. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Famine en Inde de 1899-1900"@fr . . . . . "1"^^ . . . . "failure of the summer monsoon"@en . . "18969577"^^ . . . . . . "Indian famine of 1899\u20131900"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u064A\u0629 1899-1900"@ar . . . . . . . . "\u0628\u062F\u0623\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1899-1900 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0641\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1899 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u063A\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u060C \u0648\u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0644\u064A\u060C \u0623\u062B\u0631\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062A\u0628\u0644\u063A \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062D\u062A\u0647\u0627 476000 \u0645\u064A\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 (1\u060C230\u060C000 \u0643\u06452) \u0648\u064A\u0628\u0644\u063A \u0639\u062F\u062F \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 59.5 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062D\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0623\u062C\u0645\u064A\u0631-\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063A\u064A\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062C\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062D\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064A\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062C\u0628\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u062D\u064A\u062F\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0627\u062F\u060C \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u062B\u064A\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u062A\u0623\u062B\u0631\u062A \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0635\u063A\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u063A\u0627\u0644\u060C \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062F\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0646\u062A\u0639\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062D\u0635\u0644\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1896-1897. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062D\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060C \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062C\u0641\u0627\u0641. \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0642\u0631\u064A\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1900 \u0623\u0646 \u00AB\u0645\u062A\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062F\u0644 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F \u064A\u0628\u0644\u063A 45 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 (1100 \u0645\u0644\u0645). \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064A\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062A\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062F\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u062A (130 \u0645\u0644\u0645). \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1899 \u062A\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 11 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629\u00BB. \u0648\u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629\u064B \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u062A\u0644\u0641\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0627\u0635\u064A\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0642\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062D\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064A\u0639\u062F \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062A\u0645\u0627\u062F \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0644\u062C\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062F\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062A\u062C \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0639\u064B\u0627. \u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A 462 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u062E\u0635 \u0641\u064A \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0641\u064A \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u064A\u0643\u0646\u060C \u0648\u0642\u062F\u0631\u0639\u062F\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062C\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0640 166 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064B\u0627. \u0634\u0647\u062F\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1899-1900 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062F\u0644\u064D \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064A\u0627\u062A - \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062F\u0644 37.9 \u062D\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 1000\u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629- \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0648\u0641\u062A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062D\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062D\u0644\u062A \u0628\u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 1876-1877 \u06481918-1919. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u062A\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u063A\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u063A\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629)\u060C \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u062F\u064A\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u062D\u062F\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1908\u060C \u0645\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062E\u0635 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u061B \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u0648\u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0641\u060C \u0647\u0644\u0643\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064A\u0629. \u0648\u062A\u062A\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062D \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u062F\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0648 4.5 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u062D\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Indian famine of 1899\u20131900"@en . . . . . "La famine en Inde de 1899 \u00E0 1900 est une famine qui s'est produite entre 1899 et 1900 dans le centre et le nord de l'Inde, sous le gouverneur g\u00E9n\u00E9ral George Curzon. Elle commence avec l'\u00E9chec des moussons d'\u00E9t\u00E9, en 1899, sur l'Inde occidentale et centrale et, au cours de l'ann\u00E9e suivante, elle touche une superficie de 1 230 000 km2 et une population de 59,5 millions d'habitants. La famine est aigu\u00EB dans les (en), la pr\u00E9sidence de Bombay, la province mineure d' (en) et le district d'Hisar au Pendjab ; elle provoque \u00E9galement une grande mis\u00E8re dans les \u00C9tats princiers de l' (en), de l' (en), de Hyderabad et de l' (en). En outre, de petites r\u00E9gions de la pr\u00E9sidence du Bengale, de la pr\u00E9sidence de Madras et des provinces du Nord-Ouest sont gravement touch\u00E9es par la famine."@fr . . . . "La famine en Inde de 1899 \u00E0 1900 est une famine qui s'est produite entre 1899 et 1900 dans le centre et le nord de l'Inde, sous le gouverneur g\u00E9n\u00E9ral George Curzon. Elle commence avec l'\u00E9chec des moussons d'\u00E9t\u00E9, en 1899, sur l'Inde occidentale et centrale et, au cours de l'ann\u00E9e suivante, elle touche une superficie de 1 230 000 km2 et une population de 59,5 millions d'habitants. La famine est aigu\u00EB dans les (en), la pr\u00E9sidence de Bombay, la province mineure d' (en) et le district d'Hisar au Pendjab ; elle provoque \u00E9galement une grande mis\u00E8re dans les \u00C9tats princiers de l' (en), de l' (en), de Hyderabad et de l' (en). En outre, de petites r\u00E9gions de la pr\u00E9sidence du Bengale, de la pr\u00E9sidence de Madras et des provinces du Nord-Ouest sont gravement touch\u00E9es par la famine. Les estimations de morts li\u00E9s \u00E0 la famine varient, mais vont de 1 \u00E0 4,5 millions de morts."@fr . . . . . . "\u0628\u062F\u0623\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1899-1900 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064A\u0641\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1899 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u063A\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F\u060C \u0648\u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0627\u0644\u064A\u060C \u0623\u062B\u0631\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062A\u0628\u0644\u063A \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062D\u062A\u0647\u0627 476000 \u0645\u064A\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 (1\u060C230\u060C000 \u0643\u06452) \u0648\u064A\u0628\u0644\u063A \u0639\u062F\u062F \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 59.5 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062D\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0623\u062C\u0645\u064A\u0631-\u0645\u064A\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063A\u064A\u0631\u060C \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062C\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062A\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0645\u062D\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064A\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0631\u0627\u062C\u0628\u0648\u062A\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A\u060C \u0648\u062D\u064A\u062F\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0627\u062F\u060C \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u062B\u064A\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062F\u0627\u0631\u064A. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060C \u062A\u0623\u062B\u0631\u062A \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0635\u063A\u064A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u063A\u0627\u0644\u060C \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062F\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0639\u0629."@ar . . . . . "The Indian famine of 1899\u20131900 began with the failure of the summer monsoons in 1899 over Western and Central India and, during the next year, affected an area of 476,000 square miles (1,230,000 km2) and a population of 59.5 million. The famine was acute in the Central Provinces and Berar, the Bombay Presidency, the minor province of Ajmer-Merwara, and the Hissar District of the Punjab; it also caused great distress in the princely states of the Rajputana Agency, the Central India Agency, Hyderabad and the Kathiawar Agency. In addition, small areas of the Bengal Presidency, the Madras Presidency and the North-Western Provinces were acutely afflicted by the famine."@en . . . "1119542803"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "36688"^^ . . . . . "1899"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Indian famine of 1899\u20131900 began with the failure of the summer monsoons in 1899 over Western and Central India and, during the next year, affected an area of 476,000 square miles (1,230,000 km2) and a population of 59.5 million. The famine was acute in the Central Provinces and Berar, the Bombay Presidency, the minor province of Ajmer-Merwara, and the Hissar District of the Punjab; it also caused great distress in the princely states of the Rajputana Agency, the Central India Agency, Hyderabad and the Kathiawar Agency. In addition, small areas of the Bengal Presidency, the Madras Presidency and the North-Western Provinces were acutely afflicted by the famine. The population in many areas had barely recovered from the famine of 1896\u20131897. As in that famine, this one too was preceded by a drought. The Meteorological Office of India in its report of 1900, stated, \"The mean average rainfall of India is 45 inches (1,100 mm). In no previous famine year has it been in greater defect than 5 inches (130 mm). But in 1899 the defect exceeded 11 inches.\" There were also large crop failures in the rest of India and, as a result, inter-regional trade could not be relied upon to stabilise food prices. The resulting mortality was high. 462,000 people died in the Bombay Presidency, and in the Deccan Plateau, the estimated death toll was 166,000. In the Presidency, the famine of 1899\u20131900 had the highest mortality\u2014at 37.9 deaths per 1000\u2014among all famines and scarcities there between 1876\u201377 and 1918\u201319. According to a 1908 estimate of The Imperial Gazetteer of India, in the British-administered districts alone, approximately one million people died of starvation or accompanying disease; in addition, as a result of acute shortage of fodder, millions of cattle also perished. Other estimates vary between one million and 4.5 million deaths."@en . . . . . . . . . . . .