"Alte Ma\u00DFe und Gewichte (England)"@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0422\u043E\u0434 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. tod) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0446\u044F \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0456\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u0437 \u043F'\u044F\u0442\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0446\u044F\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F. \u0412\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0428\u043E\u0442\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0448 \u0447\u0430\u0441[\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438?] \u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044E\u0454 28 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043C \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C (13 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430\u043C). \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u2014 todd, todde. \u0421\u0430\u043C\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430, \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E, \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043D.\u0432-\u043D\u0456\u043C. zotta \u2014 \u00AB\u043F\u0443\u0447\u043E\u043A \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0441\u044F\u00BB. \u0421\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u00ABtod\u00BB \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043C\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0432\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438 (\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0435)."@uk . . . . . . . . . . "Bevor 1066 von Wilhelm dem Eroberer in England auf dem r\u00F6mischen System aufbauende Einheiten eingef\u00FChrt wurden, gab es bereits ein angels\u00E4chsisches Ma\u00DFsystem basierend auf Gerstenkorn und gyrd (Rute) und vermutlich mit germanischen Wurzeln. Sp\u00E4ter wurde das britische System in der Magna Carta von 1215 festgeschrieben mit den Definitionen der damaligen Hauptstadt Winchester. Die Standards wurden 1496, 1588 und 1758 aktualisiert. Der letzte Imperial Standard Yard aus Bronze wurde 1845 gegossen.Offiziell wurde das britische System gegen das Dezimalsystem (basierend auf Meter) ausgetauscht."@de . . . . . . "2224213"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0422\u043E\u0434"@uk . . . "English units"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0422\u043E\u0434 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. tod) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044B \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u0441 XII \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0428\u043E\u0442\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0432 \u0431\u044B\u0442\u0443 \u043D\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0430 28 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C (13 \u043A\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043C). \u041D\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0435\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u2014 todd, todde. \u0421\u0430\u043C\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E zotta \u2014 \u043F\u0443\u0447\u043E\u043A \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0441. \u0421\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u00ABtod\u00BB \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043C\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0443\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E)."@ru . . . . . . . . . "English units are the units of measurement used in England up to 1826 (when they were replaced by Imperial units), which evolved as a combination of the Anglo-Saxon and Roman systems of units. Various standards have applied to English units at different times, in different places, and for different applications. Use of the term \"English units\" can be ambiguous, as, in addition to the meaning used in this article, it is sometimes used to refer to the units of the descendent Imperial system as well to those of the descendant system of United States customary units. The two main sets of English units were the Winchester Units, used from 1495 to 1587, as affirmed by King Henry VII, and the Exchequer Standards, in use from 1588 to 1825, as defined by Queen Elizabeth I. In England (and the British Empire), English units were replaced by Imperial units in 1824 (effective 1 January 1826) by a Weights and Measures Act, which retained many though not all of the unit names and redefined (standardised) many of the definitions. In the US, being independent from the British Empire decades before the 1824 reforms, English units were standardized and adopted (as \"US Customary Units\") in 1832."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0422\u043E\u0434 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. tod) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044B \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u0441 XII \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0432 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0428\u043E\u0442\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u0432 \u0431\u044B\u0442\u0443 \u043D\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0430 28 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C (13 \u043A\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0430\u043C). \u041D\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0435\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u2014 todd, todde. \u0421\u0430\u043C\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u043E\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043D\u0435\u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E zotta \u2014 \u043F\u0443\u0447\u043E\u043A \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0441. \u0421\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u00ABtod\u00BB \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u043C \u044F\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043C\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0448\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0443\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E)."@ru . . "2008-07-24"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0422\u043E\u0434 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. tod) \u2014 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u043D\u0430 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0438\u0446\u044F \u0432\u0438\u043C\u0456\u0440\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u0432\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0430 \u0437 \u043F'\u044F\u0442\u043D\u0430\u0434\u0446\u044F\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F. \u0412\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0410\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0457 \u0456 \u0428\u043E\u0442\u043B\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0456\u0457, \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0448 \u0447\u0430\u0441[\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438?] \u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F. \u041F\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043B\u0438\u0437\u043D\u043E \u0434\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043D\u044E\u0454 28 \u0442\u043E\u0440\u0433\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043C \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C (13 \u043A\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0430\u043C). \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043D\u044C\u043E\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u2014 todd, todde. \u0421\u0430\u043C\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430, \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u043E, \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043D.\u0432-\u043D\u0456\u043C. zotta \u2014 \u00AB\u043F\u0443\u0447\u043E\u043A \u0432\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0441\u0441\u044F\u00BB. \u0421\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u00ABtod\u00BB \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043C\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0432\u043E\u0432\u043D\u0438 (\u043C\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0435)."@uk . . "1122215656"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\uFF08English units\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u30671826\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u305F\u6B74\u53F2\u7684\u306A\u5358\u4F4D\u7CFB\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30021826\u5E74\u306B\u73FE\u884C\u306E\u5E1D\u56FD\u5358\u4F4D\u306B\u7F6E\u304D\u63DB\u3048\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u7C73\u56FD\u6163\u7528\u5358\u4F4D\u3082\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u304B\u3089\u767A\u5C55\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30F3\u30B0\u30ED\u30FB\u30B5\u30AF\u30BD\u30F3\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u3068\u304C\u7D44\u307F\u5408\u308F\u3055\u3063\u3066\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304D\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u6642\u4EE3\u3084\u5834\u6240\u3001\u307E\u305F\u7528\u9014\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u69D8\u3005\u306A\u5358\u4F4D\u304C\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304D\u305F\u3002 \u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u3092\u69CB\u6210\u3059\u308B2\u3064\u306E\u4E3B\u8981\u306A\u5358\u4F4D\u7CFB\u306F\u3001\u30D8\u30F3\u30EA\u30FC7\u4E16\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u518D\u78BA\u8A8D\u3055\u308C1495\u5E74\u304B\u30891587\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u6709\u52B9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F(Winchester Units)\u3068\u3001\u30A8\u30EA\u30B6\u30D9\u30B91\u4E16\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6700\u521D\u306B\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3055\u308C1588\u5E74\u304B\u30891825\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u6709\u52B9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F(Exchequer Standards)\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u306F\u30011824\u5E74\u306B\u516C\u5E03\u3055\u308C1826\u5E741\u67081\u65E5\u306B\u767A\u52B9\u3057\u305F\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u5E1D\u56FD\u5358\u4F4D\u306B\u7F6E\u304D\u63DB\u3048\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002\u5168\u3066\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u304C\u591A\u304F\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u306E\u540D\u79F0\u306F\u6B8B\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304A\u308A\u3001\u591A\u304F\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u304C\u518D\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629 \u0647\u064A \u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 \u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0645\u0632\u062C \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 . \u0648\u062A\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1824 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0633\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0627\u062D\u062A\u0641\u0638\u062A \u0628\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0637\u0641\u064A\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064A\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064A \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064020 \u062A\u0645 \u0625\u062A\u062E\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0643\u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0631\u064A."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629"@ar . . "\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bevor 1066 von Wilhelm dem Eroberer in England auf dem r\u00F6mischen System aufbauende Einheiten eingef\u00FChrt wurden, gab es bereits ein angels\u00E4chsisches Ma\u00DFsystem basierend auf Gerstenkorn und gyrd (Rute) und vermutlich mit germanischen Wurzeln. Sp\u00E4ter wurde das britische System in der Magna Carta von 1215 festgeschrieben mit den Definitionen der damaligen Hauptstadt Winchester. Die Standards wurden 1496, 1588 und 1758 aktualisiert. Der letzte Imperial Standard Yard aus Bronze wurde 1845 gegossen.Offiziell wurde das britische System gegen das Dezimalsystem (basierend auf Meter) ausgetauscht. Am 17. Juni 1824 wurde in einer Parlamentsakte festgelegt, dass die Ma\u00DFe und Gewichte f\u00FCr die vereinigten K\u00F6nigreiche England, Schottland und Irland einheitlich sein sollen."@de . . . . . . . . . . . "English units are the units of measurement used in England up to 1826 (when they were replaced by Imperial units), which evolved as a combination of the Anglo-Saxon and Roman systems of units. Various standards have applied to English units at different times, in different places, and for different applications. Use of the term \"English units\" can be ambiguous, as, in addition to the meaning used in this article, it is sometimes used to refer to the units of the descendent Imperial system as well to those of the descendant system of United States customary units."@en . . . . . . . . "39423"^^ . . . . . . . "\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629 \u0647\u064A \u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 \u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064A \u0645\u0632\u062C \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062C\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0642\u064A\u0627\u0633 . \u0648\u062A\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1824 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064A\u064A\u0633\u060C \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0627\u062D\u062A\u0641\u0638\u062A \u0628\u0643\u062B\u064A\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u064A\u0636\u0627\u064B \u0645\u0639 \u062A\u063A\u064A\u064A\u0631 \u0637\u0641\u064A\u0641 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064A\u0645. \u0648\u0641\u064A \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064020 \u062A\u0645 \u0625\u062A\u062E\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062D\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0643\u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0631\u064A."@ar . . "\u0422\u043E\u0434"@ru . . . . "\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\uFF08English units\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u30671826\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u305F\u6B74\u53F2\u7684\u306A\u5358\u4F4D\u7CFB\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30021826\u5E74\u306B\u73FE\u884C\u306E\u5E1D\u56FD\u5358\u4F4D\u306B\u7F6E\u304D\u63DB\u3048\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002\u307E\u305F\u3001\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u306E\u7C73\u56FD\u6163\u7528\u5358\u4F4D\u3082\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u304B\u3089\u767A\u5C55\u3057\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u306F\u3001\u30A2\u30F3\u30B0\u30ED\u30FB\u30B5\u30AF\u30BD\u30F3\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u3068\u304C\u7D44\u307F\u5408\u308F\u3055\u3063\u3066\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304D\u305F\u3082\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u6642\u4EE3\u3084\u5834\u6240\u3001\u307E\u305F\u7528\u9014\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u69D8\u3005\u306A\u5358\u4F4D\u304C\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304D\u305F\u3002 \u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u3092\u69CB\u6210\u3059\u308B2\u3064\u306E\u4E3B\u8981\u306A\u5358\u4F4D\u7CFB\u306F\u3001\u30D8\u30F3\u30EA\u30FC7\u4E16\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u518D\u78BA\u8A8D\u3055\u308C1495\u5E74\u304B\u30891587\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u6709\u52B9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F(Winchester Units)\u3068\u3001\u30A8\u30EA\u30B6\u30D9\u30B91\u4E16\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6700\u521D\u306B\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3055\u308C1588\u5E74\u304B\u30891825\u5E74\u307E\u3067\u6709\u52B9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305F(Exchequer Standards)\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u306F\u30011824\u5E74\u306B\u516C\u5E03\u3055\u308C1826\u5E741\u67081\u65E5\u306B\u767A\u52B9\u3057\u305F\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u5E1D\u56FD\u5358\u4F4D\u306B\u7F6E\u304D\u63DB\u3048\u3089\u308C\u305F\u3002\u5168\u3066\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u304C\u591A\u304F\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u306E\u540D\u79F0\u306F\u6B8B\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304A\u308A\u3001\u591A\u304F\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u304C\u518D\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 English units\u3068\u3044\u3046\u540D\u79F0\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u5E1D\u56FD\u5358\u4F4D\u3084\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u5358\u4F4D\u306E\u3044\u304F\u3064\u304B\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u540D\u3092\u4FDD\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u304C\u591A\u5C11\u7570\u306A\u308B\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7C73\u56FD\u6163\u7528\u5358\u4F4D\u3092\u8868\u3059\u306E\u306B\u9593\u9055\u3063\u3066\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3042\u308A\u3001\u66D6\u6627\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u3067\u306F\u3001\u81EA\u56FD\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u975E\u30E1\u30FC\u30C8\u30EB\u6CD5\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u7CFB\u3092\u6307\u3059\u306E\u306Bimperial units\uFF08\u5E1D\u56FD\u5358\u4F4D\uFF09\u3084imperial measurements\uFF08\u5E1D\u56FD\u8A08\u91CF\uFF09\u306E\u8A9E\u304C\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u306F\u3001\u5927\u82F1\u5E1D\u56FD\u3068\u82F1\u9023\u90A6\u3067\u6A19\u6E96\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . .