. . . "\u039B\u03AF\u03BF\u03BD \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1"@el . . . . . . 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"\u30EC\u30AA\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30A7\u30B9\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30AC\u30FC\uFF08Leon Festinger, 1919\u5E745\u67088\u65E5 - 1989\u5E742\u670811\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u793E\u4F1A\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u3092\u7814\u7A76\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (* 8. Mai 1919 in New York City; \u2020 11. Februar 1989 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Sozialpsychologe, der haupts\u00E4chlich durch seine Theorie der kognitiven Dissonanz, die Theorie des sozialen Vergleichs und seine Experimente bekannt wurde."@de . . . . "\u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0435\u0440, \u041B\u0435\u043E\u043D"@ru . . . "\u041B\u0435\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Leon Festinger; *8 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1919, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 \u202011 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1989) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0443 \u0442\u0430 . \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043E\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0443 \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F\u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043E \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432. \u041E\u043A\u0440\u0456\u043C \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0443, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C , \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0446\u0456\u043D\u044E\u0454 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0443, \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044E\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0437 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044C\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u043E\u044E. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u2014 , \u0424\u0456\u043B\u0456\u043F \u0417\u0456\u043C\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E \u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043D\u043B\u0456 \u0428\u0435\u0445\u0442\u0435\u0440."@uk . . . . . . "\u5229\u6602\u00B7\u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C\uFF08Leon Festinger\uFF0C1919\u5E745\u67088\u65E5\uFF0D1989\u5E742\u670811\u65E5\uFF09\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u7F8E\u56FD\u793E\u4F1A\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4EE5\u5176\u8BA4\u77E5\u5931\u8C03\u7406\u8BBA\u8457\u79F0\uFF081957\u5E74\uFF09\u3002 \u5728\u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C\u4E00\u751F\u4E2D\uFF0C\u66FE\u4EFB\u6559\u4E8E\u7F8E\u56FD\u591A\u6240\u5927\u5B66\uFF0C\u5305\u62EC\u7231\u8377\u534E\u5927\u5B66\u3001\u7F57\u5F7B\u65AF\u7279\u5927\u5B66\u3001\u9EBB\u7701\u7406\u5DE5\u5B66\u9662\u3001\u660E\u5C3C\u82CF\u8FBE\u5927\u5B66\u3001\u5BC6\u6B47\u6839\u5927\u5B66\u548C\u65AF\u5766\u798F\u5927\u5B66\u3002 \u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C\u4EE5\u5176\u8BA4\u77E5\u5931\u8C03\u7406\u8BBA\u8457\u79F0\u3002"@zh . . . . "New York City, New York"@en . . "1919-05-08"^^ . . . . "Leon Festinger (New York, 1919ko maiatzaren 8a \u2013 ib., 1989ko otsailaren 11) psikologo sozial estatubatuarra izan zen, bere disonantzia kognitibo eta konparazio sozialen teoriengatik ezaguna."@eu . "\u041B\u0435\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Leon Festinger; *8 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1919, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 \u202011 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1989) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0443 \u0442\u0430 . \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0444\u0456\u0433\u0443\u0440\u043E\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0443 \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F\u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043E \u0435\u043A\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432. \u041E\u043A\u0440\u0456\u043C \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043D\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0443, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043D\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440\u043E\u043C , \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0446\u0456\u043D\u044E\u0454 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u0435 \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u0443, \u043F\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044E\u044E\u0447\u0438 \u0437 \u0456\u043D\u0448\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u044C\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0457\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0456\u043D\u043A\u043E\u044E. \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u043D\u0456\u0432 \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u2014 , \u0424\u0456\u043B\u0456\u043F \u0417\u0456\u043C\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043E \u0442\u0430 \u0421\u0442\u0435\u043D\u043B\u0456 \u0428\u0435\u0445\u0442\u0435\u0440. \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043D\u0435\u0437\u043C\u0456\u043D\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0447\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u043A\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A \u0456 \u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0417\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0433\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . "1919-05-08"^^ . . . "1989-02-11"^^ . . "Leon Festinger (New York, 8 maggio 1919 \u2013 New York, 11 febbraio 1989) \u00E8 stato uno psicologo e sociologo statunitense. Egli \u00E8 forse meglio noto per la Dissonanza cognitiva e la Teoria Del Confronto Sociale. Alle sue teorie e ricerche \u00E8 stato riconosciuto il merito di aver superato il punto di vista comportamentista che in precedenza dominava la psicologia sociale, dimostrando l'inadeguatezza dello schema \"stimolo-risposta\" per comprendere e determinare il comportamento umano. Festinger \u00E8 anche conosciuto per aver favorito l'uso del laboratorio per gli esperimenti in psicologia sociale, nonostante allo stesso tempo egli abbia evidenziato l'importanza dello studio di situazioni di vita reale, tecnica che ha messo in pratica quando si \u00E8 infiltrato nella setta di un culto apocalittico per studiare gli effetti di quando una profezia fallisce. \u00C8 noto anche nell'ambito delle reti sociali grazie alla teoria dell'Effetto Di Prossimit\u00E0. Festinger, ha studiato psicologia all'Universit\u00E0 dell'Iowa sotto la guida di Kurt Lewin, un'importante figura nella moderna psicologia sociale e si \u00E8 laureato nel 1941; ci\u00F2 nonostante, egli svilupp\u00F2 l'interesse per la psicologia sociale solo dopo essere entrato a far parte del centro di ricerca di Lewin sulle dinamiche di gruppo, presso l'Istituto di tecnologia del Massachusetts nel 1945. Nonostante il suo interesse principale fosse la psicologia sociale, Festinger si occup\u00F2 anche di ricerca sulla percezione visiva nel 1964 e quindi di archeologia e di storia, a partire dal 1979 fino alla sua morte nel 1989."@it . "Leon Festinger (8. kv\u011Btna 1919 \u2013 11. \u00FAnora 1989) byl americk\u00FD soci\u00E1ln\u00ED psycholog, zn\u00E1m\u00FD p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm svou teori\u00ED kognitivn\u00ED disonance, kterou prvn\u011B formuloval roku 1956 v knize When Prophecy Fails a za rok rozvinul v pr\u00E1ci Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. K jeho m\u00E9n\u011B zn\u00E1m\u00FDm koncepc\u00EDm pat\u0159\u00ED teorie soci\u00E1ln\u00EDho srovn\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED, kterou formuloval roku 1954 \u010Di tzv. , kter\u00FD definoval roku 1950 spolu se sv\u00FDmi studenty Stanley Schachterem a Kurtem Backem. Velmi se zaslou\u017Eil o vstup experimentu do soci\u00E1ln\u00ED psychologie, v\u011Bt\u0161ina jeho teori\u00ED vznikla na z\u00E1klad\u011B experiment\u016F s jeho studenty. Byl 5. nejcitovan\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm psychologem ve 20. stolet\u00ED."@cs . . . . . . "Leon Festinger"@cs . "Leon Festinger"@it . "\u30EC\u30AA\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30A7\u30B9\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30AC\u30FC"@ja . "Leon Festinger"@pl . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (Nueva York, 8 de mayo de 1919-Nueva York, 11 de febrero de 1989) fue un psic\u00F3logo social estadounidense."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041B\u0435\u043E\u0301\u043D \u0424\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0435\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Leon Festinger; 8 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1919, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 11 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F 1989, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043C\u044B\u0448\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0430."@ru . . . "\u039F \u039B\u03AF\u03BF\u03BD \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 (8 \u039C\u03B1\u0390\u03BF\u03C5 1919 - 11 \u03A6\u03B5\u03B2\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1989) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u0391\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, \u03AF\u03C3\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC\u03C1\u03C1\u03B9\u03C8\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C8\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03B4\u03B5\u03B9\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03BB\u03B9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03B4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AC\u03C2. \u039F \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 \u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CE\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C7\u03C1\u03AE\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C0\u03B5\u03B9\u03C1\u03B1\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03CC\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B1\u03B9\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03BB\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B6\u03C9\u03AE\u03C2 . \u0395\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03CD\u03C9\u03BD \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B5\u03B3\u03B3\u03CD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 (propinquity)."@el . "163296"^^ . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (8 May 1919 \u2013 11 February 1989) was an American social psychologist, perhaps best known for cognitive dissonance and social comparison theory. His theories and research are credited with renouncing the previously dominant behaviorist view of social psychology by demonstrating the inadequacy of stimulus-response conditioning accounts of human behavior. Festinger is also credited with advancing the use of laboratory experimentation in social psychology, although he simultaneously stressed the importance of studying real-life situations, a principle he perhaps most famously practiced when personally infiltrating a doomsday cult. He is also known in social network theory for the (or propinquity). Festinger studied psychology under Kurt Lewin, an important figure in modern social psychology, at the University of Iowa, graduating in 1941; however, he did not develop an interest in social psychology until after joining the faculty at Lewin's Research Center for Group Dynamics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1945. Despite his preeminence in social psychology, Festinger turned to visual perception research in 1964 and then archaeology, history, and the human evolutionary sciences in 1979 until his death in 1989. Following B. F. Skinner, Jean Piaget, Sigmund Freud, and Albert Bandura, Festinger was the fifth most cited psychologist of the 20th century."@en . "Leon Festinger (New York, 8 mei 1919 \u2013 aldaar, 11 februari 1989) was een Amerikaanse sociaal psycholoog. Hij is beroemd geworden vanwege zijn theorie over cognitieve dissonantie. Festinger heeft zijn bacheloropleiding afgerond aan het City College of New York in 1939. Na het afronden van zijn master promoveerde hij aan de University of Iowa in 1942 onder begeleiding van Kurt Lewin. Naast zijn werk over cognitieve dissonantie geniet Festinger ook bekendheid vanwege zijn (en: social comparison theory), die zegt dat mensen zichzelf voornamelijk beoordelen door zichzelf met anderen te vergelijken.In 1971 was hij een semester gastprofessor aan de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, bij Jozef Nuttin."@nl . "\u30EC\u30AA\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30A7\u30B9\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30AC\u30FC\uFF08Leon Festinger, 1919\u5E745\u67088\u65E5 - 1989\u5E742\u670811\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u793E\u4F1A\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u3092\u7814\u7A76\u3002"@ja . . . . "Leon Festinger (New York, 8 maggio 1919 \u2013 New York, 11 febbraio 1989) \u00E8 stato uno psicologo e sociologo statunitense. Egli \u00E8 forse meglio noto per la Dissonanza cognitiva e la Teoria Del Confronto Sociale. Alle sue teorie e ricerche \u00E8 stato riconosciuto il merito di aver superato il punto di vista comportamentista che in precedenza dominava la psicologia sociale, dimostrando l'inadeguatezza dello schema \"stimolo-risposta\" per comprendere e determinare il comportamento umano. Festinger \u00E8 anche conosciuto per aver favorito l'uso del laboratorio per gli esperimenti in psicologia sociale, nonostante allo stesso tempo egli abbia evidenziato l'importanza dello studio di situazioni di vita reale, tecnica che ha messo in pratica quando si \u00E8 infiltrato nella setta di un culto apocalittico per studi"@it . "\u041B\u0435\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0491\u0435\u0440"@uk . . "41552"^^ . . . . . "\u5229\u6602\u00B7\u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C\uFF08Leon Festinger\uFF0C1919\u5E745\u67088\u65E5\uFF0D1989\u5E742\u670811\u65E5\uFF09\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u7F8E\u56FD\u793E\u4F1A\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4EE5\u5176\u8BA4\u77E5\u5931\u8C03\u7406\u8BBA\u8457\u79F0\uFF081957\u5E74\uFF09\u3002 \u5728\u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C\u4E00\u751F\u4E2D\uFF0C\u66FE\u4EFB\u6559\u4E8E\u7F8E\u56FD\u591A\u6240\u5927\u5B66\uFF0C\u5305\u62EC\u7231\u8377\u534E\u5927\u5B66\u3001\u7F57\u5F7B\u65AF\u7279\u5927\u5B66\u3001\u9EBB\u7701\u7406\u5DE5\u5B66\u9662\u3001\u660E\u5C3C\u82CF\u8FBE\u5927\u5B66\u3001\u5BC6\u6B47\u6839\u5927\u5B66\u548C\u65AF\u5766\u798F\u5927\u5B66\u3002 \u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C\u4EE5\u5176\u8BA4\u77E5\u5931\u8C03\u7406\u8BBA\u8457\u79F0\u3002"@zh . . . "Leon Festinger, f\u00F6dd 8 maj 1919 i Brooklyn, New York, d\u00F6d 11 februari 1989, var en amerikansk socialpsykolog. Han \u00E4r mest k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r att ha utvecklat teorier om kognitiv dissonans och . I en rapport fr\u00E5n 2002 listar det amerikanska psykologf\u00F6rbundet Festinger som nummer fem p\u00E5 en lista \u00F6ver de mest citerade psykologerna under 1900-talet."@sv . . "Leon Festinger"@ca . . . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger, n\u00E9 le 8 mai 1919 et mort le 11 f\u00E9vrier 1989 \u00E0 New York est un psychosociologue am\u00E9ricain. Auteur de la th\u00E9orie de la comparaison sociale et de la th\u00E9orie de la dissonance cognitive, il est \u00E9galement pionnier pour l'utilisation de m\u00E9thodologies exp\u00E9rimentales en psychologie sociale."@fr . . . "Leon Festinger (Nova York, 8 de maig de 1919 \u2013 Nova York, 11 de febrer de 1989) Psic\u00F2leg social nord-americ\u00E0"@ca . "1989-02-11"^^ . "Leon Festinger, n\u00E9 le 8 mai 1919 et mort le 11 f\u00E9vrier 1989 \u00E0 New York est un psychosociologue am\u00E9ricain. Auteur de la th\u00E9orie de la comparaison sociale et de la th\u00E9orie de la dissonance cognitive, il est \u00E9galement pionnier pour l'utilisation de m\u00E9thodologies exp\u00E9rimentales en psychologie sociale."@fr . "\uB808\uC628 \uD398\uC2A4\uD305\uAC70"@ko . . "Leon Festinger, f\u00F6dd 8 maj 1919 i Brooklyn, New York, d\u00F6d 11 februari 1989, var en amerikansk socialpsykolog. Han \u00E4r mest k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r att ha utvecklat teorier om kognitiv dissonans och . I en rapport fr\u00E5n 2002 listar det amerikanska psykologf\u00F6rbundet Festinger som nummer fem p\u00E5 en lista \u00F6ver de mest citerade psykologerna under 1900-talet."@sv . . . "Leon Festinger (New York, 8 mei 1919 \u2013 aldaar, 11 februari 1989) was een Amerikaanse sociaal psycholoog. Hij is beroemd geworden vanwege zijn theorie over cognitieve dissonantie. Festinger heeft zijn bacheloropleiding afgerond aan het City College of New York in 1939. Na het afronden van zijn master promoveerde hij aan de University of Iowa in 1942 onder begeleiding van Kurt Lewin. Naast zijn werk over cognitieve dissonantie geniet Festinger ook bekendheid vanwege zijn (en: social comparison theory), die zegt dat mensen zichzelf voornamelijk beoordelen door zichzelf met anderen te vergelijken.In 1971 was hij een semester gastprofessor aan de Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, bij Jozef Nuttin."@nl . . "Leon Festinger (8 May 1919 \u2013 11 February 1989) was an American social psychologist, perhaps best known for cognitive dissonance and social comparison theory. His theories and research are credited with renouncing the previously dominant behaviorist view of social psychology by demonstrating the inadequacy of stimulus-response conditioning accounts of human behavior. Festinger is also credited with advancing the use of laboratory experimentation in social psychology, although he simultaneously stressed the importance of studying real-life situations, a principle he perhaps most famously practiced when personally infiltrating a doomsday cult. He is also known in social network theory for the (or propinquity)."@en . "Leon Festinger (Nueva York, 8 de mayo de 1919-Nueva York, 11 de febrero de 1989) fue un psic\u00F3logo social estadounidense."@es . "Leon Festinger"@en . "Leon Festinger (8 de maio de 1919 - 11 de fevereiro de 1989) foi um psic\u00F3logo da cidade de Nova Iorque que se tornou famoso pelo desenvolvimento da Teoria da Disson\u00E2ncia Cognitiva. Festinger se tornou bacharel em ci\u00EAncia pelo City College de Nova Iorque em 1939. Ap\u00F3s completar seus estudos na gradua\u00E7\u00E3o, ingressou na Universidade de Iowa e recebeu seu t\u00EDtulo de Ph.D em 1942."@pt . . . . . "Leon Festinger"@fr . . . . "\uB808\uC628 \uD398\uC2A4\uD305\uAC70(Leon Festinger, 1919\uB144 5\uC6D4 8\uC77C~1989\uB144 2\uC6D4 11\uC77C)\uB294 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uC0AC\uD68C\uC2EC\uB9AC\uD559\uC790\uB85C\uC11C \uC778\uC9C0\uBD80\uC870\uD654(cognitive dissonance)\uC640 \uC0AC\uD68C\uBE44\uAD50\uC774\uB860(social comparison theory)\uC73C\uB85C \uC798 \uC54C\uB824\uC838 \uC788\uB2E4. \uADF8\uC758 \uC774\uB860\uACFC \uC5F0\uAD6C\uB294 \uC778\uAC04\uC758 \uD589\uB3D9\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC790\uADF9\uACFC \uBC18\uC751\uC744 \uBCF4\uC5EC\uC90C\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uC0AC\uD68C \uC2EC\uB9AC\uD559\uC758 \uC9C0\uBC30\uC801\uC778 \uD589\uB3D9 \uC8FC\uC758\uC801 \uACAC\uD574\uB97C \uBCF4\uC5EC\uC900 \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (8 de maio de 1919 - 11 de fevereiro de 1989) foi um psic\u00F3logo da cidade de Nova Iorque que se tornou famoso pelo desenvolvimento da Teoria da Disson\u00E2ncia Cognitiva. Festinger se tornou bacharel em ci\u00EAncia pelo City College de Nova Iorque em 1939. Ap\u00F3s completar seus estudos na gradua\u00E7\u00E3o, ingressou na Universidade de Iowa e recebeu seu t\u00EDtulo de Ph.D em 1942. Kurt Lewin, aclamado como o pai da psicologia social orientou Festinger. O psic\u00F3logo novaiorquino tamb\u00E9m desenvolveu a teoria da compara\u00E7\u00E3o social, na qual segundo ele, as pessoas avaliam seus desejos e opini\u00F5es atrav\u00E9s da compara\u00E7\u00E3o com outros indiv\u00EDduos."@pt . "Leon Festinger"@es . . "1942"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (Nova York, 8 de maig de 1919 \u2013 Nova York, 11 de febrer de 1989) Psic\u00F2leg social nord-americ\u00E0"@ca . . "Experimental test of a theory of decision"@en . . . "Leon Festinger (ur. 8 maja 1919 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 11 lutego 1989 tam\u017Ce) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ski psycholog spo\u0142eczny. Syn pochodz\u0105cych z Rosji \u017Cydowskich imigrant\u00F3w; studiowa\u0142 na University of Iowa, gdzie by\u0142 uczniem Kurta Lewina; wraz z Lewinem prowadzi\u0142 prace badawcze nad dynamik\u0105 grup w Massachusetts Institute of Technology; po \u015Bmierci Lewina w 1947 przeni\u00F3s\u0142 si\u0119 na University of Michigan; zosta\u0142 profesorem; pracowa\u0142 jeszcze na University of Minnesota i Uniwersytecie Stanforda; w 1968 wr\u00F3ci\u0142 do Nowego Jorku gdzie zmar\u0142 11 lutego 1989 roku. Prowadzi\u0142 badania z dziedziny psychologii spo\u0142ecznej. Jest tw\u00F3rc\u0105 teorii dysonansu poznawczego i . Jego uczniem by\u0142 Jack Brehm, tw\u00F3rca teorii reaktancji."@pl . . . . . "\uB808\uC628 \uD398\uC2A4\uD305\uAC70(Leon Festinger, 1919\uB144 5\uC6D4 8\uC77C~1989\uB144 2\uC6D4 11\uC77C)\uB294 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uC0AC\uD68C\uC2EC\uB9AC\uD559\uC790\uB85C\uC11C \uC778\uC9C0\uBD80\uC870\uD654(cognitive dissonance)\uC640 \uC0AC\uD68C\uBE44\uAD50\uC774\uB860(social comparison theory)\uC73C\uB85C \uC798 \uC54C\uB824\uC838 \uC788\uB2E4. \uADF8\uC758 \uC774\uB860\uACFC \uC5F0\uAD6C\uB294 \uC778\uAC04\uC758 \uD589\uB3D9\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC790\uADF9\uACFC \uBC18\uC751\uC744 \uBCF4\uC5EC\uC90C\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uC0AC\uD68C \uC2EC\uB9AC\uD559\uC758 \uC9C0\uBC30\uC801\uC778 \uD589\uB3D9 \uC8FC\uC758\uC801 \uACAC\uD574\uB97C \uBCF4\uC5EC\uC900 \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . "Leon Festinger (ur. 8 maja 1919 w Nowym Jorku, zm. 11 lutego 1989 tam\u017Ce) \u2013 ameryka\u0144ski psycholog spo\u0142eczny. Syn pochodz\u0105cych z Rosji \u017Cydowskich imigrant\u00F3w; studiowa\u0142 na University of Iowa, gdzie by\u0142 uczniem Kurta Lewina; wraz z Lewinem prowadzi\u0142 prace badawcze nad dynamik\u0105 grup w Massachusetts Institute of Technology; po \u015Bmierci Lewina w 1947 przeni\u00F3s\u0142 si\u0119 na University of Michigan; zosta\u0142 profesorem; pracowa\u0142 jeszcze na University of Minnesota i Uniwersytecie Stanforda; w 1968 wr\u00F3ci\u0142 do Nowego Jorku gdzie zmar\u0142 11 lutego 1989 roku."@pl . . . . . "Leon Festinger"@de . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (* 8. Mai 1919 in New York City; \u2020 11. Februar 1989 ebenda) war ein US-amerikanischer Sozialpsychologe, der haupts\u00E4chlich durch seine Theorie der kognitiven Dissonanz, die Theorie des sozialen Vergleichs und seine Experimente bekannt wurde."@de . "1120693854"^^ . . "Leon Festinger"@sv . . "Leon Festinger"@eu . . . . . "\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0633\u062A\u0646\u063A\u0631"@ar . . . . "\u039F \u039B\u03AF\u03BF\u03BD \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 (8 \u039C\u03B1\u0390\u03BF\u03C5 1919 - 11 \u03A6\u03B5\u03B2\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1989) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u0391\u03BC\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, \u03AF\u03C3\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2. \u039F\u03B9 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC\u03C1\u03C1\u03B9\u03C8\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03B7\u03B3\u03BF\u03CD\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03AC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C8\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03B4\u03B5\u03B9\u03BE\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03BA\u03B5\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03BB\u03B9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03B4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03B9\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AC\u03C2. \u039F \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 \u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CE\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C7\u03C1\u03AE\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03C0\u03B5\u03B9\u03C1\u03B1\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03CC\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5\u03B4\u03B1\u03B9\u03CC\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5\u03BB\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03AC\u03C3\u03B5\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03B1\u03B3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B6\u03C9\u03AE\u03C2 . \u0395\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CE\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03CD\u03C9\u03BD \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B5\u03B3\u03B3\u03CD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C4\u03B1\u03C2 (propinquity). \u039F \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03CD\u03B4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD , \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C3\u03CD\u03B3\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2, \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03C6\u03BF\u03AF\u03C4\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF 1941. \u03A9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C3\u03BF, \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03AD\u03C0\u03C4\u03C5\u03BE\u03B5 \u03B9\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03AF\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03BF \u03B5\u03BD\u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C6\u03AD\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03CC\u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B5\u03B9\u03C3\u03AE\u03BB\u03B8\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF Lewin's Research Center for Group Dynamics \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0399\u03BD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C4\u03BF \u03A4\u03B5\u03C7\u03BD\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039C\u03B1\u03C3\u03B1\u03C7\u03BF\u03C5\u03C3\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1945. \u03A0\u03B1\u03C1\u03AC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03C3\u03C7\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7\u03C3\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03BF \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03AC\u03C6\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03AD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C0\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03BB\u03B7\u03C8\u03B7\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1964 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03C0\u03B5\u03B9\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B1\u03B9\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF 1979 \u03BC\u03AD\u03C7\u03C1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03B8\u03AC\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C4\u03BF 1989. \u039C\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2 \u039C\u03C0. \u03A6. \u03A3\u03BA\u03AF\u03BD\u03B5\u03C1, \u0396\u03B1\u03BD \u03A0\u03B9\u03B1\u03B6\u03AD, \u03A3\u03AF\u03B3\u03BA\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4 \u03A6\u03C1\u03CC\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u0386\u03BB\u03BC\u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03C4 \u039C\u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C1\u03B1, \u03BF \u03A6\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BD\u03B3\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03B5\u03AF\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF \u03C0\u03AD\u03BC\u03C0\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BB\u03AD\u03BF\u03BD \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C6\u03B5\u03C1\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C8\u03C5\u03C7\u03BF\u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 20\u03BF\u03CD \u03B1\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD\u03B1."@el . . . . . "\u5229\u6602\u00B7\u8D39\u65AF\u5EF7\u683C"@zh . . . . "\u041B\u0435\u043E\u0301\u043D \u0424\u0435\u0301\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0435\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Leon Festinger; 8 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1919, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A \u2014 11 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F 1989, \u041D\u044C\u044E-\u0419\u043E\u0440\u043A) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0441\u043F\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043C\u044B\u0448\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0433\u043D\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043E\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0441\u0430."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger"@pt . . . . . "Leon Festinger"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0633\u062A\u0646\u063A\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Leon Festinger)\u200F (8 \u0645\u0627\u064A\u0648 1919 - 11 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064A\u0631 1989)\u060C \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0627\u062D\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0643\u0648\u064A\u0646 \u060C \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062A \u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u062F\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0629. \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0634\u062A\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0633\u062A\u0646\u063A\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062A\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0634\u064A\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062F\u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0645\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062E\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064D \u0644\u0627 \u062A\u0646\u0633\u062C\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F\u0627\u062A\u0647\u0645\u060C \u064A\u062D\u062F\u062B \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062C \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064A \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u064A\u062D. \u0648\u0633\u064A\u0624\u062F\u064A \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062C \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F\u0627\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u062D\u062A\u0649 \u062A\u062A\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0628\u062F\u0644\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u062A\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062D\u064A\u062B \u062A\u062A\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641."@ar . "Leon Festinger"@en . "Leon Festinger (8. kv\u011Btna 1919 \u2013 11. \u00FAnora 1989) byl americk\u00FD soci\u00E1ln\u00ED psycholog, zn\u00E1m\u00FD p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm svou teori\u00ED kognitivn\u00ED disonance, kterou prvn\u011B formuloval roku 1956 v knize When Prophecy Fails a za rok rozvinul v pr\u00E1ci Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. K jeho m\u00E9n\u011B zn\u00E1m\u00FDm koncepc\u00EDm pat\u0159\u00ED teorie soci\u00E1ln\u00EDho srovn\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED, kterou formuloval roku 1954 \u010Di tzv. , kter\u00FD definoval roku 1950 spolu se sv\u00FDmi studenty Stanley Schachterem a Kurtem Backem. Velmi se zaslou\u017Eil o vstup experimentu do soci\u00E1ln\u00ED psychologie, v\u011Bt\u0161ina jeho teori\u00ED vznikla na z\u00E1klad\u011B experiment\u016F s jeho studenty. Byl 5. nejcitovan\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm psychologem ve 20. stolet\u00ED."@cs . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger"@en . . . . . . . "Leon Festinger (New York, 1919ko maiatzaren 8a \u2013 ib., 1989ko otsailaren 11) psikologo sozial estatubatuarra izan zen, bere disonantzia kognitibo eta konparazio sozialen teoriengatik ezaguna."@eu . . . . . . .