. . . . . . . . . "22"^^ . . . . "Madhva"@de . . . . . . . . . . . "c.1199"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0432\u0430, \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440'\u044F, \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u044F, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u044F\u043A \u041F\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0491'\u044F, \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u0422\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0430 - \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0457\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444 \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A (\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440'\u044F) \u0440\u0435\u043B\u0456\u0433\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E-\u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0414\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0454 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043A\u0456\u043B \u0412\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0443. \u0423 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u0456\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0432\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0432\u0442\u0456\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0412\u0430\u044E. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0491\u0440\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F, \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0443, \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0411\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0445\u0430-\u0441\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0438 \u00AB\u0420\u0456\u0491\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u00BB, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043D\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0454\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0438 - \u00AB\u0421\u0443\u043C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430-\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0430\u044F\u00BB, \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u041D\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044F\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u0435\u0439."@uk . . . . . . . . "Madhva"@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva ou Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya (1238-1317 ou 1199-1278), \u00E9galement appel\u00E9 Anandatirtha, Anandagiri ou Anandajnana, est un philosophe hindou, fondateur du syst\u00E8me Dvaita qui est une des trois principales \u00E9coles du Ved\u0101nta, \u00E9cole qui reconna\u00EEt la dualit\u00E9. Celle-ci appartient \u00E0 la tradition philosophique astika, qui reconna\u00EEt l'autorit\u00E9 des Vedas. On attribue \u00E0 Madhva la composition de trente-sept ouvrages dont la plupart sont des commentaires sur les textes de bases du Ved\u0101nta, le Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata et le Bh\u0101gavata Pur\u0101\u1E47a."@fr . . . . "1120489176"^^ . . . . . "Madhvacharya (IAST: Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya; Sanskrit pronunciation: [m\u0250d\u02B1\u028Ba\u02D0\u02C8t\u0255a\u02D0\u027Dj\u0250]; CE 1199-1278 or CE 1238\u20131317), sometimes anglicised as Madhva Acharya, and also known as Purna Prajna (IAST: P\u016Br\u1E47a-Praj\u00F1a) and \u0100nanda T\u012Brtha, was an Indian philosopher, theologian and the chief proponent of the Dvaita (dualism) school of Vedanta. Madhva called his philosophy Tattvav\u0101da meaning \"arguments from a realist viewpoint\"."@en . . . "\u064A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627 (Madhvacharya) (1238\u20131317 \u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F\u064A\u064B\u0627) \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062C\u0627 (Purna Prajna) \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062F\u0627 \u062A\u0631\u064A\u062B\u0627 (Ananda Tirth)\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062A\u0631\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633\u064A \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062A\u0627\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062F\u0627 (Tattvav\u0101da) \u0623\u0648 \"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\"\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064C \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062F\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062F\u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627 (Dvaita) (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062B\u0646\u0648\u064A\u0629) \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064A \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F\u0629\u064C \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062B\u0644\u0627\u062B \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A\u062F\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0627 (Ved\u0101nta)\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062D\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062A\u064A (Bhakti movement)\u060C \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062F\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631\u064D \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u062F \u062A\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u064A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u064E\u0642\u062F \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0633\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628 (V\u0101yu) \u0641\u0627\u064A\u0648 (Mukhyapr\u0101\u1E47a)."@ar . . . . . "Madhvacharya edo Madhva Acharya (sanskritoz: \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F, Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya, m\u0250d\u02B1\u028Ba\u02D0\u02C8t\u0255a\u02D0\u027Dj\u0250 ahoskatua; kannadaz: \u0CB6\u0CCD\u0CB0\u0CC0 \u0CAE\u0CA7\u0CCD\u0CB5\u0CBE\u0C9A\u0CBE\u0CB0\u0CCD\u0CAF\u0CB0\u0CC1; c.\u20091238-c.\u20091317) eragin handiko erlijioso hindua izan zen, hegoaldeko Indian vishnuismoa zabaldu zuena. Bere doktrinak tattua v\u0101da (euskaraz: \u00ABegiari buruzko doktrina\u00BB) du izena, Dvaita edo hinduismoaren dualismo izenez ere ezagutzen dena. Doktrina hau Adi Shankararen Advaita Vedanta (\u00ABez dualtasuna\u00BB) doktrinaren aurka dago. Eragin handieneko hiru doktrina vedantistetako bat da. Bere taldekideek (madhva-mata edo \u00ABmadhvaren doktrina\u00BB) madhva izena hartzen dute. Madhva Acharya Indiako bhakti mugimenduaren pentsalari garrantzitsuenetako bat izan zen. Aitzindaria izan zen hainbat alderditan, indiar kasta-gizarte zurrunean estandarren, konbentzioen eta arauen aurka joan baitzen. Bere jarraitzaileek Mukhya Pranaren (euskaraz: \u00ABaire nagusia\u00BB; haizearen jainkoaren beste izen bat) hirugarren haragitzea zela uste zuten, Hanuman antropoidearen (Rama erregearen zerbitzaria) eta gerlariaren (bost pandava anaietako bat) ondoren."@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "January 2022"@en . . . . . . "Madhvacharya (IAST: Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya; Sanskrit pronunciation: [m\u0250d\u02B1\u028Ba\u02D0\u02C8t\u0255a\u02D0\u027Dj\u0250]; CE 1199-1278 or CE 1238\u20131317), sometimes anglicised as Madhva Acharya, and also known as Purna Prajna (IAST: P\u016Br\u1E47a-Praj\u00F1a) and \u0100nanda T\u012Brtha, was an Indian philosopher, theologian and the chief proponent of the Dvaita (dualism) school of Vedanta. Madhva called his philosophy Tattvav\u0101da meaning \"arguments from a realist viewpoint\". Madhvacharya was born on the west coast of Karnataka state in 13th-century India. As a teenager, he became a Sanyasi (monk) joining Brahma-sampradaya guru Achyutapreksha, of the Ekadandi order. Madhva studied the classics of Hindu philosophy, and wrote commentaries on the Principal Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita and the Brahma Sutras (Prasthanatrayi), and is credited with thirty seven works in Sanskrit. His writing style was of extreme brevity and condensed expression. His greatest work is considered to be the Anuvyakhyana, a philosophical supplement to his bhasya on the Brahma Sutras composed with a poetic structure. In some of his works, he proclaimed himself to be an avatar of Vayu, the son of god Vishnu. Madhvacharya was a critic of Adi Shankara's Advaita Vedanta and Ramanuja's Vishishtadvaita Vedanta teachings. He toured India several times, visiting places such as Badrinath, Bengal, Varanasi, Dwaraka, Goa and Kanyakumari, engaging in philosophical debates and visiting Hindu centres of learning. Madhva established the Krishna Mutt at Udupi with a murti secured from Dwarka Gujarat in CE 1285. Madhvacharya's teachings are built on the premise that there is a fundamental difference between Atman (individual soul, self) and the Brahman (ultimate reality, God Vishnu), these are two different unchanging realities, with individual soul dependent on Brahman, never identical. His school's theistic dualism teachings disagreed with the monist teachings of the other two most influential schools of Vedanta based on Advaita's nondualism and Vishishtadvaita's qualified nondualism. Liberation, asserted Madhva, is achievable only through the grace of God. The Dvaita school founded by Madhva influenced Vaishnavism, the Bhakti movement in medieval India, and has been one of the three influential Ved\u0101nta philosophies, along with Advaita Vedanta and Vishishtadvaita Vedanta. Madhva's historical influence in Hinduism, state Kulandran and Kraemer: \"has been salutary, but not extensive.\""@en . . . . . "Karnataka"@en . "Madhwa Anandatirtha (dewanagari \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F, transliteracja madhv\u0101c\u0101rya, transkrypcja Madhwa\u0107arja; ur. 1238 w Pad\u017Aaka k. Udupi, zm. 1318) \u2013 \u015Bredniowieczny wisznuicki (hinduizm) \u015Bwi\u0119ty i kaznodzieja s\u0142yn\u0105cy jako nieprzejednany przeciwnik monistycznej filozofii \u015Aankary. Urodzi\u0142 si\u0119 jako Wasudewa, w wieku 8 lat przeszed\u0142 ceremoni\u0119 otrzymania \u015Bwi\u0119tej nici (upanajana) i rozpocz\u0105\u0142 studia nad wedant\u0105 i innymi pismami . W wieku 16 lat przyj\u0105\u0142 \u015Bluby sannjasy (od guru A\u0107jutaprekszy) oraz imi\u0119 Purnapragja Tirtha i po\u015Bwi\u0119ci\u0142 si\u0119 g\u0142oszeniu filozofii (dualizm) na ca\u0142ym subkontynencie indyjskim. W tym czasie da\u0142 si\u0119 pozna\u0107 jako m\u00F3wca, niemaj\u0105cy sobie r\u00F3wnych w teologii i filozofii. Za swoj\u0105 \u017Cyciow\u0105 misj\u0119 przyj\u0105\u0142 wyparcie nauk \u015Aankary z Indii i to zadanie powierzy\u0142 tak\u017Ce swoim licznym uczniom."@pl . "\u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627"@ar . "Reality is twofold: independent and dependent things. The Lord Vishnu is the only independent thing."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u044F, \u041F\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043D\u044C\u044F, \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u0422\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0430 (\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0430; 1238\u20141317), \u2014 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0440\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043E\u0437\u043D\u043E-\u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 (\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C) \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B \u0412\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0442\u044B \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0430. \u0412 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0432\u043E\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0412\u0430\u044E. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044E \u043E\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044C, \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0411\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0445\u0430-\u0441\u0443\u043A\u0442\u044B \u00AB\u0420\u0438\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0434\u044B\u00BB, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u044B \u2014 \u00AB\u0421\u0443\u043C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430-\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0430\u044F\u00BB, \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0441\u044F \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041D\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044F\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u0435\u0439. \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0430\u0434\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 40 \u0441\u043E\u0447\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0437 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043A \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0430-\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043C \u0412\u044C\u044F\u0441\u044B, \u00AB\u0411\u0445\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434-\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0435\u00BB \u0438 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0423\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043C, \u043A\u043E\u043C\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043A \u043E\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044F\u043C (\u0441\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C) \u00AB\u0420\u0438\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0434\u044B\u00BB \u0438 \u00AB\u041C\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u00BB (\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043D \u043A\u0430\u043A \u00AB\u041C\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430-\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043F\u0430\u0440\u044C\u044F-\u043D\u0438\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F\u00BB)."@ru . . . "Madhua Acharia (1238-1317)\u200B) fue el fundador de una doctrina visnuista en el sur de la India. Se puede ver escrito de varias maneras: \n* Madhwacharya (transliteraci\u00F3n inglesa, la m\u00E1s com\u00FAn) \n* Madhua Acharia, o Madhuacharia (transliteraci\u00F3n al espa\u00F1ol) \n* \u0CB6\u0CCD\u0CB0\u0CC0 \u0CAE\u0CA7\u0CCD\u0CB5\u0CBE\u0C9A\u0CBE\u0CB0\u0CCD\u0CAF\u0CB0\u0CC1 (en idioma canar\u00E9s) \n* \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F (en escritura devanagari) \n* Madhv\u0101ch\u0101rya o Madhva \u0100ch\u0101rya (seg\u00FAn el AITS, el alfabeto internacional sistema de transliteraci\u00F3n s\u00E1nscrita) Los miembros de su grupo (el madhua-mata o \u2018doctrina de Madhua\u2019) se hacen llamar M\u00E1dhuas."@es . . . . . "Madhvacharya"@en . "Madhva (Sanskrit: \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935 Madhva [\u02C8m\u028Cd\u032A\u02B1\u028B\u028C]) oder Madhvacharya (\u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya [m\u028Cd\u032A\u02B1\u028B\u0251\u02D0\u02C8t\u0283\u0251\u02D0rj\u028C]; * um 1238; \u2020 um 1317) war ein indischer Philosoph und Begr\u00FCnder der Dvaita-Schule des Vedanta."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Achyuta-preksha"@en . . "P\u0101jaka, near Udupi"@en . . . . . . . . "Madhwa (Udipi, Karnataka, 1198 \u00F3 1238 \u2014 1277 \u00F3 1317), tamb\u00E9 anomenat Anandatirtha o Purnaprajna, va ser un fil\u00F2sof i anacoreta hind\u00FA que pertangu\u00E9 al vedanta, un dels sis sistemes ortodoxos de l'hinduisme. Dins del vedanta, era un exponent de l'escola del dvaita (dualisme). Madhva sostenia que el simple fet que les coses siguin transit\u00F2ries i canviants no significa que no siguin reals. Tamb\u00E9 insistia en que el coneixement \u00E9s relatiu, no absolut. Madhva va escriure 37 obres en s\u00E0nscrit, principalment comentaris sobre escrits sagrats hind\u00FAs i tractats sobre el seu propi sistema teol\u00F2gic i filosofia. Va ser un cr\u00EDtic dels ensenyaments Advaita Vedanta d'Adi Xankara i del Vishishtadvaita Vedanta de Ramanuja."@ca . . . . . "Madhvacharya"@eu . . . . . . "Madhvacharya edo Madhva Acharya (sanskritoz: \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F, Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya, m\u0250d\u02B1\u028Ba\u02D0\u02C8t\u0255a\u02D0\u027Dj\u0250 ahoskatua; kannadaz: \u0CB6\u0CCD\u0CB0\u0CC0 \u0CAE\u0CA7\u0CCD\u0CB5\u0CBE\u0C9A\u0CBE\u0CB0\u0CCD\u0CAF\u0CB0\u0CC1; c.\u20091238-c.\u20091317) eragin handiko erlijioso hindua izan zen, hegoaldeko Indian vishnuismoa zabaldu zuena. Bere doktrinak tattua v\u0101da (euskaraz: \u00ABegiari buruzko doktrina\u00BB) du izena, Dvaita edo hinduismoaren dualismo izenez ere ezagutzen dena. Doktrina hau Adi Shankararen Advaita Vedanta (\u00ABez dualtasuna\u00BB) doktrinaren aurka dago. Eragin handieneko hiru doktrina vedantistetako bat da."@eu . . . . "Sri Krishna Temple idol installed by Madhvacharya, Udupi"@en . . . . . "Quotation"@en . "Madhvacharya"@en . "c. 1278"@en . . . . . . . . "Madhwa Anandatirtha"@pl . . "Madhva"@sv . . . . . . "Madhva, conosciuto anche come \u0100nandat\u012Brtha, P\u016Br\u1E47apraj\u00F1\u0101, Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya e anche, ma nella resa anglosassone, Madhvacharya (P\u0101jakak\u1E63etra, 1198 o 1238 \u2013 1277 o 1317), \u00E8 stato un teologo e filosofo indiano ved\u0101ntico vi\u1E63\u1E47uita, nonch\u00E9 il fondatore della scuola dello Dvaitaved\u0101nta, anche Brahm\u0101-samprad\u0101ya, propugnatrice della dottrina detta dello dvaitav\u0101da (\"dottrina del dualismo\") o atyantabheda (\"dottrina dell'assoluta distinzione\")."@it . . . . . "\u064A\u064F\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627 (Madhvacharya) (1238\u20131317 \u0645\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062F\u064A\u064B\u0627) \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062C\u0627 (Purna Prajna) \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u062F\u0627 \u062A\u0631\u064A\u062B\u0627 (Ananda Tirth)\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062A\u0631\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064A\u0633\u064A \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062A\u0627\u062A\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062F\u0627 (Tattvav\u0101da) \u0623\u0648 \"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\"\u060C \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064C \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062F\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062F\u0641\u064A\u062A\u0627 (Dvaita) (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062B\u0646\u0648\u064A\u0629) \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u0648\u0633\u064A\u0629. \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064A \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F\u0629\u064C \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062B\u0644\u0627\u062B \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A\u062F\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0627 (Ved\u0101nta)\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062D\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062A\u064A (Bhakti movement)\u060C \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062F\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631\u064D \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u060C \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u062F \u062A\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u064A\u064F\u0639\u062A\u064E\u0642\u062F \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062F\u0647\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064A\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0633\u064A\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628 (V\u0101yu) \u0641\u0627\u064A\u0648 (Mukhyapr\u0101\u1E47a)."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva, ou Madhvacarya (canar\u00EAs: \u0CB6\u0CCD\u0CB0\u0CC0 \u0CAE\u0CA7\u0CCD\u0CB5\u0CBE\u0C9A\u0CBE\u0CB0\u0CCD\u0CAF\u0CB0\u0CC1) (1238-1317) \u00E9 considerado o fundador de uma escola filos\u00F3fica vedantista hindu denominada Dvaita (dualismo). O renascimento hindu foi determinado por Shankara no s\u00E9culo VIII, derrotando os argumentos do budismo e praticamente erradicando o budismo do territ\u00F3rio indiano. Muitas seitas vaixnavas adotaram essa filosofia, tais como a seita de Udupi e posteriormente a seita dos gaudiya-vaixnavas (da Bengala), que consideram Madhva um dos seus Acaryas (grande mestres) mais proeminentes e santo."@pt . . . . . . . "Madhva (Sanskrit: \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935 Madhva [\u02C8m\u028Cd\u032A\u02B1\u028B\u028C]) oder Madhvacharya (\u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya [m\u028Cd\u032A\u02B1\u028B\u0251\u02D0\u02C8t\u0283\u0251\u02D0rj\u028C]; * um 1238; \u2020 um 1317) war ein indischer Philosoph und Begr\u00FCnder der Dvaita-Schule des Vedanta."@de . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva ou Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya (1238-1317 ou 1199-1278), \u00E9galement appel\u00E9 Anandatirtha, Anandagiri ou Anandajnana, est un philosophe hindou, fondateur du syst\u00E8me Dvaita qui est une des trois principales \u00E9coles du Ved\u0101nta, \u00E9cole qui reconna\u00EEt la dualit\u00E9. Celle-ci appartient \u00E0 la tradition philosophique astika, qui reconna\u00EEt l'autorit\u00E9 des Vedas. On attribue \u00E0 Madhva la composition de trente-sept ouvrages dont la plupart sont des commentaires sur les textes de bases du Ved\u0101nta, le Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata et le Bh\u0101gavata Pur\u0101\u1E47a."@fr . . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430"@ru . "Madhwa"@es . . . . . "Madhva"@pt . . . . "Madhvacharya"@en . . "Madhwa Anandatirtha (dewanagari \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F, transliteracja madhv\u0101c\u0101rya, transkrypcja Madhwa\u0107arja; ur. 1238 w Pad\u017Aaka k. Udupi, zm. 1318) \u2013 \u015Bredniowieczny wisznuicki (hinduizm) \u015Bwi\u0119ty i kaznodzieja s\u0142yn\u0105cy jako nieprzejednany przeciwnik monistycznej filozofii \u015Aankary."@pl . "Madhva var en betydelsefull indisk (tamilsk) filosof och andlig ledare, f\u00F6dd 1238 i byn Pajaka i Tulu Nadu (nuvarande delstaten Karnataka), d\u00F6d 1317. Av vissa men inte alla anh\u00E4ngare (som \u00E4ven de kallas madhva) betraktas han som en gud, n\u00E4mligen en avatar av Vayu. Vid sidan om det kortfattade namnet Madhva \u00E4r han k\u00E4nd under namnen 1. \n* Vasudeva, det namn f\u00F6ddes under 2. \n* Shri Madhvacharya, det namn han ska ha f\u00E5tt efter att ha blivit helig 3. \n* Poornapragna, ett hedersnamn med betydelsen \"den som vet allt\" 4. \n* Anandateertha, ett hedersnamn med betydelsen \"den som ger gl\u00E4dje genom sina predikningar\" Madhva var ledande inom Dvaita, en dualistisk riktning inom hinduismen, ing\u00E5ende i vedantafilosofin och en del av Bhaktir\u00F6relsen. Liksom Ramanuja ans\u00E5g Madhva att Brahman var en personlig gud, n\u00E4mligen Vishnu. Han var negativt inst\u00E4lld till kastsystemet. Alltj\u00E4mt anses Madhva vara en av de allra mest inflytelserika hinduiska teologerna genom tiderna. Han v\u00E4ckte liv i en hinduisk monoteism som kunde svara mot de religi\u00F6sa influenser som under hans tid str\u00F6mmade in i Indien genom fientliga invasioner."@sv . . . "Udupi, Sri Krishna Temple established by Madhvacharya"@en . . "Madhwa"@ca . . . "Madhva"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhua Acharia (1238-1317)\u200B) fue el fundador de una doctrina visnuista en el sur de la India. Se puede ver escrito de varias maneras: \n* Madhwacharya (transliteraci\u00F3n inglesa, la m\u00E1s com\u00FAn) \n* Madhua Acharia, o Madhuacharia (transliteraci\u00F3n al espa\u00F1ol) \n* \u0CB6\u0CCD\u0CB0\u0CC0 \u0CAE\u0CA7\u0CCD\u0CB5\u0CBE\u0C9A\u0CBE\u0CB0\u0CCD\u0CAF\u0CB0\u0CC1 (en idioma canar\u00E9s) \n* \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F (en escritura devanagari) \n* Madhv\u0101ch\u0101rya o Madhva \u0100ch\u0101rya (seg\u00FAn el AITS, el alfabeto internacional sistema de transliteraci\u00F3n s\u00E1nscrita) Su doctrina se llama tattua v\u0101da (\u2018doctrina acerca de la verdad\u2019), conocida popularmente como duaita o dualismo del hinduismo,\u200B{{Sfn|Stoker|2011} que se opone a la advaita (\u2018no dualidad\u2019) del gran vedantista Sankar\u00E1.\u200B\u200BEs una de las tres doctrinas vedantistas m\u00E1s influyentes. Los miembros de su grupo (el madhua-mata o \u2018doctrina de Madhua\u2019) se hacen llamar M\u00E1dhuas. Madhua fue uno de los pensadores m\u00E1s importantes del movimiento bhakti en la India.Fue pionero en varios aspectos, al ir en contra de los est\u00E1ndares, convenciones y normas, en la r\u00EDgida sociedad castista hind\u00FA. Sus seguidores lo cre\u00EDan la tercera encarnaci\u00F3n de Mukhya Prana (\u2018principal aire\u2019, otro nombre del dios del viento Vai\u00FA), despu\u00E9s del antropoide J\u00E1numan (sirviente del rey Rama) y el guerrero Bhim\u00E1 (uno de los cinco hermanos p\u00E1ndavas)."@es . . . . . "Madhva"@cs . "lack of reliable sources"@en . "\u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430"@uk . . . . . "Madhva"@it . . . . . . . "Madhwa (Udipi, Karnataka, 1198 \u00F3 1238 \u2014 1277 \u00F3 1317), tamb\u00E9 anomenat Anandatirtha o Purnaprajna, va ser un fil\u00F2sof i anacoreta hind\u00FA que pertangu\u00E9 al vedanta, un dels sis sistemes ortodoxos de l'hinduisme. Dins del vedanta, era un exponent de l'escola del dvaita (dualisme). Madhva sostenia que el simple fet que les coses siguin transit\u00F2ries i canviants no significa que no siguin reals. Tamb\u00E9 insistia en que el coneixement \u00E9s relatiu, no absolut. Madhva va escriure 37 obres en s\u00E0nscrit, principalment comentaris sobre escrits sagrats hind\u00FAs i tractats sobre el seu propi sistema teol\u00F2gic i filosofia. Va ser un cr\u00EDtic dels ensenyaments Advaita Vedanta d'Adi Xankara i del Vishishtadvaita Vedanta de Ramanuja."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva, t\u00E9\u017E Madhv\u00E1\u010D\u00E1rja, \u00C1nandat\u00EDrtha, nebo P\u00FArnapragja (asi 1199 nebo 1238, Udupi \u2014 asi 1278 nebo 1317, Udupi) byl indick\u00FD vi\u0161nuistick\u00FD filozof, zakladatel v\u00E9d\u00E1ntsk\u00E9 \u0161koly Dvaita-v\u00E9d\u00E1nta. Madhva je p\u0159edstavitel radik\u00E1ln\u00EDho dualismu. Zd\u016Fraz\u0148oval rozd\u00EDl mezi Bohem a individu\u00E1ln\u00ED du\u0161\u00ED (d\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1tmou), kter\u00FD je nep\u0159eklenuteln\u00FD - individu\u00E1ln\u00ED du\u0161e nikdy nem\u016F\u017Ee splynout s Bohem. Rozli\u0161oval t\u00E9\u017E dv\u011B \u00FArovn\u011B reality - svatantra (\u010Dist\u00FD brahman - nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ED du\u0161e) a paratantra (\u017Eiv\u00E9 du\u0161e a ne\u017Eiv\u00E9 objekty), mezi nimi je jen m\u00E1lo kontakt\u016F, i kdy\u017E jist\u00E1 z\u00E1vislost tu je. Jde o opozici v\u016F\u010Di \u0160ankarov\u011B filozofii zvan\u00E9 advaita. Jeho nejv\u00FDznamn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm d\u00EDlem byl koment\u00E1\u0159 k Brahma-s\u00FAt\u0159e nazvan\u00FD P\u00FArnapragja Bh\u00E1\u0161ja. Krom toho napsal dal\u0161\u00EDch 36 d\u011Bl v sanskrtu. V hinduismu je v\u00FDjime\u010Dn\u00FD t\u00E9\u017E t\u00EDm, \u017Ee v\u011B\u0159il ve v\u011B\u010Dn\u00E9 zavr\u017Een\u00ED, nebe a peklo, mo\u017En\u00E1 d\u00EDky vlivu nestori\u00E1nsk\u00FDch k\u0159es\u0165an\u016F, kte\u0159\u00ED s\u00EDdlili v jeho dob\u011B v Kalyanpuru. Odm\u00EDtl u\u010Den\u00ED o \"m\u00E1je\" a na rozd\u00EDl od n\u011Bkter\u00FDch jin\u00FDch v\u00FDchodn\u00EDch mudrc\u016F trval na tom, \u017Ee sv\u011Bt je zcela skute\u010Dn\u00FD - v tomto smyslu pat\u0159il k materialistick\u00E9 linii v indick\u00E9 filozofii. Zd\u016Fraz\u0148oval t\u00E9\u017E, \u017Ee \u017E\u00E1dn\u00E9 u\u010Den\u00ED nem\u00E1 absolutn\u00ED pravdu."@cs . . . . . "Tattvavada"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "V\u0101sudeva"@en . "\u041C\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0432\u0430, \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440'\u044F, \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u044F, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u044F\u043A \u041F\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0491'\u044F, \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u0422\u0456\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0430 - \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0457\u0441\u0442\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444 \u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A (\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440'\u044F) \u0440\u0435\u043B\u0456\u0433\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E-\u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0414\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0431\u043E \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0454 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043A\u0456\u043B \u0412\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0443. \u0423 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u0456\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0432\u0430 \u0448\u0430\u043D\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0432\u0442\u0456\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0412\u0430\u044E. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0491\u0440\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F, \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0443 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0443, \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0411\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0445\u0430-\u0441\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0438 \u00AB\u0420\u0456\u0491\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u00BB, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043D\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0454\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0438 - \u00AB\u0421\u0443\u043C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430-\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0430\u044F\u00BB, \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u041D\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044F\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u0435\u0439. \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0435 40 \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u0437 \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0454 \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456 \u0434\u043E \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043C\u0430-\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0412\u044C\u044F\u0441\u0438, \u00AB\u0411\u0445\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434-\u0433\u0456\u0442\u0438\u00BB \u0456 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0423\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043C, \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456 \u0434\u043E \u043E\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D (\u0441\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0435) \u00AB\u0420\u0456\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0438\u00BB \u0456 \u00AB\u041C\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456\u00BB (\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u044F\u043A \u00AB\u041C\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0431\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430-\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043F\u0430\u0440\u044C\u044F-\u043D\u0456\u0440\u043D\u0430\u044F\u00BB), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u00AB\u0421\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0430-\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043D\u0430-\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0445\u0430\u00BB ( \u00AB\u0417\u0456\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0456\u0432\u00BB)."@uk . "1082730"^^ . . . . "Madhva, ou Madhvacarya (canar\u00EAs: \u0CB6\u0CCD\u0CB0\u0CC0 \u0CAE\u0CA7\u0CCD\u0CB5\u0CBE\u0C9A\u0CBE\u0CB0\u0CCD\u0CAF\u0CB0\u0CC1) (1238-1317) \u00E9 considerado o fundador de uma escola filos\u00F3fica vedantista hindu denominada Dvaita (dualismo). O renascimento hindu foi determinado por Shankara no s\u00E9culo VIII, derrotando os argumentos do budismo e praticamente erradicando o budismo do territ\u00F3rio indiano. O budismo rejeita a autoridade de todos os textos v\u00E9dicos, que s\u00E3o a pedra fundamental do hindu\u00EDsmo, e estabelece o nirvana como sendo a meta espiritual a ser atingida pela entidade viva. O budismo e sua meta independem do conceito de deus, e o nirvana n\u00E3o pode ser considerado como uma entidade, mas como uma situa\u00E7\u00E3o do \u201Ceu.\u201D Para todos os efeitos o budismo \u00E9 uma religi\u00E3o ate\u00EDsta. Existem princ\u00EDpios religiosos a serem seguidos (dharma) mas a meta \u00E9 impessoal, n\u00E3o \u00E9 a comunh\u00E3o com qualquer tipo de deidade. Ao tecer o seu coment\u00E1rio sobre o Brahma-sutra Shankara estabeleceu que a meta a ser alcan\u00E7ada pela entidade viva seria o Brahman, ou o Absoluto, a Realidade Suprema, e deixou uma lacuna no que tange quanto \u00E0 caracteriza\u00E7\u00E3o do Brahman: seria Ele uma entidade? Estaria aplicado ao Brahman o conceito de subst\u00E2ncia?S\u00E1bios da escola de advaita anteriores a Shankara, como Gautama, e todos os seus sucessores definiam o Brahman como \u201Cadvaiya vastu,\u201D ou subst\u00E2ncia n\u00E3o-dual e inferiam que essa subst\u00E2ncia poderia ser realizada pelo indiv\u00EDduo em tr\u00EAs aspectos: como o Brahman sem qualifica\u00E7\u00E3o (impessoal), como o Brahman corporificado (a forma pessoal) e como a forma localizada (paramatma) dentro do pr\u00F3prio \u201Ceu\u201D individual. Ramanuja no s\u00E9culo XIII tentou harmonizar as cren\u00E7as de uma seita religiosa, os shri-vaixnavas fazendo um coment\u00E1rio alternativo ao Brahma-sutra, estabelecendo a filosofia de vishistadvaita, que admitia a possibilidade de um certo dualismo no Brahman n\u00E3o-dual, abrindo assim uma brecha para o teismo filos\u00F3fico. Madhva era tido como um br\u00E2mane muito erudito, natural de Udupi, e influenciado por uma seita vaixnava local. A adora\u00E7\u00E3o que os vaisnaxas fazem de Krishna ou de qualquer outro avatara de Vixnu carece de qualquer preceito ou fundamento v\u00E9dico, uma vez que o Brahma-sutra, considerado a quintess\u00EAncia ou a decis\u00E3o final de todos os conceitos v\u00E9dicos, jamais considera Vixnu, Xiva, Brahma ou qualquer outro deus mitol\u00F3gico como a Realidade Absoluta, ou Ser Supremo ador\u00E1vel. Em sua viagem ao sul da \u00CDndia Madhva entrou em contato com o os shri-vaixnavas e a filosofia de Ramanuja, que admitia por fim a possibilidade de um aspecto dual ao Brahman.Posteriormente, Madhva redigiu um coment\u00E1rio ao Brahma-sutra ainda mais radical que o de Ramanuja, estabelecendo a diferencia\u00E7\u00E3o entre o Brahman e a alma individual, determinando que a meta a ser alcan\u00E7ada seria a comunh\u00E3o e harmonia da alma individual com o Brahman em sua forma pessoal, como Krishna. Muitas seitas vaixnavas adotaram essa filosofia, tais como a seita de Udupi e posteriormente a seita dos gaudiya-vaixnavas (da Bengala), que consideram Madhva um dos seus Acaryas (grande mestres) mais proeminentes e santo. A escola advaita cl\u00E1ssica simplesmente classifica a tese de Madhva como uma heresia, uma infer\u00EAncia sem base l\u00F3gica ou escritural, portanto n\u00E3o-v\u00E9dica e quando muito de origem t\u00E2ntrica, que visa apenas satisfazer o desejo de autenticidade v\u00E9dica de algumas poucas seitas. Vale lembrar, que a vis\u00E3o da escola advaita sobre as conclus\u00F5es de Madhvacarya s\u00E3o baseadas em uma filosofia impersonalista, onde comprende Deus apenas como uma energia \"amorfa\" sem forma, Os imersonalistas incapazes de compreender as qualidades transcendentais daquele que criou a humanidade \u00E0 sua imagem \"Deus\", negam a forma da suprema personalidade de Deus, Sri Krishna, que possui atratividades ilimitadas em todos os seus aspectos. Madhvacarya, compreendeu que: o prazer que se obtem atrav\u00E9z da conex\u00E3o do individuo infinitesimal com a pessoa primordial, a ilimitada Suprema Personalidade de Desus Krishna \u00E9 superior ao processo impessoal, aja visto que a energia mateial \u00E9 limitada e a alma ilimitada, n\u00E3o se pode alcan\u00E7ar satisfa\u00E7\u00E3o espiritual no contato com a temporaria energia impessoal \"energia material\" do Senhor Supremo, que \u00E9 conhecida como Brahman. Madhvacarya conclu\u00ED que apenas por se relacionar com a pessoa Suprema, e isso s\u00F3 \u00E9 possivel se existe o aspecto de personalidade, \u00E9 que ser\u00E1 possivel lograr verdadeiro exito da vida humana. No impersonalismo por n\u00E3o haver relacionamento com Deus em seu aspecto pessoal, o individuo n\u00E3o sente verdadeiro prazer, pois diferente da natureza eterna de Deus, a natureza impessoal se caracteriza principalmente como temporaria, insatisfazendo assim os intricicos anseios da alma de se conectar com a energia eterna e pessoal de Deus."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva, conosciuto anche come \u0100nandat\u012Brtha, P\u016Br\u1E47apraj\u00F1\u0101, Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya e anche, ma nella resa anglosassone, Madhvacharya (P\u0101jakak\u1E63etra, 1198 o 1238 \u2013 1277 o 1317), \u00E8 stato un teologo e filosofo indiano ved\u0101ntico vi\u1E63\u1E47uita, nonch\u00E9 il fondatore della scuola dello Dvaitaved\u0101nta, anche Brahm\u0101-samprad\u0101ya, propugnatrice della dottrina detta dello dvaitav\u0101da (\"dottrina del dualismo\") o atyantabheda (\"dottrina dell'assoluta distinzione\")."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva, t\u00E9\u017E Madhv\u00E1\u010D\u00E1rja, \u00C1nandat\u00EDrtha, nebo P\u00FArnapragja (asi 1199 nebo 1238, Udupi \u2014 asi 1278 nebo 1317, Udupi) byl indick\u00FD vi\u0161nuistick\u00FD filozof, zakladatel v\u00E9d\u00E1ntsk\u00E9 \u0161koly Dvaita-v\u00E9d\u00E1nta. Madhva je p\u0159edstavitel radik\u00E1ln\u00EDho dualismu. Zd\u016Fraz\u0148oval rozd\u00EDl mezi Bohem a individu\u00E1ln\u00ED du\u0161\u00ED (d\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1tmou), kter\u00FD je nep\u0159eklenuteln\u00FD - individu\u00E1ln\u00ED du\u0161e nikdy nem\u016F\u017Ee splynout s Bohem. Rozli\u0161oval t\u00E9\u017E dv\u011B \u00FArovn\u011B reality - svatantra (\u010Dist\u00FD brahman - nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ED du\u0161e) a paratantra (\u017Eiv\u00E9 du\u0161e a ne\u017Eiv\u00E9 objekty), mezi nimi je jen m\u00E1lo kontakt\u016F, i kdy\u017E jist\u00E1 z\u00E1vislost tu je. Jde o opozici v\u016F\u010Di \u0160ankarov\u011B filozofii zvan\u00E9 advaita. Jeho nejv\u00FDznamn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm d\u00EDlem byl koment\u00E1\u0159 k Brahma-s\u00FAt\u0159e nazvan\u00FD P\u00FArnapragja Bh\u00E1\u0161ja. Krom toho napsal dal\u0161\u00EDch 36 d\u011Bl v sanskrtu. V hinduismu je v\u00FDjime\u010Dn\u00FD t\u00E9\u017E t\u00EDm, \u017Ee v\u011B\u0159il ve v\u011B\u010Dn\u00E9 zavr\u017Een\u00ED, n"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Madhva var en betydelsefull indisk (tamilsk) filosof och andlig ledare, f\u00F6dd 1238 i byn Pajaka i Tulu Nadu (nuvarande delstaten Karnataka), d\u00F6d 1317. Av vissa men inte alla anh\u00E4ngare (som \u00E4ven de kallas madhva) betraktas han som en gud, n\u00E4mligen en avatar av Vayu. Vid sidan om det kortfattade namnet Madhva \u00E4r han k\u00E4nd under namnen Madhva var ledande inom Dvaita, en dualistisk riktning inom hinduismen, ing\u00E5ende i vedantafilosofin och en del av Bhaktir\u00F6relsen. Liksom Ramanuja ans\u00E5g Madhva att Brahman var en personlig gud, n\u00E4mligen Vishnu. Han var negativt inst\u00E4lld till kastsystemet."