"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627"@ar . . . . . "Se entiende por corrupci\u00F3n la acci\u00F3n o inacci\u00F3n de una o varias personas que manipulan los medios p\u00FAblicos en beneficio propio o ajeno, tergiversando los fines del mismo en perjuicio del conjunto de la ciudadan\u00EDa a la que deb\u00EDan servir y beneficiar. La corrupci\u00F3n ha ocupado la atenci\u00F3n de la sociedad espa\u00F1ola, contribuyendo incluso a derribar a gobiernos como los de Alejandro Lerroux con el esc\u00E1ndalo del estraperlo y el asunto Nombela (1935), o los de Felipe Gonz\u00E1lez por el caso Filesa o el caso Rold\u00E1n.\u200B No obstante, la corrupci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica ha sido una constante desde la aprobaci\u00F3n de la Constituci\u00F3n espa\u00F1ola de 1978 hasta nuestros d\u00EDas, pervirti\u00E9ndose el sistema democr\u00E1tico y debilit\u00E1ndose la confianza de la Sociedad en sus representantes p\u00FAblicos.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . "Corrupci\u00F3 a Espanya"@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Corrupci\u00F3n en Espa\u00F1a"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Se entiende por corrupci\u00F3n la acci\u00F3n o inacci\u00F3n de una o varias personas que manipulan los medios p\u00FAblicos en beneficio propio o ajeno, tergiversando los fines del mismo en perjuicio del conjunto de la ciudadan\u00EDa a la que deb\u00EDan servir y beneficiar. La corrupci\u00F3n ha ocupado la atenci\u00F3n de la sociedad espa\u00F1ola, contribuyendo incluso a derribar a gobiernos como los de Alejandro Lerroux con el esc\u00E1ndalo del estraperlo y el asunto Nombela (1935), o los de Felipe Gonz\u00E1lez por el caso Filesa o el caso Rold\u00E1n.\u200B No obstante, la corrupci\u00F3n pol\u00EDtica ha sido una constante desde la aprobaci\u00F3n de la Constituci\u00F3n espa\u00F1ola de 1978 hasta nuestros d\u00EDas, pervirti\u00E9ndose el sistema democr\u00E1tico y debilit\u00E1ndose la confianza de la Sociedad en sus representantes p\u00FAblicos.\u200B Desde 1995, Transparencia Internacional publica anualmente un \u00EDndice sobre la percepci\u00F3n de la corrupci\u00F3n en todos los pa\u00EDses del mundo. La estad\u00EDstica muestra c\u00F3mo la poblaci\u00F3n eval\u00FAa la corrupci\u00F3n en su pa\u00EDs de 0 a 100, donde 0 indica m\u00E1xima corrupci\u00F3n y 100 m\u00E1xima transparencia, aunque entre 1995 y 2011 el rango era entre 0 y 10. En 2008 Espa\u00F1a obtuvo una nota de 6,5 sobre 10, seis d\u00E9cimas menos que el m\u00E1ximo obtenido en 2004, y que corresponde al puesto 28 en una lista de 180 pa\u00EDses, ocupando el 14\u00BA entre los 25 miembros de la Uni\u00F3n Europea.\u200B Para 2015, el \u00EDndice de Espa\u00F1a se hab\u00EDa deteriorado a 58 sobre 100.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Corruption in Spain describes the prevention and occurrence of corruption in Spain. In the early 21st century there are many political corruption legal processes in the post Franco young and independent judiciary, despite its senior judges being appointees of parliamentary committees."@en . "1123530370"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "40267700"^^ . . . . . . . . "34549"^^ . . . . "\u064A\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062F \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062D\u062A\u0647 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627. \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064A\u0646\u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062F\u064A\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062F\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064A\u0627\u0633\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0647\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u062A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062F \u062D\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648\u060C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063A\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u0639\u064A\u064A\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062C\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629."@ar . . . . . "Corruption in Spain"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Corruption in Spain describes the prevention and occurrence of corruption in Spain. In the early 21st century there are many political corruption legal processes in the post Franco young and independent judiciary, despite its senior judges being appointees of parliamentary committees. Transparency International rated Spain between 2001 and 2012. The average value for Spain during that period was 66.67 points with a maximum of 70 points in 2001 and minimum of 61 points in 2009 and (100 being no corruption). In 2011 it was rated 30th least corrupt country in the world On Transparency International's 2021 Corruption Perceptions Index, Spain scored 61 on a scale from 0 (\"highly corrupt\") to 100 (\"highly clean\"). When ranked by score, Spain ranked number 34 among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked number 1 is perceived to have the most honest public sector. According to Politico, 1378 officials were prosecuted for corruption between July 2015 and September 2016. Political corruption is a large concern in Spain. Political corruption is defined as the action or inaction of one or more real persons managing public resources for their own or a third party's benefit to the detriment of all the citizens they should serve and benefit. Transparency International Global Corruption Barometer 2013 shows that the surveyed households consider political parties, Parliament and the judiciary the most corrupt institutions. In fact, the Spanish population considers corruption their second biggest problem, only eclipsed by unemployment. However, the occurrence of petty corruption is rare in Spain, according to the GCR report of 2015. Bribery is not widespread in business dealings in Spain, yet companies cite corruption as a business impediment. As suggested in Business Anti-Corruption Portal, anti-corruption strategies should be significantly strengthened at all levels of the government. One example could be to strengthen investigative and prosecution efforts and enforcing existing laws. Corruption in the tax administration is not an obstacle to business (GCR 2015-2016). Paying taxes has been made less costly by reducing the rates for corporate income, capital gain and environment taxes, and the time required to pay taxes is lower than the OECD countries\u2019 average (DB 2016). Spanish tax regulations represent a moderate challenge for foreign companies. Among Spain\u2019s police forces, corruption is not widespread and there are only small isolated cases involving police corruption. The police services are considered reliable in protecting companies from crime (GCR 2015-2016), and the necessary mechanisms are in place to investigate and punish abuse and corruption in the police services. There are isolated reports of police corruption, but these are typically resolved effectively by the authorities (HRR 2014)."@en . . . . . . 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"La corrupci\u00F3 a Espanya \u00E9s un fenomen present a les institucions. Espanya t\u00E9 un risc elevat de corrupci\u00F3 al sector de la contractaci\u00F3 p\u00FAblica, en la que es denuncien vincles entre pol\u00EDtics i empreses, favoritisme en les decisions dels funcionaris i desviament de fons p\u00FAblics. Els suborns s\u00F3n end\u00E8mics la construcci\u00F3 i la recollida de residus. Altres irregularitats habituals en els procediments de contractaci\u00F3 p\u00FAblica son especificacions fetes a mida, ab\u00FAs de procediments negociats, conflictes d'interessos en l'avaluaci\u00F3 de les ofertes, licitacions col\u00B7lusives i modificacions de termes contractuals despr\u00E9s de la celebraci\u00F3 del contracte, l'\u00FAs de procediments d'urg\u00E8ncia injustificats, fraccionament de contractes, modificacions injustificades de contractes i les excepcions injustificades per a la publicaci\u00F3 obligat\u00F2ria de les licitacions. La corrupci\u00F3 i la mala gesti\u00F3 de la contractaci\u00F3 estan especialment esteses a la pol\u00EDtica local, on els municipis sovint pateixen mecanismes de supervisi\u00F3 deficients i els funcionaris poden actuar amb discreci\u00F3."@ca . . . . . . . . . "La corrupci\u00F3 a Espanya \u00E9s un fenomen present a les institucions. Espanya t\u00E9 un risc elevat de corrupci\u00F3 al sector de la contractaci\u00F3 p\u00FAblica, en la que es denuncien vincles entre pol\u00EDtics i empreses, favoritisme en les decisions dels funcionaris i desviament de fons p\u00FAblics. Els suborns s\u00F3n end\u00E8mics la construcci\u00F3 i la recollida de residus. Altres irregularitats habituals en els procediments de contractaci\u00F3 p\u00FAblica son especificacions fetes a mida, ab\u00FAs de procediments negociats, conflictes d'interessos en l'avaluaci\u00F3 de les ofertes, licitacions col\u00B7lusives i modificacions de termes contractuals despr\u00E9s de la celebraci\u00F3 del contracte, l'\u00FAs de procediments d'urg\u00E8ncia injustificats, fraccionament de contractes, modificacions injustificades de contractes i les excepcions injustificades per a "@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .