. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062C\u0648\u0646 \u062A\u0634\u0631\u0634\u0644 (\u062F\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644)"@ar . "John Churchill (1. ksi\u0105\u017C\u0119 Marlborough)"@pl . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E3\u30FC\u30C1\u30EB (\u521D\u4EE3\u30DE\u30FC\u30EB\u30D0\u30E9\u516C)"@ja . . . . . "John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough KG, PC (Ash, 26 maggio 1650 \u2013 Windsor Lodge, 16 giugno 1722), \u00E8 stato un generale e politico britannico. La sua carriera si estese lungo il regno di cinque sovrani, da Carlo II Stuart a Giorgio I di Hannover. Inizi\u00F2 a farsi notare durante il regno di Carlo II, ma fu con re Giacomo II, suo protettore quando era Duca di York, che ottenne i primi veri riconoscimenti, divenendo il maggior generale dell'esercito regio. Nel 1685, quando Giacomo II divenne re, Churchill gioc\u00F2 un ruolo fondamentale nel soffocare la ribellione di Monmouth ed assicurare l'autorit\u00E0 del re ma nel 1688 trad\u00EC il sovrano schierandosi dalla parte dei protestanti e di Guglielmo d'Orange e Maria II Stuart. Guglielmo d'Orange, divenuto re con il nome di Guglielmo III, lo nomin\u00F2 conte di Marlborough e lo incaric\u00F2 di comandare le truppe inglesi in Irlanda durante la guerra della Grande Alleanza; la posizione del Conte rimase di una certa importanza a corte, sebbene non avesse ricevuto incarichi militari di grande rilevanza, sino alla scoperta di un carteggio che provava i contatti che Churchill teneva con l'esiliato Giacomo II e con i giacobiti: venne cos\u00EC arrestato ed imprigionato nella Torre di Londra, ma vi rimase per breve tempo. Liberato nel 1694 grazie anche all'influenza della moglie Sarah, amica e confidente della futura regina Anna Stuart, Churchill venne reintegrato nei suoi possedimenti e titoli, ricevendo inoltre il titolo di Capitano Generale dell'esercito inglese e partecipando alla guerra di successione spagnola, contro re Luigi XIV ottenendo le brillanti vittorie che lo immortalarono come uno dei maggiori generali della storia. Ricevuto il titolo di Duca di Marlborough e la residenza di Blenheim Palace (luogo di nascita del suo discendente Sir Winston Churchill), si ritir\u00F2 a vita privata nel 1711, a causa dell'opposizione di molti membri della corte. Tuttavia torn\u00F2 sulla scena pubblica sotto il regno di Giorgio I. Colpito da un ictus, si spense nel 1722, all'et\u00E0 di settantadue anni. L'ambizione insaziabile di Marlborough lo rese il pu\u00F2 ricco dei sudditi della regina Anna, e le sue parentele lo posero al centro della politica europea (sua sorella Arabella fu a lungo l'amante di Giacomo II e il loro figlio, il duca di Berwick divenne uno dei pi\u00F9 abili marescialli di Luigi XIV). La capace leadership di Marlborough, che riusc\u00EC con le sue doti diplomatiche a tenere insieme una eterogenea coalizione sotto la guida britannica, segn\u00F2 il ritorno dell'Inghilterra come potenza europea di primo piano, cosa che non era pi\u00F9 stata dalla fine della Guerra dei cent'anni. Nel corso di dieci successive campagne militari durante la guerra di successione spagnola il Duca, attraverso profonde innovazioni tattiche e logistiche, trasform\u00F2 anche l'esercito inglese, rendendolo per la prima volta dopo secoli una potente forza operativa in grado di operare sul continente europeo. Sebbene non sia riuscito ad ottenere la totale capitolazione del suo grande nemico, il Re Sole di Francia, Marlborough \u00E8 stato una figura di primaria importanza nella storia del suo Paese e dell'Europa, avendo assicurato la fine dei sogni egemonici di Luigi XIV e, cos\u00EC facendo, avendo posto le basi per l'ascesa dell'Inghilterra a potenza globale. Assieme ad Alessandro Magno e a Scipione l'Africano fu l'unico condottiero che concluse la carriera imbattuto."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Anne Spencer, Countess of Sunderland"@en . . "General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, KG, PC (26 May 1650 \u2013 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs. From a gentry family, he served first as a page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill."@en . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u044C (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Churchill; 26 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1650 \u2014 16 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1722) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0446\u044C \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u0447, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B. \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446 \u041C\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0433\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u0423 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E \u00AB\u041A\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u043B \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D\u00BB."@uk . . . . "\uC81C1\uB300 \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC \uACF5\uC791 \uC874 \uCC98\uCE60(John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG(1650\uB144 5\uC6D4 26\uC77C - 1722\uB144 6\uC6D4 16\uC77C(O.S)\uC740 17\uC138\uAE30\uB9D0\uBD80\uD130 18\uC138\uAE30 \uCD08 5\uBA85\uC758 \uAD70\uC8FC\uC758 \uCE58\uC138\uB3D9\uC548 \uD65C\uC57D\uD588\uB358 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uAD70\uC778\uC774\uC790 \uC815\uCE58\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uC2A4\uD29C\uC5B4\uD2B8 \uC655\uAD81\uC5D0\uC11C \uB0AE\uC740 \uC2E0\uBD84\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2DC\uC791\uD588\uC73C\uB098, \uC804\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uBCF4\uC778 \uD0C1\uC6D4\uD55C \uC6A9\uAE30\uC640 \uB450\uB4DC\uB7EC\uC9C4 \uD65C\uC57D\uC744 \uADF8\uC758 \uAD70\uC8FC\uC774\uC790 \uC2A4\uC2B9\uC778 \uC694\uD06C \uACF5\uC791 \uC81C\uC784\uC2A4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uC77C\uCC0D\uD788 \uC778\uC815\uBC1B\uC544 \uBE60\uB978 \uC2B9\uC9C4\uC744 \uAC70\uB4ED\uD558\uBA70 \uB5A0\uC62C\uB790\uB2E4. 1685\uB144 \uC81C\uC784\uC2A4\uAC00 \uC655\uC774 \uB418\uC790, \uCC98\uCE60\uC740 (Duke of Monmouth's)\uC758 \uBC18\uB780\uC744 \uC9C4\uC555\uD558\uB294 \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC784\uBB34\uB97C \uC218\uD589\uD588\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 3\uB144 \uD6C4 \uCC98\uCE60\uC740 \uADF8\uC758 \uAC00\uD1A8\uB9AD \uC655\uC744 \uBC84\uB9AC\uACE0 \uD504\uB85C\uD14C\uC2A4\uD0C4\uD2B8\uC778 \uC624\uB77C\uB15C\uC758 \uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB85C \uAC14\uB2E4. \uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4 \uB300\uAD00\uC2DD\uC5D0\uC11C \uCC98\uCE60\uC740 \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC \uBC31\uC791(Earl of Marlborough;\uBC1C\uC74C/\u02BCm\u0254\u02D0l.b\u0279\u0259/) \uC791\uC704\uB97C \uC218\uC5EC\uBC1B\uC558\uB2E4. \uCC98\uCE60\uC740 9\uB144 \uC804\uC7C1 \uAE30\uAC04 \uC544\uC77C\uB79C\uB4DC\uC640 \uD50C\uB791\uB4DC\uB974\uC5D0\uC11C \uC6B0\uC218\uD568\uC744 \uBCF4\uC5EC\uC8FC\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB807\uC9C0\uB9CC \uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4\uACFC \uBA54\uB9AC\uC758 \uCE58\uC138 \uB3D9\uC548 \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC\uC640 \uADF8\uC758 \uC601\uD5A5\uB825 \uC788\uB294 \uC544\uB0B4 \uC0AC\uB77C(Sarah)\uB294 \uADF8\uB4E4\uACFC\uB294 \uC57D\uAC04 \uB0C9\uB7AD\uD55C \uAD00\uACC4\uB97C \uC720\uC9C0\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uC774\uD6C4 \uAD6D\uC678\uCD94\uBC29\uB41C \uC81C\uC784\uC2A4 \uC655\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uACF5\uBAA8 \uD610\uC758\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uD53C\uD574\uB85C \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC\uB294 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uB0B4\uC815\uACFC \uAD70\uC0AC \uAD00\uC9C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uD574\uC784\uB418\uACE0, \uC77C\uC2DC\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uB7F0\uB358 \uD0D1\uC5D0 \uC218\uAC10\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB2E4\uB9CC \uBA54\uB9AC\uAC00 \uC8FD\uC740 \uB4A4 \uB610 \uD558\uB098\uC758 \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC720\uB7FD\uC758 \uC804\uC7C1\uC774 \uB2E4\uAC00\uC624\uB294 \uC9D5\uD6C4\uB97C \uBCF4\uC774\uC790, \uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4\uC740 \uD638\uC758\uB97C \uBCA0\uD480\uC5B4 \uADF8\uB97C \uB2E4\uC2DC \uBD88\uB7EC\uB4E4\uC600\uB2E4. \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC\uC758 \uC601\uD5A5\uB825\uC740 \uC564 \uC5EC\uC655\uC758 \uC624\uB79C \uCE5C\uAD6C\uC778 \uC544\uB0B4 \uC0AC\uB77C\uAC00 \uAD81\uC804\uC5D0 \uB4E4\uC5B4\uAC00\uBA74\uC11C \uC815\uC810\uC5D0 \uB2EC\uD588\uB2E4. \uC601\uAD6D \uAD70\uB300\uC758 \uB300\uC7A5(Captain-General)\uC73C\uB85C \uC2B9\uC9C4\uD558\uBA74\uC11C \uC774\uC5B4 \uACF5\uC791(Duke)\uC774 \uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uC2A4\uD398\uC778 \uC655\uC704 \uACC4\uC2B9 \uC804\uC7C1 \uAE30\uAC04 \uBE14\uB808\uB118, \uB77C\uBBF8\uC608\uC640 \uC624\uC6B0\uB370\uB098\uB974\uB370 \uC804\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uBCF4\uC778 \uD65C\uC57D\uC73C\uB85C \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC\uB294 \uAD6D\uC81C\uC801\uC778 \uBA85\uC131\uC744 \uC5BB\uC5B4 \uC5ED\uC0AC\uC18D\uC5D0\uC11C \uADF8\uC758 \uC9C0\uC704\uB294 \uC720\uB7FD\uC758 \uC704\uB300\uD55C \uC7A5\uAD70\uB4E4 \uC911 \uD55C\uBA85\uC73C\uB85C \uAE30\uB85D\uB418\uAC8C \uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 \uC544\uB0B4 \uC0AC\uB77C\uAC00 \uC564 \uC5EC\uC655\uC758 \uCD1D\uC560\uC640 \uC655\uC2E4\uC758 \uC740\uCD1D\uC744 \uC783\uAC8C\uB418\uACE0, \uD1A0\uB9AC\uB2F9\uC774 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC640 \uD3C9\uD654\uB97C \uB9FA\uAE30\uB85C \uACB0\uC2EC\uD558\uBA74\uC11C \uADF8\uB97C \uC555\uBC15\uD574 \uC2E4\uAC01\uC2DC\uCF30\uB2E4. \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC\uB294 \uD6A1\uB839(embezzlement) \uD610\uC758\uB85C \uC778\uD574 \uB0B4\uC815\uACFC \uAD70\uC0AC \uAD00\uC9C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uD574\uC784\uB418\uC5C8\uC9C0\uB9CC \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 1714\uB144 \uC655\uC704\uB97C \uACC4\uC2B9\uD55C \uC870\uC9C0 1\uC138 \uB54C \uC655\uC2E4\uC758 \uCD1D\uC560\uB97C \uB418\uCC3E\uC558\uB2E4. \uBE44\uB85D \uADF8\uB294 \uC774\uC804\uC758 \uAD00\uC9C1\uC744 \uB418\uCC3E\uC558\uC73C\uB098 \uC774\uBBF8 \uAC74\uAC15\uC774 \uC545\uD654\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uB1CC\uC878\uC911(strokes)\uC758 \uC5EC\uD30C\uB85C \uC778\uD574 \uACB0\uAD6D \uBCD1\uC73C\uB85C \uC4F0\uB7EC\uC838 1722\uB144 6\uC6D4 16\uC77C (Windsor lodge)\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Two wyverns wings elevated gules, collared and chained sable, each collar charged with three escallops argent. These are derived from the arms of the Duke's mother's family, Drake of Ash ."@en . . . . . . . . . "\u062C\u0648\u0646 \u062A\u0634\u0631\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060C \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648\u060C \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062F\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064A\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064A \u0648\u0650\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064F \u0631\u064E\u0628\u0637\u064E\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0642 (Order of the Garter) \u0648\u0645\u062C\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0635 ( \u200E/\u200F\u02C8m\u0251rlb\u0259r\u0259\u200E/\u200F \u0648\u063A\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062A\u064F\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u200E/\u200F\u02C8m\u0254:lbr\u0259\u200E/\u200F. \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 26 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u064A\u0648 1650\u0645 \u2013 16 \u0645\u0646 \u064A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648 1722\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062C\u0646\u062F\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062C\u0644 \u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0645\u062A\u062F\u062A \u062D\u064A\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0638\u0644 \u062D\u0643\u0645 \u062E\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643. \u0628\u062F\u0623 \u062D\u064A\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0635\u064A\u0641 \u0628\u0633\u064A\u0637 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064A \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u062A\u064A\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062A\u060C \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u062C\u064A\u0645\u0633\u060C \u062F\u0648\u0642 \u064A\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1670 \u0648\u062D\u062A\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 1680\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0634\u062C\u0627\u0639\u062A\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0627\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0639 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A\u064B\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062F \u062A\u0634\u0631\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u062F\u0639\u064A\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062C\u064A\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062A\u0645\u0631\u062F \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0648\u062B \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1685. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0645\u0636\u064A \u062B\u0644\u0627\u062B \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062A \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060C \u062A\u062E\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0639\u064A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062B\u0648\u0644\u064A\u0643\u064A \u0648\u062A\u0639\u0647\u062F \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062A\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0646\u062A\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062F\u064A \u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062C. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062E\u062F\u0645\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0634\u060C \u0641\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u064A\u0631\u0644\u0627\u064B \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u062A\u0645\u064A\u0632 \u062A\u0634\u0631\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062F\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631"@ar . . . . . . . . "John Churchill"@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "7"^^ . . . . "Sable a lion rampant argent on a canton of the last a cross gules."@en . . . . . . . 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\u0627\u0646\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062A\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u062A \u0628\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u062D\u0648\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649\u060C \u0648\u062D\u0642\u0642\u062A \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062E\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062F\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631."