. . . . "GSM (Globalt system f\u00F6r mobil kommunikation; ursprunglig akronym: groupe sp\u00E9cial mobile), \u00E4r ett andra generationens (2G) mobiltelefonisystem, det vill s\u00E4ga ett digitalt system, kommersialiserat 1991, som har ersatt de analoga (d.v.s. f\u00F6rsta generationens) mobiltelefonisystemen, bland annat det nordiska NMT. GSM-tekniken anv\u00E4nds numera[n\u00E4r?] i ett drygt hundratal l\u00E4nder \u00F6ver hela v\u00E4rlden. GSM m\u00F6jliggjorde sms, och fler samtidiga telefonsamtal \u00E4n NMT. Med GSM introducerades SIM-kort. Med tiden ut\u00F6kades GSM med fler tj\u00E4nster s\u00E5som mms, WAP-sidor, GPRS, och EDGE. Idag kompletteras GSM-n\u00E4tet med ett parallellt 3G-n\u00E4tverk, i Europa fr\u00E4mst av typen UMTS. Dessutom \u00E4r s\u00E5v\u00E4l ett 4G-n\u00E4tverk som ett 5G-n\u00E4tverk byggt och lanserat."@sv . . . . "El sistema global para las comunicaciones m\u00F3viles 2G (del ingl\u00E9s Global System for Mobile communications, abreviado como GSM, y originariamente del franc\u00E9s groupe sp\u00E9cial mobile) es un sistema est\u00E1ndar, desarrollado por European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) libre de regal\u00EDas, de telefon\u00EDa m\u00F3vil digital. Un cliente GSM puede conectarse a trav\u00E9s de su tel\u00E9fono con su computador y enviar y recibir mensajes por correo electr\u00F3nico, faxes, navegar por Internet, acceder con seguridad a la red inform\u00E1tica de una compa\u00F1\u00EDa (red local/Intranet), as\u00ED como utilizar otras funciones digitales de transmisi\u00F3n de datos, incluyendo el servicio de mensajes cortos (SMS) o mensajes de texto. GSM se considera, por su velocidad de transmisi\u00F3n y otras caracter\u00EDsticas, un est\u00E1ndar de segunda generaci\u00F3n (2G). Su extensi\u00F3n a 3G se denomina UMTS y difiere en su mayor velocidad de transmisi\u00F3n, el uso de una arquitectura de red ligeramente distinta y sobre todo en el empleo de diferentes protocolos de radio (W-CDMA)."@es . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications 2G (in italiano Sistema globale per comunicazioni mobili, o GSM) \u00E8 uno standard di seconda generazione di telefonia mobile approvato dall'Ente Europeo di Standardizzazione (ETSI). Si tratta di uno standard aperto sviluppato dalla conferenza europea delle amministrazioni delle Poste e delle Telecomunicazioni (CEPT), formalizzato dall'Istituto europeo di standard telecomunicativi (ETSI) e reso operativo dal consorzio 3GPP. Al 2017 era il pi\u00F9 diffuso al mondo con pi\u00F9 di 3 miliardi di persone in 200 Stati."@it . . . . . . . . . . . "GSM (Globalt system f\u00F6r mobil kommunikation; ursprunglig akronym: groupe sp\u00E9cial mobile), \u00E4r ett andra generationens (2G) mobiltelefonisystem, det vill s\u00E4ga ett digitalt system, kommersialiserat 1991, som har ersatt de analoga (d.v.s. f\u00F6rsta generationens) mobiltelefonisystemen, bland annat det nordiska NMT. GSM-tekniken anv\u00E4nds numera[n\u00E4r?] i ett drygt hundratal l\u00E4nder \u00F6ver hela v\u00E4rlden. GSM m\u00F6jliggjorde sms, och fler samtidiga telefonsamtal \u00E4n NMT. Med GSM introducerades SIM-kort. Med tiden ut\u00F6kades GSM med fler tj\u00E4nster s\u00E5som mms, WAP-sidor, GPRS, och EDGE. Idag kompletteras GSM-n\u00E4tet med ett parallellt 3G-n\u00E4tverk, i Europa fr\u00E4mst av typen UMTS. Dessutom \u00E4r s\u00E5v\u00E4l ett 4G-n\u00E4tverk som ett 5G-n\u00E4tverk byggt och lanserat."@sv . . . . "GSM (zkratka z francouzsk\u00E9ho \u201EGroupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile\u201C) je v telekomunikac\u00EDch celosv\u011Btov\u011B nejroz\u0161\u00ED\u0159en\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED standard, kter\u00FD vytvo\u0159il Evropsk\u00FD \u00FAstav pro telekomunika\u010Dn\u00ED normy (ETSI) pro digit\u00E1ln\u00ED mobiln\u00ED s\u00EDt\u011B ozna\u010Dovan\u00E9 jako 2G. Poprv\u00E9 byl zprovozn\u011Bn v prosinci 1991 ve Finsku. V roce 2020 m\u00E1 90% pod\u00EDl na trhu a je pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1n ve 193 zem\u00EDch a teritori\u00EDch sv\u011Bta. B\u011Bhem doby byl standard dopln\u011Bn o datov\u00E9 p\u0159enosy (GPRS, EDGE) vyu\u017E\u00EDvan\u00E9 zejm\u00E9na pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ED k Internetu. P\u0159edch\u016Fdcem GSM byly analogov\u00E9 mobiln\u00ED s\u00EDt\u011B 1G. N\u00E1stupcem jsou s\u00EDt\u011B t\u0159et\u00ED generace (3G) standardu UMTS, \u010Dtvrt\u00E9 generace (4G) a p\u00E1t\u00E9 generace (5G)."@cs . . . "\u03A4\u03BF Global System for Mobile communications (\u03A0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u00B5\u03B9\u03BF \u03A3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u00B5\u03B1 \u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u0395\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD), \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03BC. GSM \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03C3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2. \u03A4\u03BF \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03A4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03A3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) \u03C4\u03BF 1982, \u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03BB\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03CD \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03AC\u03C2 (2G). \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF \u03C3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC Group Special Mobile (GSM). \u03A4\u03BF GSM \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03C5\u03C8\u03B5\u03BB\u03BF\u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03C3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03AC\u03C2 (2G), \u03C4\u03BF \u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03AF\u03BF \u03C7\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03B5\u03AF \u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03B3\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C3\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C4\u03B5\u03C7\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03B1\u03C0\u03BB\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03B2\u03B1\u03C3\u03B7\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03C7\u03C9\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03B8\u03AD\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C6\u03AC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03C7\u03BD\u03BF\u03C4\u03AE\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03C3\u03B5 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C1\u03B9\u03B8\u03BC\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BB\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03AF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u03C3\u03B5 \u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03B8\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03B4\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03AC\u03B4\u03BF\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03AC\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD. \u03A4\u03BF 1989 \u03B7 \u03B5\u03C5\u03B8\u03CD\u03BD\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 GSM \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03AD\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03A4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u0399\u03BD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD\u03C4\u03BF \u03A0\u03C1\u03BF\u03C4\u03CD\u03C0\u03C9\u03BD (ETSI) \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF 1990 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B1\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03B7 \u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03C7\u03B1\u03C1\u03B1\u03BA\u03C4\u03B7\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 GSM. \u03A4\u03BF 1991 \u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03B7 \u03B5\u03BC\u03C0\u03BF\u03C1\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03B8\u03B5\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03CE\u03C0\u03B7, \u03B5\u03BD\u03CE \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u0395\u03BB\u03BB\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03C7\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03BF\u03C0\u03BF\u03B9\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF 1993 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD WIND Hellas (\u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03B7\u03BD TIM \u03AE \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03B7\u03BD TELESTET \u03AE \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03B7\u03BD STET HELLAS). \u03A4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF GSM \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF, \u03B1\u03C6\u03BF\u03CD \u03C5\u03B9\u03BF\u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03C9\u03BD \u0397\u03C0\u03B5\u03AF\u03C1\u03C9\u03BD, \u03B5\u03BA\u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B6\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03C7\u03BD\u03BF\u03C4\u03AE\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD."@el . . . "12808"^^ . . "GSM"@pt . . . . . . . "December 1991"@en . "( \uB2E4\uB978 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 GSM (\uB3D9\uC74C\uC774\uC758) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) GSM(\uC601\uC5B4: Global System for Mobile Communications, \uC774\uC804\uC5D0\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile)\uC740 \uC804 \uC138\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB110\uB9AC \uC0AC\uC6A9\uB418\uB294 \uAC1C\uC778 \uD734\uB300 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC73C\uB85C TDMA \uAE30\uBC18\uC758 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uAE30\uC220\uC774\uB2E4. GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC758 \uC774\uB3D9\uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4 \uC0AC\uC5C5\uC790 700\uC5EC \uD68C\uC6D0\uC0AC\uAC00 \uAC00\uC785\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB294 GSM \uD611\uD68C\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74 \uC804 \uC138\uACC4 \uC774\uB3D9\uD1B5\uC2E0\uC758 \uC57D 80%\uAC00 GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC73C\uB85C \uC6B4\uC6A9\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uACE0, \uAC00\uC785\uC790\uC218\uB294 \uC57D 34\uC5B5\uBA85 \uC774\uC0C1\uC774\uB2E4. \uB300\uD55C\uBBFC\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uAC1C\uC778 \uC774\uB3D9 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC73C\uB85C CDMA\uC640 WCDMA, PCS\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC5B4, GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC758 \uD734\uB300\uC804\uD654\uB97C \uBD80\uBD84\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uB9CE\uC740 \uC774\uB3D9 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC81C\uC870 \uC5C5\uCCB4\uB4E4\uC774 \uC218\uCD9C\uC6A9\uC73C\uB85C GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC758 \uB2E8\uB9D0\uAE30\uB97C \uAC1C\uBC1C\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. GSM \uAE30\uC220\uC740 \uC0AC\uC6A9\uC790\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB294 \uD734\uB300\uC804\uD654\uC758 \uAD50\uCCB4 \uC5C6\uC774 \uB85C\uBC0D\uC744 \uC81C\uACF5\uD558\uACE0 \uC0AC\uC5C5\uC790\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB294 GSM \uAE30\uC220 \uD45C\uC900\uC744 \uB9CC\uC871\uD558\uAE30\uB9CC \uD558\uBA74 \uC81C\uC870\uC0AC\uAC00 \uB2E4\uB974\uB354\uB77C\uB3C4 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC7A5\uBE44\uB97C \uAD6C\uCD95\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB3C4\uB85D \uD558\uB294 \uBC29\uD5A5\uC73C\uB85C \uBC1C\uC804\uB418\uC5B4 \uC654\uB2E4. GSM\uC740 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC0C1\uC6A9 \uC774\uB3D9\uD1B5\uC2E0\uACFC \uB9C8\uCC2C\uAC00\uC9C0\uB85C \uB2E8\uBB38 \uBA54\uC2DC\uC9C0 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB97C \uC81C\uACF5\uD55C\uB2E4. \uCD5C\uADFC GSM \uAE30\uC220\uC758 \uC9C4\uD654\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uBCF4\uB2E4 \uBC1C\uC804\uB41C \uD615\uD0DC\uC758 GSM \uAE30\uC220 \uD45C\uC900\uC774 \uBC1C\uD45C\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4. 1997\uB144 \uBC30\uD3EC\uB41C \uBB34\uC120 \uB370\uC774\uD130 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uADDC\uACA9 GPRS(\uC601\uC5B4: General Packet Radio Service), 1999\uB144 \uBC30\uD3EC\uB41C EDGE(\uC601\uC5B4: Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) \uB4F1\uC774 \uADF8\uAC83\uC774\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . "Sistema global para las comunicaciones m\u00F3viles"@es . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications"@in . . . "GSM"@ko . . . . . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications"@it . . . . . . "El sistema global per a comunicacions m\u00F2bils o en angl\u00E9s Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) \u00E9s un est\u00E0ndard mundial de segona generaci\u00F3 (2G) per a telefonia m\u00F2bil. Va ser creat per la i desenvolupat per la ETSI i \u00E9s obert, i evolutiu. GSM predomina a Europa i \u00E9s majoritari a la resta del m\u00F3n tot i que a partir del 2004 les operadores de telecomunicacions l'estan substituint progressivament per UMTS."@ca . . . . "digital cellular networks"@en . . . . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications 2G, ou \"Sistema Global para Comunica\u00E7\u00F5es M\u00F3veis\" (GSM: originalmente, Groupe Special Mobile) \u00E9 uma tecnologia m\u00F3vel para telefones celulares. A tecnologia GSM \u00E9 utilizada por mais de um bilh\u00E3o de pessoas em mais de 200 pa\u00EDses. A grande presen\u00E7a do sistema GSM faz com que o roaming internacional seja muito comum atrav\u00E9s de \"acordos de roaming\" entre operadoras de telefonia m\u00F3vel. O GSM diferencia-se muito de seus antecessores sendo que o sinal e os canais de voz s\u00E3o digitais, o que significa que o GSM \u00E9 visto como um sistema de telefone celular de segunda gera\u00E7\u00E3o (2G). Este fato tamb\u00E9m significa que a comunica\u00E7\u00E3o de dados foi acoplada ao sistema logo no in\u00EDcio. O GSM \u00E9 um padr\u00E3o aberto criado pela European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)"@pt . . . . . . . . "Sistema global per a comunicacions m\u00F2bils"@ca . . "GSM"@uk . . . "GSM (ang. Global System for Mobile Communications, pierwotnie fr. Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile) \u2013 najpopularniejszy standard telefonii kom\u00F3rkowej. Sieci oparte na tym systemie oferuj\u0105 us\u0142ugi zwi\u0105zane z transmisj\u0105 g\u0142osu, danych (na przyk\u0142ad dost\u0119p do Internetu) i wiadomo\u015Bci w formie tekstowej lub multimedialnej. Dzi\u0119ki mo\u017Cliwo\u015Bci mi\u0119dzynarodowego roamingu i umowom mi\u0119dzy operatorami abonent GSM mo\u017Ce, bez podpisywania oddzielnych um\u00F3w z ka\u017Cdym operatorem z osobna, korzysta\u0107 z telefonu w wi\u0119kszo\u015Bci kraj\u00F3w \u015Bwiata (jednym z wa\u017Cniejszych wyj\u0105tk\u00F3w jest Japonia).Obecnie us\u0142ugi na bazie tej technologii \u015Bwiadczy ponad 700 operator\u00F3w w ponad 200 krajach i terytoriach zale\u017Cnych. Us\u0142ugi GSM mog\u0105 by\u0107 udost\u0119pnione na zasadzie us\u0142ugi abonamentowej lub formy przedp\u0142aconej (kt\u00F3ra nie zobowi\u0105zuje u\u017Cytkownika do zawarcia umowy), a tak\u017Ce form mieszanych, co znacznie zwi\u0119ksza liczb\u0119 potencjalnych u\u017Cytkownik\u00F3w."@pl . . . . "GSM (zkratka z francouzsk\u00E9ho \u201EGroupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile\u201C) je v telekomunikac\u00EDch celosv\u011Btov\u011B nejroz\u0161\u00ED\u0159en\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED standard, kter\u00FD vytvo\u0159il Evropsk\u00FD \u00FAstav pro telekomunika\u010Dn\u00ED normy (ETSI) pro digit\u00E1ln\u00ED mobiln\u00ED s\u00EDt\u011B ozna\u010Dovan\u00E9 jako 2G. Poprv\u00E9 byl zprovozn\u011Bn v prosinci 1991 ve Finsku. V roce 2020 m\u00E1 90% pod\u00EDl na trhu a je pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1n ve 193 zem\u00EDch a teritori\u00EDch sv\u011Bta. B\u011Bhem doby byl standard dopln\u011Bn o datov\u00E9 p\u0159enosy (GPRS, EDGE) vyu\u017E\u00EDvan\u00E9 zejm\u00E9na pro p\u0159ipojen\u00ED k Internetu. P\u0159edch\u016Fdcem GSM byly analogov\u00E9 mobiln\u00ED s\u00EDt\u011B 1G. N\u00E1stupcem jsou s\u00EDt\u011B t\u0159et\u00ED generace (3G) standardu UMTS, \u010Dtvrt\u00E9 generace (4G) a p\u00E1t\u00E9 generace (5G)."@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "GSM (\u043E\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F\u044B Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile, \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D \u0432 Global System for Mobile Communications) (\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043A. \u0421\u041F\u0421-900) \u2014 \u0433\u043B\u043E\u0431\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438 (TDMA) \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0442\u0435 (FDMA). \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043D \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u044D\u0433\u0438\u0434\u043E\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0438 (ETSI) \u0432 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435 1980-\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u5168\u7403\u79FB\u52A8\u901A\u8BAF\u7CFB\u7EDF\uFF08Global System for Mobile Communications\uFF09\uFF0C\u5373GSM\uFF0C\u53C8\u7A31\u6CDB\u6B50\u6578\u4F4D\u5F0F\u884C\u52D5\u96FB\u8A71\u7CFB\u7D71\uFF0C\u662F\u5F53\u524D\u5E94\u7528\u6700\u4E3A\u5E7F\u6CDB\u7684\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u6807\u51C6\u3002\u5168\u7403\u8D85\u8FC7200\u4E2A\u56FD\u5BB6\u548C\u5730\u533A\u8D85\u8FC710\u4EBF\u4EBA\u6B63\u5728\u4F7F\u7528GSM\u7535\u8BDD\u3002GSM\u6807\u51C6\u7684\u5EE3\u6CDB\u4F7F\u7528\u4F7F\u5F97\u5728\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u8FD0\u8425\u5546\u4E4B\u95F4\u7B7E\u7F72\u201C\u6F2B\u6E38\u534F\u5B9A\u201D\u540E\u7528\u6237\u7684\u56FD\u9645\u6F2B\u6E38\u53D8\u5F97\u5F88\u5E73\u5E38\u3002GSM\u76F8\u8F83\u5B83\u4EE5\u524D\u7684\u6807\u51C6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4E0D\u540C\u662F\u4ED6\u7684\u4FE1\u4EE4\u548C\u8BED\u97F3\u4FE1\u9053\u90FD\u662F\u6578\u4F4D\u7684\uFF0C\u56E0\u6B64GSM\u88AB\u770B\u4F5C\u662F\u7B2C\u4E8C\u4EE3\uFF082G\uFF09\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u7CFB\u7EDF\u3002GSM\u6807\u51C6\u5F53\u524D\u75313GPP\u7EC4\u7EC7\u8D1F\u8D23\u5236\u5B9A\u548C\u7EF4\u62A4\u3002 \u4ECE\u7528\u6237\u89C2\u70B9\u51FA\u53D1\uFF0CGSM\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u4F18\u52BF\u5728\u4E8E\u63D0\u4F9B\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u6578\u4F4D\u8BED\u97F3\u8D28\u91CF\u548C\u66FF\u4EE3\u547C\u53EB\u7684\u4F4E\u6210\u672C\u7684\u65B0\u9009\u62E9\uFF08\u6BD4\u5982\u77ED\u4FE1\uFF09\u3002\u4ECE\u7F51\u7EDC\u8FD0\u8425\u5546\u89D2\u5EA6\u770B\u6765\uFF0C\u5176\u4F18\u52BF\u662F\u80FD\u591F\u90E8\u7F72\u6765\u81EA\u4E0D\u540C\u5382\u5546\u7684\u8BBE\u5907\uFF0C\u56E0\u4E3AGSM\u4F5C\u4E3A\u5F00\u653E\u6807\u51C6\u63D0\u4F9B\u4E86\u66F4\u5BB9\u6613\u7684\u4E92\u64CD\u4F5C\u6027\u3002\u800C\u4E14\uFF0C\u6807\u51C6\u5C31\u5141\u8BB8\u7F51\u7EDC\u8FD0\u8425\u5546\u63D0\u4F9B\u6F2B\u6E38\u670D\u52A1\uFF0C\u7528\u6237\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u5728\u5168\u7403\u4F7F\u7528\u4ED6\u4EEC\u7684\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u4E86\u3002 GSM\u6807\u51C6\u5728\u53D1\u5C55\u7684\u540C\u6642\uFF08\u4F8B\u5982\u5305\u6570\u636E\u80FD\u529B\u5728Release '97\u7248\u672C\u7684\u6807\u51C6\u4E2D\u901A\u8FC7GPRS\u88AB\u52A0\u5165\u8FDB\u6765\uFF09\uFF0C\u4FDD\u6301\u4E0E\u539F\u59CB\u7684GSM\u7535\u8BDD\u5411\u540E\u517C\u5BB9\u3002\u66F4\u9AD8\u901F\u5EA6\u7684\u6570\u636E\u4F20\u8F93\u662F\u7528EDGE\u5728Release '99\u7248\u6807\u51C6\u4E2D\u5F15\u5165\u7684\u3002"@zh . "\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Global System for Mobile Communications)\u200F \u0627\u062E\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064B GSM \u0648\u062A\u064F\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u062C\u064A \u0625\u0633 \u0625\u0645\u060C \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0637\u064A\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0632\u0627\u064A\u062F \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064A\u0645\u062A\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0645\u0627\u062B\u0644\u064A \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064A\u0642\u062F\u0645 \u0645\u064A\u0632\u0627\u062A \u062E\u062F\u0645\u0627\u062A\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0648\u062F\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062E\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u062A\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062F\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1991 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062A\u0631\u062F\u062F\u064A \u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0648\u0647\u0648 900 MHz \u0644\u062E\u062F\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A.\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 2014 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 - \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90 \u066A \u0645\u0646 \u062D\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0646 193 \u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0645-."@ar . . . . . "The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. GSM is also a trade mark owned by the GSM Association. GSM may also refer to the Full Rate voice codec. It was first implemented in Finland in December 1991. By the mid-2010s, it became a global standard for mobile communications achieving over 90% market share, and operating in over 193 countries and territories. 2G networks developed as a replacement for first generation (1G) analog cellular networks. The GSM standard originally described a digital, circuit-switched network optimized for full duplex voice telephony. This expanded over time to include data communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then by packet data transport via General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). Subsequently, the 3GPP developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards, followed by the fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced and the fifth-generation 5G standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM standard. As a result of the network's widespread use across Europe, the acronym \"GSM\" was briefly used as a generic term for mobile phones in France, the Netherlands, Bulgaria and in Belgium. A great number of people in Belgium still use it to date. Beginning in the late 2010s, various carriers worldwide ."@en . . . . . . . . "GSM"@cs . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications"@de . . . . . . . "( \uB2E4\uB978 \uB73B\uC5D0 \uB300\uD574\uC11C\uB294 GSM (\uB3D9\uC74C\uC774\uC758) \uBB38\uC11C\uB97C \uCC38\uACE0\uD558\uC2ED\uC2DC\uC624.) GSM(\uC601\uC5B4: Global System for Mobile Communications, \uC774\uC804\uC5D0\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile)\uC740 \uC804 \uC138\uACC4\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB110\uB9AC \uC0AC\uC6A9\uB418\uB294 \uAC1C\uC778 \uD734\uB300 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC73C\uB85C TDMA \uAE30\uBC18\uC758 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uAE30\uC220\uC774\uB2E4. GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC758 \uC774\uB3D9\uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4 \uC0AC\uC5C5\uC790 700\uC5EC \uD68C\uC6D0\uC0AC\uAC00 \uAC00\uC785\uB418\uC5B4 \uC788\uB294 GSM \uD611\uD68C\uC5D0 \uB530\uB974\uBA74 \uC804 \uC138\uACC4 \uC774\uB3D9\uD1B5\uC2E0\uC758 \uC57D 80%\uAC00 GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC73C\uB85C \uC6B4\uC6A9\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uACE0, \uAC00\uC785\uC790\uC218\uB294 \uC57D 34\uC5B5\uBA85 \uC774\uC0C1\uC774\uB2E4. \uB300\uD55C\uBBFC\uAD6D\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 \uAC1C\uC778 \uC774\uB3D9 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC2DC\uC2A4\uD15C\uC73C\uB85C CDMA\uC640 WCDMA, PCS\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC5B4, GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC758 \uD734\uB300\uC804\uD654\uB97C \uBD80\uBD84\uC801\uC73C\uB85C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uC9C0\uB9CC, \uB9CE\uC740 \uC774\uB3D9 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC81C\uC870 \uC5C5\uCCB4\uB4E4\uC774 \uC218\uCD9C\uC6A9\uC73C\uB85C GSM \uBC29\uC2DD\uC758 \uB2E8\uB9D0\uAE30\uB97C \uAC1C\uBC1C\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. GSM \uAE30\uC220\uC740 \uC0AC\uC6A9\uC790\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB294 \uD734\uB300\uC804\uD654\uC758 \uAD50\uCCB4 \uC5C6\uC774 \uB85C\uBC0D\uC744 \uC81C\uACF5\uD558\uACE0 \uC0AC\uC5C5\uC790\uC5D0\uAC8C\uB294 GSM \uAE30\uC220 \uD45C\uC900\uC744 \uB9CC\uC871\uD558\uAE30\uB9CC \uD558\uBA74 \uC81C\uC870\uC0AC\uAC00 \uB2E4\uB974\uB354\uB77C\uB3C4 \uD1B5\uC2E0 \uC7A5\uBE44\uB97C \uAD6C\uCD95\uD560 \uC218 \uC788\uB3C4\uB85D \uD558\uB294 \uBC29\uD5A5\uC73C\uB85C \uBC1C\uC804\uB418\uC5B4 \uC654\uB2E4. GSM\uC740 \uB2E4\uB978 \uC0C1\uC6A9 \uC774\uB3D9\uD1B5\uC2E0\uACFC \uB9C8\uCC2C\uAC00\uC9C0\uB85C \uB2E8\uBB38 \uBA54\uC2DC\uC9C0 \uC11C\uBE44\uC2A4\uB97C \uC81C\uACF5\uD55C\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications 2G, ou \"Sistema Global para Comunica\u00E7\u00F5es M\u00F3veis\" (GSM: originalmente, Groupe Special Mobile) \u00E9 uma tecnologia m\u00F3vel para telefones celulares. A tecnologia GSM \u00E9 utilizada por mais de um bilh\u00E3o de pessoas em mais de 200 pa\u00EDses. A grande presen\u00E7a do sistema GSM faz com que o roaming internacional seja muito comum atrav\u00E9s de \"acordos de roaming\" entre operadoras de telefonia m\u00F3vel. O GSM diferencia-se muito de seus antecessores sendo que o sinal e os canais de voz s\u00E3o digitais, o que significa que o GSM \u00E9 visto como um sistema de telefone celular de segunda gera\u00E7\u00E3o (2G). Este fato tamb\u00E9m significa que a comunica\u00E7\u00E3o de dados foi acoplada ao sistema logo no in\u00EDcio. O GSM \u00E9 um padr\u00E3o aberto criado pela European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) e no qual depois o 3GPP se baseou para desenvolver as tecnologias 3G. O GSM possui uma s\u00E9rie de caracter\u00EDsticas que o distinguem dentro do universo das comunica\u00E7\u00F5es m\u00F3veis. Nascido nos anos 80 e fruto de uma coopera\u00E7\u00E3o sem precedentes dentro da Europa, o sistema partilha elementos comuns com outras tecnologias utilizadas em telem\u00F3vel, como a transmiss\u00E3o ser feita de forma digital e a utilizar c\u00E9lulas (como funciona um telem\u00F3vel). Este artigo ir\u00E1 apresentar as caracter\u00EDsticas fundamentais do sistema, assim como as suas capacidades. Do ponto de vista do consumidor, a vantagem-chave do GSM s\u00E3o os servi\u00E7os novos com baixos custos. Por exemplo, a troca de mensagens de texto foi originalmente desenvolvida para o GSM. A vantagem para as operadoras tem sido o baixo custo de infra-estrutura causada por competi\u00E7\u00E3o aberta. A principal desvantagem \u00E9 que o sistema GSM \u00E9 baseado na rede TDMA, que \u00E9 considerada menos avan\u00E7ada que a concorrente CDMA. A performance dos celulares \u00E9 muito similar, mas apesar disso o sistema GSM tem mantido compatibilidade com os telefones GSM originais. No mesmo tempo, o sistema GSM continua a desenvolver-se com o lan\u00E7amento do sistema GPRS. Al\u00E9m disso, a transmiss\u00E3o de dados em alta velocidade foi adicionada no novo esquema de modula\u00E7\u00E3o EDGE. A vers\u00E3o de 2000 do padr\u00E3o introduziu \u00EDndices relativamente altos de transmiss\u00E3o de dados, e \u00E9 normalmente referida como 3G."@pt . . . . . . . . "GSM (ang. Global System for Mobile Communications, pierwotnie fr. Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile) \u2013 najpopularniejszy standard telefonii kom\u00F3rkowej. Sieci oparte na tym systemie oferuj\u0105 us\u0142ugi zwi\u0105zane z transmisj\u0105 g\u0142osu, danych (na przyk\u0142ad dost\u0119p do Internetu) i wiadomo\u015Bci w formie tekstowej lub multimedialnej. Us\u0142ugi GSM mog\u0105 by\u0107 udost\u0119pnione na zasadzie us\u0142ugi abonamentowej lub formy przedp\u0142aconej (kt\u00F3ra nie zobowi\u0105zuje u\u017Cytkownika do zawarcia umowy), a tak\u017Ce form mieszanych, co znacznie zwi\u0119ksza liczb\u0119 potencjalnych u\u017Cytkownik\u00F3w."@pl . . "Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) (historiquement \u00AB Groupe sp\u00E9cial mobile \u00BB) est un standard num\u00E9rique de seconde g\u00E9n\u00E9ration (2G) pour la t\u00E9l\u00E9phonie mobile. Le groupe de travail charg\u00E9 de d\u00E9finir cette norme a \u00E9t\u00E9 \u00E9tabli en 1982 par la Conf\u00E9rence europ\u00E9enne des administrations des postes et t\u00E9l\u00E9communications (CEPT). Elle a \u00E9t\u00E9 sp\u00E9cifi\u00E9e et mise au point par l'ETSI (Institut Europ\u00E9en des Normes de T\u00E9l\u00E9communication) pour la gamme de fr\u00E9quences des 900 MHz. Une variante appel\u00E9e Digital Communication System (DCS) utilise la gamme des 1 800 MHz. Cette norme est particuli\u00E8rement utilis\u00E9e en Europe, en Afrique, au Moyen-Orient et en Asie. Deux autres variantes, en 850 MHz et en 1 900 MHz PCS (personal communications services), sont \u00E9galement utilis\u00E9es. La protection des donn\u00E9es est assur\u00E9e par les algorithmes de chiffrement A5/1 et A5/2. Tel qu'il a \u00E9t\u00E9 con\u00E7u, le r\u00E9seau GSM est id\u00E9al pour les communications de type \u00AB voix \u00BB (t\u00E9l\u00E9phonie). Le r\u00E9seau \u00E9tant commut\u00E9, les ressources ne sont allou\u00E9es que pour la dur\u00E9e de la conversation, comme lors de l'utilisation de lignes t\u00E9l\u00E9phoniques fixes. Les clients peuvent soit acheter une carte pr\u00E9pay\u00E9e, soit souscrire un abonnement. Sous l'\u00E9gide de l'organisation 3GPP la norme GSM a ensuite \u00E9t\u00E9 \u00E9tendue pour prendre en charge de plus hauts d\u00E9bits et le transport de donn\u00E9es en mode \u00AB paquet \u00BB par les extensions GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) puis EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution). Ces deux modes peuvent cohabiter avec le mode \u00AB voix commut\u00E9e \u00BB du GSM et utilisent les m\u00EAmes antennes et les m\u00EAmes bandes de fr\u00E9quence."@fr . . "Gsm is een standaard voor digitale mobiele telefonie. De afkorting staat voor global system for mobile communications, eerder voor Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile. Gsm wordt beschouwd als de tweede generatie mobiele telefonie (2G). Gsm is de meest gebruikte standaard voor mobiele telefonie in de wereld. Gsm-diensten worden gebruikt door meer dan 3 miljard mensen in meer dan 210 landen. De grootste tegenhanger is cdmaOne (Noord- en Zuid-Amerika).De twee belangrijkste verbeteringen bij gsm ten opzichte van daarvoor gebruikte analoge mobiele netten (1G, eerste generatie, genoemd) waren:"@nl . . "Komunikazio Mugikorretako Sistema Orokorra"@eu . "Gsm is een standaard voor digitale mobiele telefonie. De afkorting staat voor global system for mobile communications, eerder voor Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile. Gsm wordt beschouwd als de tweede generatie mobiele telefonie (2G). Gsm is de meest gebruikte standaard voor mobiele telefonie in de wereld. Gsm-diensten worden gebruikt door meer dan 3 miljard mensen in meer dan 210 landen. De grootste tegenhanger is cdmaOne (Noord- en Zuid-Amerika).De twee belangrijkste verbeteringen bij gsm ten opzichte van daarvoor gebruikte analoge mobiele netten (1G, eerste generatie, genoemd) waren: \n* het digitaliseren van de spraak en het niet langer analoog verzenden van de spraaksignalen, maar digitaal; \n* de gebruikte frequentiebanden en het daarbij behorende honingraatpatroon voor de dekkingsgebieden, waardoor een hoge geluidskwaliteit en een constante bereikbaarheid mogelijk werd."@nl . "1991"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM mulanya singkatan dari Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile) adalah sebuah teknologi komunikasi seluler yang bersifat digital. Teknologi GSM banyak diterapkan pada alat komunikasi mobilekhususnya telepon genggam. Teknologi ini memanfaatkan gelombang mikro dan pengiriman sinyal yang dibagi berdasarkan waktu, sehingga sinyal informasi yang dikirim akan sampai pada tujuan. GSM dijadikan standar global untuk komunikasi seluler sekaligus sebagai teknologi seluler yang paling banyak digunakan orang di seluruh dunia."@in . "Gsm (communicatie)"@nl . . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) (historiquement \u00AB Groupe sp\u00E9cial mobile \u00BB) est un standard num\u00E9rique de seconde g\u00E9n\u00E9ration (2G) pour la t\u00E9l\u00E9phonie mobile. Le groupe de travail charg\u00E9 de d\u00E9finir cette norme a \u00E9t\u00E9 \u00E9tabli en 1982 par la Conf\u00E9rence europ\u00E9enne des administrations des postes et t\u00E9l\u00E9communications (CEPT). Elle a \u00E9t\u00E9 sp\u00E9cifi\u00E9e et mise au point par l'ETSI (Institut Europ\u00E9en des Normes de T\u00E9l\u00E9communication) pour la gamme de fr\u00E9quences des 900 MHz. Une variante appel\u00E9e Digital Communication System (DCS) utilise la gamme des 1 800 MHz."@fr . . "\u0413\u043B\u043E\u0431\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Global System for Mobile Communications, \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0440. Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile, GSM) \u2014 \u043C\u0456\u0436\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 \u0437 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u043E\u043C TDMA \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0435\u043C \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043C \u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043C. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0456\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 (ETSI) \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0446\u0456 1980-\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . "GSM"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "telecommunication"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Das Global System for Mobile Communications (fr\u00FCher Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile, GSM) ist ein 1990 eingef\u00FChrter Mobilfunkstandard f\u00FCr volldigitale Mobilfunknetze, der haupts\u00E4chlich f\u00FCr Telefonie, aber auch f\u00FCr leitungsvermittelte und paketvermittelte Daten\u00FCbertragung sowie Kurzmitteilungen (Short Messages) genutzt wurde. Es ist der erste Standard der sogenannten zweiten Generation (\u201E2G\u201C) als Nachfolger der analogen Systeme der ersten Generation (in Deutschland: A-Netz, B-Netz und C-Netz) und war der weltweit am meisten verbreitete Mobilfunk-Standard."@de . "GSM"@ja . . "GSM"@en . . . "GSM"@eo . . . . . . . . "GSM (angle: Global System for Mobile Communications, tio estas Tutmonda Sistemo por Mobila Komunikado) la plej \u011Deneraligita formo por mobiltelefono kun pli ol 2 miliardoj da telefonoj estas disvastigitaj al pli ol 218 landoj kaj teritorioj. La granda disvasti\u011Do instigis al unu lar\u011De internacia kunlaboro inter la telefonfirmaoj, kiuj igas \u011Din ebla por la klientoj uzi ilian GSM-abonon kaj telefonon en multaj landoj.LA GSM-sistemo estis sufi\u0109e multe malsama ol la anta\u016Daj sistemoj, \u0109ar tio de la komenco estis plene ciferecigita kaj tio nomi\u011Das de tiu kialo kiel la sistemo de 2-a generacio (2G). Krome komputila komunikado tre frue fari\u011Dis integrita parto de la sistemo.Por la vidpunkto de klientoj tio signifis pli bonan kaj homogenan parolad-kvaliton kaj eblecojn por simpla kaj malmultekosta komputila komunikado kiel ekz. SMS. Por la telefonfirmaoj GSM havis tiun avanta\u011Don ke la libere alireblaj normoj donis eblecon por kunkupli teleekipa\u0135on de malsamaj fabrikistoj, kaj igis \u011Din ebla ellabori interkonsentojn pri servi alies klientojn (la tielnomataj vagad-interkonsentoj).LA GSM-normoj evoluis ekde la komenco, sed oni ne \u015Dan\u011Dis la originajn specifojn, tiam la unuaj telefonoj da\u016Dre povas esti uzataj. La aldona\u0135oj al GSM \u0109efe direkti\u011Dis al datumtranssendo kun la enkonduko de teknologioj kiel GPRS, , UMTS, , kaj LTE."@eo . "GSM"@ru . "\u03A4\u03BF Global System for Mobile communications (\u03A0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u00B5\u03B9\u03BF \u03A3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u00B5\u03B1 \u039A\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03CE\u03BD \u0395\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03CE\u03BD), \u03C3\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03BC. GSM \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03C3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2. \u03A4\u03BF \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03A4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03C9\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03CC \u03A3\u03C5\u03BC\u03B2\u03BF\u03CD\u03BB\u03B9\u03BF (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) \u03C4\u03BF 1982, \u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03BC\u03B5\u03BB\u03AD\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03B5\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03CD \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C8\u03B7\u03C6\u03B9\u03B1\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03C3\u03C5\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B9\u03BD\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BB\u03B5\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B5\u03BD\u03B9\u03AC\u03C2 (2G). \u0391\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF \u03C3\u03CD\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BC\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C1\u03C7\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC Group Special Mobile (GSM). \u03A4\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF GSM \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03CC\u03BD\u03BF \u0395\u03C5\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B1\u03CA\u03BA\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03C5\u03C0\u03BF, \u03B1\u03C6\u03BF\u03CD \u03C5\u03B9\u03BF\u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03AE\u03B8\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03AC\u03BB\u03BB\u03C9\u03BD \u0397\u03C0\u03B5\u03AF\u03C1\u03C9\u03BD, \u03B5\u03BA\u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03CC\u03BC\u03B5\u03BD\u03BF \u03B4\u03B9\u03AC\u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B6\u03CE\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C5\u03C7\u03BD\u03BF\u03C4\u03AE\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD."@el . . . . "GSM"@zh . . "\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629"@ar . . "The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets. GSM is also a trade mark owned by the GSM Association. GSM may also refer to the Full Rate voice codec. It was first implemented in Finland in December 1991. By the mid-2010s, it became a global standard for mobile communications achieving over 90% market share, and operating in over 193 countries and territories."@en . . "Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM mulanya singkatan dari Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile) adalah sebuah teknologi komunikasi seluler yang bersifat digital. Teknologi GSM banyak diterapkan pada alat komunikasi mobilekhususnya telepon genggam. Teknologi ini memanfaatkan gelombang mikro dan pengiriman sinyal yang dibagi berdasarkan waktu, sehingga sinyal informasi yang dikirim akan sampai pada tujuan. GSM dijadikan standar global untuk komunikasi seluler sekaligus sebagai teknologi seluler yang paling banyak digunakan orang di seluruh dunia."@in . "Komunikazio Mugikorretako Sistema Orokorra, (ingelesezko Global System for Mobile communicationstik, GSM) telefono mugikor digitalentzako mundu-mailako sistema estandarra da. Sistema 1980ko hamarkadan garatu zen, eta 1992an erabili zen lehenengo aldiz. GSM bezeroa telefonoaren bidez konekta daiteke ordenagailuarekin, eta posta elektroniko bidezko mezuak eta faxak bidali eta jaso ditzake, Internetera konekta daiteke, eta bestelako datu igorketa funtzio digitalak erabil ditzake, hala nola SMS mezu laburren zerbitzua."@eu . . "\u0413\u043B\u043E\u0431\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Global System for Mobile Communications, \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0440. Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile, GSM) \u2014 \u043C\u0456\u0436\u043D\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 \u0437 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0456\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043F\u043E\u043C TDMA \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0435\u043C \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043F\u0435\u043A\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u043D\u043E\u043A \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043C \u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0435\u043C. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0404\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0456\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432'\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 (ETSI) \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0456\u043D\u0446\u0456 1980-\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk . "GSM"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications"@fr . . "\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Global System for Mobile Communications)\u200F \u0627\u062E\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064B GSM \u0648\u062A\u064F\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u062C\u064A \u0625\u0633 \u0625\u0645\u060C \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0628\u062F\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062E\u0637\u064A\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0642\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0632\u0627\u064A\u062F \u0639\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u064A\u0645\u062A\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062F\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062F\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0645\u0627\u062B\u0644\u064A \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064A\u0642\u062F\u0645 \u0645\u064A\u0632\u0627\u062A \u062E\u062F\u0645\u0627\u062A\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0648\u062F\u0629 \u0648\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062E\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u062A\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062F\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1991 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062A\u0631\u062F\u062F\u064A \u062C\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0648\u0647\u0648 900 MHz \u0644\u062E\u062F\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A.\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 2014 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 - \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90 \u066A \u0645\u0646 \u062D\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u062A\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0643\u062B\u0631 \u0645\u0646 193 \u062F\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064A\u0645-. \u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A (2G) \u0643\u0628\u062F\u064A\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0644\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (1G)\u060C \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0627\u0631 GSM \u0642\u062F \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u062A\u0628\u062F\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062C\u0644 \u0625\u062C\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062A \u0635\u0648\u062A\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062F\u0648\u062C\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u062A\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062A \u0644\u064A\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A. \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064B \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u062A\u0628\u062F\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062A\u060C \u062B\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062D\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u062E\u062F\u0645\u0627\u062A \u062D\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062F\u064A\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (GPRS) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062F\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0633\u0646\u0629 (EDGE) \u0644\u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644 GSM\u060C \u0623\u0648 EGPRS).\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0648\u0642\u062A \u0644\u0627\u062D\u0642\u060C \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062C \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B (3GPP) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062A\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 (UMTS) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B (3G)\u060C \u062A\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 (LTE)\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0642\u062F\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0644\u0627 \u062A\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062C\u0632\u0621\u064B\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0627\u0631 ETSI\u0648 GSM."@ar . . . . "GSM\uFF08\u82F1: global system for mobile communications\uFF09\u306FFDD-TDMA\u65B9\u5F0F\u3067\u5B9F\u73FE\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7B2C2\u4E16\u4EE3\u79FB\u52D5\u901A\u4FE1\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0 (2G) \u898F\u683C\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . "Das Global System for Mobile Communications (fr\u00FCher Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile, GSM) ist ein 1990 eingef\u00FChrter Mobilfunkstandard f\u00FCr volldigitale Mobilfunknetze, der haupts\u00E4chlich f\u00FCr Telefonie, aber auch f\u00FCr leitungsvermittelte und paketvermittelte Daten\u00FCbertragung sowie Kurzmitteilungen (Short Messages) genutzt wurde. Es ist der erste Standard der sogenannten zweiten Generation (\u201E2G\u201C) als Nachfolger der analogen Systeme der ersten Generation (in Deutschland: A-Netz, B-Netz und C-Netz) und war der weltweit am meisten verbreitete Mobilfunk-Standard. GSM wurde mit dem Ziel geschaffen, ein mobiles Telefonsystem anzubieten, das Teilnehmern eine europaweite Mobilit\u00E4t erlaubte und mit ISDN oder herk\u00F6mmlichen analogen Telefonnetzen kompatible Sprachdienste anbot. In Deutschland ist GSM die technische Grundlage der D- und E-Netze. Hier wurde GSM 1991 eingef\u00FChrt, was zur raschen Verbreitung von Mobiltelefonen in den 1990er-Jahren f\u00FChrte. Der Standard wurde in 670 GSM-Mobilfunknetzen in rund 200 L\u00E4ndern und Gebieten der Welt als Mobilfunkstandard genutzt; dies entsprach einem Anteil von etwa 78 Prozent aller Mobilfunkkunden. Es gab sp\u00E4ter hinzugekommene Erweiterungen des Standards wie HSCSD, GPRS und EDGE zur schnelleren Daten\u00FCbertragung. Im M\u00E4rz 2006 nutzten weltweit 1,7 Milliarden Menschen GSM und t\u00E4glich kamen eine Million neue Kunden dazu \u2013 haupts\u00E4chlich aus den Wachstumsm\u00E4rkten Afrika, Indien, Lateinamerika und Asien. Rechnete man alle Mobilfunkstandards zusammen, so waren weltweit ca. 2 Milliarden Menschen mobiltelefonisch erreichbar. Das gaben die GSM Association und die im Oktober 2005 bekannt. Im Jahr 2003 wurden (nach Angaben der Deutschen Bank) 277 Milliarden US-Dollar mit GSM-Technik umgesetzt."@de . "GSM\uFF08\u82F1: global system for mobile communications\uFF09\u306FFDD-TDMA\u65B9\u5F0F\u3067\u5B9F\u73FE\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u7B2C2\u4E16\u4EE3\u79FB\u52D5\u901A\u4FE1\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0 (2G) \u898F\u683C\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . "GSM"@en . . "GSM"@pl . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications 2G (in italiano Sistema globale per comunicazioni mobili, o GSM) \u00E8 uno standard di seconda generazione di telefonia mobile approvato dall'Ente Europeo di Standardizzazione (ETSI). Si tratta di uno standard aperto sviluppato dalla conferenza europea delle amministrazioni delle Poste e delle Telecomunicazioni (CEPT), formalizzato dall'Istituto europeo di standard telecomunicativi (ETSI) e reso operativo dal consorzio 3GPP. Al 2017 era il pi\u00F9 diffuso al mondo con pi\u00F9 di 3 miliardi di persone in 200 Stati."@it . . . . . . . . "Global System for Mobile Communications"@el . . . . "1124521735"^^ . "Komunikazio Mugikorretako Sistema Orokorra, (ingelesezko Global System for Mobile communicationstik, GSM) telefono mugikor digitalentzako mundu-mailako sistema estandarra da. Sistema 1980ko hamarkadan garatu zen, eta 1992an erabili zen lehenengo aldiz. GSM bezeroa telefonoaren bidez konekta daiteke ordenagailuarekin, eta posta elektroniko bidezko mezuak eta faxak bidali eta jaso ditzake, Internetera konekta daiteke, eta bestelako datu igorketa funtzio digitalak erabil ditzake, hala nola SMS mezu laburren zerbitzua. GSMak har dezakeen datu transmisio abiaduragatik eta bestelako ezaugarriak direla eta, 2G telefonia mugikorraren belaunaldiari dagokion estandarra da. Honen luzapenak 3G telefonia mugikorrari pausu eman dio, UMTS estandarrari hain zuzen. Honek abiadura handiagoa hartzen du, eta sare arkitekturak ere ezberdintasunak ditu. Gainera, irrati protokolo ezberdinak erabiltzen ditu."@eu . . . . . . . . "El sistema global per a comunicacions m\u00F2bils o en angl\u00E9s Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) \u00E9s un est\u00E0ndard mundial de segona generaci\u00F3 (2G) per a telefonia m\u00F2bil. Va ser creat per la i desenvolupat per la ETSI i \u00E9s obert, i evolutiu. GSM predomina a Europa i \u00E9s majoritari a la resta del m\u00F3n tot i que a partir del 2004 les operadores de telecomunicacions l'estan substituint progressivament per UMTS."@ca . . "37746"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "GSM (angle: Global System for Mobile Communications, tio estas Tutmonda Sistemo por Mobila Komunikado) la plej \u011Deneraligita formo por mobiltelefono kun pli ol 2 miliardoj da telefonoj estas disvastigitaj al pli ol 218 landoj kaj teritorioj. La granda disvasti\u011Do instigis al unu lar\u011De internacia kunlaboro inter la telefonfirmaoj, kiuj igas \u011Din ebla por la klientoj uzi ilian GSM-abonon kaj telefonon en multaj landoj.LA GSM-sistemo estis sufi\u0109e multe malsama ol la anta\u016Daj sistemoj, \u0109ar tio de la komenco estis plene ciferecigita kaj tio nomi\u011Das de tiu kialo kiel la sistemo de 2-a generacio (2G). Krome komputila komunikado tre frue fari\u011Dis integrita parto de la sistemo.Por la vidpunkto de klientoj tio signifis pli bonan kaj homogenan parolad-kvaliton kaj eblecojn por simpla kaj malmultekosta kom"@eo . "\u5168\u7403\u79FB\u52A8\u901A\u8BAF\u7CFB\u7EDF\uFF08Global System for Mobile Communications\uFF09\uFF0C\u5373GSM\uFF0C\u53C8\u7A31\u6CDB\u6B50\u6578\u4F4D\u5F0F\u884C\u52D5\u96FB\u8A71\u7CFB\u7D71\uFF0C\u662F\u5F53\u524D\u5E94\u7528\u6700\u4E3A\u5E7F\u6CDB\u7684\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u6807\u51C6\u3002\u5168\u7403\u8D85\u8FC7200\u4E2A\u56FD\u5BB6\u548C\u5730\u533A\u8D85\u8FC710\u4EBF\u4EBA\u6B63\u5728\u4F7F\u7528GSM\u7535\u8BDD\u3002GSM\u6807\u51C6\u7684\u5EE3\u6CDB\u4F7F\u7528\u4F7F\u5F97\u5728\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u8FD0\u8425\u5546\u4E4B\u95F4\u7B7E\u7F72\u201C\u6F2B\u6E38\u534F\u5B9A\u201D\u540E\u7528\u6237\u7684\u56FD\u9645\u6F2B\u6E38\u53D8\u5F97\u5F88\u5E73\u5E38\u3002GSM\u76F8\u8F83\u5B83\u4EE5\u524D\u7684\u6807\u51C6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4E0D\u540C\u662F\u4ED6\u7684\u4FE1\u4EE4\u548C\u8BED\u97F3\u4FE1\u9053\u90FD\u662F\u6578\u4F4D\u7684\uFF0C\u56E0\u6B64GSM\u88AB\u770B\u4F5C\u662F\u7B2C\u4E8C\u4EE3\uFF082G\uFF09\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u7CFB\u7EDF\u3002GSM\u6807\u51C6\u5F53\u524D\u75313GPP\u7EC4\u7EC7\u8D1F\u8D23\u5236\u5B9A\u548C\u7EF4\u62A4\u3002 \u4ECE\u7528\u6237\u89C2\u70B9\u51FA\u53D1\uFF0CGSM\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u4F18\u52BF\u5728\u4E8E\u63D0\u4F9B\u66F4\u9AD8\u7684\u6578\u4F4D\u8BED\u97F3\u8D28\u91CF\u548C\u66FF\u4EE3\u547C\u53EB\u7684\u4F4E\u6210\u672C\u7684\u65B0\u9009\u62E9\uFF08\u6BD4\u5982\u77ED\u4FE1\uFF09\u3002\u4ECE\u7F51\u7EDC\u8FD0\u8425\u5546\u89D2\u5EA6\u770B\u6765\uFF0C\u5176\u4F18\u52BF\u662F\u80FD\u591F\u90E8\u7F72\u6765\u81EA\u4E0D\u540C\u5382\u5546\u7684\u8BBE\u5907\uFF0C\u56E0\u4E3AGSM\u4F5C\u4E3A\u5F00\u653E\u6807\u51C6\u63D0\u4F9B\u4E86\u66F4\u5BB9\u6613\u7684\u4E92\u64CD\u4F5C\u6027\u3002\u800C\u4E14\uFF0C\u6807\u51C6\u5C31\u5141\u8BB8\u7F51\u7EDC\u8FD0\u8425\u5546\u63D0\u4F9B\u6F2B\u6E38\u670D\u52A1\uFF0C\u7528\u6237\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u5728\u5168\u7403\u4F7F\u7528\u4ED6\u4EEC\u7684\u79FB\u52A8\u7535\u8BDD\u4E86\u3002 GSM\u6807\u51C6\u5728\u53D1\u5C55\u7684\u540C\u6642\uFF08\u4F8B\u5982\u5305\u6570\u636E\u80FD\u529B\u5728Release '97\u7248\u672C\u7684\u6807\u51C6\u4E2D\u901A\u8FC7GPRS\u88AB\u52A0\u5165\u8FDB\u6765\uFF09\uFF0C\u4FDD\u6301\u4E0E\u539F\u59CB\u7684GSM\u7535\u8BDD\u5411\u540E\u517C\u5BB9\u3002\u66F4\u9AD8\u901F\u5EA6\u7684\u6570\u636E\u4F20\u8F93\u662F\u7528EDGE\u5728Release '99\u7248\u6807\u51C6\u4E2D\u5F15\u5165\u7684\u3002"@zh . . . . . "The GSM logo is used to identify compatible devices and equipment. The dots symbolize three clients in the home network and one roaming client."@en . . . . . "El sistema global para las comunicaciones m\u00F3viles 2G (del ingl\u00E9s Global System for Mobile communications, abreviado como GSM, y originariamente del franc\u00E9s groupe sp\u00E9cial mobile) es un sistema est\u00E1ndar, desarrollado por European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) libre de regal\u00EDas, de telefon\u00EDa m\u00F3vil digital."@es . . . . . . "GSM (\u043E\u0442 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043F\u044B Groupe Sp\u00E9cial Mobile, \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D \u0432 Global System for Mobile Communications) (\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043A. \u0421\u041F\u0421-900) \u2014 \u0433\u043B\u043E\u0431\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u0431\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043A\u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0438 (TDMA) \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0442\u0435 (FDMA). \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043D \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u044D\u0433\u0438\u0434\u043E\u0439 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044D\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0438 (ETSI) \u0432 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435 1980-\u0445 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0432."@ru . .