. "44.25224 -73.971799" . . . "John Brown (9 de mayo de 1800, Torrington, Connecticut - 2 de diciembre de 1859, Charles Town, Virginia) fue un l\u00EDder abolicionista estadounidense. Alcanz\u00F3 la fama nacional por su abolicionismo radical y por su lucha en Bleeding Kansas, pero finalmente fue capturado y ejecutado por una incitaci\u00F3n fallida a una rebeli\u00F3n de esclavos en Harpers Ferry antes de la Guerra Civil estadounidense. Un hombre de fuertes convicciones religiosas,\u200B\u200B Brown cre\u00EDa que era \"un instrumento de Dios\",\u200B levantado para dar el golpe de gracia a la esclavitud estadounidense, tarea que consideraba una \"obligaci\u00F3n sagrada\":\u200B\u200B\u200B Brown fue el principal exponente de la violencia en el movimiento abolicionista estadounidense.\u200B Cre\u00EDa que la violencia era necesaria para acabar con la esclavitud en su pa\u00EDs, ya que d\u00E9cadas de esfuerzos pac\u00EDficos hab\u00EDan fracasado.\u200B\u200B\u200B Brown dijo en repetidas ocasiones que al trabajar para liberar a los esclavizados estaba siguiendo la Regla de Oro,\u200B\u200B as\u00ED como la Declaraci\u00F3n de Independencia de Estados Unidos, que declara que \"todos los hombres son creados iguales\".\u200B\u200B\u200B\u200B\u200BTambi\u00E9n declar\u00F3 a menudo que, en su opini\u00F3n, estos dos principios \"significaban lo mismo\".\u200B\u200B\u200B Brown gan\u00F3 la atenci\u00F3n nacional por primera vez cuando dirigi\u00F3 a voluntarios antiesclavistas y a sus propios hijos durante la crisis denominada Bleeding Kansas a finales de la d\u00E9cada de 1850, una guerra civil a nivel estatal sobre si Kansas entrar\u00EDa en la Uni\u00F3n como estado esclavista o como estado libre. No estaba satisfecho con el pacifismo abolicionista y dec\u00EDa de los pacifistas: \"Estos hombres son pura palabrer\u00EDa. Lo que necesitamos es acci\u00F3n, \u00A1acci\u00F3n!\". En mayo de 1856, Brown y sus hijos mataron a cinco partidarios de la esclavitud en la masacre de Pottawatomie, una respuesta al ataque a Lawrence realizado por las fuerzas pro-esclavistas. A continuaci\u00F3n, Brown dirigi\u00F3 las fuerzas antiesclavistas en las batallas de Black Jack y de Osawatomie. En octubre de 1859, Brown dirigi\u00F3 un asalto a la armer\u00EDa federal de Harpers Ferry (Virginia Occidental), con la intenci\u00F3n de iniciar un movimiento de liberaci\u00F3n de esclavos que se extendiera hacia el sur; Brown hab\u00EDa preparado una Constituci\u00F3n Provisional para los Estados Unidos revisados y libres de esclavitud que esperaba conseguir. Se apoder\u00F3 de la armer\u00EDa, pero siete personas murieron y diez o m\u00E1s resultaron heridas. Brown pretend\u00EDa armar a los esclavos con las armas de la armer\u00EDa, pero s\u00F3lo unos pocos esclavos se pudieron unir a su revuelta. Los hombres de Brown que no huyeron fueron asesinados o capturados por la milicia local y los marines estadounidenses, estos \u00FAltimos dirigidos por Robert E. Lee. Brown fue juzgado por traici\u00F3n a la Mancomunidad de Virginia, por el asesinato de cinco hombres y por incitar a la insurrecci\u00F3n de los esclavos. Fue declarado culpable de todos los cargos y fue ahorcado el 2 de diciembre de 1859, siendo la primera persona ejecutada por traici\u00F3n en la historia de Estados Unidos.\u200B\u200B El asalto a Harpers Ferry y el juicio de Brown, ambos cubiertos ampliamente por los peri\u00F3dicos nacionales, intensificaron las tensiones que condujeron, un a\u00F1o m\u00E1s tarde, a la secesi\u00F3n del Sur, largamente amenazada, y a la Guerra Civil estadounidense. Los sure\u00F1os tem\u00EDan que otros siguieran pronto los pasos de Brown, alentando y armando rebeliones de esclavos. Fue un h\u00E9roe y un icono en el Norte. Los soldados de la Uni\u00F3n marchaban al son de la nueva canci\u00F3n \"John Brown's Body\", que lo retrataba como un m\u00E1rtir heroico. Brown ha sido descrito de diversas maneras: como un m\u00E1rtir heroico y visionario, y como un loco y terrorista.\u200B\u200B\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uC874 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4"@ko . . . "John Brown (abolitionist)"@nl . . "\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\uFF08John Brown\uFF1B1800\u5E745\u67089\u65E5\uFF0D1859\u5E7412\u67082\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u7F8E\u56FD\u8D77\u4E49\u9886\u8896\u3001\u5E9F\u5974\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005\uFF0C1856\u5E74\u66FE\u53C2\u52A0\u582A\u8428\u65AF\u5185\u6218\uFF0C\u8D62\u5F97\u80DC\u5229\u30021859\u5E74\u4ED6\u7387\u4F17\u5728\u54C8\u4F2F\u65AF\u8D39\u91CC\u8209\u4E8B\uFF0C\u8981\u6C42\u5E9F\u9664\u5974\u96B6\u5236\uFF0C\u5E76\u902E\u6355\u4E00\u4E9B\u838A\u5712\u4E3B\uFF0C\u89E3\u653E\u4E86\u8BB8\u591A\u5974\u96B6\u3002\u8209\u4E8B\u5931\u5229\uFF0C\u5E03\u6717\u88AB\u6355\u5E76\u88AB\u8655\u7D5E\u3002 \u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u6700\u5F00\u59CB\u5728\u8840\u6FFA\u582A\u85A9\u65AF\u5371\u673A\u4E2D\u5F15\u8D77\u4E86\u6CE8\u610F\u529B\u3002\u4E0D\u50CF\u5927\u591A\u6570\u5317\u65B9\u4EBA\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5E94\u8BE5\u901A\u8FC7\u548C\u5E73\u624B\u6BB5\uFF0C\u4EE5\u8AC7\u5224\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF0C\u5354\u8ABF\u89E3\u51B3\u5974\u96B6\u5236\u5E9F\u5B58\u95EE\u9898\uFF0C\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5E94\u8BE5\u91C7\u53D6\u66B4\u52A8\u3002\u4ED6\u8BF4\uFF1A\u201C\u8FD9\u4E9B\u4EBA\u53EA\u6703\u7A7A\u5634\u8584\u820C\u3002\u6211\u4EEC\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662F\u884C\u52A8\uFF0C\u884C\u52A8\uFF01\u201D\uFF08\"These men are all talk. What we need is action - action!\"\uFF09 \u57281856\u5E745\u6708\u582A\u8428\u65AF\u7684\u8FD0\u52A8\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4ED6\u548C\u540C\u4F34\u6740\u5BB3\u4E865\u540D\u5357\u65B9\u5974\u96B6\u4E3B\u30021859\u5E74\u4ED6\u5728\u5F17\u5409\u5C3C\u4E9A\u5DDE\u54C8\u73C0\u65AF\u8D39\u91CC\u53D1\u52A8\u8D77\u4E49\uFF0C7\u4EBA\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u4E00\u540D\u9ED1\u4EBA\uFF09\u4E27\u751F\uFF0C10\u4F59\u4EBA\u53D7\u4F24\u30023\u5929\u4E4B\u540E\uFF0C\u4ED6\u7684\u540C\u4F34\u591A\u88AB\u6740\u5BB3\uFF0C\u8D77\u4E49\u88AB\u7F57\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u674E\u5C06\u519B\u9547\u538B\uFF0C\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u81EA\u5DF1\u4EA6\u88AB\u902E\u6355\u5E76\u8655\u6C7A\u3002\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u7684\u6B7B\u6210\u4E3A\u4E86\u5F15\u53D1\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4E89\u7684\u91CD\u8981\u539F\u56E0\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002"@zh . "John Brown"@en . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (9 de mayo de 1800, Torrington, Connecticut - 2 de diciembre de 1859, Charles Town, Virginia) fue un l\u00EDder abolicionista estadounidense. Alcanz\u00F3 la fama nacional por su abolicionismo radical y por su lucha en Bleeding Kansas, pero finalmente fue capturado y ejecutado por una incitaci\u00F3n fallida a una rebeli\u00F3n de esclavos en Harpers Ferry antes de la Guerra Civil estadounidense."@es . . . . . . . . . . "Ba Meirice\u00E1naigh \u00E9 John Brown a rugadh ar an 9 Bealtaine, 1800 i d agus fuair b\u00E1s ar an 2 Nollaig, 1859."@ga . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (Connecticut, 1800 - Virg\u00EDnia, 1859) foi um abolicionista norte-americano. Abolicionista convicto, ao longo da d\u00E9cada de 1850, defendeu e praticou a\u00E7\u00F5es armadas com o objetivo de abolir a escravid\u00E3o nos Estados Unidos da Am\u00E9rica. Liderou, em 1856, o , no Kansas. Na a\u00E7\u00E3o, cinco pessoas foram mortas. Sua fama veio, principalmente, em fun\u00E7\u00E3o da fracassada a\u00E7\u00E3o no ataque ao arsenal de Harpers Ferry, quando acabou preso. O ataque ocorreu em 1859. Brown foi julgado e condenado \u00E0 morte por enforcamento. Ao longo do julgamento, seus discursos ganharam proje\u00E7\u00E3o nacional. Brown foi chamado, entre outras alcunhas, de \"o mais controverso norte-americano do s\u00E9culo XIX\" e \"o primeiro terrorista dom\u00E9stico dos EUA\"."@pt . . . . . . . . . . "20"^^ . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (Torrington (Connecticut), 9 mei 1800 - Charles Town (Virginia), 2 december 1859) was een Amerikaanse militante strijder tegen de slavernij in de VS. In 1859 werd hij opgehangen naar aanleiding van een mislukte poging een slavenopstand te starten."@nl . . . "no"@en . . . . . . . . "y"@en . . "John Brown by Augustus Washington, 1846-47.png"@en . . . . "1859-12-02"^^ . "John Brown (May 9, 1800 \u2013 December 2, 1859) was an American abolitionist leader. First reaching national prominence for his radical abolitionism and fighting in Bleeding Kansas, he was eventually captured and executed for a failed incitement of a slave rebellion at Harpers Ferry preceding the American Civil War. An evangelical Christian of strong religious convictions, Brown was profoundly influenced by the Puritan faith of his upbringing. He believed that he was \"an instrument of God\", raised up to strike the \"death blow\" to American slavery, a \"sacred obligation\". Brown was the leading exponent of violence in the American abolitionist movement: he believed that violence was necessary to end American slavery, since decades of peaceful efforts had failed. Brown said repeatedly that in working to free the enslaved, he was following Christian ethics, including the Golden Rule, as well as the U.S. Declaration of Independence, which states that \"all men are created equal\". He stated repeatedly that in his view, these two principles \"meant the same thing\". Brown first gained national attention when he led anti-slavery volunteers and his own sons during the Bleeding Kansas Crisis of the late 1850s, a state-level civil war over whether Kansas would enter the Union as a slave state or a free state. He was dissatisfied with abolitionist pacifism, saying of pacifists, \"These men are all talk. What we need is action \u2013 action!\". In May 1856, Brown and his sons killed five supporters of slavery in the Pottawatomie massacre, a response to the sacking of Lawrence by pro-slavery forces. Brown then commanded anti-slavery forces at the Battle of Black Jack and the Battle of Osawatomie. In October 1859, Brown led a raid on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (today West Virginia), intending to start a slave liberation movement that would spread south; he had prepared a Provisional Constitution for the revised, slavery-free United States that he hoped to bring about. He seized the armory, but seven people were killed, and ten or more were injured. Brown intended to arm slaves with weapons from the armory, but only a few slaves joined his revolt. Those of Brown's men who had not fled were killed or captured by local militia and U.S. Marines, the latter led by Robert E. Lee. Brown was tried for treason against the Commonwealth of Virginia, the murder of five men, and inciting a slave insurrection. He was found guilty of all charges and was hanged on December 2, 1859, the first person executed for treason in the history of the United States. The Harpers Ferry raid and Brown's trial, both covered extensively in national newspapers, escalated tensions that led, a year later, to the South's long-threatened secession and the American Civil War. Southerners feared that others would soon follow in Brown's footsteps, encouraging and arming slave rebellions. He was a hero and icon in the North. Union soldiers marched to the new song \"John Brown's Body\", that portrayed him as a heroic martyr. Brown has been variously described as a heroic martyr and visionary, and as a madman and terrorist."@en . "Dianthe Lusk"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\uFF08John Brown\uFF1B1800\u5E745\u67089\u65E5\uFF0D1859\u5E7412\u67082\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u7F8E\u56FD\u8D77\u4E49\u9886\u8896\u3001\u5E9F\u5974\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005\uFF0C1856\u5E74\u66FE\u53C2\u52A0\u582A\u8428\u65AF\u5185\u6218\uFF0C\u8D62\u5F97\u80DC\u5229\u30021859\u5E74\u4ED6\u7387\u4F17\u5728\u54C8\u4F2F\u65AF\u8D39\u91CC\u8209\u4E8B\uFF0C\u8981\u6C42\u5E9F\u9664\u5974\u96B6\u5236\uFF0C\u5E76\u902E\u6355\u4E00\u4E9B\u838A\u5712\u4E3B\uFF0C\u89E3\u653E\u4E86\u8BB8\u591A\u5974\u96B6\u3002\u8209\u4E8B\u5931\u5229\uFF0C\u5E03\u6717\u88AB\u6355\u5E76\u88AB\u8655\u7D5E\u3002 \u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u6700\u5F00\u59CB\u5728\u8840\u6FFA\u582A\u85A9\u65AF\u5371\u673A\u4E2D\u5F15\u8D77\u4E86\u6CE8\u610F\u529B\u3002\u4E0D\u50CF\u5927\u591A\u6570\u5317\u65B9\u4EBA\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5E94\u8BE5\u901A\u8FC7\u548C\u5E73\u624B\u6BB5\uFF0C\u4EE5\u8AC7\u5224\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF0C\u5354\u8ABF\u89E3\u51B3\u5974\u96B6\u5236\u5E9F\u5B58\u95EE\u9898\uFF0C\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5E94\u8BE5\u91C7\u53D6\u66B4\u52A8\u3002\u4ED6\u8BF4\uFF1A\u201C\u8FD9\u4E9B\u4EBA\u53EA\u6703\u7A7A\u5634\u8584\u820C\u3002\u6211\u4EEC\u9700\u8981\u7684\u662F\u884C\u52A8\uFF0C\u884C\u52A8\uFF01\u201D\uFF08\"These men are all talk. What we need is action - action!\"\uFF09 \u57281856\u5E745\u6708\u582A\u8428\u65AF\u7684\u8FD0\u52A8\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4ED6\u548C\u540C\u4F34\u6740\u5BB3\u4E865\u540D\u5357\u65B9\u5974\u96B6\u4E3B\u30021859\u5E74\u4ED6\u5728\u5F17\u5409\u5C3C\u4E9A\u5DDE\u54C8\u73C0\u65AF\u8D39\u91CC\u53D1\u52A8\u8D77\u4E49\uFF0C7\u4EBA\uFF08\u5305\u62EC\u4E00\u540D\u9ED1\u4EBA\uFF09\u4E27\u751F\uFF0C10\u4F59\u4EBA\u53D7\u4F24\u30023\u5929\u4E4B\u540E\uFF0C\u4ED6\u7684\u540C\u4F34\u591A\u88AB\u6740\u5BB3\uFF0C\u8D77\u4E49\u88AB\u7F57\u4F2F\u7279\u00B7\u674E\u5C06\u519B\u9547\u538B\uFF0C\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u81EA\u5DF1\u4EA6\u88AB\u902E\u6355\u5E76\u8655\u6C7A\u3002\u7D04\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717\u7684\u6B7B\u6210\u4E3A\u4E86\u5F15\u53D1\u5357\u5317\u6218\u4E89\u7684\u91CD\u8981\u539F\u56E0\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . "John Brown (Torrington, Connecticut, Ameriketako Estatu Batuak, 1800eko maiatzaren 9a - Charles Town, Virginia, Ameriketako Estatu Batuak, 1859ko abenduaren 2a) abolizionista izan zen, Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan esklabotasuna ezeztatzeko bide bakarra armetan altxatzea zela aldezten zuena. Halaxe egin zuen berak, eta atxilotu eta urkatu egin zuten. Haren matxinada armatua izan zen Estatu Batuetako Gerra Zibilaren eragileetako bat."@eu . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0443\u043D (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Brown; 9 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1800 \u2014 2 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044F 1859) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u043B\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u0443 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u0412\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043B \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044F \u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043B\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u0432 \u041A\u0430\u043D\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435. \u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0443\u044E \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0451\u043B \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043B\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043D\u0430\u043B \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441-\u0424\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438 \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E\u0441\u044F \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044C\u044E."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30D6\u30E9\u30A6\u30F3 (\u5974\u96B7\u5236\u5EA6\u5EC3\u6B62\u904B\u52D5\u5BB6)"@ja . "John Brown (* 9. Mai 1800 in Torrington, Connecticut; \u2020 2. Dezember 1859 in Charles Town, Virginia, heute West Virginia) war ein US-amerikanischer Abolitionist, der sich gegen die Sklaverei in den USA auflehnte. Bekannt ist Brown vor allem wegen des \u00DCberfalls auf das Waffenarsenal in Harpers Ferry. Unter seiner F\u00FChrung wollte eine Gruppe von 19 Personen mit diesem \u00DCberfall die Befreiung und Bewaffnung von Sklaven erreichen. Der Versuch, einen Sklavenaufstand zu initiieren, misslang und Brown wurde anschlie\u00DFend der Prozess gemacht und hingerichtet. Der \u00DCberfall und der Prozess erhielten erhebliche \u00F6ffentliche, kontrovers gef\u00FChrte, Aufmerksamkeit."@de . "no"@en . . "no"@en . . . . . "John Brown, n\u00E9 le 9 mai 1800 \u00E0 Torrington dans l'\u00C9tat du Connecticut et mort par pendaison le 2 d\u00E9cembre 1859 \u00E0 Charles Town, dans l'\u00C9tat de la Virginie (maintenant en Virginie-Occidentale), est un abolitionniste am\u00E9ricain qui en appela \u00E0 l'insurrection arm\u00E9e pour abolir l'esclavage. Il est l'auteur des assassinats de Pottawatomie en 1856 au Kansas et d'une tentative d'insurrection \u00E0 Harpers Ferry en 1859 qui se termine par son arrestation, sa condamnation \u00E0 mort pour trahison contre l'\u00C9tat de Virginie et par sa pendaison. Le pr\u00E9sident Abraham Lincoln le d\u00E9crivit comme un \u00AB fanatique \u00BB. L'activisme sanglant de John Brown, son raid sur Harpers Ferry et sa fin tragique sont parmi les causes de la guerre de S\u00E9cession. Personnalit\u00E9 contemporaine et historique tr\u00E8s controvers\u00E9e, John Brown est ainsi d\u00E9crit \u00E0 la fois comme un martyr ou un terroriste, un visionnaire ou un fanatique, un z\u00E9lote ou un humaniste. La chanson John Brown's Body (titre original de The Battle Hymn of the Republic) devint un hymne nordiste durant la guerre de S\u00E9cession."@fr . . . . . "1123827483"^^ . . "-73.9718017578125"^^ . . . . "John Brown (9. kv\u011Btna 1800 , Connecticut \u2013 2. prosince 1859 , Z\u00E1padn\u00ED Virginie) byl americk\u00FD radik\u00E1ln\u00ED abolicionista a k\u0159es\u0165an, kter\u00FD v\u011B\u0159il, \u017Ee ozbrojen\u00E9 povst\u00E1n\u00ED je jedinou cestou k ukon\u010Den\u00ED otrok\u00E1\u0159stv\u00ED ve Spojen\u00FDch st\u00E1tech. Pat\u0159\u00ED k rozporupln\u00FDm postav\u00E1m americk\u00FDch d\u011Bjin. Abraham Lincoln o n\u011Bm napsal, \u017Ee je to nebezpe\u010Dn\u00FD fanatik, dodnes o n\u011Bm n\u011Bkte\u0159\u00ED historici tvrd\u00ED, \u017Ee byl jedn\u00EDm z otc\u016F terorismu, zat\u00EDmco jin\u00ED ho obdivuj\u00ED jako \u201Enejstate\u010Dn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDho a nejhum\u00E1nn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDho \u010Dlov\u011Bka v zemi\" a \u201E\u010Dlov\u011Bka v\u00FDjime\u010Dn\u00E9ho, kter\u00FD si cenil sv\u00FDch ide\u00E1l\u016F v\u00EDce ne\u017E vlastn\u00EDho \u017Eivota.\" Proslavil se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm sv\u00FDm ne\u00FAsp\u011B\u0161n\u00FDm \u00FAtokem na feder\u00E1ln\u00ED zbrojnici 16. \u0159\u00EDjna 1859 v Harpers Ferry ve Virginii (dne\u0161n\u00ED Z\u00E1padn\u00ED Virginii). Jeho c\u00EDlem bylo vyzbrojit uprchl\u00E9 otroky a vyvolat povst\u00E1n\u00ED proti otrok\u00E1\u0159\u016Fm. Historikov\u00E9 se shoduj\u00ED, \u017Ee hr\u00E1l v\u00FDznamnou roli v ud\u00E1lostech vedouc\u00EDch k Americk\u00E9 ob\u010Dansk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce."@cs . . . . "\u0411\u0440\u0430\u0443\u043D, \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D (\u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442)"@ru . "right"@en . "1800-05-09"^^ . . . . . . . "no"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30D6\u30E9\u30A6\u30F3\uFF08John Brown\u30011800\u5E745\u67089\u65E5 - 1859\u5E7412\u67082\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u306E\u5974\u96B7\u5236\u5EA6\u5EC3\u6B62\u904B\u52D5\u5BB6\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown signature.svg"@en . . . "Ba Meirice\u00E1naigh \u00E9 John Brown a rugadh ar an 9 Bealtaine, 1800 i d agus fuair b\u00E1s ar an 2 Nollaig, 1859."@ga . . . . . "Statues in Kansas City, Kansas, and North Elba, New York; Tragic Prelude, mural in the Kansas State Capitol; John Brown Farm State Historic Site, North Elba, New York; John Brown Museum and John Brown Historic Park, Osawatomie, Kansas; Museum and Statue, Akron, Ohio; John Brown Tannery Site, Guys Mills, Pennsylvania"@en . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (ur. 9 maja 1800 w Torrington, zm. 2 grudnia 1859 w Charles Town) \u2013 jeden z g\u0142\u00F3wnych przedstawicieli abolicjonizmu ameryka\u0144skiego. By\u0142 idealist\u0105, nieprzejednanym wrogiem posiadaczy niewolnik\u00F3w, kt\u00F3rych uwa\u017Ca\u0142 za przest\u0119pc\u00F3w. W maju 1856 w czasie walk w Kansas, by pom\u015Bci\u0107 \u015Bmier\u0107 pi\u0119ciu poleg\u0142ych osadnik\u00F3w p\u00F3\u0142nocnych, urz\u0105dzi\u0142 ze swymi czterema synami, zi\u0119ciem i dwoma s\u0105siadami napad na proniewolniczych osadnik\u00F3w po\u0142udniowych, zabijaj\u0105c pi\u0119ciu z nich. Pie\u015B\u0144 John Brown's Body, po\u015Bwi\u0119cona \u015Bmierci Johna Browna, sta\u0142a si\u0119 jedn\u0105 z pie\u015Bni bojowych armii Unii."@pl . . . . . "John Brown"@en . . "no"@en . . . . . . "POINT(-73.971801757812 44.252239227295)"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . "1859"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "\u062C\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646"@ar . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0443\u043D (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Brown; 9 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1800, \u0422\u043E\u0440\u0440\u0456\u043D\u0433\u0442\u043E\u043D, \u041A\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0443\u0442 \u2014 2 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u044F 1859, \u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0437-\u0422\u0430\u0443\u043D, \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0412\u0456\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043D\u0456\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0435\u0440, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u0447\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u0411\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0446\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0433\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438. \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044F \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30B8\u30E7\u30F3\u30FB\u30D6\u30E9\u30A6\u30F3\uFF08John Brown\u30011800\u5E745\u67089\u65E5 - 1859\u5E7412\u67082\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u306E\u5974\u96B7\u5236\u5EA6\u5EC3\u6B62\u904B\u52D5\u5BB6\u3002"@ja . "Photo by Augustus Washington,"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "77323"^^ . . . . "Charles Town, Virginia , U.S."@en . . . . "John Brown"@pl . . . . . . . "John Brown (9 Mei 1800 \u2013 2 Desember 1859) adalah tokoh abolisionisme di Amerika Serikat yang meyakini bahwa hanya dengan mengangkat senjatalah perbudakan dapat dihapuskan di Amerika Serikat. Ia pertama kali menarik perhatian umum saat ia memimpin beberapa sukarelawan selama krisis Kansas Berdarah pada tahun 1856. Ia merasa tidak puas dengan gerakan penghapusan perbudakan yang memakai cara damai, karena menurutnya mereka hanya banyak bicara saja. Pada Mei 1856, Brown dan para pendukungnya membunuh lima pendukung perbudakan dalam peristiwa , yang merupakan pembalasan terhadap oleh pasukan pro-perbudakan. Brown lalu memimpin pasukan anti-perbudakan dalam (2 Juni) dan (30 Agustus 1856)."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John BROWN [\u011Don bra\u016Dn] (Torrington, Usono, Connecticut, la 9-an de majo 1800 \u2013 Charlestown, Virginio, la 2-an de decembro 1859) estis usona aboliciisto, kiu ka\u016Dzis atakon kontra\u016D armildeponejo en Harper's Perry, Okcidenta Virginio, kaj kies persona ofero kaj morto estis inter la ka\u016Dzoj de la Usona Enlanda Milito."@eo . . . . . . . . . . "\uC874 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4(John Brown, 1800\uB144 5\uC6D4 9\uC77C ~ 1859\uB144 12\uC6D4 2\uC77C)\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4 \uD3D0\uC9C0\uB860\uC790\uB85C, \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uCCA0\uD3D0\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C \uBC29\uBC95\uC740 \uC624\uB85C\uC9C0 \uBB34\uC7A5 \uBD09\uAE30\uBC16\uC5D0 \uC5C6\uB2E4\uB294 \uC2E0\uB150\uC744 \uAC00\uC84C\uB2E4. 1856\uB144\uC758 \uD53C\uC758 \uCE94\uC790\uC2A4 \uC0AC\uD0DC \uB2F9\uC2DC \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uBE14\uB799\uC7AD \uC804\uD22C\uC640 \uC624\uC0AC\uC640\uD1A0\uBBF8 \uC804\uD22C\uB97C \uC9C0\uD718\uD588\uB2E4. \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uACFC \uADF8 \uCD94\uC885\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4 \uC639\uD638\uB860\uC790 \uB2E4\uC12F \uBA85\uC744 \uC7A1\uC544\uB2E4 \uC8FD\uC600\uB2E4. 1859\uB144, \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uD558\uD37C\uC988\uD398\uB9AC\uC758 \uC5F0\uBC29\uAD70 \uC870\uBCD1\uCC3D\uC744 \uD588\uB2E4. \uC870\uBCD1\uCC3D\uC5D0\uC11C \uBB34\uAE30\uB97C \uD0C8\uCDE8\uD558\uC5EC \uB178\uC608\uB4E4\uC744 \uBB34\uC7A5\uC2DC\uD0A4\uB824\uB294 \uC791\uC815\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD558\uC9C0\uB9CC \uACF5\uACA9\uC740 \uC2E4\uD328\uD588\uACE0, 36 \uC2DC\uAC04 \uB9CC\uC5D0 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4 \uC77C\uB2F9\uC740 \uC9C0\uC5ED \uB178\uC608\uB18D\uC7A5\uC8FC\uB4E4\uACFC \uBBFC\uBCD1\uB300, \uB85C\uBC84\uD2B8 \uB9AC\uAC00 \uC9C0\uD718\uD558\uB294 \uD574\uBCD1\uB300\uC5D0\uAC8C \uD3EC\uC704\uB2F9\uD588\uB2E4. \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC774 \uC5F0\uBC29\uAD70\uC758 \uD3EC\uB85C\uAC00 \uB428\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uC774 \uC0AC\uAC74\uC5D0 \uC628 \uB098\uB77C\uC758 \uC774\uBAA9\uC774 \uC9D1\uC911\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uB0A8\uBD80\uC778\uB4E4\uC740 \uC774\uAC83\uC774 \uC790\uC2E0\uB4E4\uC758 \uC0DD\uBA85\uC744 \uC704\uD611\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uB178\uC608 \uBC18\uB780\uC744 \uC870\uC7A5\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C \uBD81\uBD80\uC778\uB4E4\uC758 \uACC4\uD68D\uC758 \uCCAB \uB2E8\uACC4\uB85C \uC5EC\uAE30\uACE0 \uACF5\uD3EC\uC5D0 \uB5A8\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uACF5\uD654\uB2F9\uC740 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uC18C\uBB38\uC744 \uC77C\uCD95\uD558\uACE0, \uB0A8\uBD80\uC758 \uB178\uC608\uC81C\uB3C4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uAC04\uC12D\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACA0\uB2E4\uB294 \uC885\uB798 \uC785\uC7A5\uC744 \uACE0\uC218\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . . . . "1859"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (abolicionista)"@ca . . . "\uC874 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4(John Brown, 1800\uB144 5\uC6D4 9\uC77C ~ 1859\uB144 12\uC6D4 2\uC77C)\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4 \uD3D0\uC9C0\uB860\uC790\uB85C, \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uCCA0\uD3D0\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C \uBC29\uBC95\uC740 \uC624\uB85C\uC9C0 \uBB34\uC7A5 \uBD09\uAE30\uBC16\uC5D0 \uC5C6\uB2E4\uB294 \uC2E0\uB150\uC744 \uAC00\uC84C\uB2E4. 1856\uB144\uC758 \uD53C\uC758 \uCE94\uC790\uC2A4 \uC0AC\uD0DC \uB2F9\uC2DC \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uBE14\uB799\uC7AD \uC804\uD22C\uC640 \uC624\uC0AC\uC640\uD1A0\uBBF8 \uC804\uD22C\uB97C \uC9C0\uD718\uD588\uB2E4. \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uACFC \uADF8 \uCD94\uC885\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC758 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4 \uC639\uD638\uB860\uC790 \uB2E4\uC12F \uBA85\uC744 \uC7A1\uC544\uB2E4 \uC8FD\uC600\uB2E4. 1859\uB144, \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uD558\uD37C\uC988\uD398\uB9AC\uC758 \uC5F0\uBC29\uAD70 \uC870\uBCD1\uCC3D\uC744 \uD588\uB2E4. \uC870\uBCD1\uCC3D\uC5D0\uC11C \uBB34\uAE30\uB97C \uD0C8\uCDE8\uD558\uC5EC \uB178\uC608\uB4E4\uC744 \uBB34\uC7A5\uC2DC\uD0A4\uB824\uB294 \uC791\uC815\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uD558\uC9C0\uB9CC \uACF5\uACA9\uC740 \uC2E4\uD328\uD588\uACE0, 36 \uC2DC\uAC04 \uB9CC\uC5D0 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4 \uC77C\uB2F9\uC740 \uC9C0\uC5ED \uB178\uC608\uB18D\uC7A5\uC8FC\uB4E4\uACFC \uBBFC\uBCD1\uB300, \uB85C\uBC84\uD2B8 \uB9AC\uAC00 \uC9C0\uD718\uD558\uB294 \uD574\uBCD1\uB300\uC5D0\uAC8C \uD3EC\uC704\uB2F9\uD588\uB2E4. \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC774 \uC5F0\uBC29\uAD70\uC758 \uD3EC\uB85C\uAC00 \uB428\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uC774 \uC0AC\uAC74\uC5D0 \uC628 \uB098\uB77C\uC758 \uC774\uBAA9\uC774 \uC9D1\uC911\uB418\uC5C8\uACE0, \uB0A8\uBD80\uC778\uB4E4\uC740 \uC774\uAC83\uC774 \uC790\uC2E0\uB4E4\uC758 \uC0DD\uBA85\uC744 \uC704\uD611\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uB178\uC608 \uBC18\uB780\uC744 \uC870\uC7A5\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C \uBD81\uBD80\uC778\uB4E4\uC758 \uACC4\uD68D\uC758 \uCCAB \uB2E8\uACC4\uB85C \uC5EC\uAE30\uACE0 \uACF5\uD3EC\uC5D0 \uB5A8\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uACF5\uD654\uB2F9\uC740 \uC774\uB7EC\uD55C \uC18C\uBB38\uC744 \uC77C\uCD95\uD558\uACE0, \uB0A8\uBD80\uC758 \uB178\uC608\uC81C\uB3C4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uAC04\uC12D\uD558\uC9C0 \uC54A\uACA0\uB2E4\uB294 \uC885\uB798 \uC785\uC7A5\uC744 \uACE0\uC218\uD588\uB2E4. \uD558\uD37C\uC988\uD398\uB9AC\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC758 \uD751\uC778 \uB178\uC608 \uD574\uBC29\uC6B4\uB3D9\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uC804\uCCB4\uB97C \uD765\uBD84\uC2DC\uCF30\uB2E4. \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uBC84\uC9C0\uB2C8\uC544 \uC8FC\uC815\uBD80\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uBC18\uC5ED\uC8C4, \uB2E4\uC12F \uBA85\uC758 \uB0A8\uC131\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC0B4\uC778\uC8C4, \uB178\uC608\uB4E4\uC758 \uBC18\uB780\uC744 \uC120\uB3D9\uD55C \uC8C4\uB85C \uC7AC\uD310\uC5D0 \uD68C\uBD80\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC0C1\uAE30 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0AC\uD56D\uC5D0\uC11C \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uC720\uC8C4\uB97C \uC120\uACE0\uBC1B\uACE0 \uBAA9\uB9E4\uB2EC\uB824 \uC8FD\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB0A8\uBD80\uC778\uB4E4\uC740 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC758 \uBD09\uAE30\uB294 \uBE59\uC0B0\uC758 \uC77C\uAC01\uC5D0 \uBD88\uACFC\uD558\uBA70 \uB178\uC608\uC81C\uB97C \uD3D0\uC9C0\uD558\uAE30 \uC6D0\uD558\uB294 \uACF5\uD654\uB2F9\uC758 \uC758\uC0AC\uB97C \uBC18\uC601\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD588\uB2E4. \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uC639\uD638\uD558\uB294 \uD30C\uB2F9\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uD3C9\uD654\uC801 \uC800\uD56D\uC744 \uACE0\uC218\uD55C \uB2E4\uB978 \uBD81\uBD80\uC778\uB4E4\uACFC \uB2EC\uB9AC, \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uD3C9\uD654\uC801 \uC800\uD56D\uC740 \uD6A8\uACFC\uAC00 \uC5C6\uC73C\uBA70 \uC5B5\uC555\uC801\uC778 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uB9D0\uC0B4\uD558\uB294 \uAE38\uC740 \uC624\uB85C\uC9C0 \uD3ED\uB825 \uD601\uBA85\uBC16\uC5D0 \uC5C6\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD310\uB2E8\uD588\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uC790\uC2E0\uC774 \uB178\uC608\uB97C \uC18C\uC720\uD558\uB294 \uC8C4\uB97C \uBC94\uD55C \uC790\uB4E4\uC5D0 \uB300\uD55C \uC2E0\uC758 \uBD84\uB178\uB97C \uB300\uD589\uD558\uB294 \uB3C4\uAD6C\uB77C\uACE0 \uBBFF\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC5ED\uC0AC\uD559\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uC874 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC774 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uB0A8\uBD81\uC804\uC7C1\uC758 \uC2DC\uC791\uC5D0 \uC911\uC694\uD55C \uC5ED\uD560\uC744 \uD588\uC74C\uC5D0 \uB3D9\uC758\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uB294 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC758 \uC870\uBCD1\uCC3D \uC2B5\uACA9\uC0AC\uAC74\uC73C\uB85C \uC57C\uAE30\uB41C \uAC10\uC815\uC801 \uD6A8\uACFC\uAC00 \uB9C1\uCEE8-\uB354\uAE00\uB7EC\uC2A4 \uB17C\uC7C1\uC758 \uCCA0\uD559\uC801 \uD6A8\uACFC\uBCF4\uB2E4 \uD6E8\uC52C \uC601\uD5A5\uB825\uC774 \uCEF8\uC73C\uBA70, \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC758 \uC2B5\uACA9\uC774 \uB0A8\uBD80\uC640 \uBD81\uBD80 \uC0AC\uC774\uC758 \uBFCC\uB9AC\uAE4A\uC740 \uACE8\uC744 \uC218\uBA74 \uC704\uB85C \uB4DC\uB7EC\uB0C8\uB2E4\uACE0 \uB9D0\uD55C\uB2E4. \uBE0C\uB8E8\uC2A4 \uC62C\uC988 \uB4F1 \uBA87\uBA87 \uC800\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC744 \uD3B8\uC9D1\uC99D\uC801\uC778 \uAD11\uC2E0\uC790\uB77C\uACE0 \uD3C4\uD558\uD588\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uC774\uC640 \uC0C1\uBC18\uB418\uB294 \uD3C9\uAC00\uB97C \uD558\uB294 \uC0AC\uB78C\uB3C4 \uB9CE\uB2E4. \uB294 \u201C\uADF8 \uC138\uB300\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uD1B5\uCC30\uB825 \uC788\uC5C8\uB358 \uC778\uAC04\uB4E4 \uC911 \uD55C \uBA85\u201D\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uD3C9\uAC00\uD588\uB2E4. \uB294 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC744 \u201C\uB178\uC608\uC81C\uB3C4\uB97C \uC8FD\uC774\uACE0, \uB0A8\uBD81\uC804\uC7C1\uC758 \uBD88\uC528\uB97C \uB315\uACBC\uC73C\uBA70, \uC2DC\uBBFC \uC778\uAD8C\uC758 \uC885\uC790\uB97C \uBFCC\uB838\uB2E4\u201D\uB77C\uACE0 \uADF9\uCC2C\uD588\uACE0, \uB9AC\uCC98\uB4DC \uC624\uC6EC \uBCF4\uC774\uC5B4\uB294 \u201C\uB2E4\uB978 \uC218\uBC31\uB9CC \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778\uC744 \uC790\uC720\uB86D\uAC8C \uB9CC\uB4E4\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uC790\uAE30 \uD55C \uBAA9\uC228\uC744 \uB0B4\uB193\uC740 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC778\u201D\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uAC15\uC870\uD588\uB2E4. \u3008\uC874 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC758 \uC2DC\uCCB4\u3009\uB77C\uB294 \uB178\uB798\uC5D0\uC11C \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uC601\uC6C5\uC801\uC778 \uC21C\uAD50\uC790\uB85C \uBB18\uC0AC\uB418\uC5C8\uB294\uB370, \uC774 \uB178\uB798\uB294 \uB0A8\uBD81\uC804\uC7C1 \uB2F9\uC2DC \uBD81\uBD80\uC5F0\uBC29\uAD70\uC758 \uAD70\uAC00\uB85C \uC560\uCC3D\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB0A8\uBD81\uC804\uC7C1 \uBC1C\uBC1C \uC774\uC804\uC5D0 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC774 \uB178\uC608 \uC81C\uB3C4 \uD3D0\uC9C0\uB860\uC790\uB85C\uC11C \uCDE8\uD55C \uD589\uB3D9 \uBC0F \uADF8\uAC00 \uCC44\uD0DD\uD55C \uC804\uB7B5\uC73C\uB85C \uC778\uD574 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC740 \uD604\uC7AC\uAE4C\uC9C0\uB3C4 \uB9E4\uC6B0 \uB17C\uC7C1\uC801\uC778 \uC778\uBB3C\uC774\uB2E4. \uC120\uACAC\uC9C0\uBA85\uC774 \uC788\uB294 \uC601\uC6C5\uC801 \uC21C\uAD50\uC790\uB85C \uAE30\uB150\uB418\uB294\uAC00 \uD558\uBA74, \uBBF8\uCE58\uAD11\uC774 \uD14C\uB7EC\uB9AC\uC2A4\uD2B8\uB85C \uBE44\uB09C\uBC1B\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC5ED\uC0AC\uD559\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC744 \u2018\uCD5C\uCD08\uC758 \uBBF8\uAD6D \uAD6D\uB0B4 \uD14C\uB7EC\uB9AC\uC2A4\uD2B8\u2019\uB77C\uACE0 \uD3C9\uAC00\uD574\uC57C\uD560\uC9C0\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574 \uB17C\uC7C1\uC744 \uC774\uC5B4\uAC00\uACE0 \uC788\uB294\uB370, \uB9CE\uC740 \uD559\uC790\uB4E4\uC740 \u2018\uD14C\uB7EC\uB9AC\uC2A4\uD2B8\u2019\uB77C\uB294 \uB2E8\uC5B4\uB294 \uBE0C\uB77C\uC6B4\uC744 \uC124\uBA85\uD558\uAE30\uC5D0 \uC801\uC808\uD558\uC9C0 \uBABB\uD558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uD310\uB2E8\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . "John Brown, f\u00F6dd 9 maj 1800 i Torrington i Connecticut, d\u00F6d (avr\u00E4ttad) 2 december 1859 i Charles Town i Virginia (i nuvarande West Virginia), var en amerikansk slaverimotst\u00E5ndare."@sv . . "John Brown"@cs . . "1800"^^ . . . "John Brown (Connecticut, 1800 - Virg\u00EDnia, 1859) foi um abolicionista norte-americano. Abolicionista convicto, ao longo da d\u00E9cada de 1850, defendeu e praticou a\u00E7\u00F5es armadas com o objetivo de abolir a escravid\u00E3o nos Estados Unidos da Am\u00E9rica. Liderou, em 1856, o , no Kansas. Na a\u00E7\u00E3o, cinco pessoas foram mortas. Sua fama veio, principalmente, em fun\u00E7\u00E3o da fracassada a\u00E7\u00E3o no ataque ao arsenal de Harpers Ferry, quando acabou preso. O ataque ocorreu em 1859. Brown foi julgado e condenado \u00E0 morte por enforcamento. Ao longo do julgamento, seus discursos ganharam proje\u00E7\u00E3o nacional. Brown foi chamado, entre outras alcunhas, de \"o mais controverso norte-americano do s\u00E9culo XIX\" e \"o primeiro terrorista dom\u00E9stico dos EUA\". Brown tentou iniciar, em 1859, um movimento de liberta\u00E7\u00E3o entre os escravos de Harpers Ferry, uma cidade da Virg\u00EDnia Ocidental. Com ajuda de alguns colegas (inclusive Clara Barton) sua a\u00E7\u00E3o colocou o pa\u00EDs em polvorosa. O abolicionista acabou preso e julgado por trai\u00E7\u00E3o ao Estado da Virg\u00EDnia, pela morte de cinco sulistas defensores da escravid\u00E3o e por incitar uma rebeli\u00E3o de escravos. Brown foi declarado culpado de todos os crimes e enforcado. Sulistas alegaram que o tipo de movimento liderado por Brown era apenas a ponta do iceberg representado pelas ideias abolicionistas do Partido Republicano. Historiadores afirmam que o conflito em Harpers Ferry precipitou as tens\u00F5es que, em seguida, levariam \u00E0 secess\u00E3o norte-americana e \u00E0 guerra civil ocorrida nos Estados Unidos entre 1861 e 1865. Brown inicialmente obteve certa proje\u00E7\u00E3o quando liderou um grupo de volunt\u00E1rios durante o epis\u00F3dio conhecido como Kansas Sangrento, ocorrido em meados dos anos 1850. O acontecimento foi marcado por violentos confrontos entre antiescravagistas e partid\u00E1rios da escravid\u00E3o. Diferentemente de outros nortistas que defendiam uma resist\u00EAncia pac\u00EDfica \u00E0 escravid\u00E3o, Brown apoiava a\u00E7\u00F5es violentas em resposta \u00E0s agress\u00F5es escravagistas do Sul dos EUA. Insatisfeito com o pacifismo pretendido pelo movimento abolicionista organizado, ele supostamente teria dito que \"Estes homens est\u00E3o todos falando. N\u00F3s precisamos de a\u00E7\u00E3o - a\u00E7\u00E3o!\" Durante sua campanha no Kansas, Brown e seus homens assassinaram cinco escravagistas do Sul, no que ficou conhecido como o \"Massacre de Pottawatomie\", em maio de 1856. Em 1859, ele liderou um ataque ao dep\u00F3sito federal de armas de Harpers Ferry. Durante o ataque, tomou o dep\u00F3sito; sete pessoas foram mortas e 10 ou mais ficaram feridas. Brown pretendia espalhar entre os escravos as armas obtidas no arsenal militar, mas seu plano falhou. Ao longo de 36 horas, seus homens fugiram, foram mortos ou capturados por escravagistas armados, milicianos e marines comandados por Robert Lee. A captura de Brown chamou a aten\u00E7\u00E3o da popula\u00E7\u00E3o norte-americana, basicamente em fun\u00E7\u00E3o do medo dos sulistas de que aquele fosse apenas o primeiro de muitos planos nortistas para acabar com a escravid\u00E3o e amea\u00E7ar as pr\u00F3prias vidas dos habitantes daqueles estados. Ao longo do per\u00EDodo, no entanto, os Republicanos do norte reafirmaram que esta ideia estava equivocada e que n\u00E3o haveria interfer\u00EAncia no sistema escravista do sul dos EUA. Historiadores concordam que John Brown desempenhou um importante papel no in\u00EDcio da Guerra Civil norte-americana. Davis Potter (1976) afirmou que o efeito emocional dos ataques de Brown foi ainda maior que o impacto filos\u00F3fico dos Debates_Lincoln\u2013Douglas, revelando uma profunda divis\u00E3o entre o Norte e o Sul dos EUA. As a\u00E7\u00F5es e t\u00E1ticas de Brown, anteriores \u00E0 Guerra, fizeram dele uma figura controversa. Eventualmente, \u00E9 visto por \u00E2ngulos distintos, \u00E0 luz da hist\u00F3ria: ora como um m\u00E1rtir heroico da liberdade, ora como um vil\u00E3o, desequilibrado e terrorista. Alguns escritores, como , definem-no como um fan\u00E1tico obcecado, enquanto outros, como , enxergam em Brown \"um dos mais perceptivos seres humanos de sua gera\u00E7\u00E3o\". , por sua vez, considera-o como \"o homem que acabou com a escravid\u00E3o, acendeu a fagulha da Guerra Civil e plantou a semente dos direitos civis\". enfatizou que Brown \"deu a sua vida para que milh\u00F5es de outros norte-americanos pudessem ter liberdade\". Para , ele \"em certo per\u00EDodo, foi um grande homem\", mas, tamb\u00E9m, foi \"o pai do terrorismo nos EUA\". A m\u00FAsica \"John Brown's Body\" tornou-se um hino durante a Guerra Civil Norte-americana."@pt . . . "Treason against the Commonwealth of Virginia; murder; inciting slave insurrection"@en . "t"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "--05-12"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . 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""@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1833-06-14"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (abolitionist)"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1859-12-02"^^ . . . . "John Brown"@eu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"John Brown by Augustus Washington, 1846-7.png"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (Torrington, Connecticut, 9 de maig de 1800 - Charles Town, Virg\u00EDnia de l'Oest, 2 de desembre de 1859) va ser un abolicionista estatunidenc que va creure i va advocar per la insurrecci\u00F3 armada com l'\u00FAnica manera de derrocar la instituci\u00F3 de l'esclavitud als Estats Units. Va ser focus d'atenci\u00F3 quan va dirigir petits grups de voluntaris durant la crisi de Bleeding Kansas de 1856. Estava insatisfet amb el pacifisme del moviment abolicionista organitzat: \"Aquests homes nom\u00E9s parlen, el que necessitem \u00E9s acci\u00F3-acci\u00F3!\". Al maig de 1856, Brown i els seus partidaris van matar cinc simpatitzants de l'esclavitud en la massacre de Pottawatomie, que era la resposta al saqueig de Lawrence per part de forces proesclavistes. Brown va comandar les forces antiesclavistes a la batalla de Black Jack (2 de juny) i la Batalla d'Osawatomie (30 d'agost). El 1859 Brown va liderar una a l'arsenal federal de Harpers Ferry (encara Virg\u00EDnia, en aquell moment) per iniciar un moviment d'alliberament entre els esclaus que hi havia all\u00ED. Tenia la intenci\u00F3 d'armar els esclaus amb armes de l'arsenal, per\u00F2 l'atac va fracassar; es va apoderar de l'arsenal, per\u00F2 set persones van morir i deu o m\u00E9s van resultar ferides. En 36 hores, els homes de Brown havien fugit o havien estat assassinats o capturats per camperols locals, milicians i militars dels EUA liderats per Robert E. Lee. Va ser jutjat per tra\u00EFci\u00F3 contra la Mancomunitat de Virg\u00EDnia, l'assassinat de cinc homes, i incitaci\u00F3 a una insurrecci\u00F3 d'esclaus; va ser considerat culpable de tots els c\u00E0rrecs, i va ser penjat a Charles Town aquell mateix any."@ca . . . "John Brown (Torrington, Connecticut, Ameriketako Estatu Batuak, 1800eko maiatzaren 9a - Charles Town, Virginia, Ameriketako Estatu Batuak, 1859ko abenduaren 2a) abolizionista izan zen, Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan esklabotasuna ezeztatzeko bide bakarra armetan altxatzea zela aldezten zuena. Halaxe egin zuen berak, eta atxilotu eta urkatu egin zuten. Haren matxinada armatua izan zen Estatu Batuetako Gerra Zibilaren eragileetako bat. Gaur egun, hari buruzko ikuspegiak askotarikoak dira: batzuen ustez, askatasunaren aldeko martiri bat da (hala ageri da, adibidez, John Brown's Body abestian); beste batzuek, aldiz, erotzat eta terroristatzat dute."@eu . "Involvement in Bleeding Kansas; Raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia."@en . . . . . "John BROWN [\u011Don bra\u016Dn] (Torrington, Usono, Connecticut, la 9-an de majo 1800 \u2013 Charlestown, Virginio, la 2-an de decembro 1859) estis usona aboliciisto, kiu ka\u016Dzis atakon kontra\u016D armildeponejo en Harper's Perry, Okcidenta Virginio, kaj kies persona ofero kaj morto estis inter la ka\u016Dzoj de la Usona Enlanda Milito."@eo . . . . . "John Brown"@eo . "John Brown (Abolitionist)"@de . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (attivista)"@it . . . . . . . . "Two daguerreotypes of Brown, taken by African-American photographer Augustus Washington in Springfield, Massachusetts, . On the right Brown is holding the hand-colored flag of Subterranean Pass Way, his militant counterpart to the Underground Railroad."@en . . . . . . "400"^^ . . . . . . "John Brown (abolicionista)"@es . . . "John Brown"@en . "1800"^^ . . . . . . . . "237939"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (Torrington, 9 maggio 1800 \u2013 Charles Town, 2 dicembre 1859) \u00E8 stato un attivista statunitense, fautore dell'abolizionismo e dedito alla causa della Ferrovia Sotterranea, che sosteneva l'insurrezione armata come l'unico modo per eliminare la schiavit\u00F9. Attir\u00F2 per la prima volta l'attenzione su di s\u00E9 quando guid\u00F2 piccoli gruppi di volontari durante la crisi del Bleeding Kansas negli anni 1855-1860, insoddisfatto del pacifismo propugnato dal movimento abolizionista organizzato: \"questi uomini parlano e basta, ci\u00F2 di cui abbiamo bisogno \u00E8 invece l'azione!\". Nel maggio del 1856, assieme ai suoi sostenitori, uccise cinque coloni schiavisti nel massacro del Pottawatomie, risposta al saccheggio di Lawrence da parte delle forze favorevoli allo schiavismo. Brown poi comand\u00F2 le forze degli anti-schiavisti nella (2 giugno) e nella (30 agosto). Nel 1859 condusse un'incursione all'arsenale di Harpers Ferry (un'armeria federale nell'odierna Virginia Occidentale) per avviare un movimento di liberazione tra gli schiavi; sequestr\u00F2 dei civili, ma sette persone rimasero uccise e pi\u00F9 di dieci ferite. Intendeva armare gli schiavi ma l'attacco fall\u00EC. Dopo 36 ore, gli uomini di Brown erano in parte fuggiti, in parte uccisi e in parte catturati, dopo scontri con agricoltori locali, truppe della milizia e dell'United States Marine Corps, guidati da Robert Edward Lee. Brown venne processato per tradimento contro il Commonwealth della Virginia, per l'omicidio di cinque persone e per incitazione alla rivolta degli schiavi locali; dichiarato colpevole, fu impiccato nel dicembre 1859. Gli storici concordano sul fatto che la sua incursione di Harpers Ferry aument\u00F2 le tensioni che portarono alla secessione del Sud un anno dopo e alla guerra di secessione americana. Il raid di Brown cattur\u00F2 l'attenzione della nazione intera; i sudisti temettero che fosse solo il primo di molti \"complotti nordisti\" tesi a provocare una ribellione generale degli afroamericani, che avrebbe potuto mettere in pericolo le loro vite; i Repubblicani presero le distanze dall'incursione e affermarono che non avrebbero interferito con la schiavit\u00F9 nel Sud. Gli venne dedicata una canzone divenuta subito assai popolare, John Brown's Body, marcia e inno di battaglia informale delle truppe dell'Union Army durante la successiva guerra di secessione. Le tattiche utilizzate lo rendono ancora oggi una figura controversa. A volte viene ricordato come un eroe e un visionario, talvolta invece vilipeso come un pazzo e un terrorista. Lo storico esamin\u00F2 i libri di testo della storia degli Stati Uniti d'America e not\u00F2 che gli studiosi lo consideravano perfettamente sano di mente fino al 1890 circa, per poi essere generalmente ritratto come folle dal quel momento in poi fino a circa il 1970. La firma autografa del capitano Brown."@it . . . "John Brown (ur. 9 maja 1800 w Torrington, zm. 2 grudnia 1859 w Charles Town) \u2013 jeden z g\u0142\u00F3wnych przedstawicieli abolicjonizmu ameryka\u0144skiego. By\u0142 idealist\u0105, nieprzejednanym wrogiem posiadaczy niewolnik\u00F3w, kt\u00F3rych uwa\u017Ca\u0142 za przest\u0119pc\u00F3w. W maju 1856 w czasie walk w Kansas, by pom\u015Bci\u0107 \u015Bmier\u0107 pi\u0119ciu poleg\u0142ych osadnik\u00F3w p\u00F3\u0142nocnych, urz\u0105dzi\u0142 ze swymi czterema synami, zi\u0119ciem i dwoma s\u0105siadami napad na proniewolniczych osadnik\u00F3w po\u0142udniowych, zabijaj\u0105c pi\u0119ciu z nich. 16 pa\u017Adziernika 1859 na czele uzbrojonego oddzia\u0142u usi\u0142owa\u0142 wywo\u0142a\u0107 powstanie niewolnik\u00F3w na Po\u0142udniu Stan\u00F3w Zjednoczonych, atakuj\u0105c arsena\u0142 w Harpers Ferry w stanie Wirginia. Pozbawiony obrony arsena\u0142 zdoby\u0142 z \u0142atwo\u015Bci\u0105, dokona\u0142 dw\u00F3ch napad\u00F3w na plantacje, uwalniaj\u0105c niewolnik\u00F3w i zatrzymuj\u0105c plantator\u00F3w jako zak\u0142adnik\u00F3w, jednak akcja nie spotka\u0142a si\u0119 ze spodziewanym odzewem w\u015Br\u00F3d niewolnik\u00F3w. Gdy na miejsce przyby\u0142a kompania piechoty morskiej pod dow\u00F3dztwem \u00F3wczesnego pu\u0142kownika Lee, Brown zabarykadowa\u0142 si\u0119 ze swymi lud\u017Ami w parowozowni. Przez ca\u0142y dzie\u0144 broni\u0142 si\u0119 mimo \u015Bmierci jednego ze swych syn\u00F3w i ci\u0119\u017Ckiego poranienia drugiego. Gdy jednak nast\u0119pnego dnia wojsku uda\u0142o si\u0119 wywa\u017Cy\u0107 bram\u0119, wzi\u0119to do niewoli rannego Browna i 4 jego ludzi (10 poleg\u0142o, a 4 zbieg\u0142o). W kilka dni p\u00F3\u017Aniej s\u0105d skaza\u0142 Browna na \u015Bmier\u0107 przez powieszenie bez prawa do u\u0142askawienia. W czasie rozprawy Brown o\u015Bwiadczy\u0142, \u017Ce wykonywa\u0142 tylko wskazania Biblii. Odrzuci\u0142 wniosek swego adwokata o traktowanie go jako niepoczytalnego. Jego spokojne i niez\u0142omne zachowanie si\u0119 przed s\u0105dem oraz w czasie egzekucji wywo\u0142a\u0142o wielkie wra\u017Cenie. W wielu miejscowo\u015Bciach bito w dzwony i odby\u0142y si\u0119 zebrania oraz nabo\u017Ce\u0144stwa ku jego czci. Egzekucja Johna Browna zaogni\u0142a konflikt p\u00F3\u0142nocnych i po\u0142udniowych stan\u00F3w USA w sprawie niewolnictwa, kt\u00F3ry sta\u0142 si\u0119 jedn\u0105 z przyczyn wojny secesyjnej. Za bohatera uzna\u0142o go wielu pisarzy, w tym Victor Hugo.Cyprian Kamil Norwid poruszony wie\u015Bci\u0105 o skazaniu Johna Browna na \u015Bmier\u0107 napisa\u0142 wiersz Do obywatela Johna Brown, w kt\u00F3rym krytykuje rozbie\u017Cno\u015B\u0107 mi\u0119dzy wolno\u015Bciowymi ideami jakie towarzyszy\u0142y powstawaniu Stan\u00F3w Zjednoczonych a faktem istnienia w tym pa\u0144stwie niewolnictwa. Pie\u015B\u0144 John Brown's Body, po\u015Bwi\u0119cona \u015Bmierci Johna Browna, sta\u0142a si\u0119 jedn\u0105 z pie\u015Bni bojowych armii Unii."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u7EA6\u7FF0\u00B7\u5E03\u6717 (\u5E9F\u5974\u4E3B\u4E49\u8005)"@zh . . "Author:John Brown"@en . . . . . . . . . . "her death"@en . . "44.25223922729492"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (abolicionista)"@pt . . . . . . "John Brown (abolisionis)"@in . "John Brown (* 9. Mai 1800 in Torrington, Connecticut; \u2020 2. Dezember 1859 in Charles Town, Virginia, heute West Virginia) war ein US-amerikanischer Abolitionist, der sich gegen die Sklaverei in den USA auflehnte. Bekannt ist Brown vor allem wegen des \u00DCberfalls auf das Waffenarsenal in Harpers Ferry. Unter seiner F\u00FChrung wollte eine Gruppe von 19 Personen mit diesem \u00DCberfall die Befreiung und Bewaffnung von Sklaven erreichen. Der Versuch, einen Sklavenaufstand zu initiieren, misslang und Brown wurde anschlie\u00DFend der Prozess gemacht und hingerichtet. Der \u00DCberfall und der Prozess erhielten erhebliche \u00F6ffentliche, kontrovers gef\u00FChrte, Aufmerksamkeit."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0443\u043D (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Brown; 9 \u043C\u0430\u044F 1800 \u2014 2 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044F 1859) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u043B\u044B\u0445 \u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u043E\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u0443\u044E \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u0443 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0442\u044C \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410. \u0412\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043B \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044F \u0432\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043B\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0442\u0440\u044F\u0434\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u0432 \u041A\u0430\u043D\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435. \u041D\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0443\u044E \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0451\u043B \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0451\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043B\u0451\u0442\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043D\u0430\u043B \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0441-\u0424\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0438 \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0432\u043E\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E\u0441\u044F \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044C\u044E."@ru . . . "John Brown, f\u00F6dd 9 maj 1800 i Torrington i Connecticut, d\u00F6d (avr\u00E4ttad) 2 december 1859 i Charles Town i Virginia (i nuvarande West Virginia), var en amerikansk slaverimotst\u00E5ndare."@sv . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0443\u043D"@uk . . . . . "John Brown"@en . . . . . "John Brown (9 Mei 1800 \u2013 2 Desember 1859) adalah tokoh abolisionisme di Amerika Serikat yang meyakini bahwa hanya dengan mengangkat senjatalah perbudakan dapat dihapuskan di Amerika Serikat. Ia pertama kali menarik perhatian umum saat ia memimpin beberapa sukarelawan selama krisis Kansas Berdarah pada tahun 1856. Ia merasa tidak puas dengan gerakan penghapusan perbudakan yang memakai cara damai, karena menurutnya mereka hanya banyak bicara saja. Pada Mei 1856, Brown dan para pendukungnya membunuh lima pendukung perbudakan dalam peristiwa , yang merupakan pembalasan terhadap oleh pasukan pro-perbudakan. Brown lalu memimpin pasukan anti-perbudakan dalam (2 Juni) dan (30 Agustus 1856). Pada Oktober 1859, Brown di (kini di Virginia Barat) dengan maksud untuk memulai gerakan pembebasan budak di wilayah pegunungan Virginia dan Karolina Utara. Ia bahkan punya rancangan konstitusi untuk negara bagian yang ingin ia dirikan. Ia berhasil merebut gudang senjata tersebut, dan peristiwa ini sendiri menewaskan tujuh orang. Ia ingin mempersenjatai para budak dengan senjata yang dirampas dari gudang ini, tetapi hanya sedikit budak yang mau bergabung dengannya. Dalam waktu 36 jam, pasukan Brown yang belum melarikan diri ditangkap atau dibunuh. Brown sendiri diadili atas tuduhan pengkhianatan terhadap Virginia, pembunuhan lima orang (termasuk tiga orang kulit hitam), dan penghasutan pemberontakan budak. Ia divonis bersalah dan dihukum gantung. Para sejarawan sepakat bahwa serangan ke Harpers Ferry dan pengadilan Brown semakin memperparah ketegangan yang berujung pada Perang Saudara Amerika Serikat. Taktiknya sendiri juga masih menuai kontroversi hari ini. Ia dikenang sebagai seorang martir dan visioner, tetapi juga dicap sebagai seorang teroris."@in . . . . . . . . "no"@en . . . . . . "John Brown (May 9, 1800 \u2013 December 2, 1859) was an American abolitionist leader. First reaching national prominence for his radical abolitionism and fighting in Bleeding Kansas, he was eventually captured and executed for a failed incitement of a slave rebellion at Harpers Ferry preceding the American Civil War."@en . . . "John Brown (Torrington (Connecticut), 9 mei 1800 - Charles Town (Virginia), 2 december 1859) was een Amerikaanse militante strijder tegen de slavernij in de VS. In 1859 werd hij opgehangen naar aanleiding van een mislukte poging een slavenopstand te starten."@nl . "John Brown (daonfhuascailteoir)"@ga . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (Torrington, 9 maggio 1800 \u2013 Charles Town, 2 dicembre 1859) \u00E8 stato un attivista statunitense, fautore dell'abolizionismo e dedito alla causa della Ferrovia Sotterranea, che sosteneva l'insurrezione armata come l'unico modo per eliminare la schiavit\u00F9. Lo storico esamin\u00F2 i libri di testo della storia degli Stati Uniti d'America e not\u00F2 che gli studiosi lo consideravano perfettamente sano di mente fino al 1890 circa, per poi essere generalmente ritratto come folle dal quel momento in poi fino a circa il 1970. La firma autografa del capitano Brown."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1800-05-09"^^ . "2010-03-10"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown"@fr . . "Torrington, Connecticut, U.S."@en . . . "\u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0443\u043D (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. John Brown; 9 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u044F 1800, \u0422\u043E\u0440\u0440\u0456\u043D\u0433\u0442\u043E\u043D, \u041A\u043E\u043D\u043D\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0443\u0442 \u2014 2 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u044F 1859, \u0427\u0430\u0440\u043B\u0437-\u0422\u0430\u0443\u043D, \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0412\u0456\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0438\u043D\u0456\u044F) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0435\u0440, \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0456\u0437 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u0447\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u043B\u0456\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0431\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u0411\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0446\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0433\u0440\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0434\u044F\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438. \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0443\u043D \u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0432, \u0449\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043B\u043B\u044F \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043E\u043C."@uk . . . . "John Brown (9. kv\u011Btna 1800 , Connecticut \u2013 2. prosince 1859 , Z\u00E1padn\u00ED Virginie) byl americk\u00FD radik\u00E1ln\u00ED abolicionista a k\u0159es\u0165an, kter\u00FD v\u011B\u0159il, \u017Ee ozbrojen\u00E9 povst\u00E1n\u00ED je jedinou cestou k ukon\u010Den\u00ED otrok\u00E1\u0159stv\u00ED ve Spojen\u00FDch st\u00E1tech. Pat\u0159\u00ED k rozporupln\u00FDm postav\u00E1m americk\u00FDch d\u011Bjin. Abraham Lincoln o n\u011Bm napsal, \u017Ee je to nebezpe\u010Dn\u00FD fanatik, dodnes o n\u011Bm n\u011Bkte\u0159\u00ED historici tvrd\u00ED, \u017Ee byl jedn\u00EDm z otc\u016F terorismu, zat\u00EDmco jin\u00ED ho obdivuj\u00ED jako \u201Enejstate\u010Dn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDho a nejhum\u00E1nn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDho \u010Dlov\u011Bka v zemi\" a \u201E\u010Dlov\u011Bka v\u00FDjime\u010Dn\u00E9ho, kter\u00FD si cenil sv\u00FDch ide\u00E1l\u016F v\u00EDce ne\u017E vlastn\u00EDho \u017Eivota.\""@cs . . . . "North Elba, New York, U.S."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown, n\u00E9 le 9 mai 1800 \u00E0 Torrington dans l'\u00C9tat du Connecticut et mort par pendaison le 2 d\u00E9cembre 1859 \u00E0 Charles Town, dans l'\u00C9tat de la Virginie (maintenant en Virginie-Occidentale), est un abolitionniste am\u00E9ricain qui en appela \u00E0 l'insurrection arm\u00E9e pour abolir l'esclavage. Il est l'auteur des assassinats de Pottawatomie en 1856 au Kansas et d'une tentative d'insurrection \u00E0 Harpers Ferry en 1859 qui se termine par son arrestation, sa condamnation \u00E0 mort pour trahison contre l'\u00C9tat de Virginie et par sa pendaison."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "1832"^^ . . . "John Brown (slaverimotst\u00E5ndare)"@sv . . . . . . . "2010-05-02"^^ . . . "1820"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown (Torrington, Connecticut, 9 de maig de 1800 - Charles Town, Virg\u00EDnia de l'Oest, 2 de desembre de 1859) va ser un abolicionista estatunidenc que va creure i va advocar per la insurrecci\u00F3 armada com l'\u00FAnica manera de derrocar la instituci\u00F3 de l'esclavitud als Estats Units. Va ser focus d'atenci\u00F3 quan va dirigir petits grups de voluntaris durant la crisi de Bleeding Kansas de 1856. Estava insatisfet amb el pacifisme del moviment abolicionista organitzat: \"Aquests homes nom\u00E9s parlen, el que necessitem \u00E9s acci\u00F3-acci\u00F3!\". Al maig de 1856, Brown i els seus partidaris van matar cinc simpatitzants de l'esclavitud en la massacre de Pottawatomie, que era la resposta al saqueig de Lawrence per part de forces proesclavistes. Brown va comandar les forces antiesclavistes a la batalla de Black J"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . "no"@en . . "no"@en . . . . . . . . . . "John Brown"@en . . . . . .