. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0397 Motown \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1. \u0399\u03B4\u03C1\u03CD\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD (Berry Gordy, Jr.) \u03C9\u03C2 Tamla Records \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 12 \u0399\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1959 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03AE\u03C1\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03C9\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C9\u03C2 Motown Record Corporation \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 14 \u0391\u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1960, \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7 \u039D\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03B9\u03C4 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u039C\u03AF\u03C3\u03B9\u03B3\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD. \u03A4\u03BF \u03CC\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2, \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03C5\u03B1\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BB\u03AD\u03BE\u03B5\u03C9\u03BD Motor \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 Town, \u03AD\u03B3\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039D\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03B9\u03C4. \u0397 Motown \u03AD\u03C0\u03B1\u03B9\u03BE\u03B5 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C1\u03CC\u03BB\u03BF \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C6\u03C5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03BD\u03C3\u03C9\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BB\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C6\u03C1\u03BF-\u03B1\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03BF\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1. \u03A3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03B5\u03C4\u03AF\u03B1 1960, \u03B7 Motown \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03B8\u03C5\u03B3\u03B1\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 (\u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03B1\u03BC\u03B2\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 Tamla Motown, \u03B5\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD\u03C5\u03BC\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C7\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u0397.\u03A0.\u0391.) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03B9\u03C3\u03AE\u03B3\u03B1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03B7\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03AE\u03C7\u03BF \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AD\u03B3\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5 \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BF \u0389\u03C7\u03BF\u03C2 Motown, \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03B5\u03AF\u03B4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CC\u03BF\u03C5\u03BB \u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C4\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C1\u03C1\u03BF\u03AE \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03BF\u03C0 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE (pop music). \u039A\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03B5\u03C4\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 1960, \u03C0\u03AD\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03B5 \u03B8\u03B5\u03B1\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03AE \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1: 79 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u0394\u03AD\u03BA\u03B1 \u03A0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B5\u03C2 \u0395\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 (Top Ten) \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 Billboard Hot 100 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD 1960 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 1969. \u039A\u03B1\u03C4\u03CC\u03C0\u03B9\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B3\u03B5\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03CC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1967 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CE\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD Eddie Holland, Lamont Dozier \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 Brian Holland (\u03BF\u03B9 \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C6\u03C5\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03C9 \u03B4\u03C5\u03C3\u03B1\u03C1\u03AD\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC\u03BA\u03BB\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C4\u03C5\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 - \u03B1\u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03B2\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2), \u03BF \u0393\u03BA\u03CC\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AD\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 Motown \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u039B\u03BF\u03C2 \u0386\u03BD\u03C4\u03B6\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1972, \u03CC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AD\u03BC\u03B5\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03BE\u03AC\u03C1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0399\u03BF\u03CD\u03BD\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 1988. \u03A4\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5, \u03BF \u0393\u03BA\u03CC\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03AF\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03CC\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C3\u03CD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B2\u03B9\u03BF\u03BC\u03B7\u03C7\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u03AD\u03C7\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03C1\u03BF\u03C6\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03AF \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03C0\u03BF \u03B6\u03C9\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03A7\u03CC\u03BB\u03B9\u03B3\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C7\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 \u03AE\u03B4\u03B7 \u03BA\u03C5\u03BA\u03BB\u03BF\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03B4\u03CD\u03BF \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2: \u03A4\u03BF \u038A\u03BD\u03B4\u03B1\u03BB\u03BC\u03B1 (Mahogany, 1975) \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C0\u03C1\u03C9\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u039D\u03C4\u03B1\u03CA\u03AC\u03BD\u03B1 \u03A1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B2\u03B9\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039C\u03C0\u03AF\u03BB\u03B9 \u03A7\u03CC\u03BB\u03B9\u03BD\u03C4\u03B5\u03CA, \u0397 \u039A\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03A4\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B1 \u039C\u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03C5\u03B6 (Lady Sings the Blues, 1972). \u0397 \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5 \u03C0\u03C9\u03BB\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE . \u03A4\u03BF 1994 \u03C0\u03C9\u03BB\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD , \u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD \u03C0\u03C9\u03BB\u03B7\u03B8\u03B5\u03AF \u03B5\u03BA \u03BD\u03AD\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03B4\u03BF\u03C7\u03BF \u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 MCA, Universal Music Group, \u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03B3\u03CC\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD PolyGram \u03C4\u03BF 1999. \u039A\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03B5\u03C4\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 2000, \u03B7 Motown \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BC\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD Universal Motown \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 Universal Motown Republic Group, \u03B8\u03C5\u03B3\u03B1\u03C4\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 Universal Music, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03AF\u03C7\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AD\u03B4\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u039D\u03AD\u03B1 \u03A5\u03CC\u03C1\u03BA\u03B7. \u0391\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF 2011 \u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 2014, \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BC\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 The Island Def Jam Music Group, \u03C4\u03BC\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 Universal Music. \u03A4\u03B7\u03BD 1\u03B7 \u0391\u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 2014, \u03B7 Universal Music Group \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03AF\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 Island Def Jam\u00B7 \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03B8\u03C9\u03C2 \u03B7 Motown \u03B5\u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03B3\u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03AC\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u039B\u03BF\u03C2 \u0386\u03BD\u03C4\u03B6\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AE\u03C3\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C5\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03CC\u03BC\u03B9\u03BB\u03BF . \u03A4\u03CE\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03B3\u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03AD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD (Capitol Tower), \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u039B\u03BF\u03C2 \u0386\u03BD\u03C4\u03B6\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039A\u03B1\u03BB\u03B9\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1. \u0393\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03B5\u03C4\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2, \u03B7 Motown \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B7 \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03BA\u03B5\u03C1\u03B4\u03BF\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C6\u03C1\u03BF-\u03B1\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C7\u03B5\u03AF\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u0397.\u03A0.\u0391."@el . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30A6\u30F3"@ja . . "Motown Records"@ru . "1958"^^ . . "1958-06-07"^^ . . . . . "Motown is een Amerikaanse platenmaatschappij die in 1959 werd opgericht door Berry Gordy Jr. in Detroit. De naam is een samentrekking van \"Motor City\", de bijnaam voor Detroit, en het woord \"town\". Onder de vele labels van Motown waren Motown Records en Tamla Records de bekendste. In Europa werden de platen veelal onder de naam Tamla-Motown uitgebracht. Nederlandse artiesten van wie Motown enkele platen in de VS heeft uitgebracht waren en The Cats. Sinds 2009 is de Nederlander Waylon door Universal ondergebracht bij het onderdeel Motown."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "#000000"@en . . . . . . "\u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062A\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u064A\u0631\u064A \u063A\u0648\u0631\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062F\u0631\u062C\u062A \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u064A\u062A\u0631\u0648\u064A\u062A\u060C \u0645\u064A\u0634\u064A\u063A\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A 14 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1960. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062A\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062F\u0629 (Motor \u0648 Town \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629)\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062F\u064A\u062A\u0631\u0648\u064A\u062A. \u064A\u0648\u062C\u062F \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064A\u0648\u064A\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062A\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A\u0641\u0627\u0646\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062A\u0627\u062C \u0644\u0628\u064A\u0631\u064A \u063A\u0648\u0631\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u062A\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u062A\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062A \u0641\u064A 12 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1959. \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062A \u062F\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064B \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0627\u064B \u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0645\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D\u062A \u064A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064A\u0632."@ar . . . . . . . . "\uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4(Motown)\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uC74C\uBC18 \uD68C\uC0AC\uB85C, \uBCA0\uB9AC \uACE0\uB514\uAC00 \uD0C0\uBBC8\uB77C \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC\uB85C 1959\uB144 1\uC6D4 12\uC77C \uCC3D\uAC74, \uC774\uD6C4 1960\uB144 4\uC6D4 14\uC77C \uBBF8\uC2DC\uAC04\uC8FC \uB514\uD2B8\uB85C\uC774\uD2B8\uC5D0\uC11C \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC \uCF54\uD37C\uB808\uC774\uC158 \uBA85\uCE6D\uC758 \uC8FC\uC2DD\uD68C\uC0AC\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uBA85\uC740 \uBAA8\uD130(motor) \uD0C0\uC6B4(town)\uC758 \uD63C\uD569\uC5B4\uC778\uB370, \uACE7 \uB514\uD2B8\uB85C\uC774\uD2B8\uC758 \uBCC4\uBA85\uC73C\uB85C\uB3C4 \uC790\uB9AC\uC7A1\uB294\uB2E4. \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uACC4 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778 \uC18C\uC720\uC758 \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC \uB808\uC774\uBE14\uB85C\uC11C \uD070 \uD06C\uB85C\uC2A4\uC624\uBC84 \uC131\uACF5\uC744 \uC774\uB8E9\uD588\uAE30\uC5D0 \uB300\uC911\uC74C\uC545\uC5D0\uC11C\uC758 \uC778\uC885 \uD1B5\uD569\uC5D0 \uC9C0\uB300\uD55C \uC5ED\uD560\uC744 \uC218\uD589\uD588\uB2E4. 1960\uB144\uB300 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uACFC \uADF8 \uC790\uD68C\uC0AC(\uBBF8\uAD6D \uAD6D\uC678\uC5D0\uC11C \uD65C\uB3D9\uD55C \uBE0C\uB79C\uB4DC \uD0C0\uBBC8\uB77C \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uD3EC\uD568)\uB294 \uB69C\uB837\uD55C \uD31D \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC740 \uC194 \uC74C\uC545\uC758 \uD55C \uAC08\uB798\uC778 \uC774\uB978\uBC14 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uC0AC\uC6B4\uB4DC(Motown Sound)\uC758 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC131\uACF5\uD55C \uCC3D\uC2DC\uC790\uC600\uB2E4. 1960\uB144\uB300 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC18C\uADDC\uBAA8 \uC74C\uBC18 \uD68C\uC0AC\uB97C \uAC70\uB290\uB9AC\uBA70 \uB9C9\uB300\uD55C \uC131\uACF5\uC744 \uAC70\uB450\uC5C8\uACE0, 1960\uB144\uACFC 1969\uB144 \uC0AC\uC774 \uBE4C\uBCF4\uB4DC \uD56B 100\uC5D0\uC11C \uD1B1 10 \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC\uB97C 79\uC7A5 \uB9CC\uB4E4\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC218\uC2ED\uB144\uAC04 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uB0B4 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uACC4 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778 \uC5C5\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB9CE\uC740 \uC18C\uB4DD\uC744 \uAE30\uB85D\uD55C \uD68C\uC0AC\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . "1122909168"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "Motown"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AMotown Records\uFF09\u662F\u7F8E\u56FD\u73AF\u7403\u97F3\u4E50\u96C6\u56E2\u6240\u62E5\u6709\u7684\u4E00\u5BB6\u5531\u7247\u516C\u53F8\u3002\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247\u7684\u524D\u8EAB\u662F\u5854\u59C6\u62C9\u5531\u7247\uFF08Tamla Records\uFF09\uFF0C\u5B83\u4E8E1959\u5E741\u670812\u65E5\u7531\u8C9D\u745E\u00B7\u9AD8\u8FEA\u521B\u7ACB\uFF1B1960\u5E744\u670814\u65E5\uFF0C\u516C\u53F8\u6539\u7EC4\u4E3A\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247\u3002"@zh . . "Motown Records is an American record label owned by the Universal Music Group. It was founded by Berry Gordy Jr. as Tamla Records on June 7, 1958, and incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14, 1960. Its name, a portmanteau of motor and town, has become a nickname for Detroit, where the label was originally headquartered. Following the events of the Detroit Riots of 1967, and the loss of key songwriting/production team Holland\u2013Dozier\u2013Holland that year over pay disputes, Gordy moved Motown to Los Angeles, California. Motown expanded into film and television production."@en . . . . . . . . . "\u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646"@ar . "Motown is een Amerikaanse platenmaatschappij die in 1959 werd opgericht door Berry Gordy Jr. in Detroit. De naam is een samentrekking van \"Motor City\", de bijnaam voor Detroit, en het woord \"town\". Onder de vele labels van Motown waren Motown Records en Tamla Records de bekendste. In Europa werden de platen veelal onder de naam Tamla-Motown uitgebracht. Zeker in de jaren zestig en zeventig was Motown meer dan een label. De muziek die er werd geproduceerd, door Gordy gelabeld als \"The sound of young America\", vormde de eerste basis voor de doorbraak van Afro-Amerikaanse populaire muziek naar een blank publiek. De muziek heeft een kenmerkend geluid, doordat een vaste groep componisten en producers voor de vormgeving zorgde en voor vrijwel alle opnames dezelfde huisband The Funk Brothers gebruikt werd, met achtergrondzang van The Andantes en hun mannelijke tegenhangers . Motown bracht veel grote sterren voort, van wie Diana Ross (& The Supremes), Michael Jackson (& The Jackson 5), Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, Smokey Robinson (& The Miracles), The Four Tops, The Temptations, Martha & The Vandellas en Lionel Richie de grootste bekendheid genieten, ook in Europa. Ook Gladys Knight & the Pips, Edwin Starr en The Isley Brothers, die ook op andere labels succesvol zijn geweest, profiteerden in hun Motownperiode van de mogelijkheden die dit label bood op het gebied van liedjesschrijven, platenproductie en promotie. Er waren ook artiesten die Motown teleurgesteld de rug toekeerden, onder wie Mary Wells, Brenda Holloway en Kim Weston, maar hun verdere carri\u00E8res waren minder succesvol dan toen ze bij Motown onder contract stonden. Motown begon als een familiebedrijf, maar werd in 1988 verkocht aan MCA Records, waarna het nog enkele malen van eigenaar verwisselde. Tegenwoordig maakt Motown deel uit van The Island Def Jam Motown Music Group, dat zelf weer een onderdeel is van de Universal Music Group. Nederlandse artiesten van wie Motown enkele platen in de VS heeft uitgebracht waren en The Cats. Sinds 2009 is de Nederlander Waylon door Universal ondergebracht bij het onderdeel Motown."@nl . "Motown"@ca . . . "Motown Records atau dikenal sebagai Motown, adalah label rekaman Amerika Serikat yang dimiliki oleh Universal Music Group. Awalnya didirikan oleh Berry Gordy Jr sebagai Tamla Records pada 12 Januari 1959, dan didirikan sebagai Motown Record Corporation pada 14 April 1960. Namanya, menjadi portmanteau yang berasal dari kata motor dan kota, yang identik dengan industri otomotif yang menjadi sektor ekonomi, dan menjadi nama panggilan Detroit, yang juga menjadi tempat markas pertama label tersebut Motown memainkan peran penting dalam integrasi rasial musik populer sebagai label milik Afrika-Amerika yang mencapai kesuksesan genre antar rasial yang signifikan. Pada 1960-an, Motown dan label anak perusahaannya (termasuk Tamla Motown, merek yang digunakan di luar AS) adalah bagian tersukses yang kemudian dikenal sebagai Motown Sound, gaya musik soul dengan pengaruh pop yang berbeda. Motown adalah label rekaman musik soul paling sukses, dengan kekayaan bersih total US$61 juta. Selama 1960-an, Motown meraih kesuksesan spektakuler untuk label kecil: 79 catatan di sepuluh besar Billboard Hot 100 antara 1960 dan 1969. Menyusul peristiwa Kerusuhan Detroit tahun 1967 dan hilangnya tim penulis lagu/produksi utama Holland-Dozier-Holland pada tahun yang sama karena perselisihan gaji, Gordy mulai memindahkan Motown ke Los Angeles, California . Langkah ini selesai pada tahun 1972, dan Motown kemudian berkembang menjadi produksi film dan televisi, tetap menjadi perusahaan independen hingga 1994, ketika dijual ke PolyGram sebelum dijual lagi ke penerus Universal Music Group MCA Records ketika mengakuisisi PolyGram pada tahun 1999. Motown pada hampir keseluruhan dasawarsa 2000-an, berkantor pusat di Kota New York sebagai bagian dari anak perusahaan UMG Universal Motown dan Universal Motown Republic Group. Dari 2011 hingga 2014, label ini menjadi bagian dari divisi The Island Def Jam Music Group dari Universal Music. Pada tahun 2014, UMG mengumumkan pembubaran Island Def Jam, dan Motown pindah kembali ke Los Angeles untuk beroperasi di bawah Capitol Music Group, sekarang beroperasi di luar Menara Capitol yang terkenal. Pada tahun 2018, Motown menjadi bagian dari Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame di Charles H. Wright Museum, dan legenda Motown, Martha Reeves menerima penghargaan yang mewakili Motown."@in . "Motown, ou Motown Records, est une compagnie de disques am\u00E9ricaine qui fait partie de Universal Music Group. La Motown a \u00E9t\u00E9 cr\u00E9\u00E9e le 12 janvier 1959 par Berry Gordy \u00E0 D\u00E9troit dans le Michigan. Le nom Motown est la contraction de Motor Town, \u00AB la ville des moteurs \u00BB, le surnom de D\u00E9troit qui \u00E9tait alors la capitale de la production automobile."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown Records"@pl . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . "Motown Records (\u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0420\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0437, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0422\u0430\u043C\u043B\u0430 \u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E \u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 Universal Music Group. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u043C \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0430\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043C, Motown-Tamla \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043C\u0435\u0439\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043F-\u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438. \u0412 1960-\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044C \u0431\u044B\u043B\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043C-\u044D\u043D\u0434-\u0431\u043B\u044E\u0437\u0430 \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043A \u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0435 \u00AB\u043C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB (Motown Sound). \u041D\u0430 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u044C\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0435 \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044B \u0430\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043B\u0435\u0442 \u2014 \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0423\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0435\u0440, \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043D \u0413\u044D\u0439, \u0414\u0430\u0439\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0441, \u0421\u043C\u043E\u043A\u0438 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043E\u043D, \u041B\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0435\u043B \u0420\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u041C\u0430\u0439\u043A\u043B \u0414\u0436\u0435\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D, \u043A\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0442 Boyz II Men."@ru . . . . "Motown"@sv . . . . . . "Motown, baita Tamla-Motown ere, estatubatuar diskoetxea da, ekoizten duena. Detroiten sortua (Detroitek \u00ABMotor City\u00BB, motorraren hiria, izengoitia du eta hortik datorkio bere izena Mot\u2013, motorraren erroa, eta \u2013town, hiria esan nahi duena), estatubatuar musika popularretan ikaragarrizko eragina izan du eta baita mundu osokoan ere. sortu zuen 1959ko urtarrilaren 12an Tamla Records izenpean. 1960ko hamarkadan bere urrezko aroa bizi zuen eta \u00ABMotown Sound\u00BB izeneko bere soinua garatu zuen. Egun hainbat marka ditu, estiloaren arabera: \n* Soul: Motown, Tamla, Gordy, Mel-o-dy, Miracle eta Mo-West. \n* Gospel: Divinity. \n* Rock: Infinity, Morocco, Rare Earth eta Ardent. \n* Jazz: Blaze, Chisa eta Workshop. \n* Country: Hitsville, Melodyland eta MC. \n* Besteak: Ecology, Gaiee eta Black Forum."@eu . . . . . "\u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062A\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u064A\u0631\u064A \u063A\u0648\u0631\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062F\u0631\u062C\u062A \u062A\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u064A\u062A\u0631\u0648\u064A\u062A\u060C \u0645\u064A\u0634\u064A\u063A\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A 14 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1960. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062A\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062F\u0629 (Motor \u0648 Town \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629)\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062F\u064A\u062A\u0631\u0648\u064A\u062A. \u064A\u0648\u062C\u062F \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u064A\u0648\u064A\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062A\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A\u0641\u0627\u0646\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u064A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627 \u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062A\u0627\u062C \u0644\u0628\u064A\u0631\u064A \u063A\u0648\u0631\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u062A\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u062A\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062A \u0641\u064A 12 \u064A\u0646\u0627\u064A\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1959. \u062A\u0633\u062C\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062A \u062F\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064B \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0627\u064B \u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0645\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064A \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0646\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D\u062A \u064A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u062A \u0645\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0623\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064A\u0632."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Various"@en . . "United States"@en . . . . . . "Motown"@en . . . . . . . . "Motown, ou Motown Records, est une compagnie de disques am\u00E9ricaine qui fait partie de Universal Music Group. La Motown a \u00E9t\u00E9 cr\u00E9\u00E9e le 12 janvier 1959 par Berry Gordy \u00E0 D\u00E9troit dans le Michigan. Le nom Motown est la contraction de Motor Town, \u00AB la ville des moteurs \u00BB, le surnom de D\u00E9troit qui \u00E9tait alors la capitale de la production automobile."@fr . . . . "Motown"@uk . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown (1960 eingetragen als Motown Record Corporation) ist ein US-amerikanisches Musiklabel, das im Januar 1959 unter dem Namen Tamla Record Company von Berry Gordy Jr. in Detroit, Michigan, gegr\u00FCndet wurde. Au\u00DFerhalb der USA ist es teilweise auch als Tamla-Motown bekannt. Das Unternehmen machte sich vor allem durch die Produktion und den Vertrieb von R&B-, Soul- und Pop-Musik einen Namen, hatte aber stets auch K\u00FCnstler aus anderen Genres unter Vertrag. 1988 wurde das Unternehmen an die MCA/Universal verkauft und ist heute im Besitz des Major-Labels Universal Music Group. Der Firmensitz der Motown Record Corporation ist seit 2014 in Los Angeles."@de . . "Motown Records, tamb\u00E9 coneguda com a Tamla-Motown, \u00E9s una discogr\u00E0fica estatunidenca dedicada especialment a la m\u00FAsica negra (sobretot soul, funk i R&B). La seva fundaci\u00F3 fou a Detroit i des de llavors ha jugat un paper fonamental en la difusi\u00F3 de la m\u00FAsica popular nord-americana, arribant la seva influ\u00E8ncia a la majoria dels estils de m\u00FAsica moderna actuals. Fou creada el 12 de gener de 1959 per Berry Gordy, sota el nom de Tamla Records. La discogr\u00E0fica Motown es caracteritzava en els seus or\u00EDgens per cuidar tots els detalls, des dels m\u00FAsics que gravaven fins a la roba dels seus artistes principals, d'aqu\u00ED que es parli d'un so i est\u00E8tica Motown propis."@ca . . . . . . . . . "\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30A6\u30F3\uFF08Motown\uFF1BMotown Records\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u30DF\u30B7\u30AC\u30F3\u5DDE\u30C7\u30C8\u30ED\u30A4\u30C8\u767A\u7965\u306E\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u30EC\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u30021959\u5E741\u670812\u65E5\u3001\u30D9\u30EA\u30FC\u30FB\u30B4\u30FC\u30C7\u30A3\u30FB\u30B8\u30E5\u30CB\u30A2\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30BF\u30E0\u30E9\u30FB\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8A2D\u7ACB\u3057\u30011960\u5E744\u670814\u65E5\u3001\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30A6\u30F3\u30FB\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u30FB\u30B3\u30FC\u30DD\u30EC\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002 \u30EC\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u540D\u306F\u81EA\u52D5\u8ECA\u7523\u696D\u3067\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u30C7\u30C8\u30ED\u30A4\u30C8\u306E\u901A\u79F0\u300CMotor town\u300D\u306E\u7565\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La Motown Records, nota anche semplicemente come Motown, \u00E8 un\u2019etichetta discografica statunitense appartenente alla Universal Music Group.Fondata nel 1959 dall\u2019imprenditore Berry Gordy (Detroit, 28 novembre 1959), la Motown Records costituiva il principale nucleo della Motown Record Corporation, la casa discografica lanciata dallo stesso Gordy nell\u2019aprile del 1960. Tra gli artisti pi\u00F9 noti rappresentati dalla Motown Record Corporation ci sono The Miracles, The Temptations, The Supremes, Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross, The Commodores e The Jackson 5."@it . . . . "Motown Records, Motown (znana tak\u017Ce jako Tamla-Motown) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ska wytw\u00F3rnia muzyczna."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown (1960 eingetragen als Motown Record Corporation) ist ein US-amerikanisches Musiklabel, das im Januar 1959 unter dem Namen Tamla Record Company von Berry Gordy Jr. in Detroit, Michigan, gegr\u00FCndet wurde. Au\u00DFerhalb der USA ist es teilweise auch als Tamla-Motown bekannt. Das Unternehmen machte sich vor allem durch die Produktion und den Vertrieb von R&B-, Soul- und Pop-Musik einen Namen, hatte aber stets auch K\u00FCnstler aus anderen Genres unter Vertrag. 1988 wurde das Unternehmen an die MCA/Universal verkauft und ist heute im Besitz des Major-Labels Universal Music Group. Der Firmensitz der Motown Record Corporation ist seit 2014 in Los Angeles. \u201EMotown\u201C ist ein Kofferwort aus Motor und Town, eine Anspielung auf die Autostadt Detroit."@de . . . "Motown Records is an American record label owned by the Universal Music Group. It was founded by Berry Gordy Jr. as Tamla Records on June 7, 1958, and incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14, 1960. Its name, a portmanteau of motor and town, has become a nickname for Detroit, where the label was originally headquartered. Motown played an important role in the racial integration of popular music as an African American-owned label that achieved crossover success. In the 1960s, Motown and its subsidiary labels (including Tamla Motown, the brand used outside the US) were the most of the Motown sound, a style of soul music with a mainstream pop appeal. Motown was the most successful soul music label, with a net worth of $61 million. During the 1960s, Motown achieved 79 records in the top-ten of the Billboard Hot 100 between 1960 and 1969. Following the events of the Detroit Riots of 1967, and the loss of key songwriting/production team Holland\u2013Dozier\u2013Holland that year over pay disputes, Gordy moved Motown to Los Angeles, California. Motown expanded into film and television production. It was an independent company until MCA Records bought it in 1988. PolyGram purchased the label from MCA in 1993, followed by MCA successor Universal Music Group, which acquired PolyGram in 1999. Motown spent much of the 2000s headquartered in New York City as a part of the UMG subsidiaries Universal Motown and Universal Motown Republic Group. From 2011 to 2014, it was a part of The Island Def Jam Music Group division of Universal Music. In 2014, however, UMG announced the dissolution of Island Def Jam, and Motown relocated back to Los Angeles to operate under the Capitol Music Group, now operating out of the Capitol Tower. In 2018, Motown was inducted into Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in a ceremony held at the Charles H. Wright Museum. In 2021 Motown separated from the Capitol Music Group to become a standalone label once again. On November 29, 2022, Ethiopia Habtemariam announced that she is Stepping down as Chairwoman/CEO of Motown."@en . . . . . . . . . "Motown Records, zn\u00E1m\u00E9 t\u00E9\u017E jako Tamla - Motown, je nahr\u00E1vac\u00ED spole\u010Dnost s\u00EDdl\u00EDc\u00ED ve m\u011Bst\u011B Detroit v americk\u00E9m st\u00E1t\u011B Michigan. Zalo\u017Eil ji Berry Gordy v roce 1959 pod n\u00E1zvem Tamla Records, 12. ledna 1959 se stala sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED Motown Record Corporation. \u0160lo o velmi v\u00FDznamnou spole\u010Dnost, kter\u00E1 vyd\u00E1vala \u0159adu p\u0159edn\u00EDch um\u011Blc\u016F. V t\u00E9to spole\u010Dnost\u00ED vyd\u00E1vali nahr\u00E1vky hlavn\u011B Marvin Gaye a Barrett Strong a samoz\u0159ejm\u011B nespo\u010Det dal\u0161\u00EDch um\u011Blc\u016F."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown \u00E4r ett amerikanskt skivbolag. Bolaget startades av Berry Gordy som Tamla Records den 12 januari 1959 och bolagiserades som Motown Record Corporation den 14 april 1960 i Detroit, Michigan. Namnet, ett teleskopord, sammanslaget av motor och town (stad), har ocks\u00E5 blivit ett smeknamn f\u00F6r Detroit. Motown spelade en viktig roll i integrationen av popul\u00E4rmusiken, som ett afroamerikanskt \u00E4gt skivbolag som \u00E5stadkom betydande framg\u00E5ngar, b\u00E5de bland den afroamerikanska och den vita publiken. P\u00E5 1960-talet var Motown och dess dotterbolag (d\u00E4ribland Tamla Motown, varum\u00E4rket som anv\u00E4ndes utanf\u00F6r USA) de mest framg\u00E5ngsrika marknadsf\u00F6rarna av det som blev k\u00E4nt som Motown-soundet, soulmusik med distinkta popinfluenser. Under 1960-talet uppn\u00E5dde Motown f\u00F6r ett litet skivbolag spektakul\u00E4ra framg\u00E5ngar"@sv . . . . . "Motown \u00E4r ett amerikanskt skivbolag. Bolaget startades av Berry Gordy som Tamla Records den 12 januari 1959 och bolagiserades som Motown Record Corporation den 14 april 1960 i Detroit, Michigan. Namnet, ett teleskopord, sammanslaget av motor och town (stad), har ocks\u00E5 blivit ett smeknamn f\u00F6r Detroit. Motown spelade en viktig roll i integrationen av popul\u00E4rmusiken, som ett afroamerikanskt \u00E4gt skivbolag som \u00E5stadkom betydande framg\u00E5ngar, b\u00E5de bland den afroamerikanska och den vita publiken. P\u00E5 1960-talet var Motown och dess dotterbolag (d\u00E4ribland Tamla Motown, varum\u00E4rket som anv\u00E4ndes utanf\u00F6r USA) de mest framg\u00E5ngsrika marknadsf\u00F6rarna av det som blev k\u00E4nt som Motown-soundet, soulmusik med distinkta popinfluenser. Under 1960-talet uppn\u00E5dde Motown f\u00F6r ett litet skivbolag spektakul\u00E4ra framg\u00E5ngar, med 79 skivor placerade p\u00E5 topp tio-listan p\u00E5 Billboard Hot 100 mellan 1960 och 1969. Motown var mycket popul\u00E4rt under 1960-talet."@sv . . "Motown Records, zn\u00E1m\u00E9 t\u00E9\u017E jako Tamla - Motown, je nahr\u00E1vac\u00ED spole\u010Dnost s\u00EDdl\u00EDc\u00ED ve m\u011Bst\u011B Detroit v americk\u00E9m st\u00E1t\u011B Michigan. Zalo\u017Eil ji Berry Gordy v roce 1959 pod n\u00E1zvem Tamla Records, 12. ledna 1959 se stala sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED Motown Record Corporation. \u0160lo o velmi v\u00FDznamnou spole\u010Dnost, kter\u00E1 vyd\u00E1vala \u0159adu p\u0159edn\u00EDch um\u011Blc\u016F. V t\u00E9to spole\u010Dnost\u00ED vyd\u00E1vali nahr\u00E1vky hlavn\u011B Marvin Gaye a Barrett Strong a samoz\u0159ejm\u011B nespo\u010Det dal\u0161\u00EDch um\u011Blc\u016F."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown Records, Motown (znana tak\u017Ce jako Tamla-Motown) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ska wytw\u00F3rnia muzyczna."@pl . . "A Motown Records, tamb\u00E9m conhecida como Tamla-Motown, \u00E9 uma gravadora americana de discos fundada em 12 de janeiro de 1959 por Berry Gordy Jr. na cidade de Detroit, estado americano de Michigan conhecida como \"Motors Town\", devido \u00E0s montadoras de autom\u00F3veis ali instaladas. O nome da gravadora \u00E9 uma redu\u00E7\u00E3o de \"Motor Town\". Nos anos 60 foi a mais bem sucedida na cria\u00E7\u00E3o daquilo que se tornou conhecido como O Som da Motown, um estilo de \"soul\" bem caracter\u00EDstico, com o uso de instrumentos como pandeiros, baterias e instrumentos do \"rhythm and blues\" al\u00E9m de um estilo de 'canto-e-resposta' (com a repeti\u00E7\u00E3o, por parte do coral, de frases inteiras ou palavras de alguns versos) origin\u00E1rio da m\u00FAsica gospel. O \"som da Motown\" tamb\u00E9m \u00E9 marcado pelo uso de orquestra\u00E7\u00E3o e instrumentos de sopro, por harmonias bem arranjadas e outros refinamentos de produ\u00E7\u00E3o da m\u00FAsica pop, e \u00E9 considerado precursor da Era Disco dos anos 70. Apesar de terem existido m\u00FAsicos negros norte-americanos de grande sucesso antes dos anos 60, incluindo Louis Armstrong, Ella Fitzgerald, Nat King Cole, e Chuck Berry, a Motown foi a mais importante lan\u00E7adora de artistas negros desde seu surgimento at\u00E9 o surgimento do chamado \"hip hop\". Foi tamb\u00E9m a primeira a lan\u00E7ar m\u00FAsicas que deixavam de lado o puro e simples lirismo e mergulhavam tamb\u00E9m em temas s\u00F3cio-pol\u00EDticos. Foi tamb\u00E9m a criadora dos chamados 'girl groups', como Martha & the Vandellas e The Supremes. Seus artistas eram vestidos, penteados e coreografados de modo impec\u00E1vel, para exibi\u00E7\u00F5es ao vivo nas tev\u00EAs e shows. Deveriam, para a gravadora, funcionar como uma esp\u00E9cie de \"embaixadores\" para outros artistas negros norte-americanos em busca de sucesso. A maioria dos sucessos da Motown nos anos 60 - destaque para as primeiras grava\u00E7\u00F5es de Diana Ross e The Supremes - foi escrita pelo trio de compositores Holland-Dozier-Holland (Lamont Dozier, e os irm\u00E3os Brian e Edwin Holland Jr.). Tanto cuidado com a produ\u00E7\u00E3o deu resultados: de 1961 a 1971 a Motown conseguiu emplacar nada menos que 110 m\u00FAsicas no \"Top 10\" norte-americano. Para completar o acompanhamento de alguns artistas, a gravadora teve tamb\u00E9m sua pr\u00F3pria orquestra, chamada The Funk Brothers."@pt . "La Motown Records, nota anche semplicemente come Motown, \u00E8 un\u2019etichetta discografica statunitense appartenente alla Universal Music Group.Fondata nel 1959 dall\u2019imprenditore Berry Gordy (Detroit, 28 novembre 1959), la Motown Records costituiva il principale nucleo della Motown Record Corporation, la casa discografica lanciata dallo stesso Gordy nell\u2019aprile del 1960. La Motown \u00E8 nota per l\u2019immediato successo che ottenne negli anni \u201960 e per il ruolo che ebbe nella diffusione del genere R&B e nell\u2019integrazione razziale nella musica pop. Specializzata nel crossover di generi musicali, la Motown fu pioniera di un sound riconoscibile e noto con lo slogan di \"Motown Sound\". Tra gli artisti pi\u00F9 noti rappresentati dalla Motown Record Corporation ci sono The Miracles, The Temptations, The Supremes, Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross, The Commodores e The Jackson 5."@it . . . . . . "1958-06-07"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown"@el . "Motown Records (\u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0420\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0437, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0422\u0430\u043C\u043B\u0430 \u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E \u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u044F\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 Universal Music Group. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u043C \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B\u043E\u043C \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0430\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043C, Motown-Tamla \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043C\u0435\u0439\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043F-\u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438. \u0412 1960-\u0435 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u044B \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044C \u0431\u044B\u043B\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043E \u043E\u0441\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043C-\u044D\u043D\u0434-\u0431\u043B\u044E\u0437\u0430 \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043A \u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u043E\u0435 \u00AB\u043C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB (Motown Sound). \u041D\u0430 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440\u044C\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0435 \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044F \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u044B \u0430\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043B\u0435\u0442 \u2014 \u0421\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0423\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0435\u0440, \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043D \u0413\u044D\u0439, \u0414\u0430\u0439\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0441, \u0421\u043C\u043E\u043A\u0438 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043D\u0441\u043E\u043D, \u041B\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0435\u043B \u0420\u0438\u0447\u0438 \u0438 \u041C\u0430\u0439\u043A\u043B \u0414\u0436\u0435\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D, \u043A\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0442 Boyz II Men."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0397 Motown \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BA\u03BF\u03B3\u03C1\u03B1\u03C6\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1. \u0399\u03B4\u03C1\u03CD\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD (Berry Gordy, Jr.) \u03C9\u03C2 Tamla Records \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 12 \u0399\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1959 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03AE\u03C1\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BC\u03BF\u03C1\u03C6\u03AE \u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03C9\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C9\u03C2 Motown Record Corporation \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 14 \u0391\u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BB\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1960, \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7 \u039D\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03B9\u03C4 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03C4\u03B5\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u039C\u03AF\u03C3\u03B9\u03B3\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD. \u03A4\u03BF \u03CC\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2, \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B4\u03C5\u03B1\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BB\u03AD\u03BE\u03B5\u03C9\u03BD Motor \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 Town, \u03AD\u03B3\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039D\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03C1\u03CC\u03B9\u03C4. \u0393\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03B5\u03C4\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2, \u03B7 Motown \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B7 \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03BA\u03B5\u03C1\u03B4\u03BF\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C6\u03C1\u03BF-\u03B1\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C7\u03B5\u03AF\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u0397.\u03A0.\u0391."@el . . . "\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4(Motown)\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uC74C\uBC18 \uD68C\uC0AC\uB85C, \uBCA0\uB9AC \uACE0\uB514\uAC00 \uD0C0\uBBC8\uB77C \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC\uB85C 1959\uB144 1\uC6D4 12\uC77C \uCC3D\uAC74, \uC774\uD6C4 1960\uB144 4\uC6D4 14\uC77C \uBBF8\uC2DC\uAC04\uC8FC \uB514\uD2B8\uB85C\uC774\uD2B8\uC5D0\uC11C \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC \uCF54\uD37C\uB808\uC774\uC158 \uBA85\uCE6D\uC758 \uC8FC\uC2DD\uD68C\uC0AC\uAC00 \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uBA85\uC740 \uBAA8\uD130(motor) \uD0C0\uC6B4(town)\uC758 \uD63C\uD569\uC5B4\uC778\uB370, \uACE7 \uB514\uD2B8\uB85C\uC774\uD2B8\uC758 \uBCC4\uBA85\uC73C\uB85C\uB3C4 \uC790\uB9AC\uC7A1\uB294\uB2E4. \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uACC4 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778 \uC18C\uC720\uC758 \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC \uB808\uC774\uBE14\uB85C\uC11C \uD070 \uD06C\uB85C\uC2A4\uC624\uBC84 \uC131\uACF5\uC744 \uC774\uB8E9\uD588\uAE30\uC5D0 \uB300\uC911\uC74C\uC545\uC5D0\uC11C\uC758 \uC778\uC885 \uD1B5\uD569\uC5D0 \uC9C0\uB300\uD55C \uC5ED\uD560\uC744 \uC218\uD589\uD588\uB2E4. 1960\uB144\uB300 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uACFC \uADF8 \uC790\uD68C\uC0AC(\uBBF8\uAD6D \uAD6D\uC678\uC5D0\uC11C \uD65C\uB3D9\uD55C \uBE0C\uB79C\uB4DC \uD0C0\uBBC8\uB77C \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uD3EC\uD568)\uB294 \uB69C\uB837\uD55C \uD31D \uC601\uD5A5\uC744 \uBC1B\uC740 \uC194 \uC74C\uC545\uC758 \uD55C \uAC08\uB798\uC778 \uC774\uB978\uBC14 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uC0AC\uC6B4\uB4DC(Motown Sound)\uC758 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uC131\uACF5\uD55C \uCC3D\uC2DC\uC790\uC600\uB2E4. 1960\uB144\uB300 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC18C\uADDC\uBAA8 \uC74C\uBC18 \uD68C\uC0AC\uB97C \uAC70\uB290\uB9AC\uBA70 \uB9C9\uB300\uD55C \uC131\uACF5\uC744 \uAC70\uB450\uC5C8\uACE0, 1960\uB144\uACFC 1969\uB144 \uC0AC\uC774 \uBE4C\uBCF4\uB4DC \uD56B 100\uC5D0\uC11C \uD1B1 10 \uB808\uCF54\uB4DC\uB97C 79\uC7A5 \uB9CC\uB4E4\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC0AC\uAC74 \uBC0F \uAC19\uC740 \uD574 \uD575\uC2EC \uC791\uACE1/\uC81C\uC791 \uD300 \uC758 \uC784\uAE08 \uBD84\uC7C1\uC73C\uB85C \uC778\uD55C \uC0AC\uC9C1\uC73C\uB85C \uACE0\uB514\uB294 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC744 \uB85C\uC2A4\uC564\uC824\uB808\uC2A4\uB85C \uC774\uC804\uD588\uB2E4. \uC774\uC804\uC740 1972\uB144 \uC644\uB8CC\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uD154\uB808\uBE44\uC804 \uBC0F \uC601\uD654 \uC81C\uC791\uC5D0\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uC190\uC744 \uBED7\uD788\uBA70 1988\uB144 6\uC6D4 28\uC77C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uB3C5\uB9BD \uD68C\uC0AC\uB85C\uC11C \uC5F0\uBA85\uD588\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB2E4 MCA \uC8FC\uC2DD\uD68C\uC0AC\uC5D0 \uB9E4\uAC01\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uADF8 \uB4A4 1994\uB144 \uD3F4\uB9AC\uADF8\uB7A8\uC5D0 \uB9E4\uAC01\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, 1999\uB144 \uC720\uB2C8\uBC84\uC15C \uBBA4\uC9C1 \uADF8\uB8F9\uC774 \uD3F4\uB9AC\uADF8\uB7A8\uC744 \uC778\uC218\uD560 \uB54C \uD568\uAED8 \uC778\uC218\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 2000\uB144\uB300\uC758 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC744 \uC720\uB2C8\uBC84\uC15C \uBBA4\uC9C1\uC758 \uC790\uD68C\uC0AC\uC778 \uC720\uB2C8\uBC84\uC15C \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4 \uBC0F \uC73C\uB85C \uC9C0\uB0C8\uC73C\uBA70 \uB274\uC695 \uC2DC\uC5D0 \uBCF8\uBD80\uB97C \uB450\uC5C8\uB2E4. 2011\uB144\uC5D0\uC11C 2014\uB144\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC720\uB2C8\uBC84\uC124 \uBBA4\uC9C1\uC758 \uD30C\uC0DD\uD68C\uC0AC \uC758 \uC77C\uBD80\uC600\uB2E4. 2014\uB144 4\uC6D4 1\uC77C \uC720\uB2C8\uBC84\uC15C \uBBA4\uC9C1 \uADF8\uB8F9\uC740 \uC544\uC77C\uB79C\uB4DC \uB370\uD504 \uC7BC\uC758 \uD574\uC0B0\uC744 \uBC1C\uD45C, \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC774\uD6C4 \uB85C\uC2A4\uC564\uC824\uB808\uC2A4\uB85C \uC774\uC804\uD558\uC5EC \uC0B0\uD558\uB85C\uC11C \uAC00\uB3D9\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uBAA8\uD0C0\uC6B4\uC740 \uC218\uC2ED\uB144\uAC04 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uB0B4 \uC544\uD504\uB9AC\uCE74\uACC4 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778 \uC5C5\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB9CE\uC740 \uC18C\uB4DD\uC744 \uAE30\uB85D\uD55C \uD68C\uC0AC\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . "Motown, baita Tamla-Motown ere, estatubatuar diskoetxea da, ekoizten duena. Detroiten sortua (Detroitek \u00ABMotor City\u00BB, motorraren hiria, izengoitia du eta hortik datorkio bere izena Mot\u2013, motorraren erroa, eta \u2013town, hiria esan nahi duena), estatubatuar musika popularretan ikaragarrizko eragina izan du eta baita mundu osokoan ere. sortu zuen 1959ko urtarrilaren 12an Tamla Records izenpean. 1960ko hamarkadan bere urrezko aroa bizi zuen eta \u00ABMotown Sound\u00BB izeneko bere soinua garatu zuen. Egun hainbat marka ditu, estiloaren arabera:"@eu . . . . . "Motown Records"@cs . . "Motown"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Motown Records, tamb\u00E9 coneguda com a Tamla-Motown, \u00E9s una discogr\u00E0fica estatunidenca dedicada especialment a la m\u00FAsica negra (sobretot soul, funk i R&B). La seva fundaci\u00F3 fou a Detroit i des de llavors ha jugat un paper fonamental en la difusi\u00F3 de la m\u00FAsica popular nord-americana, arribant la seva influ\u00E8ncia a la majoria dels estils de m\u00FAsica moderna actuals. Fou creada el 12 de gener de 1959 per Berry Gordy, sota el nom de Tamla Records. La discogr\u00E0fica Motown es caracteritzava en els seus or\u00EDgens per cuidar tots els detalls, des dels m\u00FAsics que gravaven fins a la roba dels seus artistes principals, d'aqu\u00ED que es parli d'un so i est\u00E8tica Motown propis."@ca . . . . "A Motown Records, tamb\u00E9m conhecida como Tamla-Motown, \u00E9 uma gravadora americana de discos fundada em 12 de janeiro de 1959 por Berry Gordy Jr. na cidade de Detroit, estado americano de Michigan conhecida como \"Motors Town\", devido \u00E0s montadoras de autom\u00F3veis ali instaladas. O nome da gravadora \u00E9 uma redu\u00E7\u00E3o de \"Motor Town\". Nos anos 60 foi a mais bem sucedida na cria\u00E7\u00E3o daquilo que se tornou conhecido como O Som da Motown, um estilo de \"soul\" bem caracter\u00EDstico, com o uso de instrumentos como pandeiros, baterias e instrumentos do \"rhythm and blues\" al\u00E9m de um estilo de 'canto-e-resposta' (com a repeti\u00E7\u00E3o, por parte do coral, de frases inteiras ou palavras de alguns versos) origin\u00E1rio da m\u00FAsica gospel. O \"som da Motown\" tamb\u00E9m \u00E9 marcado pelo uso de orquestra\u00E7\u00E3o e instrumentos de sopro, por "@pt . "Motown"@de . . . . . . . . . "Motown"@nl . . . . . . . . . . "Motown"@in . . . . . . . . "Motown Records, tambi\u00E9n conocida como Tamla-Motown, es una discogr\u00E1fica estadounidense especialmente dedicada a la m\u00FAsica afroamericana. Originalmente se fund\u00F3 en Detroit (conocida como \u00ABMotor City\u00BB, la ciudad del motor, de ah\u00ED Mot\u2013, ra\u00EDz de motor, y \u2013town, que significa pueblo/ciudad), y desde entonces ha jugado un papel fundamental en la difusi\u00F3n de la m\u00FAsica popular estadounidense, teniendo repercusi\u00F3n en la mayor\u00EDa de los estilos actuales. Fue creada el 12 de enero de 1959 por Berry Gordy, bajo el nombre de Tamla Records, momento a partir del cual su difusi\u00F3n fue tal que abarc\u00F3 a 45 sellos musicales distintos. La d\u00E9cada de los sesenta supuso el c\u00E9nit de la discogr\u00E1fica, llegando a conseguir su propio sonido \u00ABMotown Sound\u00BB, que la distinguir\u00EDa del resto y la har\u00EDa por tanto \u00FAnica.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . "Motown Records, tambi\u00E9n conocida como Tamla-Motown, es una discogr\u00E1fica estadounidense especialmente dedicada a la m\u00FAsica afroamericana. Originalmente se fund\u00F3 en Detroit (conocida como \u00ABMotor City\u00BB, la ciudad del motor, de ah\u00ED Mot\u2013, ra\u00EDz de motor, y \u2013town, que significa pueblo/ciudad), y desde entonces ha jugado un papel fundamental en la difusi\u00F3n de la m\u00FAsica popular estadounidense, teniendo repercusi\u00F3n en la mayor\u00EDa de los estilos actuales. Fue creada el 12 de enero de 1959 por Berry Gordy, bajo el nombre de Tamla Records, momento a partir del cual su difusi\u00F3n fue tal que abarc\u00F3 a 45 sellos musicales distintos. La d\u00E9cada de los sesenta supuso el c\u00E9nit de la discogr\u00E1fica, llegando a conseguir su propio sonido \u00ABMotown Sound\u00BB, que la distinguir\u00EDa del resto y la har\u00EDa por tanto \u00FAnica.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AMotown Records\uFF09\u662F\u7F8E\u56FD\u73AF\u7403\u97F3\u4E50\u96C6\u56E2\u6240\u62E5\u6709\u7684\u4E00\u5BB6\u5531\u7247\u516C\u53F8\u3002\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247\u7684\u524D\u8EAB\u662F\u5854\u59C6\u62C9\u5531\u7247\uFF08Tamla Records\uFF09\uFF0C\u5B83\u4E8E1959\u5E741\u670812\u65E5\u7531\u8C9D\u745E\u00B7\u9AD8\u8FEA\u521B\u7ACB\uFF1B1960\u5E744\u670814\u65E5\uFF0C\u516C\u53F8\u6539\u7EC4\u4E3A\u6469\u57CE\u5531\u7247\u3002"@zh . . . . "Motown Records"@pt . . . . . "\u00ABMotown Records\u00BB (\u0437 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. \u00AB\u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0420\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0437\u00BB) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u044F \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0443, \u0443 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0434\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0443 Universal Music Group. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 1959 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u044F\u043A Tamla Records \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u044E\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C , 1960-\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430 Motown Records, \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u043B\u0456\u0432 motor + town (\u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E, \u00AB\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043C\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u00BB, \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0442\u0443). \u0422\u0435\u043F\u0435\u0440 \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044E\u0454 \u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u043A Swizz Beatz, M\u00FDa \u0456 . \u041A\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0448\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043E\u0444\u0456\u0441 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0432 \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0442\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0454 \u044F\u043A \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0456 \u043D\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0456 \u0490\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0456."@uk . . . "167396"^^ . . . . "Motown Records atau dikenal sebagai Motown, adalah label rekaman Amerika Serikat yang dimiliki oleh Universal Music Group. Awalnya didirikan oleh Berry Gordy Jr sebagai Tamla Records pada 12 Januari 1959, dan didirikan sebagai Motown Record Corporation pada 14 April 1960. Namanya, menjadi portmanteau yang berasal dari kata motor dan kota, yang identik dengan industri otomotif yang menjadi sektor ekonomi, dan menjadi nama panggilan Detroit, yang juga menjadi tempat markas pertama label tersebut"@in . . . . . . . . . . "Motown"@eu . . . . . . . . "\u00ABMotown Records\u00BB (\u0437 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. \u00AB\u041C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0420\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0437\u00BB) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u044F \u0437\u0432\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0443, \u0443 \u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0434\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0443 Universal Music Group. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 1959 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u044F\u043A Tamla Records \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u044E\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C , 1960-\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430 Motown Records, \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u043B\u0456\u0432 motor + town (\u0431\u0443\u043A\u0432\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E, \u00AB\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043C\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u00BB, \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0442\u0443). \u0411\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043C \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B\u043E\u043C, \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0430\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043C, Motown-Tamla \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0447\u043E\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0448\u043A\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443 \u043F\u043E\u043F-\u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0443. \u0412 1960-\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u043C-\u0435\u043D\u0434-\u0431\u043B\u044E\u0437\u0430 \u2014 \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043D\u0443 (Motown Sound). \u041D\u0430 \u0446\u044C\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B\u0456 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043A\u0430\u0440'\u0454\u0440\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438 \u044F\u043A \u0421\u0442\u0456\u0432\u0456 \u0412\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0435\u0440, \u041C\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0456\u043D \u0413\u0435\u0439, \u0414\u0430\u0439\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0441\u0441, \u0421\u043C\u043E\u043A\u0456 \u0420\u043E\u0431\u0456\u043D\u0441\u043E\u043D, \u041B\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0435\u043B \u0420\u0456\u0447\u0456 \u0456 \u041C\u0430\u0439\u043A\u043B \u0414\u0436\u0435\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D. \u0422\u0435\u043F\u0435\u0440 \u043B\u0435\u0439\u0431\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044E\u0454 \u0437 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u043A Swizz Beatz, M\u00FDa \u0456 . \u041A\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0448\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u043E\u0444\u0456\u0441 \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0432 \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0439\u0442\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0454 \u044F\u043A \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0456 \u043D\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0440\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0456 \u0490\u043E\u0440\u0434\u0456."@uk . . . . . . "\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30A6\u30F3\uFF08Motown\uFF1BMotown Records\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u30DF\u30B7\u30AC\u30F3\u5DDE\u30C7\u30C8\u30ED\u30A4\u30C8\u767A\u7965\u306E\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u30EC\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u30021959\u5E741\u670812\u65E5\u3001\u30D9\u30EA\u30FC\u30FB\u30B4\u30FC\u30C7\u30A3\u30FB\u30B8\u30E5\u30CB\u30A2\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30BF\u30E0\u30E9\u30FB\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8A2D\u7ACB\u3057\u30011960\u5E744\u670814\u65E5\u3001\u30E2\u30FC\u30BF\u30A6\u30F3\u30FB\u30EC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u30FB\u30B3\u30FC\u30DD\u30EC\u30FC\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3068\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002 \u30EC\u30FC\u30D9\u30EB\u540D\u306F\u81EA\u52D5\u8ECA\u7523\u696D\u3067\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u308B\u30C7\u30C8\u30ED\u30A4\u30C8\u306E\u901A\u79F0\u300CMotor town\u300D\u306E\u7565\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "62677"^^ . .