"Begirada maskulino"@eu . . . . "\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6"@zh . . . . . . . . "Den manliga blicken (engelska: the Male Gaze) \u00E4r ett begrepp myntat 1975 i ess\u00E4n \"Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema\" av den brittiska filmteoretikern Laura Mulvey, fr\u00E4mst verksam inom . Begreppet syftar p\u00E5 det s\u00E4tt skapandet av visuell konst struktureras kring manliga betraktare. Det beskriver tendensen att i visuell kultur visa v\u00E4rlden och kvinnor utifr\u00E5n ett maskulint syns\u00E4tt, p\u00E5 m\u00E4ns villkor och med manliga attityder. Det handlar ofta om en sexuell objektifiering av kvinnan."@sv . . . . . . "arabera, begirada maskulinoa (ingelesez: male gaze) arte bisualetan eta literaturan mundua eta emakumea ikuspegi maskulino heterosexual batetik irudikatzea da, emakumeak gizonezkoen bailiran. Begirada maskulinoak hiru ikuspuntu ditu: (i) kamera atzeko pertsonarena, (ii) lanaren pertsonaiena, eta (iii) ikus-entzulearena. 'Begirada maskulinoa' esapidea 1975ean proposatu zuen Laura Mulvey film kritikari feministak; bere kontrako idea da. izeneko filiarekin lotura estua du, non emakumeek behatuaren rol pasiboa jokatzen duten."@eu . . . . "Der male gaze (m\u00E4nnlicher Blick) gilt in der feministischen Filmtheorie als die Handlungsweise des Regisseurs oder Drehbuchautors, mit der Frauen und die Welt in der visuellen Kunst und Literatur von einer m\u00E4nnlichen, heterosexuellen Perspektive aus dargestellt werden. Um den Bed\u00FCrfnissen des m\u00E4nnlichen Betrachters zu entsprechen, werden Frauen dabei als sexuelle Objekte pr\u00E4sentiert und repr\u00E4sentiert. Der male gaze umfasst in den visuellen und \u00E4sthetischen Pr\u00E4sentationen des erz\u00E4hlenden Kinos drei Perspektiven: erstens die der Kamera auf das Geschehen, zweitens die der m\u00E4nnlichen Charaktere in der filmischen Repr\u00E4sentation unddrittens die des Publikums."@de . "Mu\u017Esk\u00FD pohled je ve feministick\u00E9 teorii zp\u016Fsob zobrazov\u00E1n\u00ED \u017Een a sv\u011Bta, ve v\u00FDtvarn\u00E9m um\u011Bn\u00ED a v literatu\u0159e z maskulinn\u00ED, heterosexu\u00E1ln\u00ED perspektivy, kter\u00E1 \u017Eeny vyobrazuje jako sexu\u00E1ln\u00ED objekty pro pot\u011B\u0161en\u00ED heterosexu\u00E1ln\u00EDho mu\u017Esk\u00E9ho div\u00E1ka. Pohled byl koncept vyvinut\u00FD ve francouzsk\u00E9 filozofii 20. stolet\u00ED a term\u00EDn \u201Emu\u017Esk\u00FD pohled\u201C poprv\u00E9 pou\u017Eil anglick\u00FD um\u011Bleck\u00FD kritik John Berger ve s\u00E9rii film\u016F pro BBC pod n\u00E1zvem \"Ways of Seeing\" odvys\u00EDlan\u00FDch v lednu 1972. Koncept d\u00E1le pou\u017Eil pozd\u011Bji ve sv\u00E9 knize, kter\u00E1 analyzovala zach\u00E1zen\u00ED se \u017Eenami jako objekty v reklam\u00E1ch a v evropsk\u00E9m mal\u00ED\u0159stv\u00ED. Koncept se brzy stal popul\u00E1rn\u00ED mezi feministkami, kdy nap\u0159\u00EDklad britsk\u00E1 filmov\u00E1 kriti\u010Dka Laura Mulveyov\u00E1 pou\u017Eila koncept ke kritice tradi\u010Dn\u00EDho medi\u00E1ln\u00EDho vyobrazen\u00ED \u017Eensk\u00E9 postavy v kinematografii a ukotvila tuto fr\u00E1zi. Psychoanalytick\u00E1 teorie Sigmunda Freuda a Jacquese Lacana jsou z\u00E1kladem v\u00FDvoje Mulveyov\u00E9 teorie mu\u017Esk\u00E9ho pohledu, proto\u017Ee poskytuj\u00ED perspektivu, jej\u00EDm\u017E prost\u0159ednictv\u00EDm byla Mulvey schopna interpretovat \u201Eprvotn\u00ED p\u0159\u00E1n\u00ED po p\u0159\u00EDjemn\u00E9m pohledu\u201C uspokojen\u00E9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00EDm filmu. Jako zp\u016Fsob, jak vid\u011Bt \u017Eeny a sv\u011Bt, zahrnuj\u00ED psychoanalytick\u00E9 teorie mu\u017Esk\u00E9ho pohledu freudovsk\u00E9 a lacanovsk\u00E9 koncepty, jako je scopophilia, tj. pot\u011B\u0161en\u00ED z pohledu. Term\u00EDny skopofilie a skoptofilie popisuj\u00ED jak estetick\u00E9 pot\u011B\u0161en\u00ED, tak sexu\u00E1ln\u00ED pot\u011B\u0161en\u00ED odvozen\u00E9 z pohledu na n\u011Bkoho nebo n\u011Bco."@cs . "Regard masculin"@fr . . "Le regard masculin, \u00E9galement appel\u00E9 vision masculine ou male gaze, est un concept d\u00E9signant le fait que la culture visuelle dominante (photographie, cin\u00E9ma, publicit\u00E9, jeu vid\u00E9o, bande dessin\u00E9e, etc.) imposerait une perspective d'homme h\u00E9t\u00E9rosexuel. Ce concept, qui a \u00E9t\u00E9 propos\u00E9 par la r\u00E9alisatrice et critique de cin\u00E9ma Laura Mulvey dans son essai Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema (Plaisir visuel et cin\u00E9ma narratif) publi\u00E9 en 1975, a une forte influence sur la th\u00E9orie f\u00E9ministe du cin\u00E9ma et sur les \u00E9tudes des m\u00E9dias."@fr . "\u0427\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434"@uk . . . . . . . . "\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629"@ar . . 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"Male gaze"@en . . "In feminist theory, the male gaze is the act of depicting women and the world in the visual arts and in literature from a masculine, heterosexual perspective that presents and represents women as sexual objects for the pleasure of the heterosexual male viewer. In the visual and aesthetic presentations of narrative cinema, the male gaze has three perspectives: (i) that of the man behind the camera, (ii) that of the male characters within the film's cinematic representations; and (iii) that of the spectator gazing at the image. The gaze was a concept developed in 20th-century French philosophy. The term \"male gaze\" was first used by the English art critic John Berger in Ways of Seeing, a series of films for the BBC aired in January 1972, and later a book, as part of his analysis of the treatment of women as objects in advertising and nudes in European painting. It soon became popular among feminists, including the British film critic Laura Mulvey, who used it to critique traditional media representations of the female character in cinema and coined the phrase. The psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan are foundational in Mulvey's development of a male gaze theory, as they provide a lens through which Mulvey was able to interpret the \"primordial wish for pleasurable looking\" satisfied through the cinematic experience. As a way of seeing women and the world, psychoanalytic theorizations of the male gaze involve Freudian and Lacanian concepts such as scopophilia or the pleasure of looking. The terms scopophilia and scoptophilia identify both the aesthetic joy and the sexual pleasures derived from looking at someone or something. The male gaze is conceptually contrasted with the female gaze."@en . . . . . . "Pada , tatapan pria adalah tindakan menggambarkan wanita dan dunia, dalam seni rupa dan literatur, dari perspektif maskulin dan heteroseksual yang menggambarkan wanita sebagai objek seksual untuk menyenangkan pemirsa pria. Dalam pembuatan film, ada tiga perspektif tatapan pria, yakni dari sisi pengambilan gambar, dari sisi aktor pria dalam film, dan dari sisi penonton pria."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0423 \u0444\u0435\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0447\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Male gaze) \u2015 \u0446\u0435 \u0430\u043A\u0442 \u0437\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0436\u0456\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443 \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0447\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043B\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0456 \u0437 \u0447\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0447\u043E\u0457, \u0433\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u043E\u0440\u0443, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0454 \u0436\u0456\u043D\u043E\u043A \u044F\u043A \u0441\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456 \u043E\u0431'\u0454\u043A\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0433\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u043A\u0456\u0432. \u0423 \u0432\u0456\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F\u0445 \u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0456\u043D\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u0447\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u043E\u0440\u0443: (i) \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u0447\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u043E\u044E, (ii) \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u0447\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0436\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u043A\u0456\u043D\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043C\u0443; \u0442\u0430 (iii) \u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430, \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u0427\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0436\u0456\u043D\u043E\u0447\u043E\u043C\u0443 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Female gaze)."@uk . . . "Secondo la , lo sguardo maschile (in lingua inglese male gaze) \u00E8 l'atto di raffigurare l'universo femminile, nelle arti visive e nella letteratura, da una prospettiva maschile, eterosessuale, che porta ad una delle donne come oggetti sessuali atti a soddisfare lo spettatore maschio. Nelle arti, lo sguardo maschile pu\u00F2 avere tre prospettive: 1) quella dell'uomo dietro la macchina da presa, 2) quella dei personaggi maschili all'interno delle rappresentazioni cinematografiche; 3) quello dello spettatore che guarda la rappresentazione."@it . . . . . . "1124853548"^^ . . "Den manliga blicken (engelska: the Male Gaze) \u00E4r ett begrepp myntat 1975 i ess\u00E4n \"Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema\" av den brittiska filmteoretikern Laura Mulvey, fr\u00E4mst verksam inom . Begreppet syftar p\u00E5 det s\u00E4tt skapandet av visuell konst struktureras kring manliga betraktare. Det beskriver tendensen att i visuell kultur visa v\u00E4rlden och kvinnor utifr\u00E5n ett maskulint syns\u00E4tt, p\u00E5 m\u00E4ns villkor och med manliga attityder. Det handlar ofta om en sexuell objektifiering av kvinnan."@sv . "\u300C\u7537\u6027\u306E\u307E\u306A\u3056\u3057\u300D\uFF08\u3060\u3093\u305B\u3044\u306E\u307E\u306A\u3056\u3057\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: male gaze\uFF09\u306F\u6620\u753B\u3084\u5199\u771F\u306A\u3069\u8996\u899A\u82B8\u8853\u306E\u5206\u6790\u30FB\u6279\u8A55\u306B\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u6982\u5FF5\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3001\u6620\u753B\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u5973\u6027\u304C\u7537\u6027\u306E\u6B32\u671B\u5BFE\u8C61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63CF\u304B\u308C\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305F\u3001\u8996\u899A\u30E1\u30C7\u30A3\u30A2\u304C\u306F\u3089\u3080\u6A29\u529B\u69CB\u9020\u306B\u6CE8\u76EE\u3057\u305F\u8868\u73FE\u3002 1970\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u30D5\u30A7\u30DF\u30CB\u30BA\u30E0\u601D\u60F3\u306E\u8208\u9686\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306B\u69CB\u60F3\u3055\u308C\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u3067\u306F\u82F1\u8A9E\u570F\u3092\u4E2D\u5FC3\u306B\u3001\u6620\u753B\u7406\u8AD6\u3084\u30B8\u30A7\u30F3\u30C0\u30FC\u7814\u7A76\u3001\u30DD\u30B9\u30C8\u30B3\u30ED\u30CB\u30A2\u30EB\u7406\u8AD6\u306A\u3069\u5E83\u3044\u7BC4\u56F2\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u57FA\u672C\u6982\u5FF5\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Male gaze"@nl . "Olhar masculino"@pt . . . . . . . . . . "arabera, begirada maskulinoa (ingelesez: male gaze) arte bisualetan eta literaturan mundua eta emakumea ikuspegi maskulino heterosexual batetik irudikatzea da, emakumeak gizonezkoen bailiran. Begirada maskulinoak hiru ikuspuntu ditu: (i) kamera atzeko pertsonarena, (ii) lanaren pertsonaiena, eta (iii) ikus-entzulearena. 'Begirada maskulinoa' esapidea 1975ean proposatu zuen Laura Mulvey film kritikari feministak; bere kontrako idea da. izeneko filiarekin lotura estua du, non emakumeek behatuaren rol pasiboa jokatzen duten."@eu . . . . . "Der male gaze (m\u00E4nnlicher Blick) gilt in der feministischen Filmtheorie als die Handlungsweise des Regisseurs oder Drehbuchautors, mit der Frauen und die Welt in der visuellen Kunst und Literatur von einer m\u00E4nnlichen, heterosexuellen Perspektive aus dargestellt werden. Um den Bed\u00FCrfnissen des m\u00E4nnlichen Betrachters zu entsprechen, werden Frauen dabei als sexuelle Objekte pr\u00E4sentiert und repr\u00E4sentiert. Der male gaze umfasst in den visuellen und \u00E4sthetischen Pr\u00E4sentationen des erz\u00E4hlenden Kinos drei Perspektiven: erstens die der Kamera auf das Geschehen, zweitens die der m\u00E4nnlichen Charaktere in der filmischen Repr\u00E4sentation unddrittens die des Publikums. Die Filmkritikerin Laura Mulvey hat den Begriff des male gaze gepr\u00E4gt, der sein konzeptionelles Gegenst\u00FCck im female gaze findet. Als eine Art Frauen und die Welt zu betrachten, gleicht die Psychologie des male gaze der Psychologie der Skopophilie, der Lust am Schauen (\u201Epleasure of looking\u201C)."@de . . . . "Den manliga blicken"@sv . "Secondo la , lo sguardo maschile (in lingua inglese male gaze) \u00E8 l'atto di raffigurare l'universo femminile, nelle arti visive e nella letteratura, da una prospettiva maschile, eterosessuale, che porta ad una delle donne come oggetti sessuali atti a soddisfare lo spettatore maschio. Nelle arti, lo sguardo maschile pu\u00F2 avere tre prospettive: 1) quella dell'uomo dietro la macchina da presa, 2) quella dei personaggi maschili all'interno delle rappresentazioni cinematografiche; 3) quello dello spettatore che guarda la rappresentazione. La critica cinematografica Laura Mulvey coni\u00F2 il termine male gaze, in contrasto con \"\". Come modo di vedere le donne e il mondo, la psicologia dello sguardo maschile \u00E8 paragonabile alla psicologia di scopofilia, il piacere di guardare; quindi, i termini scopofilia e scoptophilia identificano sia i piaceri estetici che i piaceri sessuali derivati dal guardare qualcuno o qualcosa."@it . . "Le regard masculin, \u00E9galement appel\u00E9 vision masculine ou male gaze, est un concept d\u00E9signant le fait que la culture visuelle dominante (photographie, cin\u00E9ma, publicit\u00E9, jeu vid\u00E9o, bande dessin\u00E9e, etc.) imposerait une perspective d'homme h\u00E9t\u00E9rosexuel. Ce concept, qui a \u00E9t\u00E9 propos\u00E9 par la r\u00E9alisatrice et critique de cin\u00E9ma Laura Mulvey dans son essai Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema (Plaisir visuel et cin\u00E9ma narratif) publi\u00E9 en 1975, a une forte influence sur la th\u00E9orie f\u00E9ministe du cin\u00E9ma et sur les \u00E9tudes des m\u00E9dias. On parle de male gaze lorsque la cam\u00E9ra s'attarde, par exemple, sur les formes d'un corps f\u00E9minin. Ce concept est consid\u00E9r\u00E9 comme le signe d'un pouvoir asym\u00E9trique."@fr . "\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\uFF0C\u4E5F\u79F0\u4E3A\u7537\u6027\u89C6\u89D2\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AMale gaze\uFF09\uFF0C\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4E3B\u4E49\u7406\u8BBA\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u6307\u5728\u89C6\u89C9\u827A\u672F\u548C\u5728\u6587\u5B66\u521B\u4F5C\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4ECE\u7537\u5F02\u6027\u604B\u8005\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\u63CF\u7ED8\u5973\u6027\u548C\u73B0\u5B9E\uFF0C\u5C06\u5973\u6027\u6027\u5BA2\u4F53\u5316\u4EE5\u53D6\u60A6\u5F02\u6027\u604B\u7537\u6027\u89C2\u4F17\u7684\u884C\u4E3A\uFF0C\u5373\u4EE5\u7537\u6027\u7684\u3001\u7570\u6027\u6200\u7684\u89C0\u9EDE\uFF0C\u628A\u5973\u6027\u8996\u70BA\u6027\u5C0D\u8C61\u4F86\u8868\u73FE\u6216\u518D\u73FE\uFF0C\u6EFF\u8DB3\u7570\u6027\u6200\u7537\u6027\u89C0\u770B\u8005\u7684\u6109\u6085\u3002 \u5728\u53D9\u4E8B\u7535\u5F71\u7684\u89C6\u89C9\u548C\u7F8E\u5B66\u8868\u73B0\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u62E5\u6709\u4E09\u4E2A\u89C6\u89D2\uFF1A 1. \n* \u93E1\u982D\u540E\u7684\u7537\u6027\u89C6\u89D2\uFF1B 2. \n* \u7535\u5F71\u4E2D\u7537\u6027\u89D2\u8272\u7684\u89C6\u89D2\uFF1B 3. \n* \u51DD\u89C6\u56FE\u50CF\u7684\u7537\u6027\u89C2\u4F17\u7684\u89C6\u89D2\u3002 \u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u9996\u5148\u7531\u82F1\u56FD\u827A\u672F\u8BC4\u8BBA\u5BB6\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u4F2F\u683C\u57281972\u5E741\u6708BBC\u64AD\u51FA\u7684\u4E00\u7CFB\u5217\u7535\u5F71\u300A\u89C2\u770B\u4E4B\u9053\u300B\u4E2D\u63D0\u51FA\uFF0C\u8BE5\u7CFB\u5217\u7535\u5F71\u540E\u6765\u88AB\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4E00\u672C\u827A\u672F\u6279\u5224\u6563\u6587\u96C6\uFF0C\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4F2F\u683C\u5206\u6790\u6B27\u6D32\u7ED8\u753B\u4E2D\u5BF9\u88F8\u4F53\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u3002\u8FD9\u4E00\u6982\u5FF5\u5F88\u5FEB\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005\u95F4\u6D41\u884C\u8D77\u6765\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u5305\u62EC\u82F1\u56FD\u7535\u5F71\u8BC4\u8BBA\u5BB6\u3002\u5979\u7528\u201C\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u201D\u6765\u6279\u8BC4\u4F20\u7EDF\u5A92\u4F53\u5BF9\u7535\u5F71\u4E2D\u5973\u6027\u89D2\u8272\u7684\u5448\u73B0\u3002 \u897F\u683C\u8499\u5FB7\u00B7\u5F17\u6D1B\u4F0A\u5FB7\u548C\u96C5\u514B\u00B7\u62C9\u5EB7\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u5206\u6790\u7406\u8BBA\u662F\u7A46\u5C14\u7EF4\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u7406\u8BBA\u53D1\u5C55\u7684\u57FA\u7840\uFF0C\u56E0\u4E3A\u5B83\u4EEC\u63D0\u4F9B\u4E86\u4E00\u4E2A\u65B9\u4FBF\u7A46\u5C14\u7EF4\u89E3\u91CA\u7535\u5F71\u6EE1\u8DB3\u4E86\u5BF9\u201C\u89C6\u89C9\u5FEB\u611F\u7684\u539F\u59CB\u613F\u671B\u201D\u7684\u89C6\u89D2 \u3002\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u79CD\u770B\u5F85\u5973\u6027\u548C\u4E16\u754C\u7684\u65B9\u5F0F\uFF0C\u5BF9\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u5206\u6790\u7406\u8BBA\u6D89\u53CA\u5F17\u6D1B\u4F0A\u5FB7\u548C\u62C9\u5EB7\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\u79CD\u79CD\u6982\u5FF5\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u201C\u7AA5\u6DEB\u7656\u201D\u548C\u201C\u89C2\u770B\u7684\u5FEB\u611F\u201D\u3002\u7AA5\u6DEB\u7656\u548C\u7AA5\u6DEB\u7656\u8005\u8FD9\u4E24\u4E2A\u6982\u5FF5\u65E2\u6307\u5BA1\u7F8E\u5FEB\u611F\uFF0C\u53C8\u6307\u4ECE\u51DD\u89C6\u67D0\u4EBA\u6216\u67D0\u7269\u4E2D\u83B7\u5F97\u7684\u6027\u5FEB\u611F \u3002 \u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u4E0E\u5973\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u5728\u6982\u5FF5\u4E0A\u5F62\u6210\u5BF9\u6BD4 \u3002"@zh . "Mu\u017Esk\u00FD pohled"@cs . . . . . . . . "47218"^^ . . . . . . "Tatapan pria"@in . . . . "\u300C\u7537\u6027\u306E\u307E\u306A\u3056\u3057\u300D\uFF08\u3060\u3093\u305B\u3044\u306E\u307E\u306A\u3056\u3057\u3001\u82F1\u8A9E: male gaze\uFF09\u306F\u6620\u753B\u3084\u5199\u771F\u306A\u3069\u8996\u899A\u82B8\u8853\u306E\u5206\u6790\u30FB\u6279\u8A55\u306B\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u6982\u5FF5\u306E\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3001\u6620\u753B\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u5973\u6027\u304C\u7537\u6027\u306E\u6B32\u671B\u5BFE\u8C61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63CF\u304B\u308C\u308B\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305F\u3001\u8996\u899A\u30E1\u30C7\u30A3\u30A2\u304C\u306F\u3089\u3080\u6A29\u529B\u69CB\u9020\u306B\u6CE8\u76EE\u3057\u305F\u8868\u73FE\u3002 1970\u5E74\u4EE3\u306B\u30D5\u30A7\u30DF\u30CB\u30BA\u30E0\u601D\u60F3\u306E\u8208\u9686\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306B\u69CB\u60F3\u3055\u308C\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u3067\u306F\u82F1\u8A9E\u570F\u3092\u4E2D\u5FC3\u306B\u3001\u6620\u753B\u7406\u8AD6\u3084\u30B8\u30A7\u30F3\u30C0\u30FC\u7814\u7A76\u3001\u30DD\u30B9\u30C8\u30B3\u30ED\u30CB\u30A2\u30EB\u7406\u8AD6\u306A\u3069\u5E83\u3044\u7BC4\u56F2\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u57FA\u672C\u6982\u5FF5\u3068\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . "Sguardo maschile"@it . . . "\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\uFF0C\u4E5F\u79F0\u4E3A\u7537\u6027\u89C6\u89D2\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AMale gaze\uFF09\uFF0C\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4E3B\u4E49\u7406\u8BBA\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u6307\u5728\u89C6\u89C9\u827A\u672F\u548C\u5728\u6587\u5B66\u521B\u4F5C\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4ECE\u7537\u5F02\u6027\u604B\u8005\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\u63CF\u7ED8\u5973\u6027\u548C\u73B0\u5B9E\uFF0C\u5C06\u5973\u6027\u6027\u5BA2\u4F53\u5316\u4EE5\u53D6\u60A6\u5F02\u6027\u604B\u7537\u6027\u89C2\u4F17\u7684\u884C\u4E3A\uFF0C\u5373\u4EE5\u7537\u6027\u7684\u3001\u7570\u6027\u6200\u7684\u89C0\u9EDE\uFF0C\u628A\u5973\u6027\u8996\u70BA\u6027\u5C0D\u8C61\u4F86\u8868\u73FE\u6216\u518D\u73FE\uFF0C\u6EFF\u8DB3\u7570\u6027\u6200\u7537\u6027\u89C0\u770B\u8005\u7684\u6109\u6085\u3002 \u5728\u53D9\u4E8B\u7535\u5F71\u7684\u89C6\u89C9\u548C\u7F8E\u5B66\u8868\u73B0\u4E2D\uFF0C\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u62E5\u6709\u4E09\u4E2A\u89C6\u89D2\uFF1A 1. \n* \u93E1\u982D\u540E\u7684\u7537\u6027\u89C6\u89D2\uFF1B 2. \n* \u7535\u5F71\u4E2D\u7537\u6027\u89D2\u8272\u7684\u89C6\u89D2\uFF1B 3. \n* \u51DD\u89C6\u56FE\u50CF\u7684\u7537\u6027\u89C2\u4F17\u7684\u89C6\u89D2\u3002 \u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u9996\u5148\u7531\u82F1\u56FD\u827A\u672F\u8BC4\u8BBA\u5BB6\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u4F2F\u683C\u57281972\u5E741\u6708BBC\u64AD\u51FA\u7684\u4E00\u7CFB\u5217\u7535\u5F71\u300A\u89C2\u770B\u4E4B\u9053\u300B\u4E2D\u63D0\u51FA\uFF0C\u8BE5\u7CFB\u5217\u7535\u5F71\u540E\u6765\u88AB\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4E00\u672C\u827A\u672F\u6279\u5224\u6563\u6587\u96C6\uFF0C\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4F2F\u683C\u5206\u6790\u6B27\u6D32\u7ED8\u753B\u4E2D\u5BF9\u88F8\u4F53\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u3002\u8FD9\u4E00\u6982\u5FF5\u5F88\u5FEB\u5728\u5973\u6027\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005\u95F4\u6D41\u884C\u8D77\u6765\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u5305\u62EC\u82F1\u56FD\u7535\u5F71\u8BC4\u8BBA\u5BB6\u3002\u5979\u7528\u201C\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u201D\u6765\u6279\u8BC4\u4F20\u7EDF\u5A92\u4F53\u5BF9\u7535\u5F71\u4E2D\u5973\u6027\u89D2\u8272\u7684\u5448\u73B0\u3002 \u897F\u683C\u8499\u5FB7\u00B7\u5F17\u6D1B\u4F0A\u5FB7\u548C\u96C5\u514B\u00B7\u62C9\u5EB7\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u5206\u6790\u7406\u8BBA\u662F\u7A46\u5C14\u7EF4\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u7406\u8BBA\u53D1\u5C55\u7684\u57FA\u7840\uFF0C\u56E0\u4E3A\u5B83\u4EEC\u63D0\u4F9B\u4E86\u4E00\u4E2A\u65B9\u4FBF\u7A46\u5C14\u7EF4\u89E3\u91CA\u7535\u5F71\u6EE1\u8DB3\u4E86\u5BF9\u201C\u89C6\u89C9\u5FEB\u611F\u7684\u539F\u59CB\u613F\u671B\u201D\u7684\u89C6\u89D2 \u3002\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u79CD\u770B\u5F85\u5973\u6027\u548C\u4E16\u754C\u7684\u65B9\u5F0F\uFF0C\u5BF9\u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u5206\u6790\u7406\u8BBA\u6D89\u53CA\u5F17\u6D1B\u4F0A\u5FB7\u548C\u62C9\u5EB7\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\u79CD\u79CD\u6982\u5FF5\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u201C\u7AA5\u6DEB\u7656\u201D\u548C\u201C\u89C2\u770B\u7684\u5FEB\u611F\u201D\u3002\u7AA5\u6DEB\u7656\u548C\u7AA5\u6DEB\u7656\u8005\u8FD9\u4E24\u4E2A\u6982\u5FF5\u65E2\u6307\u5BA1\u7F8E\u5FEB\u611F\uFF0C\u53C8\u6307\u4ECE\u51DD\u89C6\u67D0\u4EBA\u6216\u67D0\u7269\u4E2D\u83B7\u5F97\u7684\u6027\u5FEB\u611F \u3002 \u7537\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u4E0E\u5973\u6027\u51DD\u89C6\u5728\u6982\u5FF5\u4E0A\u5F62\u6210\u5BF9\u6BD4 \u3002"@zh . . . . . . 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\u0430\u0431\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0438 \u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0444\u0456\u043B\u0456\u044F \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0444\u0456\u043B\u0456\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u044F\u043A \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456, \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0456 \u0441\u0435\u043A\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0441\u044C \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0449\u043E\u0441\u044C. :815 \u0427\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0436\u0456\u043D\u043E\u0447\u043E\u043C\u0443 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Female gaze)."@uk . "De male gaze (Engels voor 'mannelijke blik') is de manier waarop de beeldende kunsten en literatuur de wereld \u2013 en de vrouwen daarin \u2013 zouden voorstellen en weergeven vanuit een mannelijk oogpunt. De term werd in 1975 bedacht door Laura Mulvey, een Brits feministisch filmcriticus. Volgens Mulvey heeft de ongelijke macht van mannen en vrouwen een aanzienlijke impact op de films die de filmindustrie voortbrengt. Films worden gemaakt om mannelijke kijkers te plezieren en ook niet-mannen worden in dit patroon gedwongen, omdat kijkers nu eenmaal meekijken door de blik van een heteroseksuele man. Sinds Mulveys oorspronkelijke onderzoek, is het concept van de male gaze ook veelvuldig toegepast op andere cultuurproducten."@nl . . . "\u7537\u6027\u306E\u307E\u306A\u3056\u3057"@ja . . . . . . . . "Mu\u017Esk\u00FD pohled je ve feministick\u00E9 teorii zp\u016Fsob zobrazov\u00E1n\u00ED \u017Een a sv\u011Bta, ve v\u00FDtvarn\u00E9m um\u011Bn\u00ED a v literatu\u0159e z maskulinn\u00ED, heterosexu\u00E1ln\u00ED perspektivy, kter\u00E1 \u017Eeny vyobrazuje jako sexu\u00E1ln\u00ED objekty pro pot\u011B\u0161en\u00ED heterosexu\u00E1ln\u00EDho mu\u017Esk\u00E9ho div\u00E1ka."@cs . . . . . . "Pada , tatapan pria adalah tindakan menggambarkan wanita dan dunia, dalam seni rupa dan literatur, dari perspektif maskulin dan heteroseksual yang menggambarkan wanita sebagai objek seksual untuk menyenangkan pemirsa pria. Dalam pembuatan film, ada tiga perspektif tatapan pria, yakni dari sisi pengambilan gambar, dari sisi aktor pria dalam film, dan dari sisi penonton pria. Kritikus film, Laura Mulvey mencetuskan frase tatapan pria yang konsepnya bertentangan dengan . Sebagai cara untuk melihat wanita dan dunia, psikologi dari tatapan pria cukup mirip dengan psikologi dari , yakni kesenangan dalam melihat; sehingga frase skopofilia dan skoptofilia pun digunakan untuk merujuk pada kesenangan, baik secara perasaan maupun secara seksual dalam melihat seseorang atau sesuatu.:815"@in . . . . . . "45697968"^^ . . . . . . . . "Male gaze"@de . . . . . . "Na teoria feminista, o olhar masculino (em ingl\u00EAs: male gaze) \u00E9 o ato de retratar as mulheres no mundo, nas artes visuais e na literatura a partir de uma perspectiva heterossexual masculina, ou seja, que apresenta e representa a figura da mulher como objeto sexual para o prazer do espectador homem. Nas apresenta\u00E7\u00F5es visuais e est\u00E9ticas do cinema narrativo, o olhar masculino tem tr\u00EAs perspectivas: (i) do homem por tr\u00E1s da c\u00E2mera, (ii) dos personagens masculinos nas representa\u00E7\u00F5es cinematogr\u00E1ficas do filme; e (iii) do espectador contemplando a imagem. O olhar masculino foi um conceito desenvolvido na filosofia francesa do s\u00E9culo XX, cuja express\u00E3o foi utilizada pela primeira vez pelo cr\u00EDtico de arte ingl\u00EAs John Berger em Ways of Seeing, uma s\u00E9rie de televis\u00E3o exibido pela emissora brit\u00E2nica BBC em janeiro de 1972 e, mais tarde, adaptado em livro como parte de sua an\u00E1lise no tratamento das mulheres como objetos no setor publicit\u00E1rio e nuas na pintura europeia. Tornou-se popular entre as feministas, incluindo a cr\u00EDtica brit\u00E2nica Laura Mulvey, que a usou para criticar representa\u00E7\u00F5es da imprensa tradicional da personagem feminina no cinema, intitulando o termo. As teorias psicanal\u00EDticas de Sigmund Freud e Jacques Lacan s\u00E3o fundamentais no desenvolvimento de Mulvey pela teoria do olhar masculino, pois fornecem uma lente atrav\u00E9s da qual Mulvey foi capaz de interpretar o \"desejo primordial de uma apar\u00EAncia agrad\u00E1vel\" como uma satisfa\u00E7\u00E3o atrav\u00E9s da experi\u00EAncia cinematogr\u00E1fica. Como forma de ver as mulheres e o mundo, as teoriza\u00E7\u00F5es psicanal\u00EDticas do olhar masculino envolvem conceitos freudianos e lacanianos, como a escopofilia, ou o prazer de olhar. A escopofilia identifica os prazeres est\u00E9ticos e sexuais derivados de olhar para algu\u00E9m ou para algo. O olhar masculino \u00E9, conceitualmente, um contraste do ."@pt . . . "In feminist theory, the male gaze is the act of depicting women and the world in the visual arts and in literature from a masculine, heterosexual perspective that presents and represents women as sexual objects for the pleasure of the heterosexual male viewer. In the visual and aesthetic presentations of narrative cinema, the male gaze has three perspectives: (i) that of the man behind the camera, (ii) that of the male characters within the film's cinematic representations; and (iii) that of the spectator gazing at the image. The male gaze is conceptually contrasted with the female gaze."@en . "Na teoria feminista, o olhar masculino (em ingl\u00EAs: male gaze) \u00E9 o ato de retratar as mulheres no mundo, nas artes visuais e na literatura a partir de uma perspectiva heterossexual masculina, ou seja, que apresenta e representa a figura da mulher como objeto sexual para o prazer do espectador homem. Nas apresenta\u00E7\u00F5es visuais e est\u00E9ticas do cinema narrativo, o olhar masculino tem tr\u00EAs perspectivas: (i) do homem por tr\u00E1s da c\u00E2mera, (ii) dos personagens masculinos nas representa\u00E7\u00F5es cinematogr\u00E1ficas do filme; e (iii) do espectador contemplando a imagem."@pt . "De male gaze (Engels voor 'mannelijke blik') is de manier waarop de beeldende kunsten en literatuur de wereld \u2013 en de vrouwen daarin \u2013 zouden voorstellen en weergeven vanuit een mannelijk oogpunt. De term werd in 1975 bedacht door Laura Mulvey, een Brits feministisch filmcriticus. Volgens Mulvey heeft de ongelijke macht van mannen en vrouwen een aanzienlijke impact op de films die de filmindustrie voortbrengt. Films worden gemaakt om mannelijke kijkers te plezieren en ook niet-mannen worden in dit patroon gedwongen, omdat kijkers nu eenmaal meekijken door de blik van een heteroseksuele man. Sinds Mulveys oorspronkelijke onderzoek, is het concept van de male gaze ook veelvuldig toegepast op andere cultuurproducten."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . .