"Diz-se que um grupo de organismos tem origem comum se todos partilham um ancestral. Em biologia, a teoria da origem comum universal postula que todos os organismos na Terra descendem de um ancestral comum, ou de um pool de genes ancestral."@pt . . "Antepasado com\u00FAn es el t\u00E9rmino que usamos para referirnos al ser vivo o especie del cual descienden dos o m\u00E1s especies; o del ser vivo del cual descienden dos o m\u00E1s seres vivos dentro de una especie."@es . "Sekelompok organisme disebut memiliki garis keturunan bersama apabila mereka memiliki nenek moyang yang sama. Dalam bidang biologi modern, umumnya diterima bahwa semua organisme yang hidup pada Bumi merupakan keturunan dari leluhur yang sama ataupun lungkang gen leluhur yang sama. Kemudian seorang ahli paleontologi berpendapat bahwa kendala utama dalam membuktikan teori evolusi adalah catatan fosil, dan catatan fosil tersebut belum mengungkapkan jejak-jejak jenis peralihan hipotesis Darwin. Malah sebaliknya spesies muncul dan musnah secara tiba-tiba."@in . . . . . . . . . "Hipoteza Wsp\u00F3lnego Przodka \u2013 postulat pochodzenia wszystkich organizm\u00F3w \u017Cywych na Ziemi od wsp\u00F3lnego przodka/wsp\u00F3lnej puli gen\u00F3w. W oryginalnej postaci zaproponowana przez Karola Darwina w pracach O powstawaniu gatunk\u00F3w oraz w . G\u0142\u00F3wnymi faktami przemawiaj\u0105cymi na korzy\u015B\u0107 tej hipotezy s\u0105: uniwersalno\u015B\u0107 kodu genetycznego, jednolito\u015B\u0107 mechanizm\u00F3w biochemicznych oraz uniwersalne drzewo filogenetyczne zrekonstruowane z danych molekularnych."@pl . . . . . "\uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1(\u5171\u901A\u7956\u4E0A)\uC740 \uC885\uBD84\uD654 \uC774\uC804\uC758 \uC0DD\uBB3C \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC744 \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A4\uB294 \uC9C4\uD654\uC0DD\uBB3C\uD559 \uC6A9\uC5B4\uC774\uB2E4. \uB450 \uC0DD\uBB3C \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC774 \uD558\uB098\uC758 \uC870\uC0C1\uC73C\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uBD84\uD654\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4\uBA74 \uC774\uB97C \uB450 \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC758 \uACF5\uD1B5\uC870\uC0C1\uC774\uB77C \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC9C0\uAD6C\uC0C1\uC758 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uC740 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uBD84\uD654\uB418\uC5B4 \uC9C4\uD654\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. \uCC30\uC2A4 \uB2E4\uC708\uC740 1859\uB144 \u300A\uC885\uC758 \uAE30\uC6D0\u300B\uC744 \uCD9C\uD310\uD558\uC5EC \uC9C4\uD654\uB97C \uAC70\uC2AC\uB7EC \uC62C\uB77C\uAC00\uBA74 \uCD5C\uCD08 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uAC8C \uB41C\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC81C\uC2DC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1871\uB144 \uCD9C\uAC04\uB41C \u300A\u300B\uC5D0\uC11C \uB2E4\uC708\uC740 \uB2E4\uC2DC \uD55C \uBC88 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC758 \uAC1C\uB150\uC744 \uBC1D\uD614\uB2E4. \uC624\uB298\uB0A0 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uC758 \uCD5C\uD6C4 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC758 \uAC1C\uB150\uC740 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C \uB110\uB9AC \uBC1B\uC544\uB4E4\uC5EC\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70 39\uC5B5\uB144 \uC804 \uBB34\uB835 \uC9C0\uAD6C\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uB098\uD0C0\uB09C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uCD94\uC815\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uD55C\uD3B8, \uAC19\uC740 \uBAA9\uC744 \uC774\uB8E8\uB294 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uB4E4\uC758 \uACF5\uD1B5\uC870\uC0C1\uC740 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uCD5C\uADFC\uC758 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1(\uC601\uC5B4: Most recent common ancestor, MRCA)\uC774\uB77C \uD55C\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . "\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643"@ar . "\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90"@zh . . "\u5171\u901A\u7956\u5148\uFF08\u304D\u3087\u3046\u3064\u3046\u305D\u305B\u3093\u3001Common descent\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u751F\u7269\u9032\u5316\u3092\u3055\u304B\u306E\u307C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u300C\u5168\u751F\u7269\u306E\u7956\u5148\u578B\u751F\u547D\u300D\u306E\u6982\u5FF5\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8A9E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5171\u901A\u7956\u5148\u306E\u5B58\u5728\u306F\u6982\u5FF5\u7684\u306B\u306F\u53E4\u304F\u304B\u3089\u63D0\u5531\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3082\u306E\u306E\u79D1\u5B66\u7684\u306B\u305D\u306E\u5B58\u5728\u304C\u63D0\u5531\u3055\u308C\u305F\u306E\u306F1987\u5E74\u4EE5\u964D\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u305D\u3053\u306B\u306F\u30AB\u30FC\u30EB\u30FB\u30A6\u30FC\u30BA\u306B\u3088\u308B\u53E4\u7D30\u83CC\u306E\u767A\u898B\u304C\u91CD\u8981\u306A\u5F79\u5272\u3092\u6F14\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u672C\u8A18\u4E8B\u306F\u300C\u751F\u547D\u306E\u8D77\u6E90\u300D\u3067\u306F\u8AD6\u3058\u3089\u308C\u306A\u3044\u751F\u547D\u8A95\u751F\u5F8C\u306E\u9032\u5316\u3084\u305D\u306E\u3042\u308A\u65B9\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89E3\u8AAC\u3059\u308B\u3002\u5316\u5B66\u9032\u5316\u5F8C\u306E\u539F\u59CB\u751F\u547D\u4F53\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306F\u5F53\u8A72\u8A18\u4E8B\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002 \u5225\u540D\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306F\u3055\u307E\u3056\u307E\u306A\u540D\u524D\u304C\u591A\u304F\u306E\u5B66\u8005\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u63D0\u5531\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304A\u308A\u3001\u305D\u306E\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30CB\u30E5\u30A2\u30F3\u30B9\u304C\u5FAE\u5999\u306B\u7570\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u5F8C\u8FF0\u3059\u308B\u3002"@ja . "\u039A\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE"@el . "Abstammungstheorie"@de . . . . . "Sekelompok organisme disebut memiliki garis keturunan bersama apabila mereka memiliki nenek moyang yang sama. Dalam bidang biologi modern, umumnya diterima bahwa semua organisme yang hidup pada Bumi merupakan keturunan dari leluhur yang sama ataupun lungkang gen leluhur yang sama. Teori universal common descent didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip evolusi yang diajukan oleh Charles Darwin pada bukunya On the Origin of Species (1859) dan (1871). Teori ini sekarang umumnya diterima oleh para ahli biologi, dan last universal common ancestor (LUCA atau LUA), yaitu leluhur bersama paling awal dari seluruh organisme yang hidup dipercayai muncul sekitar 3,9 miliar tahun yang lalu. Teori leluhur bersama yang dimiliki oleh semua organisme adalah salah satu prinsip evolusi. Menurut teori evolusi, setiap spesies hidup berasal dari satu nenek moyang, spesies yang ada sebelumnya lambat laun berubah menjadi spesies lain, dan semua spesies lain muncul dengan cara itu. Perubahan yang terjadi berlangsung sedikit demi sedikit dalam jangka waktu jutaan tahun, sehingga memungkinkan adanya banyak spesies dalam bentuk peralihan selama periode perubahan tersebut. Selanjutnya Darwin menjelaskan bahwa jika catatan fosil dipelajari dengan terperinci maka akan ditemukan mata rantai yang hilang tersebut. Kemudian seorang ahli paleontologi berpendapat bahwa kendala utama dalam membuktikan teori evolusi adalah catatan fosil, dan catatan fosil tersebut belum mengungkapkan jejak-jejak jenis peralihan hipotesis Darwin. Malah sebaliknya spesies muncul dan musnah secara tiba-tiba."@in . . . . "31632"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "2551016"^^ . "Komuna deveno piskribas kiel, en evoluisma biologio, grupo de organismoj kunhavas plej \u0135usan komunan praulon. Estas \"amasa\" pruvaro de komuna deveno el la vivo en la Tero el la lasta universala komuna praulo. En Julio 2016, sciencistoj informis ke ili identigis serion de 355 genoj el la lasta universala komuna praulo, per komparo de la genomoj de la tri regnoj el vivaj esta\u0135oj, nome ar\u0125ioj, bakterioj, kaj e\u016Dkariotoj. Komuna deveno inter organismoj de diferencaj specioj estas klara dum speciigo, en kiu novaj specioj establi\u011Das el unusola praa populacio. Organismoj kiuj kunhavas plej \u0135usan komunan praulon kaj estas tre proksime rilataj. La plej \u0135usa komuna praulo el \u0109iuj nuntempaj vivantaj organismoj estas la lasta universala praulo, kiu vivis anta\u016D \u0109irka\u016D 3.9 mil milionoj da jaroj. La du plej fruaj pruvoj por la vivo en la Tero estas grafito trovita kiel biogenika en metasedimentaj rokoj de 3.7 mil milionoj da jaroj malkovritaj en okcidenta Gronlando kaj en mikrobiaj tavoloj fosiliaj trovitaj en sablo\u015Dtono de 3.48 mil milionoj da jaroj malkovrita en Okcidenta A\u016Dstralio. \u0108iuj nunaj vivantaj organismoj en la Tero kunhavas komunan genetikan heredon, kvankam la sugesto de substanca horizontala genotransigo dum frua evolucio kondukis al demandoj pri la monofilio (unusola praulo) de vivo. Universala komuna deveno tra evolucia procezo estis por la unua fojo proponita de la angla naturalisto Charles Darwin en la konkluda frazo de sia verko de 1859 nome La origino de specioj:"@eo . "Con la definizione di progenitore comune (o antenato comune) s'intende l'individuo o specie dal quale discendono due o pi\u00F9 specie; o l'essere vivente dal quale discendono due o pi\u00F9 individui nell'ambito di una data specie."@it . . . . "Komuna deveno"@eo . "Genealogian, bi pertsonaren arbaso komuna euren zuhaitz genealogikoetan bat datorren arbasoa da, bien arteko ahaidetasuna frogatzen duena. Adibidez, lehengusuen arbaso komunak aiton-amonak dira. Biologia ebolutiboan, arbaso komuna organismo bizidunen multzo batek partekatzen duen arbaso bat da. Oro har, badaude zenbait ziurtasun Lurreko izaki bizidun guztiek arbaso komun bakarra partekatzen dutela esateko. Arbaso horri esaten zaio. 2016an zenbait zientzialarik azken arbaso komun unibertsalaren 355 generen multzo bat identifikatu zuten, bizitzaren hiru domeinuetako genomak alderatuta. Espezie desberdinetako organismoen arbaso komunak espeziazio prozesua gertatzean sortzen dira, aurretik existitzen den jatorrizko populazio batetik espezie berriak agertzen direnean. Arbaso komun berriagoa duten organismoak estuagoki erlazionatuta daude. Haatik, geneen transferentzia horizontalak zalantzak sortzen ditu bizitzaren azken arbaso komun unibertsalaren teoriaren inguruan, mekanismo horren arabera, geneen transferentziak ez baitira beti bertikalak, arbasoetatik ondorengoetara."@eu . . . "Komuna deveno piskribas kiel, en evoluisma biologio, grupo de organismoj kunhavas plej \u0135usan komunan praulon. Estas \"amasa\" pruvaro de komuna deveno el la vivo en la Tero el la lasta universala komuna praulo. En Julio 2016, sciencistoj informis ke ili identigis serion de 355 genoj el la lasta universala komuna praulo, per komparo de la genomoj de la tri regnoj el vivaj esta\u0135oj, nome ar\u0125ioj, bakterioj, kaj e\u016Dkariotoj."@eo . "Diz-se que um grupo de organismos tem origem comum se todos partilham um ancestral. Em biologia, a teoria da origem comum universal postula que todos os organismos na Terra descendem de um ancestral comum, ou de um pool de genes ancestral. A primeira teoria da origem comum universal baseada em princ\u00EDpios evolutivos foi proposta por Charles Darwin nos seus livros A Origem das Esp\u00E9cies (1859) e The Descent of Man (1871). Esta teoria \u00E9 hoje aceita unanimemente pelos bi\u00F3logos, e cr\u00EA-se que o mais antigo ancestral comum universal (LUCA \u2013 do ingl\u00EAs last universal common ancestor) de todos os organismos vivos modernos tenha surgido h\u00E1 cerca de 3,8 bilh\u00F5es de anos (ver: origem da vida)."@pt . "Antepasado com\u00FAn"@es . . . . . . "\u0413\u0438\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043B\u0430\u0442 \u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430 / \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u043E\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043Da \u0414\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0435 \u00AB\u041F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u0432\u00BB \u0438 \u00AB\u041F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430\u00BB. \u041E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u044D\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u0438\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0443, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F: \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043E, \u0440\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u043E \u043C\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0440\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C."@ru . . "\u0413\u0438\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043B\u0430\u0442 \u043E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043C\u043B\u0435 \u043E\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430 / \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u043E\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043D\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043Da \u0414\u0430\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0435 \u00AB\u041F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u0432\u00BB \u0438 \u00AB\u041F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430\u00BB. \u041E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u043C\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u044D\u0442\u0443 \u0433\u0438\u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0443, \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F: \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043E, \u0440\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u043E \u043C\u043E\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0440\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u043C."@ru . "1114673371"^^ . . . "Arbaso komun"@eu . . . . . "Hipoteza Wsp\u00F3lnego Przodka \u2013 postulat pochodzenia wszystkich organizm\u00F3w \u017Cywych na Ziemi od wsp\u00F3lnego przodka/wsp\u00F3lnej puli gen\u00F3w. W oryginalnej postaci zaproponowana przez Karola Darwina w pracach O powstawaniu gatunk\u00F3w oraz w . G\u0142\u00F3wnymi faktami przemawiaj\u0105cymi na korzy\u015B\u0107 tej hipotezy s\u0105: uniwersalno\u015B\u0107 kodu genetycznego, jednolito\u015B\u0107 mechanizm\u00F3w biochemicznych oraz uniwersalne drzewo filogenetyczne zrekonstruowane z danych molekularnych."@pl . . "Anc\u00EAtre commun"@fr . . "5259"^^ . . . "Een gemeenschappelijke voorouder is in de genealogie en evolutiebiologie een individu waar twee of meerdere individuen of soorten van afstammen. Meer specifiek kan ermee bedoeld worden: \n* de recentste gemeenschappelijke voorouder (Engels: Most Recent Common Ancestor, MRCA) van individuen of soorten; \n* LUCA (Engels: Last Universal Common Ancestor), de laatste gemeenschappelijke voorouder van al het leven op Aarde."@nl . . . . . . . "\uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1"@ko . "Zoonomia; or The laws of organic life: in three parts"@en . . . . . . . "Een gemeenschappelijke voorouder is in de genealogie en evolutiebiologie een individu waar twee of meerdere individuen of soorten van afstammen. Meer specifiek kan ermee bedoeld worden: \n* de recentste gemeenschappelijke voorouder (Engels: Most Recent Common Ancestor, MRCA) van individuen of soorten; \n* LUCA (Engels: Last Universal Common Ancestor), de laatste gemeenschappelijke voorouder van al het leven op Aarde."@nl . "Avantpassat com\u00FA"@ca . . . . "300"^^ . "Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. All living beings are in fact descendants of a unique ancestor commonly referred to as the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) of all life on Earth, according to modern evolutionary biology. Common descent is an effect of speciation, in which multiple species derive from a single ancestral population. The more recent the ancestral population two species have in common, the more closely are they related. The most recent common ancestor of all currently living organisms is the last universal ancestor, which lived about 3.9 billion years ago. The two earliest pieces of evidence for life on Earth are graphite found to be biogenic in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in western Greenland and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. All currently living organisms on Earth share a common genetic heritage, though the suggestion of substantial horizontal gene transfer during early evolution has led to questions about the monophyly (single ancestry) of life. 6,331 groups of genes common to all living animals have been identified; these may have arisen from a single common ancestor that lived 650 million years ago in the Precambrian. Universal common descent through an evolutionary process was first proposed by the British naturalist Charles Darwin in the concluding sentence of his 1859 book On the Origin of Species: There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved."@en . . . "Die Abstammungstheorie, auch Deszendenztheorie genannt, ist die naturwissenschaftliche Theorie, die besagt, dass alle Arten der Lebewesen (d. h. der zellul\u00E4r aufgebauten Organismen) auf eine oder wenige Urformen als gemeinsamen Vorg\u00E4nger zur\u00FCckgehen, mit dem jedes Lebewesen in gerader Abstammungslinie verbunden ist. Nach der monophyletischen (griech.: einst\u00E4mmigen) Abstammungslehre gehen alle Arten auf nur eine Urart zur\u00FCck. Eine beliebige Menge irgendwelcher lebenden Organismen hat also stets nur einen j\u00FCngsten gemeinsamen Urvorfahr und eine aufeinanderfolgende Reihe weiterer gemeinsamer Vorfahren. Das gilt f\u00FCr alle lebenden und jemals existierenden Organismen auf der Erde. Nach der polyphyletischen (griech.: mehrst\u00E4mmigen) Abstammungslehre gehen alle gegenw\u00E4rtigen Arten auf mehrere Grundst\u00E4mme zur\u00FCck. Die Frage nach den Mechanismen hinter der Entstehung der Arten in diesem Prozess ist der Gegenstand der Evolutionstheorien. Die Frage nach der Herkunft des gemeinsamen Vorg\u00E4ngers wird in der Naturwissenschaft im Rahmen der chemischen Evolution erforscht. Die Abstammungstheorie erkl\u00E4rt folgende wesentlichen Sachverhalte: \n* \u00C4hnlichkeiten zwischen Baupl\u00E4nen verschiedener Tiere, die voneinander abstammen, z. B. die Ahnenreihe des Pferdes. \n* rudiment\u00E4re Organe und Atavismen \n* Br\u00FCckenformen (Archaeopteryx, Quastenflosser) \n* Fossilien ausgestorbener Arten \n* Genetik (insbesondere die weitestgehende Universalit\u00E4t des genetischen Codes) \n* Biochemie (\u00C4hnlichkeit wichtiger Molek\u00FCle bei verwandten Tiergruppen z. B. Insulin, H\u00E4moglobin) \n* Entwicklungsbiologie, m\u00F6glicher Zusammenhang zwischen Ontogenese und Phylogenese Eine statistische Untersuchung aus dem Jahr 2010 hat ergeben, dass das Leben sehr wahrscheinlich von einer einzigen Urart abstammt. Ein einziger gemeinsamer Vorfahr ist danach 102.860 mal wahrscheinlicher als mehrere. Einige Indizien f\u00FCr diese Annahme sind neben der genannten starken Universalit\u00E4t des genetischen Codes die sonst unerkl\u00E4rliche \u00C4hnlichkeit der membrangebundenen ATPasen (verantwortlich f\u00FCr das Verf\u00FCgbarmachen von Energie in der Zelle) \u00FCber alle drei Dom\u00E4nen des Lebens hinweg, sowie die Erkenntnis, dass Archaeen (wie Halobacterium salinarum) die gleichen Mechanismen zur Erhaltung der Zellgr\u00F6\u00DFe benutzen wie Bakterien (z. B. Escherichia coli) und Eukaryonten (wie z. B. Hefen), d. h. dass die Zellteilungsstrategie in allen drei Dom\u00E4nen des Lebens offenbar gleich ist. Die F\u00E4higkeit primitiver Lebewesen zum horizontalen (lateralen) Gentransfer er\u00F6ffnet die M\u00F6glichkeit, dass anstelle eines einzigen universellen Ahns eine Gemeinschaft primitiver Einzeller tritt, die sich jedoch untereinander im stetigen Genaustausch befanden (Common ancestral community), und daher aus heutiger Sicht als eine Einheit (Species) erscheinen. Zu Beginn des Lebens musste der vertikale Gentransfer (Vererbung) erst erfunden werden (siehe RNA-Welt-Hypothese), w\u00E4hrend der horizontale Genaustausch bei noch unvollst\u00E4ndiger Separation der Zellen am Anfang stand. Im Unterschied zu den zellul\u00E4r aufgebauten Organismen wird nicht von einer monophyletischen Abstammung aller Viren (Virusspecies) ausgegangen, allenfalls innerhalb der einzelnen Virus-Realms."@de . . . . "Common descent"@en . . . "\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ACommon descent\uFF09\u662F\u6307\u4E00\u7FA4\u751F\u7269\u9AD4\u64C1\u6709\u6700\u8FD1\u5171\u540C\u7956\u5148\u7684\u60C5\u6CC1\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5730\u7403\u4E0A\u7684\u751F\u547D\u90FD\u6E90\u65BC\u6700\u5F8C\u5171\u540C\u7956\u5148\u6216\u6700\u5F8C\u5171\u540C\u7956\u5148\u57FA\u56E0\u6C60\u3002 \u5728\u6F14\u5316\u751F\u7269\u5B78\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4E00\u7FA4\u751F\u7269\u7684\u67D0\u500B\u5171\u6709\u7684\u6027\u72C0\u5982\u679C\u4F86\u81EA\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\uFF0C\u7A31\u70BA\u540C\u6E90\uFF0C\u8207\u4E4B\u76F8\u53CD\u662F\u8DA8\u540C\u6F14\u5316\u3002 \u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\u4E0D\u7B49\u65BC\u6700\u65E9\u7684\u751F\u7269\uFF0C\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\u4E4B\u524D\u53EF\u4EE5\u6709\u66F4\u591A\u66F4\u53E4\u8001\u7684\u751F\u7269\u3002"@zh . . "Avantpassat com\u00FA \u00E9s el terme usat per descriure a l'\u00E9sser viu o esp\u00E8cie del qual descendeixen dues o m\u00E9s esp\u00E8cies, o de l'\u00E9sser viu del qual descendeixen dos o m\u00E9s \u00E9ssers vius dins d'una esp\u00E8cie."@ca . . . . . . . . "\u5171\u901A\u7956\u5148\uFF08\u304D\u3087\u3046\u3064\u3046\u305D\u305B\u3093\u3001Common descent\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u751F\u7269\u9032\u5316\u3092\u3055\u304B\u306E\u307C\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u300C\u5168\u751F\u7269\u306E\u7956\u5148\u578B\u751F\u547D\u300D\u306E\u6982\u5FF5\u3092\u8868\u3059\u8A9E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5171\u901A\u7956\u5148\u306E\u5B58\u5728\u306F\u6982\u5FF5\u7684\u306B\u306F\u53E4\u304F\u304B\u3089\u63D0\u5531\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u305F\u3082\u306E\u306E\u79D1\u5B66\u7684\u306B\u305D\u306E\u5B58\u5728\u304C\u63D0\u5531\u3055\u308C\u305F\u306E\u306F1987\u5E74\u4EE5\u964D\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u305D\u3053\u306B\u306F\u30AB\u30FC\u30EB\u30FB\u30A6\u30FC\u30BA\u306B\u3088\u308B\u53E4\u7D30\u83CC\u306E\u767A\u898B\u304C\u91CD\u8981\u306A\u5F79\u5272\u3092\u6F14\u3058\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u672C\u8A18\u4E8B\u306F\u300C\u751F\u547D\u306E\u8D77\u6E90\u300D\u3067\u306F\u8AD6\u3058\u3089\u308C\u306A\u3044\u751F\u547D\u8A95\u751F\u5F8C\u306E\u9032\u5316\u3084\u305D\u306E\u3042\u308A\u65B9\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u89E3\u8AAC\u3059\u308B\u3002\u5316\u5B66\u9032\u5316\u5F8C\u306E\u539F\u59CB\u751F\u547D\u4F53\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306F\u5F53\u8A72\u8A18\u4E8B\u3092\u53C2\u7167\u3002 \u5225\u540D\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306F\u3055\u307E\u3056\u307E\u306A\u540D\u524D\u304C\u591A\u304F\u306E\u5B66\u8005\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u63D0\u5531\u3055\u308C\u3066\u304A\u308A\u3001\u305D\u306E\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30CB\u30E5\u30A2\u30F3\u30B9\u304C\u5FAE\u5999\u306B\u7570\u306A\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u5F8C\u8FF0\u3059\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . "Progenitore comune"@it . "Gemeenschappelijke voorouder"@nl . . . . . . . "Antepasado com\u00FAn es el t\u00E9rmino que usamos para referirnos al ser vivo o especie del cual descienden dos o m\u00E1s especies; o del ser vivo del cual descienden dos o m\u00E1s seres vivos dentro de una especie."@es . . "\uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1(\u5171\u901A\u7956\u4E0A)\uC740 \uC885\uBD84\uD654 \uC774\uC804\uC758 \uC0DD\uBB3C \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC744 \uAC00\uB9AC\uD0A4\uB294 \uC9C4\uD654\uC0DD\uBB3C\uD559 \uC6A9\uC5B4\uC774\uB2E4. \uB450 \uC0DD\uBB3C \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC774 \uD558\uB098\uC758 \uC870\uC0C1\uC73C\uB85C\uBD80\uD130 \uBD84\uD654\uB418\uC5C8\uB2E4\uBA74 \uC774\uB97C \uB450 \uC9D1\uB2E8\uC758 \uACF5\uD1B5\uC870\uC0C1\uC774\uB77C \uD55C\uB2E4. \uC9C0\uAD6C\uC0C1\uC758 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uC740 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC5D0\uC11C \uBD84\uD654\uB418\uC5B4 \uC9C4\uD654\uD55C \uAC83\uC774\uB2E4. \uCC30\uC2A4 \uB2E4\uC708\uC740 1859\uB144 \u300A\uC885\uC758 \uAE30\uC6D0\u300B\uC744 \uCD9C\uD310\uD558\uC5EC \uC9C4\uD654\uB97C \uAC70\uC2AC\uB7EC \uC62C\uB77C\uAC00\uBA74 \uCD5C\uCD08 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uAC8C \uB41C\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC81C\uC2DC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1871\uB144 \uCD9C\uAC04\uB41C \u300A\u300B\uC5D0\uC11C \uB2E4\uC708\uC740 \uB2E4\uC2DC \uD55C \uBC88 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC758 \uAC1C\uB150\uC744 \uBC1D\uD614\uB2E4. \uC624\uB298\uB0A0 \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uC758 \uCD5C\uD6C4 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1\uC758 \uAC1C\uB150\uC740 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uD559\uC5D0\uC11C \uB110\uB9AC \uBC1B\uC544\uB4E4\uC5EC\uC9C0\uACE0 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70 39\uC5B5\uB144 \uC804 \uBB34\uB835 \uC9C0\uAD6C\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uB098\uD0C0\uB09C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uCD94\uC815\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uD55C\uD3B8, \uAC19\uC740 \uBAA9\uC744 \uC774\uB8E8\uB294 \uC0DD\uBB3C\uB4E4\uC758 \uACF5\uD1B5\uC870\uC0C1\uC740 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uCD5C\uADFC\uC758 \uACF5\uD1B5 \uC870\uC0C1(\uC601\uC5B4: Most recent common ancestor, MRCA)\uC774\uB77C \uD55C\uB2E4."@ko . "Die Abstammungstheorie, auch Deszendenztheorie genannt, ist die naturwissenschaftliche Theorie, die besagt, dass alle Arten der Lebewesen (d. h. der zellul\u00E4r aufgebauten Organismen) auf eine oder wenige Urformen als gemeinsamen Vorg\u00E4nger zur\u00FCckgehen, mit dem jedes Lebewesen in gerader Abstammungslinie verbunden ist. Nach der polyphyletischen (griech.: mehrst\u00E4mmigen) Abstammungslehre gehen alle gegenw\u00E4rtigen Arten auf mehrere Grundst\u00E4mme zur\u00FCck. Die Abstammungstheorie erkl\u00E4rt folgende wesentlichen Sachverhalte:"@de . . . "Genealogian, bi pertsonaren arbaso komuna euren zuhaitz genealogikoetan bat datorren arbasoa da, bien arteko ahaidetasuna frogatzen duena. Adibidez, lehengusuen arbaso komunak aiton-amonak dira. Biologia ebolutiboan, arbaso komuna organismo bizidunen multzo batek partekatzen duen arbaso bat da. Oro har, badaude zenbait ziurtasun Lurreko izaki bizidun guztiek arbaso komun bakarra partekatzen dutela esateko. Arbaso horri esaten zaio. 2016an zenbait zientzialarik azken arbaso komun unibertsalaren 355 generen multzo bat identifikatu zuten, bizitzaren hiru domeinuetako genomak alderatuta."@eu . . . . "\u03A3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03BE\u03B5\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B2\u03B9\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE \u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03AD\u03BB\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03C1\u03AC\u03B6\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2. \u03A5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B9\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03B4\u03B5\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C5\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC, \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B5\u03C2 \u03AD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03C1\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE\u03C2 \u03CC\u03BB\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03AD\u03BC\u03B2\u03B9\u03C9\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03B7\u03C2, \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF."@el . . . . "\u03A3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03BE\u03B5\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B2\u03B9\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03AF\u03B1, \u03BC\u03AF\u03B1 \u03BF\u03BC\u03AC\u03B4\u03B1 \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD \u03AD\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03AE \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE \u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03C4\u03B1 \u03BC\u03AD\u03BB\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03BC\u03BF\u03B9\u03C1\u03AC\u03B6\u03BF\u03BD\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF \u03BC\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BE\u03CD \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2. \u03A5\u03C0\u03AC\u03C1\u03C7\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C0\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B9\u03BF \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03B4\u03B5\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03C5\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC, \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03B5\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03B7\u03BC\u03B5\u03C2 \u03AD\u03C1\u03B5\u03C5\u03BD\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03C5\u03C0\u03BF\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03C1\u03AF\u03B6\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE\u03C2 \u03CC\u03BB\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03AD\u03BC\u03B2\u03B9\u03C9\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0393\u03B7\u03C2, \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03AD\u03BD\u03B1\u03BD \u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF. \u039F \u039A\u03AC\u03C1\u03BF\u03BB\u03BF\u03C2 \u0394\u03B1\u03C1\u03B2\u03AF\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5\u03B9\u03BD\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B7 \u03B8\u03B5\u03C9\u03C1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF \u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03B1\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03CE\u03BD \u03BC\u03AD\u03C3\u03C9 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BE\u03B5\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B1\u03B4\u03B9\u03BA\u03B1\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03AD\u03C1\u03B3\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0397 \u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03B1\u03B3\u03C9\u03B3\u03AE \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B5\u03B9\u03B4\u03CE\u03BD. \u039F \u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03C4\u03B1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C2 \u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B5\u03AF\u03BD\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2 \u03CC\u03BB\u03C9\u03BD \u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03B6\u03CE\u03BD\u03C4\u03C9\u03BD \u03BF\u03C1\u03B3\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CE\u03BD, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03CD\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03C9\u03C2 \u03AD\u03B6\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 3,9 \u03B4\u03B9\u03C3\u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C7\u03C1\u03CC\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C0\u03C1\u03B9\u03BD."@el . . "\u0422\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043A\u0430"@ru . . . "\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ACommon descent\uFF09\u662F\u6307\u4E00\u7FA4\u751F\u7269\u9AD4\u64C1\u6709\u6700\u8FD1\u5171\u540C\u7956\u5148\u7684\u60C5\u6CC1\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5730\u7403\u4E0A\u7684\u751F\u547D\u90FD\u6E90\u65BC\u6700\u5F8C\u5171\u540C\u7956\u5148\u6216\u6700\u5F8C\u5171\u540C\u7956\u5148\u57FA\u56E0\u6C60\u3002 \u5728\u6F14\u5316\u751F\u7269\u5B78\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4E00\u7FA4\u751F\u7269\u7684\u67D0\u500B\u5171\u6709\u7684\u6027\u72C0\u5982\u679C\u4F86\u81EA\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\uFF0C\u7A31\u70BA\u540C\u6E90\uFF0C\u8207\u4E4B\u76F8\u53CD\u662F\u8DA8\u540C\u6F14\u5316\u3002 \u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\u4E0D\u7B49\u65BC\u6700\u65E9\u7684\u751F\u7269\uFF0C\u5171\u540C\u8D77\u6E90\u4E4B\u524D\u53EF\u4EE5\u6709\u66F4\u591A\u66F4\u53E4\u8001\u7684\u751F\u7269\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . "Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. All living beings are in fact descendants of a unique ancestor commonly referred to as the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) of all life on Earth, according to modern evolutionary biology. Universal common descent through an evolutionary process was first proposed by the British naturalist Charles Darwin in the concluding sentence of his 1859 book On the Origin of Species:"@en . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Common Descent)\u200F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064A \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0631\u062D \u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u062F\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064A\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0621 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627: \u00AB\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0629\u061B \u0641\u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0639\u062F\u062F\u0629 \u0642\u062F \u0646\u064F\u0641\u062E\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F.\u00BB \u0648\u064A\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u064A\u0631\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062D\u062F\u062B \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0642\u062F \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0630 3.9 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . "Nenek moyang bersama"@in . . . . . . . . . "Origem comum"@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Avantpassat com\u00FA \u00E9s el terme usat per descriure a l'\u00E9sser viu o esp\u00E8cie del qual descendeixen dues o m\u00E9s esp\u00E8cies, o de l'\u00E9sser viu del qual descendeixen dos o m\u00E9s \u00E9ssers vius dins d'una esp\u00E8cie."@ca . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Common Descent)\u200F \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064A \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062C\u0645\u064A\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062D \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0642\u062A\u0631\u062D \u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u062F\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064A\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0621 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627: \u00AB\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0629\u061B \u0641\u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0639\u062F\u062F\u0629 \u0642\u062F \u0646\u064F\u0641\u062E\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F.\u00BB \u0648\u064A\u0639\u062A\u0642\u062F \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u064A\u0631\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062D\u062F\u062B \u0633\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062A\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0642\u062F \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0630 3.9 \u0645\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629."@ar . "Con la definizione di progenitore comune (o antenato comune) s'intende l'individuo o specie dal quale discendono due o pi\u00F9 specie; o l'essere vivente dal quale discendono due o pi\u00F9 individui nell'ambito di una data specie."@it . . "Teoria wsp\u00F3lnego przodka"@pl . . . "\u5171\u901A\u7956\u5148"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A phylogenetic tree based on ribosomal RNA genes implies a single origin for all life."@en . . .