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . "Udupi - Scenes of Sri Krishna Temple12.jpg"@en . . . "\u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u044F, \u041F\u0443\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043D\u044C\u044F, \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430 \u0422\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0430 (\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0445\u0430; 1238\u20141317), \u2014 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043A, \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0440\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043E\u0437\u043D\u043E-\u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 (\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043C) \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043A\u043E\u043B \u0412\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0442\u044B \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0448\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0430. \u0412 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0432\u043E\u043F\u043B\u043E\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0412\u0430\u044E. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F, \u0432 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044E \u043E\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044C, \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0411\u0430\u043B\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0445\u0430-\u0441\u0443\u043A\u0442\u044B \u00AB\u0420\u0438\u0433\u0432\u0435\u0434\u044B\u00BB, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043D\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u041C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u044B \u2014 \u00AB\u0421\u0443\u043C\u0430\u0434\u0445\u0432\u0430-\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0430\u044F\u00BB, \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0441\u044F \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041D\u0430\u0440\u0430\u044F\u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0440\u044C\u0435\u0439."@ru . "2"^^ . . . . . "Sri Krishna Temple, Udupi"@en . . . . . . . "51860"^^ . . "Madhva, Madhva\u0109arja (sanskrite \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F, IAST: Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya; Sanskrita prononco: [m\u0250d\u02B1\u028Ba\u02D0\u02C8t\u0255a\u02D0\u027Dj\u0250]; 1238\u20131317), foje literumita kiel Madhva A\u0109arja, kaj konata anka\u016D kiel P\u016Brna Praj\u00F1a kaj \u0100nanda T\u012Brtha, estis hinduisma filozofo kaj la \u0109efa proponanto de Dvaita (duisma) skolo de Vedanto. Madhva nomis sian filozofion Tattvav\u0101da kun la signifo \"argumentoj el realisma vidpunkto\"."@eo . . . "V\u0101sudeva"@en . . . . . . . "300"^^ . "Madhva, Madhva\u0109arja (sanskrite \u092E\u0927\u094D\u0935\u093E\u091A\u093E\u0930\u094D\u092F, IAST: Madhv\u0101c\u0101rya; Sanskrita prononco: [m\u0250d\u02B1\u028Ba\u02D0\u02C8t\u0255a\u02D0\u027Dj\u0250]; 1238\u20131317), foje literumita kiel Madhva A\u0109arja, kaj konata anka\u016D kiel P\u016Brna Praj\u00F1a kaj \u0100nanda T\u012Brtha, estis hinduisma filozofo kaj la \u0109efa proponanto de Dvaita (duisma) skolo de Vedanto. Madhva nomis sian filozofion Tattvav\u0101da kun la signifo \"argumentoj el realisma vidpunkto\". Madhva\u0109arja naski\u011Dis en la 13-a jarcento sur la okcidenta marbordo de la \u015Dtato Karnataka en Barato. Estante junulo, li i\u011Dis san\u011Dasi (monako) ali\u011Dinta al la guruo Brahma-sampradaja nome A\u0109\u011Dutaprek\u015Da, de la ordeno Ekadandi. Madhva studis la klasika\u0135ojn de Hindua filozofio, partikulare la \u0108efaj Upani\u015Dadoj, nome Bagavadgito kaj la Brahma-Sutroj (Prasthanatraji). Li komentis pri tiuj, kaj oni atribuis al li 37 verkojn en Sanskrito. Lia verkostilo estis de ekstrema mallongeco kaj kondensita esprimo. Lia plej grava verko estas konsiderata la Anuvya\u0125jana, filozofia suplemento al lia \"bhasja\" pri la Brahma-Sutroj komponita per poezia strukturo. En kelkaj el liaj verkoj, li proklamis sin avataro de , nome filo de la dio Vi\u015Dnuo. Li estis kritikanto de la instruoj de Adi-\u015Cankaro nome Advaita Vedanta kaj de Ramanu\u011Da nome Vi\u015Di\u015Dtadvaita Vedanta. Li turneis tra Barato kelkajn fojojn, vizitante lokojn kiel Bengalo, Varanasi, D\u016Darka, Goa kaj Kanjakumari, enga\u011Dinta en filozofiaj debatoj kaj vizitante Hinduismajn centrojn de lernado. Madhva establis la Kri\u015Dna Mutt en Udupi kun \"murti\" sekurita el D\u016Darka, Gu\u011Darato, en 1285. La instruoj de Madhva\u0109arja estas konstruita sur la principo ke estas fundamenta diferenco inter Atman (individua animo, mem) kaj la Brahmo (lasta realo, dio Vi\u015Dnuo), tiuj estas du diferencaj nedefiaj realoj, kun individua animo dependa el Brahmo, neniam identa. La teisma duisma instruoj de lia skolo malkonsentis kun la monismaj instruoj de la aliaj du plej influaj skoloj de Vedanta bazitaj sur la neduismo de Advaita kaj la kvalifikita neduismo de Vi\u015Di\u015Dtadvaita. Liberigo, asertis Madhva, estas atingebla nur pere de la gracio de Dio. La Dvaita skolo fondita de Madhva influis super la Vi\u015Dnuismo, kaj super la Bhakti movado en mezepoka Barato, kaj estis unu el la tri influaj Ved\u0101nta filozofioj, kun Advaita Vedanta kaj Vi\u015Di\u015Dtadvaita Vedanta. La historia influo de Madhva en Hinduismo, la\u016D Kulandran kaj Kraemer: \"has been salutary, but not extensive\" (estis bonvena, sed ne etenda)."@eo . . .