@ar . "Henrietta Godolphin, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough"@en . . . . . . . . . . "\uC81C1\uB300 \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC \uACF5\uC791 \uC874 \uCC98\uCE60(John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG(1650\uB144 5\uC6D4 26\uC77C - 1722\uB144 6\uC6D4 16\uC77C(O.S)\uC740 17\uC138\uAE30\uB9D0\uBD80\uD130 18\uC138\uAE30 \uCD08 5\uBA85\uC758 \uAD70\uC8FC\uC758 \uCE58\uC138\uB3D9\uC548 \uD65C\uC57D\uD588\uB358 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uAD70\uC778\uC774\uC790 \uC815\uCE58\uAC00\uC774\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uC789\uAE00\uB79C\uB4DC\uC758 \uC2A4\uD29C\uC5B4\uD2B8 \uC655\uAD81\uC5D0\uC11C \uB0AE\uC740 \uC2E0\uBD84\uC5D0\uC11C \uC2DC\uC791\uD588\uC73C\uB098, \uC804\uC7A5\uC5D0\uC11C \uBCF4\uC778 \uD0C1\uC6D4\uD55C \uC6A9\uAE30\uC640 \uB450\uB4DC\uB7EC\uC9C4 \uD65C\uC57D\uC744 \uADF8\uC758 \uAD70\uC8FC\uC774\uC790 \uC2A4\uC2B9\uC778 \uC694\uD06C \uACF5\uC791 \uC81C\uC784\uC2A4\uC5D0\uAC8C \uC77C\uCC0D\uD788 \uC778\uC815\uBC1B\uC544 \uBE60\uB978 \uC2B9\uC9C4\uC744 \uAC70\uB4ED\uD558\uBA70 \uB5A0\uC62C\uB790\uB2E4. 1685\uB144 \uC81C\uC784\uC2A4\uAC00 \uC655\uC774 \uB418\uC790, \uCC98\uCE60\uC740 (Duke of Monmouth's)\uC758 \uBC18\uB780\uC744 \uC9C4\uC555\uD558\uB294 \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC784\uBB34\uB97C \uC218\uD589\uD588\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uADF8\uB7EC\uB098 3\uB144 \uD6C4 \uCC98\uCE60\uC740 \uADF8\uC758 \uAC00\uD1A8\uB9AD \uC655\uC744 \uBC84\uB9AC\uACE0 \uD504\uB85C\uD14C\uC2A4\uD0C4\uD2B8\uC778 \uC624\uB77C\uB15C\uC758 \uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB85C \uAC14\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . "* Franco-Dutch War\n** Battle of Solebay\n** Siege of Maastricht\n* Monmouth Rebellion\n** Battle of Sedgemoor\n* Nine Years' War\n** Battle of Walcourt\n* Williamite War in Ireland\n** Siege of Cork\n* War of the Spanish Succession\n** Battle of Schellenberg\n** Battle of Blenheim\n** Battle of Elixheim\n** Battle of Ramillies\n** Battle of Oudenarde\n** Siege of Lille\n** Battle of Malplaquet\n** Siege of Bouchain"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, n\u00E9 le 26 mai 1650 \u00E0 Musbury en Angleterre et mort le 16 juin 1722 \u00E0 Cumberland Lodge en Angleterre, comte puis 1er duc de Marlborough, est un g\u00E9n\u00E9ral et homme politique anglais dont la carri\u00E8re s\u2019\u00E9tend sur le r\u00E8gne de cinq monarques du XVIIe au XVIIIe si\u00E8cle. D\u2019abord page \u00E0 la cour de la maison Stuart, il sert loyalement le duc d'York au cours des ann\u00E9es 1670 et au d\u00E9but des ann\u00E9es 1680, gagnant promotions militaires et politiques par son courage et son habilet\u00E9 diplomatique. Son r\u00F4le dans la d\u00E9faite de la r\u00E9bellion de Monmouth en 1685 contribue \u00E0 l\u2019accession de Jacques II au tr\u00F4ne, mais Churchill abandonne trois ans plus tard son mentor catholique pour les protestants hollandais et Guillaume d'Orange. R\u00E9compens\u00E9 pour son aide \u00E0 l\u2019accession au tr\u00F4ne de Guillaume III avec le"@fr . . . . . . . "John Churchill, 1. Duke of Marlborough"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Signature.svg" . . "Mary Montagu, Duchess of Montagu"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A lion couchant guardant argent, supporting with its dexter forepaw a banner gules, charged with a dexter hand appaum\u00E9e of the first, staff Or."@en . . . . . . . . "John Churchill va ser un militar i estadista angl\u00E8s, 1r Duc de Marlborough, Pr\u00EDncep de Mindelheim, cavaller de l'Orde de la Lligacama i membre del Consell Privat del Regne Unit, la carrera del qual s'estengu\u00E9 sota cinc monarques a cavall dels segles xvii i xviii."@ca . . . . . . . "John Churchill, 1.\u00BA Duque de Marlborough, Pr\u00EDncipe de Mindelheim, Conde de Nellenburg KG, PC (Musbury, 26 de maio de 1650 \u2014 Windsor, 16 de junho de 1722) foi um militar e estadista ingl\u00EAs cuja carreira durou o reinado de cinco monarcas. Vindo de uma p\u00E1gina humilde na corte da Casa de Stuart, ele serviu Jaime, duque de Iorque, durante os anos de 1680 e in\u00EDcio de 1670, ganhando avan\u00E7o pol\u00EDtico e militar atrav\u00E9s de sua coragem e habilidade diplom\u00E1tica. O papel de Churchill em derrotar a rebeli\u00E3o de Monmouth em 1685 ajudou a manter Jaime no trono, mas apenas tr\u00EAs anos depois, ele abandonou o seu patrono cat\u00F3lico para o protestante holand\u00EAs Guilherme de Orange. Homenageado por seus servi\u00E7os na coroa\u00E7\u00E3o de Guilherme com o condado de Marlborough, serviu com distin\u00E7\u00E3o adicional nos primeiros anos da Guerra dos Nove Anos, mas as acusa\u00E7\u00F5es persistentes de jacobitismo provocou sua queda do cargo e pris\u00E3o tempor\u00E1ria na Torre de Londres. Foi s\u00F3 com a ades\u00E3o da rainha Ana da Gr\u00E3-Bretanha em 1702 que Marlborough atingiu o auge de seus poderes e garantiu a sua fama e fortuna. Seu casamento com a temperamental Sarah Jennings - amiga \u00EDntima de Ana - garantiu a ascens\u00E3o de Marlborough, pela primeira vez como Capit\u00E3o-general das for\u00E7as brit\u00E2nicas, depois de um ducado. Tornou-se l\u00EDder de facto das for\u00E7as aliadas durante a Guerra da Sucess\u00E3o Espanhola, suas vit\u00F3rias nos campos de Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenarde (1708), e Malplaquet (1709), garantiu seu lugar na hist\u00F3ria como um dos grandes generais da Europa. Mas o relacionamento de sua esposa tempestuosa com a rainha, e sua posterior demiss\u00E3o da corte, foi fundamental para a sua pr\u00F3pria queda. Incorrer em desfavor de Ana, e preso entre as fac\u00E7\u00F5es tory e whig, Marlborough, que trouxe gl\u00F3ria e sucesso ao reinado da rainha, foi retirado do cargo e foi para o ex\u00EDlio auto-imposto. Ele voltou para a Inglaterra e a influenciar a Casa de Han\u00F4ver, com a ades\u00E3o de Jorge I ao trono brit\u00E2nico em 1714. A insaci\u00E1vel ambi\u00E7\u00E3o de John Churchill fez dele o mais rico de todos os s\u00FAditos de Ana. Seus la\u00E7os familiares o levaram para o n\u00FAcleo da pol\u00EDtica europeia (sua irm\u00E3 Arabella se tornou a amante de Jaime II, e seu filho, o Duque de Berwick, emergiu como um dos maiores marechais de Lu\u00EDs XIV de Fran\u00E7a). Sua lideran\u00E7a nos ex\u00E9rcitos aliados consolidou a emergente Gr\u00E3-Bretanha como uma das mais importantes pot\u00EAncias. Ele defendeu com sucesso a unidade entre os aliados, demonstrando suas habilidades diplom\u00E1ticas. Ao longo de dez campanhas consecutivas durante a Guerra da Sucess\u00E3o Espanhola, Marlborough manteve uma coaliz\u00E3o discordante atrav\u00E9s de sua pura for\u00E7a de personalidade e levantou permanente as for\u00E7as brit\u00E2nicas a um n\u00EDvel n\u00E3o conhecido desde a Idade M\u00E9dia. Embora no final ele n\u00E3o pudesse obrigar a rendi\u00E7\u00E3o total dos seus inimigos, suas vit\u00F3rias permitiram a sua na\u00E7\u00E3o se erguer a partir de uma pequena a uma grande pot\u00EAncia, garantindo a prosperidade crescente do pa\u00EDs ao longo do s\u00E9culo XVIII."@pt . . . . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0427\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044C, 1-\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041C\u0430\u0301\u043B\u044C\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E, \u043A\u043D\u044F\u0437\u044C \u041C\u0438\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0433\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mindelheim; 26 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1650 \u2014 16 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1722) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0446 \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B-\u043A\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D (Captain-General). \u041D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0438 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044C \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043B \u043F\u044F\u0442\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u043C."