registros duplicados, tres pilas (stack) (Usuario, Kernel y Supervisor), memoria virtual (22 bits), cach\u00E9 y espacios separados para instrucciones y datos. Era un chip muy ambicioso pero que nunca lleg\u00F3 a cumplir las expectativas, debido a discusiones y enfrentamientos entre DEC y Harris, fabricante de los chips. Durante la guerra fr\u00EDa, la arquitectura PDP-11 fue clonada sin autorizaci\u00F3n del constructor de manera que los programas que corr\u00EDan en m\u00E1quinas de esta serie pod\u00EDan ser ejecutados sin cambios en los clones fabricados en Europa del Este."@es . . . "1970"^^ . . . "PDP-11"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F 16-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0438\u043D\u0438-\u042D\u0412\u041C \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 DEC, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0432 1970\u201480-\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 PDP-8 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043B\u0438\u043D\u0435\u0439\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u044C\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0432 PDP. \u0412 PDP-11 \u043F\u043E\u044F\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E \u0443\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u044D\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0435\u043C \u0435\u0451 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0421\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043C \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u044C\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11"@ko . . . . . "PDP-11"@ja . . . . "PDP-11 byla \u0159ada 16bitov\u00FDch minipo\u010D\u00EDta\u010D\u016F firmy Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) prod\u00E1van\u00FDch od roku 1970 do 90. let 20. stolet\u00ED. Po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De PDP-11 byly sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED rozs\u00E1hlej\u0161\u00ED \u0159ady PDP a m\u011Bly \u0159adu unik\u00E1tn\u00EDch vlastnost\u00ED. Jejich programov\u00E1n\u00ED bylo d\u00EDky p\u0159idan\u00FDm v\u00EDce\u00FA\u010Delov\u00FDm registr\u016Fm snaz\u0161\u00ED ne\u017E programov\u00E1n\u00ED jejich p\u0159edch\u016Fdc\u016F. V mnoha aplikac\u00EDch pracuj\u00EDc\u00EDch v re\u00E1ln\u00E9m \u010Dase nahradila \u0159ada PDP-11 po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De , a\u010Dkoli ob\u011B produktov\u00E9 \u0159ady existovaly sou\u010Dasn\u011B d\u00E9le ne\u017E 10 rok\u016F. Celkem bylo prod\u00E1no okolo 600 tis\u00EDc po\u010D\u00EDta\u010D\u016F PDP-11 v\u0161ech model\u016F, co\u017E z nich \u010Din\u00ED nej\u00FAsp\u011B\u0161n\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED produktovou \u0159adu firmy DEC. \u010C\u00EDslo 11 v n\u00E1zvu n\u00E1sledn\u00EDka PDP-11 v oboru st\u0159edn\u00EDch minipo\u010D\u00EDta\u010D\u016F \u2013 32bitov\u00E9ho VAX-11 \u2013 bylo p\u0159evzato jako p\u0159ipom\u00EDnka obl\u00EDbenosti PDP-11."@cs . . . . . . . "PDP-11 \u2013 seria 16-bitowych minikomputer\u00F3w sprzedawanych przez firm\u0119 Digital Equipment Corporation od roku 1970 a\u017C do lat 90. Jakkolwiek nie by\u0142 oficjalnie okre\u015Blany mianem nast\u0119pcy Digitala PDP-8 w ramach serii PDP (obie linie produkt\u00F3w wsp\u00F3\u0142istnia\u0142y na rynku ponad 10 lat), PDP-11 zast\u0105pi\u0142 PDP-8 w wielu zastosowaniach zwi\u0105zanych z . Komputer mia\u0142 wiele cech innowacyjnych i by\u0142 \u0142atwiejszy w programowaniu od swojego poprzednika. By\u0142 lubiany przez programist\u00F3w i zosta\u0142 zast\u0105piony dopiero przez VAX-11 \u2013 32-bitowe rozwini\u0119cie PDP-11. Ostatecznie (jak inne minikomputery) zosta\u0142 wyparty z rynku przez komputery osobiste, takie jak IBM PC i Apple II, oraz stacje robocze, w tym te wytwarzane przez Sun. Przez dekady PDP-11 by\u0142 najmniejszym komputerem obs\u0142uguj\u0105cym system operacyjny Unix. Pierwszym modelem, kt\u00F3ry oficjalnie potrafi\u0142 to robi\u0107 by\u0142 PDP-11/20, stworzony w 1970 roku. \u0141\u0105cznie sprzedano ponad 600 tysi\u0119cy egzemplarzy."@pl . . . . . "PDP-11 va ser una s\u00E8rie de miniordinadors de 16 bits fabricats per Digital Equipment Corporation en els anys 1970 i 1980. Va ser pionera en la interconnexi\u00F3 de tots els elements del sistema - processador, mem\u00F2ria RAM i perif\u00E8rics - a un \u00FAnic bus de comunicaci\u00F3, bidireccional, as\u00EDncron. Aquest dispositiu, anomenat Unibus permetia als dispositius enviar, rebre o intercanviar dades sense necessitat de fer un pas intermedi per la mem\u00F2ria. La PDP-11 va ser una de les s\u00E8ries de miniordinadors m\u00E9s venudes en la seva \u00E8poca i va ser un dels primers ordinadors en qu\u00E8 va c\u00F3rrer el sistema operatiu Unix, desenvolupat en els Laboratoris Bell."@ca . . . "PDP-11"@sv . . . . . . . . "PDP-11 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044F 16-\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456-\u0415\u041E\u041C \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 DEC, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0432 1970-80-\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0445; \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457 PDP-8 \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0439\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F'\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 PDP. \u0423 PDP-11 \u0437'\u044F\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0443\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439, \u0446\u044F \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044F \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u043E\u044E \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456, \u043D\u0456\u0436 \u0457\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0410\u043B\u0435, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0457\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0431\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432, PDP-11 \u0437 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F'\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 IBM PC \u0442\u0430 Apple II. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434 \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443 PDP-11 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F C."@uk . . . . . "De PDP-11 was een serie 16 bit-minicomputers populair in de jaren zeventig en tachtig van de 20ste eeuw. PDP staat voor Programmable Data Processor. De PDP-11-computers werden ontworpen en geproduceerd door de Amerikaanse leverancier Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). DEC richtte zich, ook met de PDP-computers op de zakelijke markt. De PDP-lijn paste in de strategie van DEC om kleinere en goedkopere computersystemen op de markt te brengen die binnen het bereik van een afzonderlijke afdeling van een organisatie zouden liggen, in tegenstelling tot mainframes die door hun kostprijs, complexiteit en grootte alleen door een centrale IT-afdeling konden worden aangeschaft en onderhouden. Door zijn architectuur met een bijna orthogonale instructieset is de PDP-11 zeer invloedrijk geweest in de industrie. Zo is bijvoorbeeld de Motorola 68000-lijn van microprocessoren er sterk door ge\u00EFnspireerd geweest. De PDP-11 was de opvolger van DEC's -computer. Door de 16 bitsarchitectuur kon de PDP-11 64 kilobyte geheugen adresseren. Op den duur was dat een belangrijke beperking. De PDP-11 werd in het eind van de jaren 80 opgevolgd door de 32 bits-VAX-minicomputer van DEC."@nl . . . . "PDP-11"@cs . . . . . . "PDP-11 wordmark.svg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11"@it . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11"@pl . . . . "PDP-11"@ru . . . . "PDP-11 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044F 16-\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456-\u0415\u041E\u041C \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 DEC, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u044F \u0432 1970-80-\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0445; \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0457 PDP-8 \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0439\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F'\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432 PDP. \u0423 PDP-11 \u0437'\u044F\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0443\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439, \u0446\u044F \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0456\u044F \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u043E\u044E \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456, \u043D\u0456\u0436 \u0457\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0410\u043B\u0435, \u043D\u0435\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0457\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0431\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0432, PDP-11 \u0437 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043E\u043C \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F'\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0447\u0438 IBM PC \u0442\u0430 Apple II. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434 \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443 PDP-11 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043B\u0438\u043D\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F C."@uk . "PDP-11"@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1119967178"^^ . . . . . . . "BATCH-11/DOS-11, DSM-11, IAS, P/OS, RSTS/E, RSX-11, RT-11, Ultrix-11, Seventh Edition Unix, SVR1, 2BSD"@en . "PDP-11"@fr . . . . . . "PDP-11 \u2013 seria 16-bitowych minikomputer\u00F3w sprzedawanych przez firm\u0119 Digital Equipment Corporation od roku 1970 a\u017C do lat 90. Jakkolwiek nie by\u0142 oficjalnie okre\u015Blany mianem nast\u0119pcy Digitala PDP-8 w ramach serii PDP (obie linie produkt\u00F3w wsp\u00F3\u0142istnia\u0142y na rynku ponad 10 lat), PDP-11 zast\u0105pi\u0142 PDP-8 w wielu zastosowaniach zwi\u0105zanych z . Komputer mia\u0142 wiele cech innowacyjnych i by\u0142 \u0142atwiejszy w programowaniu od swojego poprzednika. By\u0142 lubiany przez programist\u00F3w i zosta\u0142 zast\u0105piony dopiero przez VAX-11 \u2013 32-bitowe rozwini\u0119cie PDP-11. Ostatecznie (jak inne minikomputery) zosta\u0142 wyparty z rynku przez komputery osobiste, takie jak IBM PC i Apple II, oraz stacje robocze, w tym te wytwarzane przez Sun. Przez dekady PDP-11 by\u0142 najmniejszym komputerem obs\u0142uguj\u0105cym system operacyjny Unix. Pierwszym mod"@pl . . . . . . "Un PDP-11 est un mod\u00E8le d'ordinateur de la gamme des PDP (Programmable Data Processor) construit par Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) entre 1970 et 1993. Tous les PDP-11 sont 16 bits et entrent dans la classe des mini-ordinateurs. Ils furent extr\u00EAmement populaires car ils alliaient modularit\u00E9, un excellent rapport qualit\u00E9/prix, et leur utilisation n'\u00E9tait pas cantonn\u00E9e \u00E0 un seul secteur d'application : on les retrouvait aussi bien dans les laboratoires de physique pour faire de l'acquisition de donn\u00E9es que dans les cabinets comptables. Enfin, le monde universitaire a aussi fait l'acquisition d'un nombre important de ces machines."@fr . . . . . "PDP virtualization"@en . . . . . . . . . . "24399"^^ . . . . . "PDP-11"@pt . . . . "PDP-11 \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F 16-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u044F\u0434\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u0438\u043D\u0438-\u042D\u0412\u041C \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 DEC, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0432 1970\u201480-\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 PDP-8 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043B\u0438\u043D\u0435\u0439\u043A\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u044C\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0432 PDP. \u0412 PDP-11 \u043F\u043E\u044F\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u044C \u043D\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E \u0443\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u044D\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044F \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0449\u0435 \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0435\u043C \u0435\u0451 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0421\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043C \u0431\u044B\u043B\u0430 \u0432\u044B\u0442\u0435\u0441\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u044C\u044E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438."@ru . . . . . . . "2016-11-18"^^ . "PDP-11 foi uma s\u00E9rie de minicomputadores de 16 bits fabricada pela empresa Digital Equipment Corp. nas d\u00E9cadas de 1970 e 1980. Foi pioneira na interconex\u00E3o de todos os elementos do sistema \u2014 processador, mem\u00F3ria RAM e perif\u00E9ricos \u2014 a um \u00FAnico barramento de comunica\u00E7\u00E3o, bidirecional, ass\u00EDncrono. Este dispositivo, chamado Unibus permitia aos dispositivos enviar, receber ou trocar dados sem a necessidade de uma passagem intermedi\u00E1ria pela mem\u00F3ria. A s\u00E9rie PDP-11 foi uma das s\u00E9ries de minicomputadores mais vendidas de sua \u00E9poca e uma das primeiras a executar o SO Unix, desenvolvido nos Laborat\u00F3rios Bell."@pt . . . . "PDP-11\uC740 \uB514\uC9C0\uD138 \uC774\uD045\uBA3C\uD2B8 \uCF54\uD37C\uB808\uC774\uC158(DEC)\uAC00 1970\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1990\uB144\uB300\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uD310\uB9E4\uD558\uC600\uB358 16\uBE44\uD2B8 \uBBF8\uB2C8\uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uC2DC\uB9AC\uC988\uB85C, PDP \uC2DC\uB9AC\uC988\uC758 \uC81C\uD488\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC740 \uC790\uC2E0\uB9CC\uC758 \uD601\uC2E0\uC801\uC778 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB4E4\uC744 \uBA87 \uAC1C \uAC16\uCD94\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uCD94\uAC00\uC801\uC778 \uBC94\uC6A9 \uB808\uC9C0\uC2A4\uD130\uB4E4\uC744 \uC774\uC6A9\uD558\uC5EC \uC804\uC791\uBCF4\uB2E4 \uD504\uB85C\uADF8\uB798\uBC0D\uC744 \uD558\uAE30 \uB354 \uC26C\uC6E0\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC740 \uC218\uB9CE\uC740 \uC2E4\uC2DC\uAC04 \uC751\uC6A9 \uBD80\uBD84\uC5D0\uC11C PDP-8\uC744 \uB300\uCCB4\uD558\uC600\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uB450 \uC81C\uD488 \uB77C\uC778 \uB458 \uB2E4 10\uB144 \uB118\uAC8C \uD568\uAED8 \uC0DD\uC874\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC804\uBC18\uC801\uC73C\uB85C, \uC804\uCCB4 \uBAA8\uB378 \uC911 \uC57D 600,000\uB300\uC758 PDP-11\uC774 \uD310\uB9E4\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, DEC\uC758 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC131\uACF5\uC801\uC778 \uC81C\uD488 \uB77C\uC778\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uB4DC\uB808\uC778\uC9C0 \uBBF8\uB2C8\uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uD2C8\uC0C8 \uBD80\uBB38\uC758 \uD6C4\uACC4\uC791\uC778 32\uBE44\uD2B8 \uB77C\uB294 \uC774\uB984\uC740 PDP-11\uC758 \uC778\uAE30\uC5D0 \uD798\uC785\uC5B4 \uC9C0\uC5B4\uC84C\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC740 \uC77C\uBD80 \uC804\uBB38\uAC00\uB4E4\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB300\uC911\uC801\uC778 \uBBF8\uB2C8\uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130\uB85C \uC778\uC2DD\uB41C\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC758 \uB514\uC790\uC778 \uD2B9\uC9D5\uB4E4\uC740 \uC778\uD154 x86, \uBAA8\uD1A0\uB85C\uB77C 68000 \uB4F1 1970\uB144\uB300 \uB9D0 \uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uB4E4\uC758 \uB514\uC790\uC778\uC5D0 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . "De PDP-11 was een serie 16 bit-minicomputers populair in de jaren zeventig en tachtig van de 20ste eeuw. PDP staat voor Programmable Data Processor. De PDP-11-computers werden ontworpen en geproduceerd door de Amerikaanse leverancier Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). Door zijn architectuur met een bijna orthogonale instructieset is de PDP-11 zeer invloedrijk geweest in de industrie. Zo is bijvoorbeeld de Motorola 68000-lijn van microprocessoren er sterk door ge\u00EFnspireerd geweest."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11 var en serie 16-bits minidatorer s\u00E5lda av Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) fr\u00E5n 1970 fram till 1990-talet, en i en f\u00F6ljd av produkter i PDP-serien. PDP-11 ersatte i m\u00E5nga realtidsapplikationer, \u00E4ven om b\u00E5da produktlinjerna fortlevde parallellt i mer \u00E4n 10 \u00E5r. PDP-11 hade flera unika innovativa funktioner och var l\u00E4ttare att programmera \u00E4n sina f\u00F6retr\u00E4dare till stor del p\u00E5 grund av dess ortogonala arkitektur. Dess efterf\u00F6ljare i minidatornischen var 32-bits ."@sv . . . . "PDP-11 va ser una s\u00E8rie de miniordinadors de 16 bits fabricats per Digital Equipment Corporation en els anys 1970 i 1980. Va ser pionera en la interconnexi\u00F3 de tots els elements del sistema - processador, mem\u00F2ria RAM i perif\u00E8rics - a un \u00FAnic bus de comunicaci\u00F3, bidireccional, as\u00EDncron. Aquest dispositiu, anomenat Unibus permetia als dispositius enviar, rebre o intercanviar dades sense necessitat de fer un pas intermedi per la mem\u00F2ria. La PDP-11 va ser una de les s\u00E8ries de miniordinadors m\u00E9s venudes en la seva \u00E8poca i va ser un dels primers ordinadors en qu\u00E8 va c\u00F3rrer el sistema operatiu Unix, desenvolupat en els Laboratoris Bell."@ca . . . . "The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a set of products in the Programmed Data Processor (PDP) series. In total, around 600,000 PDP-11s of all models were sold, making it one of DEC's most successful product lines. The PDP-11 is considered by some experts to be the most popular minicomputer. An effort to expand the PDP-11 from 16 to 32-bit addressing led to the VAX-11 design, which took part of its name from the PDP-11."@en . . . . . . "Die PDP-11 war ein 1970 eingef\u00FChrter, in den 1970er Jahren weit verbreiteter 16-Bit-Computer der Digital Equipment Corporation. Obwohl nicht explizit als Nachfolger konzipiert, l\u00F6ste er bei vielen Anwendungen in der Prozessrechentechnik den vorher dominierenden 12-Bit-Computer PDP-8 aus der Programmed-Data-Processor-Reihe ab. Das technische Konzept der PDP-11-Serie war einfach gehalten. Ein standardisiertes \u201EUniverselles Bus-System\u201C (Unibus), \u00FCber das Zentraleinheit, Arbeitsspeicher und Ein-/Ausgabe-Ger\u00E4te miteinander kommunizierten."@de . . . . . . . . . . "51076"^^ . . . . "PDP-11"@nl . . "A PDP-11/40 CPU is at the bottom, with a TU56 dual DECtape drive installed above it."@en . . . . . "PDP-11"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11 var en serie 16-bits minidatorer s\u00E5lda av Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) fr\u00E5n 1970 fram till 1990-talet, en i en f\u00F6ljd av produkter i PDP-serien. PDP-11 ersatte i m\u00E5nga realtidsapplikationer, \u00E4ven om b\u00E5da produktlinjerna fortlevde parallellt i mer \u00E4n 10 \u00E5r. PDP-11 hade flera unika innovativa funktioner och var l\u00E4ttare att programmera \u00E4n sina f\u00F6retr\u00E4dare till stor del p\u00E5 grund av dess ortogonala arkitektur. Dess efterf\u00F6ljare i minidatornischen var 32-bits . Funktioner i PDP-11 hade inflytande p\u00E5 utformningen av mikroprocessorer som Motorola 68000; funktioner i datorns operativsystem, s\u00E5v\u00E4l som andra operativsystem fr\u00E5n Digital Equiplement, hade inflytande p\u00E5 andra operativsystem som CP/M och d\u00E4rmed \u00E4ven MS-DOS. Den f\u00F6rsta officiellt namngivna versionen av Unix k\u00F6rdes 1970 p\u00E5 en PDP-11/20. Det s\u00E4gs ofta att programmeringsspr\u00E5ket C drog nytta av flera PDP-11-specifika l\u00E5gniv\u00E5programmeringsfunktioner, \u00E4ven om detta inte var planerat fr\u00E5n b\u00F6rjan av spr\u00E5kets skapare."@sv . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "--03-10"^^ . . . . . . . "PDP-11 \u306F\u3001\u30C7\u30A3\u30B8\u30BF\u30EB\u30FB\u30A4\u30AF\u30A4\u30C3\u30D7\u30E1\u30F3\u30C8\u30FB\u30B3\u30FC\u30DD\u30EC\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3(DEC)\u304C1970\u5E74\u4EE3\u304B\u30891980\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u8CA9\u58F2\u3057\u305F16\u30D3\u30C3\u30C8\u30DF\u30CB\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u30B7\u30EA\u30FC\u30BA\u3002PDP-11 \u306F DEC\u306EPDP\u30B7\u30EA\u30FC\u30BA\u306EPDP-8\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u306E\u4E3B\u306B\u30EA\u30A2\u30EB\u30BF\u30A4\u30E0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u306E\u5F8C\u7D99\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u4E21\u30B7\u30EA\u30FC\u30BA\u306F10\u5E74\u9593\u4EE5\u4E0A\u4E26\u5B58\u3057\u305F\u3002\u9769\u65B0\u7684\u6A5F\u80FD\u3092\u3044\u304F\u3064\u304B\u6301\u3061\u3001\u5F93\u6765\u3088\u308A\u3082\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u304C\u5BB9\u6613\u306B\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3002\u30DF\u30C3\u30C9\u30EC\u30F3\u30B8\u306E\u30DF\u30CB\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u5F8C\u7D99\u306F32\u30D3\u30C3\u30C8\u306EVAX\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u305D\u306E\u8A2D\u8A08\u4E0A\u306E\u7279\u5FB4\u306F\u3001\u30E2\u30C8\u30ED\u30FC\u30E9\u306EMC68000\u306A\u3069\u306E\u30DE\u30A4\u30AF\u30ED\u30D7\u30ED\u30BB\u30C3\u30B5\u306E\u8A2D\u8A08\u306B\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53CA\u307C\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u307E\u305FPDP-11\u4E0A\u306E\u30AA\u30DA\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0 (OS) \u306E\u8A2D\u8A08\u306F\u4ED6\u306EOS\u3001\u4F8B\u3048\u3070CP/M\u3084MS-DOS\u306E\u8A2D\u8A08\u306B\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u53CA\u307C\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u6700\u521D\u306E\u516C\u5F0F\u306BUNIX\u3068\u540D\u4ED8\u3051\u3089\u308C\u305F\u30D0\u30FC\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u306EOS\u306F\u30011970\u5E74\u306B PDP-11/20 \u4E0A\u3067\u52D5\u4F5C\u3057\u305F\u3002PDP-11\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u4E0A\u306E\u4F4E\u30EC\u30D9\u30EB\u306A\u7279\u5FB4\u3068C\u8A00\u8A9E\u306E\u8A00\u8A9E\u8981\u7D20\u306E\u985E\u4F3C\u306F\u975E\u5E38\u306B\u3088\u304F\u8A00\u308F\u308C\u3066\u306F\u3044\u308B\u304C\u3001\u610F\u56F3\u7684\u306B\u305D\u306E\u3088\u3046\u306B\u8A2D\u8A08\u3057\u305F\u308F\u3051\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u3002\u305F\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001C\u8A00\u8A9E\u306E ++ \u3084 -- \u306F\u3001PDP-11\u3088\u308A\u53E4\u3044\u3001PDP-7\u306B\u5B9F\u88C5\u3057\u305FB\u8A00\u8A9E\u306B\u7531\u6765\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30CF\u30FC\u30C9\u30A6\u30A7\u30A2\u306E\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305F\u6A5F\u80FD\u304B\u3089\u306E\u5F71\u97FF\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3060\u308D\u3046\u304C\u3001\u3044\u304F\u3064\u304B\u306E\u7279\u5FB4\u306F\u30CF\u30FC\u30C9\u30A6\u30A7\u30A2\u304B\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308A\u3082\u30C8\u30F3\u30D7\u30BD\u30F3\u306E\u30AA\u30EA\u30B8\u30CA\u30EB\u3067\u3042\u308D\u3046\u3068\u30EA\u30C3\u30C1\u30FC\u304C\u66F8\u304D\u6B8B\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\uFF08en:Increment and decrement operators#History\u3092\u53C2\u7167\uFF09\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . "Un PDP-11 est un mod\u00E8le d'ordinateur de la gamme des PDP (Programmable Data Processor) construit par Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) entre 1970 et 1993. Tous les PDP-11 sont 16 bits et entrent dans la classe des mini-ordinateurs. Ils furent extr\u00EAmement populaires car ils alliaient modularit\u00E9, un excellent rapport qualit\u00E9/prix, et leur utilisation n'\u00E9tait pas cantonn\u00E9e \u00E0 un seul secteur d'application : on les retrouvait aussi bien dans les laboratoires de physique pour faire de l'acquisition de donn\u00E9es que dans les cabinets comptables. Enfin, le monde universitaire a aussi fait l'acquisition d'un nombre important de ces machines. Cette gamme est aussi populaire car elle a servi de base au d\u00E9veloppement du syst\u00E8me d'exploitation Unix et du langage C. La pr\u00E9-incr\u00E9mentation (++i) et la post-incr\u00E9mentation (i++) du C permettaient en particulier d'exploiter cette possibilit\u00E9 du langage-machine du PDP-11. Elle arriva \u00E9galement quand l'IBM 1130 lanc\u00E9 en 1965, qui \u00E9quipait beaucoup de laboratoires et d'\u00E9coles d'ing\u00E9nieurs dans le monde, commen\u00E7ait \u00E0 prendre de l'\u00E2ge sans avoir de successeur propos\u00E9 par IBM. Hormis son immense biblioth\u00E8que contributive de logiciels gratuits, le 1130 ne poss\u00E9dait pas d'avantage particulier sur le PDP-11 ni en vitesse, ni en co\u00FBt. Comme beaucoup d'autres, cette gamme a disparu car son espace d'adressage m\u00E9moire \u00E9tait trop limit\u00E9 (16 \u00E0 18 bits, 22 au maximum). Elle fut remplac\u00E9e par les VAX, qui signifie Virtual Address eXtension (Extension de l'adressage virtuel), 32 bits. Les VAX poss\u00E8dent un mode de fonctionnement \u00AB compatible PDP-11 \u00BB."@fr . . . . . . . "PDP-11\u70BA\u8FEA\u5409\u591A\u96FB\u8166\u65BC1970\u52301980\u5E74\u4EE3\u6240\u92B7\u552E\u7684\u4E00\u7CFB\u521716\u4F4D\u5143\u8FF7\u4F60\u96FB\u8166\uFF0C\u9019\u500B\u7522\u54C1\u7DDA\u7E3D\u8A08\u92B7\u552E\u7D04600,000\u90E8\uFF0C\u662F\u8FEA\u5409\u591A\u6700\u6210\u529F\u7684\u7522\u54C1\u7DDA\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002PDP-11\u662F\u8FEA\u5409\u591A\u96FB\u8166\u7684PDP-8\u7CFB\u5217\u7684\u5F8C\u7E8C\u6A5F\u7A2E\u3002PDP-11\u6709\u8457\u8A31\u591A\u5275\u65B0\u7684\u7279\u8272\uFF0C\u800C\u4E14\u6BD4\u8D77\u5176\u524D\u4EE3\u6A5F\u7A2E\u66F4\u5BB9\u6613\u64B0\u5BEB\u7A0B\u5F0F\u3002\u757632\u4F4D\u5143\u7684\u5F8C\u7E8C\u64F4\u5145\u6A5F\u578BVAX-11\u63A8\u51FA\u6642\uFF0CPDP-11\u5DF2\u7D93\u5EE3\u53D7\u7A0B\u5F0F\u8A2D\u8A08\u5E2B\u7684\u559C\u611B\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500B\u6A5F\u578B\u5F8C\u7E8C\u7684\u5E02\u5834\uFF0C\u5247\u591A\u7531IBM PC\u3001\u860B\u679C\u4E8C\u865F\u8207\u6607\u967D\u96FB\u8166\u7684\u5DE5\u4F5C\u7AD9\u96FB\u8166\u7B49\u500B\u4EBA\u96FB\u8166\u6240\u53D6\u4EE3\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "PDP-11\uC740 \uB514\uC9C0\uD138 \uC774\uD045\uBA3C\uD2B8 \uCF54\uD37C\uB808\uC774\uC158(DEC)\uAC00 1970\uB144\uBD80\uD130 1990\uB144\uB300\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uD310\uB9E4\uD558\uC600\uB358 16\uBE44\uD2B8 \uBBF8\uB2C8\uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uC2DC\uB9AC\uC988\uB85C, PDP \uC2DC\uB9AC\uC988\uC758 \uC81C\uD488\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC740 \uC790\uC2E0\uB9CC\uC758 \uD601\uC2E0\uC801\uC778 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB4E4\uC744 \uBA87 \uAC1C \uAC16\uCD94\uACE0 \uC788\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uCD94\uAC00\uC801\uC778 \uBC94\uC6A9 \uB808\uC9C0\uC2A4\uD130\uB4E4\uC744 \uC774\uC6A9\uD558\uC5EC \uC804\uC791\uBCF4\uB2E4 \uD504\uB85C\uADF8\uB798\uBC0D\uC744 \uD558\uAE30 \uB354 \uC26C\uC6E0\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC740 \uC218\uB9CE\uC740 \uC2E4\uC2DC\uAC04 \uC751\uC6A9 \uBD80\uBD84\uC5D0\uC11C PDP-8\uC744 \uB300\uCCB4\uD558\uC600\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uB450 \uC81C\uD488 \uB77C\uC778 \uB458 \uB2E4 10\uB144 \uB118\uAC8C \uD568\uAED8 \uC0DD\uC874\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC804\uBC18\uC801\uC73C\uB85C, \uC804\uCCB4 \uBAA8\uB378 \uC911 \uC57D 600,000\uB300\uC758 PDP-11\uC774 \uD310\uB9E4\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, DEC\uC758 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC131\uACF5\uC801\uC778 \uC81C\uD488 \uB77C\uC778\uB4E4 \uAC00\uC6B4\uB370 \uD558\uB098\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBBF8\uB4DC\uB808\uC778\uC9C0 \uBBF8\uB2C8\uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uD2C8\uC0C8 \uBD80\uBB38\uC758 \uD6C4\uACC4\uC791\uC778 32\uBE44\uD2B8 \uB77C\uB294 \uC774\uB984\uC740 PDP-11\uC758 \uC778\uAE30\uC5D0 \uD798\uC785\uC5B4 \uC9C0\uC5B4\uC84C\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC740 \uC77C\uBD80 \uC804\uBB38\uAC00\uB4E4\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB300\uC911\uC801\uC778 \uBBF8\uB2C8\uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130\uB85C \uC778\uC2DD\uB41C\uB2E4. PDP-11\uC758 \uB514\uC790\uC778 \uD2B9\uC9D5\uB4E4\uC740 \uC778\uD154 x86, \uBAA8\uD1A0\uB85C\uB77C 68000 \uB4F1 1970\uB144\uB300 \uB9D0 \uCEF4\uD4E8\uD130 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uB4E4\uC758 \uB514\uC790\uC778\uC5D0 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB514\uC9C0\uD138 \uC704\uD045\uBA3C\uD2B8\uC758 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC6B4\uC601 \uCCB4\uC81C\uBFD0 \uC544\uB2C8\uB77C PDP-11 \uC6B4\uC601 \uCCB4\uC81C\uC758 \uB514\uC790\uC778 \uAE30\uB2A5\uB4E4\uC740 CP/M\uACFC \uAC19\uC740 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC6B4\uC601 \uCCB4\uC81C\uB4E4\uC758 \uB514\uC790\uC778\uC5D0\uB3C4 \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uC8FC\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70 MS-DOS\uB3C4 \uB9C8\uCC2C\uAC00\uC9C0\uC774\uB2E4. 10\uB144 \uB3D9\uC548 PDP-11\uC740 \uC720\uB2C9\uC2A4\uB97C \uC2E4\uD589\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB358 \uCD5C\uC18C\uD615 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uACF5\uC2DD\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uBA85\uBA85\uB41C \uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uD310\uC740 1970\uB144\uC5D0 PDP-11/20\uC5D0\uC11C \uAD6C\uB3D9\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. C \uD504\uB85C\uADF8\uB798\uBC0D \uC5B8\uC5B4\uAC00 \uC800\uAE09 PDP-11 \uC758\uC874 \uD504\uB85C\uADF8\uB798\uBC0D \uAE30\uB2A5\uB4E4 \uBA87 \uAC00\uC9C0\uC758 \uC774\uC810\uC744 \uCDE8\uD558\uC600\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD55C\uB2E4. (\uBE44\uB85D \uC124\uACC4 \uC0C1 \uC624\uB9AC\uC9C0\uB110\uC774 \uC544\uB2D0\uC9C0\uB77C\uB3C4)"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . "Il PDP-11 (\"Programmed Data Processor model 11\") era una serie di computer con architettura a 16 bit fabbricato da Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) a partire dagli inizi del 1970. Il PDP-11 fu il successore del PDP-8 e incluse una serie di migliorie che ne semplificavano la programmazione. Fu sostituito spesso dai sistemi VAX-11 a 32 bit che mantenevano molte caratteristiche del PDP-11 estendendo il set di indirizzamento e la potenza di calcolo. Inoltre, fu su un PDP-11 della AT&T che Dennis Ritchie fece girare il primo programma scritto in C."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "PDP-11"@ca . . . . . . . "PDP-11 fue una computadora fabricada por la empresa Digital Equipment Corp. en las d\u00E9cadas de 1970 y 1980, perteneciente a la serie PDP. Fue la primera minicomputadora en interconectar todos los elementos del sistema \u2014 procesador, memoria y perif\u00E9rico \u2014 a un \u00FAnico bus de comunicaci\u00F3n, bidireccional, as\u00EDncrono. Este dispositivo, llamado UNIBUS permit\u00EDa a los dispositivos enviar, recibir o intercambiar datos sin necesidad de dar un paso intermedio por la memoria. La PDP-11 fue una de las series de minicomputadoras m\u00E1s vendidas en su \u00E9poca y fue una de las primeras computadoras en las que corri\u00F3 el sistema Unix, desarrollado en los Laboratorios Bell."@es . . . . . "around 600,000"@en . . . . .