@ru . "2"^^ . . . "Colonel of The Duke of Marlborough's Regiment of Foot"@en . . . . . . . . . "Windsor Lodge, Berkshire, England, Kingdom of Great Britain"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "142292"^^ . . . . "John Churchill (Devon, Ashe House, 26 mei 1650 \u2013 Windsor Lodge, 16 juni 1722), de eerste hertog van Marlborough, was een Brits veldheer in de Spaanse Successieoorlog tegen Frankrijk. Hij verloor geen enkele veldslag en werd verheven tot de eerste hertog van Marlborough. In 1677 trouwde hij met Sarah Jennings, een hofdame van de katholieke hertog van York. Toen deze enige jaren later koning werd, diende Churchill, zelf anglicaan, hem trouw. Voor zijn diensten werd hij op 21 december 1682 beloond met verheffing in de Schotse adelstand als lord Churchill of Eyemouth."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7B2C\u4E00\u4EE3\u99AC\u723E\u535A\u7F85\u516C\u7235\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u723E"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Fiel pero desdichado"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1722-06-16"^^ . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u044C (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Churchill; 26 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1650 \u2014 16 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1722) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0446\u044C \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u0447, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B. \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446 \u041C\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0433\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439. \u0423 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0456\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E \u00AB\u041A\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u043B \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D\u00BB."@uk . . . . . . . . "Captain and Colonel of the"@en . . . . . . . "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Signature.svg"@en . . "John Churchill, fr\u00E5n 1702 hertig av Marlborough, f\u00F6dd 26 maj 1650 p\u00E5 n\u00E4ra i Devon, d\u00F6d 16 juni 1722 p\u00E5 vid Windsor Castle i Berkshire, var en engelsk milit\u00E4r och politiker (ursprungligen tory, men periodvis ist\u00E4llet st\u00F6ttad av whigs). \u00C5r 1685 blev han utn\u00E4mnd till generalmajor. Churchill gifte sig 1678 med Sarah Jennings. Han hade dessutom f\u00F6ljande titlar: Captain-general (\u00F6verbef\u00E4lhavare), baron Churchill av Sandridge, lord Churchill av Eyemouth, riddare av Strumpebandsorden, medlem av kronr\u00E5det, furste av Heliga romerska riket av tysk nation samt riksfurste av Mindelheim. Marlboroughs milit\u00E4ra karri\u00E4r, baserad p\u00E5 strategiskt snille och administrativ skicklighet, \u00E4r en av de mest framst\u00E5ende i Storbritanniens historia. Han utm\u00E4rkte sig speciellt i det spanska tronf\u00F6ljdskriget. Den roll han spelade i den \u00E4rorika revolutionen, d\u00E4r han f\u00F6rr\u00E5dde sin v\u00E4lg\u00F6rare Jakob II har \u00E5 andra sidan kritiserats som ett sj\u00E4lviskt svek. Hans \u00E4ttling sir Winston Churchill skrev om honom att han \u201Daldrig utk\u00E4mpat ett slag som han inte vunnit, och aldrig bel\u00E4grat en stad som han inte tog.\u201D Hans \u00E4ttlingar bebor fortfarande det storslagna slottet Blenheim Palace som han l\u00E4t f\u00E4rdigst\u00E4lla \u00E5t sig sj\u00E4lv."@sv . . . . "John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough KG, PC (Ash, 26 maggio 1650 \u2013 Windsor Lodge, 16 giugno 1722), \u00E8 stato un generale e politico britannico. La sua carriera si estese lungo il regno di cinque sovrani, da Carlo II Stuart a Giorgio I di Hannover. Inizi\u00F2 a farsi notare durante il regno di Carlo II, ma fu con re Giacomo II, suo protettore quando era Duca di York, che ottenne i primi veri riconoscimenti, divenendo il maggior generale dell'esercito regio. Nel 1685, quando Giacomo II divenne re, Churchill gioc\u00F2 un ruolo fondamentale nel soffocare la ribellione di Monmouth ed assicurare l'autorit\u00E0 del re ma nel 1688 trad\u00EC il sovrano schierandosi dalla parte dei protestanti e di Guglielmo d'Orange e Maria II Stuart."@it . . . . "John Churchill, v\u00E9voda z Marlborough"@cs . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0427\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044C, 1-\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041C\u0430\u0301\u043B\u044C\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E, \u043A\u043D\u044F\u0437\u044C \u041C\u0438\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0433\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mindelheim; 26 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1650 \u2014 16 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1722) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0446 \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C, \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B-\u043A\u0430\u043F\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D (Captain-General). \u041D\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u044F\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0435\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0438 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044C \u0441\u043B\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043B \u043F\u044F\u0442\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0430\u043C. \u0423\u0441\u043F\u0435\u0445\u0438 \u0432 \u0412\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E, \u0432 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u043D \u0441 1702 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0435, \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044F \u0432 \u0440\u044F\u0434 \u043D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432. \u0412 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0432\u044B \u0410\u043D\u043D\u044B \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u0433\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A \u0432 \u0433\u043E\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435, \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044C\u0435\u0440-\u043C\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043C."@ru . . . "John Churchill, I Duque de Marlborough, I Pr\u00EDncipe de Mindelheim, I Conde de Nellenburg, Pr\u00EDncipe del Sacro Imperio Romano (Devonshire, Inglaterra, 26 de mayo de 1650-, 16 de junio de 1722) fue un hombre de armas y pol\u00EDtico ingl\u00E9s. Su vida abarca el reinado de cinco monarcas ingleses, entre mediados del siglo XVII y principios del siglo XVIII. Se distingui\u00F3 como general en la Guerra de Sucesi\u00F3n espa\u00F1ola. La c\u00E9lebre canci\u00F3n popular \"Mambr\u00FA se fue a la guerra\" procede de una deformaci\u00F3n de la fon\u00E9tica de su apellido. Fue antepasado de Winston Churchill."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Member of Parliament for Newtown"@en . . "1650-05-26"^^ . . . . . "Colonel of The King's Own Royal Regiment of Dragoons"@en . . . . . . . . . . "baron"@en . . . . "\uC81C1\uB300 \uB9D0\uBC84\uB7EC \uACF5\uC791 \uC874 \uCC98\uCE60"@ko . . . . . "John Churchill (Devon, Ashe House, 26 mei 1650 \u2013 Windsor Lodge, 16 juni 1722), de eerste hertog van Marlborough, was een Brits veldheer in de Spaanse Successieoorlog tegen Frankrijk. Hij verloor geen enkele veldslag en werd verheven tot de eerste hertog van Marlborough. In 1677 trouwde hij met Sarah Jennings, een hofdame van de katholieke hertog van York. Toen deze enige jaren later koning werd, diende Churchill, zelf anglicaan, hem trouw. Voor zijn diensten werd hij op 21 december 1682 beloond met verheffing in de Schotse adelstand als lord Churchill of Eyemouth. Tijdens de Glorious Revolution in 1688 liep Churchill over naar de zijde van Willem III van Oranje-Nassau. Koning Willem hield Churchill op afstand, want hij werd ervan verdacht slechts uit ambitie partij te hebben gekozen. Hij kreeg in 1689 de betrekkelijk lage titel \"earl of Marlborough\". In 1692 werd hij zelfs van samenspannen met de jakobieten beschuldigd. Naarmate Willems gezondheid verslechterde werd Churchill echter toch onmisbaar gevonden. Na Willems dood werd diens schoonzus Anna koningin; zij verhief Churchill in 1702 tot eerste hertog van Marlborough, een erfelijke titel die nog steeds bestaat. Tijdens de Spaanse Successieoorlog (1701-1714) stond Marlborough aan het hoofd van de verenigde Britse, Nederlandse en andere troepen en vocht hij veldslagen uit op uiteenlopende plaatsen, tot diep in het Europese continent: de Slag bij Blenheim aan de Donau (1704), de Slag bij Ramillies (1706), de Slag bij Oudenaarde (1708), de Slag bij Wijnendale (1708) en de Slag bij Malplaquet (1709), waarbij hij de Fransen vaak ernstige nederlagen toebracht. De expansionistische politiek van Lodewijk XIV werd hiermee de voet dwars gezet. Als dank liet Anna in het plaatsje Woodstock (Oxfordshire) het paleis Blenheim Palace voor hem bouwen. De hertogen van Marlborough bezitten het nog steeds en het is de geboorteplaats van de beroemdste telg uit het geslacht: Winston Churchill, een groot leider in oorlogstijd. Winston Churchill heeft ook een biografie geschreven over zijn illustere voorvader. Tijdens Marlboroughs veldtocht door het dal van de Maas van Venlo tot in Luik (1702) maakten zijn troepen het erg bont. Zijn dragonders plunderden voedsel en vernielden de oogst zodat deze niet aan de vijand zou vallen. Na hun vertrek werden in de streek overal poppen van Malbroek verbrand. Dit gebruik wordt op sommige plaatsen nog in ere gehouden, zoals te Stokkem, Kessenich en Eisden."@nl . . "103139"^^ . . . . "Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards"@en . "John Churchill, ang. John Churchill (ur. 26 maja 1650, zm. 16 czerwca 1722) \u2013 angielski polityk, wojskowy i arystokrata, jeden z najwybitniejszych dow\u00F3dc\u00F3w w historii \u015Bwiata, w\u00F3dz naczelny wojsk brytyjskich w trakcie hiszpa\u0144skiej wojny sukcesyjnej. Praprzodek Winstona Churchilla."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1123357418"^^ . . . . . "John Churchill, Marlborougheko I. dukea (Ashe House, Devon, 1650eko maiatzaren 26a - Windsor Lodge, 1722ko ekainaren 16a) Ingalaterrako militar eta politikaria izan zen."@eu . . "Sarah Jennings"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1722-06-16"^^ . "John Churchill, I Duque de Marlborough, I Pr\u00EDncipe de Mindelheim, I Conde de Nellenburg, Pr\u00EDncipe del Sacro Imperio Romano (Devonshire, Inglaterra, 26 de mayo de 1650-, 16 de junio de 1722) fue un hombre de armas y pol\u00EDtico ingl\u00E9s. Su vida abarca el reinado de cinco monarcas ingleses, entre mediados del siglo XVII y principios del siglo XVIII. Se distingui\u00F3 como general en la Guerra de Sucesi\u00F3n espa\u00F1ola. La c\u00E9lebre canci\u00F3n popular \"Mambr\u00FA se fue a la guerra\" procede de una deformaci\u00F3n de la fon\u00E9tica de su apellido. Fue antepasado de Winston Churchill."@es . . . . . . . "\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044C, \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D, 1-\u0439 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0446\u043E\u0433 \u041C\u0430\u043B\u044C\u0431\u043E\u0440\u043E"@ru . . . "John Churchill, ang. John Churchill (ur. 26 maja 1650, zm. 16 czerwca 1722) \u2013 angielski polityk, wojskowy i arystokrata, jeden z najwybitniejszych dow\u00F3dc\u00F3w w historii \u015Bwiata, w\u00F3dz naczelny wojsk brytyjskich w trakcie hiszpa\u0144skiej wojny sukcesyjnej. Praprzodek Winstona Churchilla."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Colonel of The Ordnance Regiment"@en . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, Adipati Marlborough Pertama, Pangeran Mindelheim (/\u02C8m\u0251\u02D0rlb\u0259r\u0259/, sering kali dilafalkan /\u02C8m\u0254\u02D0rlbr\u0259/; 26 Mei 1650 \u2013 16 Juni 1722 ), adalah jenderal dan negarawan Inggris dengan karier selama masa kekuasaan lima raja dan ratu. Ia naik ke jabatannya dari latar belakang pelayan yang rendah di istana Wangsa Stuart; ia bekerja untuk James, Adipati York, selama tahun 1670-an dan awal 1680-an, dan pada masa itu berhasil memajukan karier militer dan politiknya berkat keberanian dan kemampuan diplomatiknya. Peranan Churchill dalam memadamkan pada tahun 1685 membantu mengamankan posisi James di tahta, tetapi tiga tahun kemudian ia meninggalkan James yang beragama Katolik dan bekerja untuk William III dari Inggris yang berlatar belakang Belanda Protestan. Ia diberi earldom sebagai penghargaan atas jasanya saat pemahkotaan William, dan kemudian kembali menunjukkan keberhasilannya pada awal Perang Sembilan Tahun. Namun, ia berulangkali dituduh sebagai seorang , sehingga ia sempat dipenjara di Menara London. Ia baru berhasil mencapai puncak kekuasaan, kemahsyuran, dan keberhasilan pada masa kekuasaan Ratu Anne pada tahun 1702. Pernikahannya dengan yang berdarah panas (dan juga teman dekat Anne) memastikan kenaikan jabatan Marlborough: pertama-tama sebagai pasukan Britania, dan kemudian adipati. Ia menjadi pemimpin de facto pasukan Aliansi selama Perang Penerus Spanyol: kemenangannya dalam medan perang di Blindheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenaarde (1708), dan Malplaquet (1709) memastikan posisinya sebagai salah satu jenderal terbesar Eropa. Namun, memburuknya hubungan istrinya dengan sang Ratu dan dikeluarkannya istrinya dari istana juga berdampak terhadap kejatuhan Marlborough. Karena membuat Anne tidak senang dan terhimpit di antara faksi dan , Marlborough yang telah membawa kejayaan dan keberhasilan dipaksa mundur dari jabatannya dan dengan sendirinya memutuskan untuk pergi ke pengasingan. Ia kembali ke Inggris setelah George I dari Wangsa Hannover menjadi Raja Inggris pada tahun 1714. Ambisi Marlborough yang menggebu-gebu membuatnya menjadi bawahan Anne yang paling kaya. Koneksi keluarga membawa Marlborough ke dalam politik Eropa (saudara perempuannya menjadi selir James II, dan anaknya menjadi salah satu marsekal terbesar Louis XIV dari Prancis). Kepemimpinannya atas angkatan bersenjata aliansi mmemperkuat kebangkitan Britania sebagai kekuatan terdepan. Ia berhasil menjaga kesatuan di antara negara-negara aliansi, sehingga menunjukkan kemampuan diplomatiknya. Walaupun ia tidak membuat musuhnya menyerah tanpa syarat, kemenangannya memungkikan Britania bangkit menjadi kekuatan besar selama abad ke-18."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill"@in . . "1706"^^ . "1704"^^ . "1705"^^ . "1702"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1714"^^ . . . "John Churchill, 1. Duke of Marlborough, F\u00FCrst von Mindelheim KG PC (* 26. Mai 1650 in , Devonshire; \u2020 16. Juni 1722 in , Berkshire) war englischer Feldherr im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg und der erste Duke of Marlborough."@de . "1679"^^ . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . . "1690"^^ . . . . "1650-05-26"^^ . "1689"^^ . . . . . "1685"^^ . . "1683"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, n\u00E9 le 26 mai 1650 \u00E0 Musbury en Angleterre et mort le 16 juin 1722 \u00E0 Cumberland Lodge en Angleterre, comte puis 1er duc de Marlborough, est un g\u00E9n\u00E9ral et homme politique anglais dont la carri\u00E8re s\u2019\u00E9tend sur le r\u00E8gne de cinq monarques du XVIIe au XVIIIe si\u00E8cle. D\u2019abord page \u00E0 la cour de la maison Stuart, il sert loyalement le duc d'York au cours des ann\u00E9es 1670 et au d\u00E9but des ann\u00E9es 1680, gagnant promotions militaires et politiques par son courage et son habilet\u00E9 diplomatique. Son r\u00F4le dans la d\u00E9faite de la r\u00E9bellion de Monmouth en 1685 contribue \u00E0 l\u2019accession de Jacques II au tr\u00F4ne, mais Churchill abandonne trois ans plus tard son mentor catholique pour les protestants hollandais et Guillaume d'Orange. R\u00E9compens\u00E9 pour son aide \u00E0 l\u2019accession au tr\u00F4ne de Guillaume III avec le comt\u00E9 de Marlborough, il se distingue dans les premi\u00E8res ann\u00E9es de la guerre de Neuf Ans ; cependant, la persistance du jacobitisme provoque sa chute et son emprisonnement temporaire \u00E0 la tour de Londres. Ce n'est qu'\u00E0 l\u2019arriv\u00E9e sur le tr\u00F4ne de la reine Anne, en 1702, que Marlborough atteint l'apog\u00E9e de ses pouvoirs et s'assure gloire et fortune. Son mariage avec Sarah Jennings, amie intime de la reine, lui assure en premier lieu le poste de commandant en chef des forces britanniques, puis la transformation de son comt\u00E9 en duch\u00E9. Devenu de facto chef de file des forces alli\u00E9es pendant la guerre de Succession d'Espagne, ses victoires sur les champs de bataille de Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706) et Audenarde (1708) le font rentrer dans l'histoire comme l'un des grands g\u00E9n\u00E9raux d'Europe. En janvier 1711, \u00E0 cause de sa relation orageuse avec la reine, Sarah est mise \u00E0 l'\u00E9cart de la Cour. Quelques mois plus tard, m\u00EAme s'il a apport\u00E9 gloire et succ\u00E8s au r\u00E8gne, Marlborough perd ses fonctions pour d'autres raisons. \u00C0 son retour en Angleterre en 1714, il reprend de l'influence avec l'arriv\u00E9e au pouvoir de la maison de Hanovre et l'av\u00E8nement de George Ier \u00E0 la couronne britannique en 1714, mais \u00E0 la suite d'une s\u00E9rie d'attaques c\u00E9r\u00E9brales, sa sant\u00E9 se d\u00E9t\u00E9riore progressivement et il meurt le 16 juin 1722. L'ambition insatiable de Churchill l'a propuls\u00E9 de l'obscurit\u00E9 au-devant de la sc\u00E8ne dans les affaires britanniques et europ\u00E9ennes, faisant de lui le plus riche de tous les sujets de la reine Anne. Ses liens familiaux lui ont apport\u00E9 un r\u00E9seau de relations sur la sc\u00E8ne europ\u00E9enne (sa s\u0153ur Arabella est devenue la ma\u00EEtresse de Jacques II et leur fils, le duc de Berwick, l\u2019un des plus grands mar\u00E9chaux de Louis XIV). Tout au long des dix campagnes cons\u00E9cutives de la guerre de Succession d'Espagne, Marlborough r\u00E9ussit \u00E0 former et tenir une coalition discordante par la seule force de sa personnalit\u00E9, permettant aux arm\u00E9es britanniques d'atteindre un niveau qu'elles n'avaient plus connu depuis le Moyen \u00C2ge. M\u00EAme s'il ne peut obtenir la capitulation totale de ses ennemis, ses victoires font de la Grande-Bretagne une grande puissance europ\u00E9enne, lui assurant ainsi une prosp\u00E9rit\u00E9 croissante au cours du XVIIIe si\u00E8cle."@fr . . . . . "3"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Winston Churchill"@en . . . . . "Argent and sable"@en . . . . "John Churchill, Marlborougheko I. dukea (Ashe House, Devon, 1650eko maiatzaren 26a - Windsor Lodge, 1722ko ekainaren 16a) Ingalaterrako militar eta politikaria izan zen."@eu . "John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough"@en . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044C"@uk . . . . . . "The arms of the 1st Duke of Marlborough must not be confused with those of the 5th Duke and his successors, which also incorporate the Spencer arms. The heraldic achievement shown here also represents the 1st Duke's lands in Mindelheim."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill (1r duc de Marlborough)"@ca . . . . . . . . "The Duke of Marlborough"@en . . . "John Churchill, 1. v\u00E9voda z Marlborough (anglicky John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, d\u0159\u00EDve \u010Desky t\u00E9\u017E \u201EMalbruk\u201C, 26. kv\u011Btna 1650 \u2013 16. \u010Dervna 1722) byl anglick\u00FD \u0161lechtic a vojev\u016Fdce, kter\u00FD se proslavil za v\u00E1lek o \u0161pan\u011Blsk\u00E9 d\u011Bdictv\u00ED. Spolu s Ev\u017Eenem Savojsk\u00FDm pat\u0159il k p\u0159edn\u00EDm osobnostem koalice proti Francii, byl \u010Dlenem britsk\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy, ryt\u00ED\u0159em Podvazkov\u00E9ho \u0159\u00E1du a v roce 1702 z\u00EDskal titul v\u00E9vody z Marlborough. Za z\u00E1sluhy mu byl na st\u00E1tn\u00ED n\u00E1klady postaven z\u00E1mek Blenheim Palace, kter\u00FD je dodnes majetkem jeho potomstva. Zem\u0159el bez mu\u017Esk\u00E9ho potomstva a titul v\u00E9vody pozd\u011Bji p\u0159e\u0161el na sp\u0159\u00EDzn\u011Bn\u00FD rod Spencer\u016F, kter\u00FD u\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 jm\u00E9no Spencer-Churchill. K jeho potomstvu pat\u0159\u00ED mimo jin\u00E9 Winston Churchill nebo princezna Diana."@cs . . . . . . . "\u7B2C\u4E00\u4EE3\u9A6C\u5C14\u535A\u7F57\u516C\u7235\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u5C14\uFF0CKG\uFF0CPC\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AJohn Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough\uFF0C1650\u5E745\u670826\u65E5\uFF0D1722\u5E746\u670816\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u5373\u4E8C\u6230\u4E16\u754C\u77E5\u540D\u7684\u6E29\u65AF\u987F\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u5C14\u4E4B\u9060\u7956\uFF0C\u82F1\u56FD\u519B\u4E8B\u5BB6\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u5BB6\u3002\u9760\u8457\u4ED6\u59BB\u5B50\u85A9\u62C9\u00B7\u8A79\u5BE7\u65AF\uFF08Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough\uFF09\u8207\u5B89\u59AE\u5973\u738B\u7684\u79C1\u5BC6\u53CB\u8ABC\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u4ED6\u500B\u4EBA\u5353\u8D8A\u7684\u8ECD\u4E8B\u3001\u5916\u4EA4\u624D\u80FD\uFF0C\u8B93\u4ED6\u57281702\u5E74\u6210\u70BA\u82F1\u570B\u6700\u6709\u6B0A\u529B\u7684\u7537\u4EBA\u3002\u4ED6\u5728\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u738B\u4F4D\u7E7C\u627F\u6230\u722D\u4E2D\u540D\u5229\u96D9\u6536\uFF0C\u8207\u6230\u53CB\u6B50\u6839\u89AA\u738B\u5171\u5217\u70BA\u6CD5\u570B\u592A\u967D\u738B\u7684\u5169\u5927\u524B\u661F\uFF0C\u4E26\u4F7F\u82F1\u570B\u4E0A\u5347\u70BA\u4E00\u7D1A\u7684\u6D77\u9678\u5F37\u6B0A\uFF0C\u4FC3\u621018\u4E16\u7D00\u7684\u7E41\u69AE\u8208\u76DB\u3002\u4F46\u662F\u4ED6\u8CAA\u5A6A\u6295\u6A5F\u7684\u6027\u683C\uFF0C\u65E2\u4F7F\u4ED6\u6210\u70BA\u5B89\u59AE\u6642\u4EE3\u6700\u5BCC\u6709\u7684\u82F1\u570B\u7537\u6027\uFF0C\u537B\u4E5F\u6E1B\u640D\u4ED6\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u8072\u671B\u3002 \u5728\u82F1\u570B\u8ECD\u4E8B\u53F2\u4E0A\uFF0C\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u723E\u8207\u7D0D\u723E\u905C\u53CA\u5A01\u9748\u9813\u9F0E\u8DB3\u9F4A\u540D\uFF0C\u4E09\u4EBA\u88AB\u770B\u4F5C\u662F\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6C11\u65CF\u82F1\u96C4\u3002\u96D6\u7136\u4E00\u822C\u89C0\u9EDE\u5E38\u628A\u4ED6\u548C\u5A01\u7075\u987F\u516C\u7235\uFF08\u57281815\u5E74\u7684\u6ED1\u9435\u76E7\u6230\u5F79\u4E2D\u6253\u6557\u62FF\u7834\u5D19\uFF09\u76F8\u63D0\u4E26\u8AD6\uFF0C\u4E0D\u904E\u8A31\u591A\u4EBA\u66F4\u770B\u91CD\u4ED6\u7684\u5916\u4EA4\u5929\u5206\u8207\u653F\u6CBB\u667A\u6167\uFF08\u5982\u6EAB\u65AF\u9813\u00B7\u90B1\u5409\u723E\uFF09\u3002\u524D\u4E00\u9805\u7684\u8AD6\u9EDE\u662F\uFF0C\u99AC\u723E\u535A\u7F85\u8207\u5A01\u9748\u9813\u6709\u8BB8\u591A\u76F8\u4F3C\u4E4B\u5904\uFF0C\u7279\u522B\u662F\u4ED6\u4EEC\u90FD\u6709\u8F1D\u714C\u7684\u519B\u4E8B\u751F\u6DAF\u5E76\u53D6\u5F97\u653F\u754C\u9AD8\u4F4D\uFF0C\u7136\u5F8C\u90FD\u5931\u8DB3\u65BC\u665A\u5E74\u7684\u653F\u58C7\uFF1B\u5F8C\u4E00\u9805\u89C0\u9EDE\u5247\u9817\u53D7\u8F1D\u683C\u9EE8\u53F2\u5BB6\u5C48\u52D2\u5473\u6797\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\uFF0C\u5C48\u52D2\u5473\u6797\u7D66\u4E88\u4E18\u5409\u723E\u81F3\u9AD8\u7684\u8A55\u50F9\uFF0C\u628A\u4ED6\u7684\u8ECD\u4E8B\u5929\u624D\u8207\u5916\u4EA4\u5929\u4EFD\uFF0C\u6BD4\u4F5C\u662F\u5A01\u9748\u9813\u8207\u5916\u4EA4\u5927\u81E3\u5361\u8607\u91CC\u7684\u7D9C\u5408\u9AD4\uFF08\u5169\u4EBA\u57281815\u5E74\u5404\u81EA\u65BC\u8ECD\u4E8B\u3001\u5916\u4EA4\u4E0A\u6709\u5091\u51FA\u8868\u73FE\uFF09\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill va ser un militar i estadista angl\u00E8s, 1r Duc de Marlborough, Pr\u00EDncep de Mindelheim, cavaller de l'Orde de la Lligacama i membre del Consell Privat del Regne Unit, la carrera del qual s'estengu\u00E9 sota cinc monarques a cavall dels segles xvii i xviii. Va entrar a la cort de Jaume, Duc de York el 1665 a baix de tot de la jerarquia com a patge. A poc a poc va ascendir militar i pol\u00EDticament gr\u00E0cies al seu valor militar i a les seves habilitats diplom\u00E0tiques. El paper de Churchill en la derrota de la el 1685 ajud\u00E0 a assegurar Jaume al tron, tot i que tres anys despr\u00E9s abandonaria al seu patr\u00F3 cat\u00F2lic pel neerland\u00E8s protestant Guillem d'Orange. Honorat pels seus serveis a la coronaci\u00F3 de Guillem amb el Ducat de Marlborough, serv\u00ED distingidament a la Guerra dels Nou Anys, per\u00F2 els canvis persistents del jacobitisme el van fer caure del seu lloc i va ser empresonat a la Torre de Londres. No va ser fins a l'ascensi\u00F3 al tron de la Reina Anna el 1702 que Marlborough no assol\u00ED el zenit del seu poder i assegur\u00E0 la seva fama i fortuna. El seu casament amb la temperamental (amiga \u00EDntima d'Anna) assegur\u00E0 la seva puixan\u00E7a, primer com a Capit\u00E0 General de les forces brit\u00E0niques, i despr\u00E9s amb un ducat. Va esdevenir de facto el l\u00EDder de les forces aliades durant la Guerra de Successi\u00F3 Espanyola i les seves vict\u00F2ries als camps de Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenaarde (1708) i Malplaquet (1709) van assegurar el seu lloc a la hist\u00F2ria com un dels grans generals europeus. Per\u00F2 la tempestuosa relaci\u00F3 de la seva dona amb la Reina, i el seu posterior allunyament de la cort van ser cabdals en la seva caiguda. Amb el menyspreu d'Anna, i pres entre les faccions Tory i Whig, Marlborough, que havia portat gl\u00F2ria i \u00E8xit al regnat d'Anna, va ser allunyat del poder i marx\u00E0 a un autoimposat exili. Torn\u00E0 a Anglaterra sota la influ\u00E8ncia de la Casa de Hannover amb l'ascens al tron de Jordi I el 1714, per\u00F2 despr\u00E9s d'una s\u00E8rie d'infarts la seva salut es deterior\u00E0 gradualment i va morir el 16 de juny de 1722 a . La insaciable ambici\u00F3 de Marlborough el propuls\u00E0 de la foscor a l'absoluta preemin\u00E8ncia als afers brit\u00E0nics i europeus, va esdevenir el s\u00FAbdit m\u00E9s ric d'Anna. Les connexions de la seva fam\u00EDlia el van fer present a l'entramat de la pol\u00EDtica europea. La seva germana Arabella va ser l'amant de Jaume II, i el seu fill, el Duc de Berwick, va emergir com un dels majors mariscals de Lluis XIV. Al llarg de deu campanyes consecutives durant la Guerra de Successi\u00F3 Espanyola, Marlborough va mantenir unida una coalici\u00F3 discordant mitjan\u00E7ant la seva for\u00E7a de personalitat i va elevar les forces brit\u00E0niques a un nivell no vist des de l'edat mitjana. Tot i que al final no va poder aconseguir la capitulaci\u00F3 de tots els seus enemics, les seves vict\u00F2ries van permetre que la Gran Bretanya emerg\u00EDs des de la perif\u00E8ria a l'estatus de gran pot\u00E8ncia, el que va assegurar la creixent prosperitat del pa\u00EDs durant el segle xviii."@ca . . "Portrait of John Churchil by Michael Dahl"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7B2C\u4E00\u4EE3\u9A6C\u5C14\u535A\u7F57\u516C\u7235\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u5C14\uFF0CKG\uFF0CPC\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1AJohn Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough\uFF0C1650\u5E745\u670826\u65E5\uFF0D1722\u5E746\u670816\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u5373\u4E8C\u6230\u4E16\u754C\u77E5\u540D\u7684\u6E29\u65AF\u987F\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u5C14\u4E4B\u9060\u7956\uFF0C\u82F1\u56FD\u519B\u4E8B\u5BB6\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u5BB6\u3002\u9760\u8457\u4ED6\u59BB\u5B50\u85A9\u62C9\u00B7\u8A79\u5BE7\u65AF\uFF08Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough\uFF09\u8207\u5B89\u59AE\u5973\u738B\u7684\u79C1\u5BC6\u53CB\u8ABC\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA\u4ED6\u500B\u4EBA\u5353\u8D8A\u7684\u8ECD\u4E8B\u3001\u5916\u4EA4\u624D\u80FD\uFF0C\u8B93\u4ED6\u57281702\u5E74\u6210\u70BA\u82F1\u570B\u6700\u6709\u6B0A\u529B\u7684\u7537\u4EBA\u3002\u4ED6\u5728\u897F\u73ED\u7259\u738B\u4F4D\u7E7C\u627F\u6230\u722D\u4E2D\u540D\u5229\u96D9\u6536\uFF0C\u8207\u6230\u53CB\u6B50\u6839\u89AA\u738B\u5171\u5217\u70BA\u6CD5\u570B\u592A\u967D\u738B\u7684\u5169\u5927\u524B\u661F\uFF0C\u4E26\u4F7F\u82F1\u570B\u4E0A\u5347\u70BA\u4E00\u7D1A\u7684\u6D77\u9678\u5F37\u6B0A\uFF0C\u4FC3\u621018\u4E16\u7D00\u7684\u7E41\u69AE\u8208\u76DB\u3002\u4F46\u662F\u4ED6\u8CAA\u5A6A\u6295\u6A5F\u7684\u6027\u683C\uFF0C\u65E2\u4F7F\u4ED6\u6210\u70BA\u5B89\u59AE\u6642\u4EE3\u6700\u5BCC\u6709\u7684\u82F1\u570B\u7537\u6027\uFF0C\u537B\u4E5F\u6E1B\u640D\u4ED6\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u8072\u671B\u3002 \u5728\u82F1\u570B\u8ECD\u4E8B\u53F2\u4E0A\uFF0C\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u4E18\u5409\u723E\u8207\u7D0D\u723E\u905C\u53CA\u5A01\u9748\u9813\u9F0E\u8DB3\u9F4A\u540D\uFF0C\u4E09\u4EBA\u88AB\u770B\u4F5C\u662F\u5049\u5927\u7684\u6C11\u65CF\u82F1\u96C4\u3002\u96D6\u7136\u4E00\u822C\u89C0\u9EDE\u5E38\u628A\u4ED6\u548C\u5A01\u7075\u987F\u516C\u7235\uFF08\u57281815\u5E74\u7684\u6ED1\u9435\u76E7\u6230\u5F79\u4E2D\u6253\u6557\u62FF\u7834\u5D19\uFF09\u76F8\u63D0\u4E26\u8AD6\uFF0C\u4E0D\u904E\u8A31\u591A\u4EBA\u66F4\u770B\u91CD\u4ED6\u7684\u5916\u4EA4\u5929\u5206\u8207\u653F\u6CBB\u667A\u6167\uFF08\u5982\u6EAB\u65AF\u9813\u00B7\u90B1\u5409\u723E\uFF09\u3002\u524D\u4E00\u9805\u7684\u8AD6\u9EDE\u662F\uFF0C\u99AC\u723E\u535A\u7F85\u8207\u5A01\u9748\u9813\u6709\u8BB8\u591A\u76F8\u4F3C\u4E4B\u5904\uFF0C\u7279\u522B\u662F\u4ED6\u4EEC\u90FD\u6709\u8F1D\u714C\u7684\u519B\u4E8B\u751F\u6DAF\u5E76\u53D6\u5F97\u653F\u754C\u9AD8\u4F4D\uFF0C\u7136\u5F8C\u90FD\u5931\u8DB3\u65BC\u665A\u5E74\u7684\u653F\u58C7\uFF1B\u5F8C\u4E00\u9805\u89C0\u9EDE\u5247\u9817\u53D7\u8F1D\u683C\u9EE8\u53F2\u5BB6\u5C48\u52D2\u5473\u6797\u7684\u5F71\u97FF\uFF0C\u5C48\u52D2\u5473\u6797\u7D66\u4E88\u4E18\u5409\u723E\u81F3\u9AD8\u7684\u8A55\u50F9\uFF0C\u628A\u4ED6\u7684\u8ECD\u4E8B\u5929\u624D\u8207\u5916\u4EA4\u5929\u4EFD\uFF0C\u6BD4\u4F5C\u662F\u5A01\u9748\u9813\u8207\u5916\u4EA4\u5927\u81E3\u5361\u8607\u91CC\u7684\u7D9C\u5408\u9AD4\uFF08\u5169\u4EBA\u57281815\u5E74\u5404\u81EA\u65BC\u8ECD\u4E8B\u3001\u5916\u4EA4\u4E0A\u6709\u5091\u51FA\u8868\u73FE\uFF09\u3002"@zh . "The Duke of Marlborough"@en . . . "Ducal coronet"@en . "\u521D\u4EE3\u30DE\u30FC\u30EB\u30D0\u30E9\u516C\u7235\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E3\u30FC\u30C1\u30EB\uFF08\u82F1: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG, PC\u30011650\u5E745\u670826\u65E5 - 1722\u5E746\u670816\u65E5\uFF08\u30B0\u30EC\u30B4\u30EA\u30AA\u66A66\u670827\u65E5\uFF09\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u53CA\u3073\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u8ECD\u4EBA\u3001\u8CB4\u65CF\u3002 \u5EF7\u81E3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51FA\u4E16\u3092\u9042\u3052\u308B\u3068\u5171\u306B\u30B9\u30DA\u30A4\u30F3\u7D99\u627F\u6226\u4E89\u3067\u8ECD\u624D\u3092\u767A\u63EE\u3057\u3066\u30011\u4EE3\u3067\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u540D\u9580\u8CB4\u65CF\u30DE\u30FC\u30EB\u30D0\u30E9\u516C\u7235\u5BB6\u3092\u8208\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u9996\u76F8\u30A6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B9\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E3\u30FC\u30C1\u30EB\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u7687\u592A\u5B50\u5983\u30C0\u30A4\u30A2\u30CA\u30FB\u30B9\u30DA\u30F3\u30B5\u30FC\u306E\u5148\u7956\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "John Churchill, 1. Duke of Marlborough, F\u00FCrst von Mindelheim KG PC (* 26. Mai 1650 in , Devonshire; \u2020 16. Juni 1722 in , Berkshire) war englischer Feldherr im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg und der erste Duke of Marlborough."@de . . "John Churchill, I duque de Marlborough"@es . "John Churchill, 1.\u00BA Duque de Marlborough"@pt . . . . . . . "John Churchill, 1. v\u00E9voda z Marlborough (anglicky John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, d\u0159\u00EDve \u010Desky t\u00E9\u017E \u201EMalbruk\u201C, 26. kv\u011Btna 1650 \u2013 16. \u010Dervna 1722) byl anglick\u00FD \u0161lechtic a vojev\u016Fdce, kter\u00FD se proslavil za v\u00E1lek o \u0161pan\u011Blsk\u00E9 d\u011Bdictv\u00ED. Spolu s Ev\u017Eenem Savojsk\u00FDm pat\u0159il k p\u0159edn\u00EDm osobnostem koalice proti Francii, byl \u010Dlenem britsk\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy, ryt\u00ED\u0159em Podvazkov\u00E9ho \u0159\u00E1du a v roce 1702 z\u00EDskal titul v\u00E9vody z Marlborough. Za z\u00E1sluhy mu byl na st\u00E1tn\u00ED n\u00E1klady postaven z\u00E1mek Blenheim Palace, kter\u00FD je dodnes majetkem jeho potomstva. Zem\u0159el bez mu\u017Esk\u00E9ho potomstva a titul v\u00E9vody pozd\u011Bji p\u0159e\u0161el na sp\u0159\u00EDzn\u011Bn\u00FD rod Spencer\u016F, kter\u00FD u\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 jm\u00E9no Spencer-Churchill. K jeho potomstvu pat\u0159\u00ED mimo jin\u00E9 Winston Churchill nebo princezna Diana."@cs . . "John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough"@it . . . . . . . "Part of Bavaria"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Elizabeth Drake"@en . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, Marquess of Blandford"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u521D\u4EE3\u30DE\u30FC\u30EB\u30D0\u30E9\u516C\u7235\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E3\u30FC\u30C1\u30EB\uFF08\u82F1: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG, PC\u30011650\u5E745\u670826\u65E5 - 1722\u5E746\u670816\u65E5\uFF08\u30B0\u30EC\u30B4\u30EA\u30AA\u66A66\u670827\u65E5\uFF09\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30F3\u30B0\u30E9\u30F3\u30C9\u53CA\u3073\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u8ECD\u4EBA\u3001\u8CB4\u65CF\u3002 \u5EF7\u81E3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51FA\u4E16\u3092\u9042\u3052\u308B\u3068\u5171\u306B\u30B9\u30DA\u30A4\u30F3\u7D99\u627F\u6226\u4E89\u3067\u8ECD\u624D\u3092\u767A\u63EE\u3057\u3066\u30011\u4EE3\u3067\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u540D\u9580\u8CB4\u65CF\u30DE\u30FC\u30EB\u30D0\u30E9\u516C\u7235\u5BB6\u3092\u8208\u3057\u305F\u3002\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u9996\u76F8\u30A6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B9\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E3\u30FC\u30C1\u30EB\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u7687\u592A\u5B50\u5983\u30C0\u30A4\u30A2\u30CA\u30FB\u30B9\u30DA\u30F3\u30B5\u30FC\u306E\u5148\u7956\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter"@en . . . . . "General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, KG, PC (26 May 1650 \u2013 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs. From a gentry family, he served first as a page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill. Churchill's role in defeating the Monmouth Rebellion in 1685 helped secure James on the throne, but he was a key player in the military conspiracy that led to James being deposed during the Glorious Revolution. Rewarded by William III with the title Earl of Marlborough, persistent charges of Jacobitism led to his fall from office and temporary imprisonment in the Tower of London. William recognised his abilities by appointing him as his deputy in Southern Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) before the War of the Spanish Succession in 1701, but not until the accession of Queen Anne in 1702 did he secure his fame and fortune. Marriage to Sarah Jennings and her relationship with Anne ensured Marlborough's rise, first to the captain-generalcy of British forces, then to a dukedom. As de facto leader of Allied forces in the Low Countries, his victories at Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenarde (1708), and Malplaquet (1709) ensured his place in history as one of Europe's great generals. His wife's stormy relationship with the Queen, and her subsequent dismissal from court, was central to his own fall. Incurring Anne's disfavour, and caught between Tory and Whig factions, Marlborough was forced from office and went into self-imposed exile. He returned to favour with the accession of George I to the British throne in 1714, but a stroke in 1716 ended his active career. Marlborough's leadership of the Allied armies fighting Louis XIV from 1701 to 1710 consolidated Britain's emergence as a front-rank power, while his ability to maintain unity in the fractious coalition demonstrated his diplomatic skills. He is often remembered by military historians as much for his organisational and logistic skills as his tactical abilities. However, he was also instrumental in moving away from the siege warfare that dominated the Nine Years' War, arguing one battle was worth ten sieges."@en . . . . . "John Churchill, fr\u00E5n 1702 hertig av Marlborough, f\u00F6dd 26 maj 1650 p\u00E5 n\u00E4ra i Devon, d\u00F6d 16 juni 1722 p\u00E5 vid Windsor Castle i Berkshire, var en engelsk milit\u00E4r och politiker (ursprungligen tory, men periodvis ist\u00E4llet st\u00F6ttad av whigs). \u00C5r 1685 blev han utn\u00E4mnd till generalmajor. Churchill gifte sig 1678 med Sarah Jennings. Han hade dessutom f\u00F6ljande titlar: Captain-general (\u00F6verbef\u00E4lhavare), baron Churchill av Sandridge, lord Churchill av Eyemouth, riddare av Strumpebandsorden, medlem av kronr\u00E5det, furste av Heliga romerska riket av tysk nation samt riksfurste av Mindelheim."@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, hertig av Marlborough"@sv . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill"@nl . . . . . . . . . . . "John Churchill, 1.\u00BA Duque de Marlborough, Pr\u00EDncipe de Mindelheim, Conde de Nellenburg KG, PC (Musbury, 26 de maio de 1650 \u2014 Windsor, 16 de junho de 1722) foi um militar e estadista ingl\u00EAs cuja carreira durou o reinado de cinco monarcas. Vindo de uma p\u00E1gina humilde na corte da Casa de Stuart, ele serviu Jaime, duque de Iorque, durante os anos de 1680 e in\u00EDcio de 1670, ganhando avan\u00E7o pol\u00EDtico e militar atrav\u00E9s de sua coragem e habilidade diplom\u00E1tica. O papel de Churchill em derrotar a rebeli\u00E3o de Monmouth em 1685 ajudou a manter Jaime no trono, mas apenas tr\u00EAs anos depois, ele abandonou o seu patrono cat\u00F3lico para o protestante holand\u00EAs Guilherme de Orange. Homenageado por seus servi\u00E7os na coroa\u00E7\u00E3o de Guilherme com o condado de Marlborough, serviu com distin\u00E7\u00E3o adicional nos primeiros anos "@pt . . . . . "John Churchill, Adipati Marlborough Pertama, Pangeran Mindelheim (/\u02C8m\u0251\u02D0rlb\u0259r\u0259/, sering kali dilafalkan /\u02C8m\u0254\u02D0rlbr\u0259/; 26 Mei 1650 \u2013 16 Juni 1722 ), adalah jenderal dan negarawan Inggris dengan karier selama masa kekuasaan lima raja dan ratu. Ia naik ke jabatannya dari latar belakang pelayan yang rendah di istana Wangsa Stuart; ia bekerja untuk James, Adipati York, selama tahun 1670-an dan awal 1680-an, dan pada masa itu berhasil memajukan karier militer dan politiknya berkat keberanian dan kemampuan diplomatiknya. Peranan Churchill dalam memadamkan pada tahun 1685 membantu mengamankan posisi James di tahta, tetapi tiga tahun kemudian ia meninggalkan James yang beragama Katolik dan bekerja untuk William III dari Inggris yang berlatar belakang Belanda Protestan. Ia diberi earldom sebagai pen"@in . "John Churchill (1er duc de Marlborough)"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . .