. . . . . "Paul von Hindenburg"@en . . . "Battle of Verdun"@en . . "118"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Battle of Verdun"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uC804\uD22C"@ko . . . "51497"^^ . "\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306E\u6226\u3044\uFF08\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306E\u305F\u305F\u304B\u3044\u3001Battle of Verdun\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6226\u306E\u897F\u90E8\u6226\u7DDA\u3067\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u5185\u306E\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u3092\u821E\u53F0\u306B\u7E70\u308A\u5E83\u3052\u3089\u308C\u305F\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8ECD\u3068\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306E\u6226\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6226\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u4E3B\u8981\u306A\u6226\u3044\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3067\u30011916\u5E742\u670821\u65E5\u306B\u59CB\u307E\u308A\u3001\u4E21\u8ECD\u5408\u308F\u305B\u3066700,000\u4EBA\u4EE5\u4E0A\u306E\u6B7B\u50B7\u8005\u3092\u51FA\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u5E1D\u56FD\u306F\u81A0\u7740\u3057\u305F\u6226\u6CC1\u3092\u6253\u958B\u3059\u3079\u304F\u3001\u53C2\u8B00\u7DCF\u9577\u30A8\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30D2\u30FB\u30D5\u30A9\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30A1\u30EB\u30B1\u30F3\u30CF\u30A4\u30F3\u306E\u767A\u6848\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u76EE\u6A19\u3092\u30D1\u30EA\u3078\u3068\u7D9A\u304F\u8857\u9053\u306B\u3042\u308B\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306B\u5B9A\u3081\u305F\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5927\u91CF\u306E\u640D\u5BB3\u3092\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u306B\u4E0E\u3048\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u304C\u6226\u4E89\u3092\u7D99\u7D9A\u3067\u304D\u306A\u304F\u306A\u308B\u3088\u3046\u4F01\u56F3\u3057\u305F\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5F53\u521D\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u3053\u306E\u4F5C\u6226\u306F\u6210\u529F\u3092\u304A\u3055\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305F\u304C\u3001\u3053\u306E\u6226\u3044\u3092\u6D88\u8017\u6226\u3068\u7406\u89E3\u3057\u306A\u3044\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u30D8\u30EB\u30E0\u7687\u592A\u5B50\u306F\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u653B\u7565\u306B\u56FA\u57F7\u3057\u305F\u3002\u305D\u306E\u7D50\u679C\u3001\u4E21\u8ECD\u3068\u3082\u6CE5\u6CBC\u5F0F\u306B\u5E2B\u56E3\u3092\u6295\u5165\u3057\u3066\u591A\u5927\u306A\u640D\u5BB3\u3092\u51FA\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u6226\u3044\u306E\u6700\u4E2D\u306B\u6771\u90E8\u6226\u7DDA\u3067\u306E\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u8ECD\u306E\u30D6\u30EB\u30B7\u30FC\u30ED\u30D5\u653B\u52E2\u3084\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30BD\u30F3\u30E0\u653B\u52E2\u304C\u59CB\u307E\u308A\u3001\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8ECD\u306F\u305D\u3061\u3089\u306E\u65B9\u306B\u6226\u529B\u3092\u56DE\u3055\u306A\u3051\u308C\u3070\u306A\u3089\u306A\u304F\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002\u305D\u306E\u305F\u3081\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u653B\u7565\u306F\u4E2D\u6B62\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . . "\u0412\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0432\u0430 (\u0444\u0440. Bataille de Verdun, \u043D\u0456\u043C. Schlacht um Verdun) \u2014 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0456 \u0443 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437 21 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E 19 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u044F 1916 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D-\u0441\u044E\u0440-\u041C\u0435\u0437, \u0449\u043E \u0443 \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E-\u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u041D\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438. \u0412\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u043D \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 300 \u0442\u0438\u0441. \u043E\u0441\u0456\u0431. \u0423\u0432\u0456\u0439\u0448\u043B\u0430 \u0432 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u044E \u044F\u043A \u00AB\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043C'\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043A\u0430\u00BB."@uk . . "France" . . "La batalla de Verd\u00FAn (en franc\u00E9s, Bataille de Verdun, en alem\u00E1n, Schlacht um Verdun), librada del 21 de febrero al 18 de diciembre de 1916, fue la mayor y m\u00E1s larga batalla de la Primera Guerra Mundial en el frente occidental entre los ej\u00E9rcitos alem\u00E1n y franc\u00E9s. La batalla tuvo lugar en las colinas al norte de Verdun-sur-Meuse, en el noreste de Francia. El 5.\u00BA Ej\u00E9rcito alem\u00E1n atac\u00F3 las defensas de la Regi\u00F3n Fortificada de Verd\u00FAn (RFV, R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) y las del Segundo Ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s en la margen derecha del Mosa. Inspirados por la experiencia de la en 1915, los alemanes planearon capturar las Alturas del r\u00EDo Mosa, una excelente posici\u00F3n defensiva con una buena observaci\u00F3n del fuego de artiller\u00EDa sobre Verd\u00FAn. Los alemanes esperaban que los franceses comprometieran su reserva estrat\u00E9gica para recuperar la posici\u00F3n y sufrir grandes p\u00E9rdidas en una batalla de aniquilaci\u00F3n, a un costo m\u00EDnimo para los alemanes en posiciones t\u00E1cticamente ventajosas en las alturas. El mal tiempo retras\u00F3 el inicio del ataque alem\u00E1n hasta el 21 de febrero, pero los alemanes capturaron Fort Douaumont en los primeros tres d\u00EDas de la ofensiva. El avance alem\u00E1n se desaceler\u00F3 en los siguientes d\u00EDas, a pesar de las muchas bajas francesas. Para el 6 de marzo, 20 1\u20442 divisiones francesas estaban en la RFV y se hab\u00EDa construido una defensa m\u00E1s extensa en profundidad. Philippe P\u00E9tain orden\u00F3 que no se realizaran retiradas y que se efectuaran contraataques, a pesar de exponer a la infanter\u00EDa francesa al fuego de la artiller\u00EDa alemana. Para el 29 de marzo, la artiller\u00EDa francesa en la orilla oeste hab\u00EDa comenzado un constante bombardeo de las posiciones alemanas en la orilla este, lo que caus\u00F3 muchas bajas de infanter\u00EDa alemana. En marzo, la ofensiva alemana se extendi\u00F3 a la orilla izquierda (oeste) del Mosa, para ocupar el terreno desde el que la artiller\u00EDa francesa hab\u00EDa estado disparando sobre el r\u00EDo a las colinas del Mosa. Los alemanes pudieron avanzar al principio, pero los refuerzos franceses conten\u00EDan los ataques lejos de sus objetivos. A principios de mayo, los alemanes cambiaron de t\u00E1ctica nuevamente e hicieron ataques locales y contraataques, lo que dio a los franceses la oportunidad de comenzar un ataque contra Fort Douaumont. Parte del fuerte fue ocupado hasta que un contraataque alem\u00E1n recaptur\u00F3 el fuerte y tom\u00F3 muchos prisioneros. Los alemanes alternaron sus ataques en ambas orillas del Mosa y en junio capturaron Fort Vaux. Los alemanes continuaron la ofensiva hacia los \u00FAltimos objetivos geogr\u00E1ficos del plan original, en Fleury-devant-Douaumont y Fort Souville. Los alemanes condujeron un saliente hacia las defensas francesas, capturaron a Fleury y llegaron a 4 km de la ciudadela de Verd\u00FAn. En julio de 1916, la ofensiva alemana se redujo para reforzar el frente de Somme y del 23 de junio al 17 de agosto, Fleury cambi\u00F3 de manos diecis\u00E9is veces. A principios de julio, un ataque alem\u00E1n en Fort Souville fall\u00F3. La ofensiva alemana se redujo a\u00FAn m\u00E1s y se intentaron los enga\u00F1os para mantener a los refuerzos franceses lejos del Somme. En agosto y diciembre, las contraofensivas francesas recobraron gran parte del terreno perdido en la orilla este y recuperaron Fort Douaumont y Fort Vaux. La batalla dur\u00F3 303 d\u00EDas, la m\u00E1s larga y una de las m\u00E1s costosas de la historia humana. En 2000, Hannes Heer y K. Naumann calcularon 377 231 bajas francesas y 337 000 alemanas, un total de 714 231, un promedio de 70 000 al mes. En 2014, William Philpott apunt\u00F3 la cifra de 976 000 bajas en 1916 y 1,25 millones que sufrieron en la ciudad durante la guerra."@es . . "--02-21"^^ . . . "De Slag om Verdun (21 februari 1916 \u2013 20 december 1916) was een van de bloedigste veldslagen uit de geschiedenis van de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Tot op de dag van vandaag staat hij symbool voor de zinloze slachting van mensenlevens."@nl . "La battaglia di Verdun (in francese Bataille de Verdun, AFI: [ba'taj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281'd\u0153\u0303]; in tedesco Schlacht um Verdun, AFI: ['\u0283laxt \u02C0\u028Am v\u025B\u0250'd\u0153\u014B]), nome in codice operazione Gericht (\"giudizio\"), fu l'unica grande offensiva tedesca avvenuta tra la prima battaglia della Marna del 1914 e l'ultima offensiva del generale Erich Ludendorff nella primavera del 1918.Fu una delle pi\u00F9 violente e sanguinose battaglie di tutto il fronte occidentale della prima guerra mondiale; ebbe inizio il 21 febbraio 1916 e termin\u00F2 il 19 dicembre dello stesso anno, vedendo contrapposti l'esercito tedesco, guidato dal capo di stato maggiore, generale Erich von Falkenhayn, e l'esercito francese, guidato dal comandante supremo Joseph Joffre sostituito al termine del 1916 con il generale Robert Georges Nivelle.Verdun costitu\u00EC un punto di svolta cruciale della guerra in quanto segn\u00F2 il momento in cui il peso principale delle operazioni nel fronte occidentale pass\u00F2 dalla Francia all'Impero britannico, fece svanire le ancora concrete possibilit\u00E0 della Germania di vincere la guerra e influenz\u00F2 in parte l'entrata in guerra degli Stati Uniti d'America nel conflitto. Questa spaventosa battaglia divenne una sacra leggenda nazionale in Francia, sinonimo di forza, eroismo e sofferenza, i cui effetti e ricordi perdurano ancora oggi; la battaglia coinvolse quasi i tre quarti delle armate francesi, e bench\u00E9 nella storia, e nella stessa prima guerra mondiale, ci siano state battaglie anche pi\u00F9 cruente, Verdun detiene probabilmente il non invidiabile primato di campo di battaglia con la maggior densit\u00E0 di morti per metro quadro.Il fatto d'armi che pi\u00F9 si avvicina a Verdun fu la battaglia di Stalingrado nella seconda guerra mondiale, spesso considerata una \u00ABVerdun russa\u00BB, ma, mentre a Stalingrado l'esercito tedesco tent\u00F2 la conquista di una citt\u00E0 strategicamente importante, a Verdun lo scopo dell'offensiva di Falkenhayn fu quello di \"dissanguare goccia a goccia\" l'esercito francese.Nei piani del capo di stato maggiore generale tedesco, l'importanza morale e propagandistica di un attacco a Verdun avrebbe fatto in modo che tutto lo sforzo francese si riversasse nella difesa di un caposaldo ritenuto di primaria importanza per la Francia. Lo scopo era quello di convogliare il maggior numero di truppe nemiche in un solo settore, per poi colpirlo con la massima potenza possibile con il violento impiego di artiglieria, in modo da infliggergli il maggior numero di perdite possibile."@it . . . . . . . . . . . "59"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Max von Gallwitz"@en . . . . "La battaglia di Verdun (in francese Bataille de Verdun, AFI: [ba'taj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281'd\u0153\u0303]; in tedesco Schlacht um Verdun, AFI: ['\u0283laxt \u02C0\u028Am v\u025B\u0250'd\u0153\u014B]), nome in codice operazione Gericht (\"giudizio\"), fu l'unica grande offensiva tedesca avvenuta tra la prima battaglia della Marna del 1914 e l'ultima offensiva del generale Erich Ludendorff nella primavera del 1918.Fu una delle pi\u00F9 violente e sanguinose battaglie di tutto il fronte occidentale della prima guerra mondiale; ebbe inizio il 21 febbraio 1916 e termin\u00F2 il 19 dicembre dello stesso anno, vedendo contrapposti l'esercito tedesco, guidato dal capo di stato maggiore, generale Erich von Falkenhayn, e l'esercito francese, guidato dal comandante supremo Joseph Joffre sostituito al termine del 1916 con il generale Robert Georges Nivelle.Verdun costitu\u00EC"@it . . . . . . "200"^^ . . "Batalla de Verd\u00FAn"@es . "Pertempuran Verdun adalah pertempuran antara pasukan Jerman dan Prancis di blok Barat selama Perang Dunia I pada tanggal 21 Februari sampai 18 Desember 1916, di daerah perbukitan utara kota Verdun-sur-Meuse di utara-timur Prancis. Pertempuran Verdun berakhir dengan kemenangan Prancis karena Komando tertinggi Jerman gagal mencapai dua tujuan strategis: (1) Merebut kota Verdun, dan (2) Lebih banyak korban daripada pasukan Prancis. Secara keseluruhan, Pertempuran Verdun mengakibatkan lebih dari seperempat juta orang terbunuh di medan pertempuran dan setidaknya setengah juta terluka. Pertempuran Verdun merupakan pertempuran terpanjang dan paling dahsyat selama Perang Dunia I. Total penggunanan senjata sekitar 40 juta peluru artileri dari kedua belah pihak selama pertempuran."@in . "Bh\u00ED Cath Verdun (Fraincis: Bataille de Verdun) ar cheann de na cathanna is t\u00E1bhachta\u00ED i rith an Ch\u00E9ad Chogaidh Domhanda ar an Fronta Thiar. Mara\u00EDodh thart ar 300,000 saighdi\u00FAir\u00ED ar an d\u00E1 thaobh, sa chath is faide den Chogadh. T\u00E1 s\u00E9 ar na cathanna is marfa\u00ED den Chogadh."@ga . "Joseph Joffre"@en . . . . . . . . "\u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0435 (\u0444\u0440. Bataille de Verdun, \u043D\u0435\u043C. Schlacht um Verdun), \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043C\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0431\u043E\u0435\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0435, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0441 21 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F \u043F\u043E 18 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044F 1916 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0435, \u0432\u043E\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044E \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0430."@ru . "Pertempuran Verdun adalah pertempuran antara pasukan Jerman dan Prancis di blok Barat selama Perang Dunia I pada tanggal 21 Februari sampai 18 Desember 1916, di daerah perbukitan utara kota Verdun-sur-Meuse di utara-timur Prancis. Pertempuran Verdun berakhir dengan kemenangan Prancis karena Komando tertinggi Jerman gagal mencapai dua tujuan strategis: (1) Merebut kota Verdun, dan (2) Lebih banyak korban daripada pasukan Prancis. Secara keseluruhan, Pertempuran Verdun mengakibatkan lebih dari seperempat juta orang terbunuh di medan pertempuran dan setidaknya setengah juta terluka."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . "Slaget vid Verdun var ett av krigshistoriens l\u00E4ngsta och mest blodiga slag, under f\u00F6rsta v\u00E4rldskriget vid v\u00E4stfronten. Slaget, som var det tyska kejsard\u00F6mets f\u00F6rsta storoffensiv i v\u00E4ster efter den inledande inmarschen i Belgien och nord\u00F6stra Frankrike under augusti-september 1914, inleddes av en nio timmar l\u00E5ng f\u00F6rberedande artilleribeskjutning den 21 februari 1916. F\u00F6rst den 18 december samma \u00E5r var det hela \u00F6ver."@sv . . "Slag om Verdun"@nl . . . . . "Georg von der Marwitz"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "POINT(5.4219446182251 49.208057403564)"^^ . . . "Verdun-sur-Meuse, France"@en . . . . . "Map of the battle"@en . . . . . . . . "336000"^^ . . . . . . . . "Verdungo gudua Lehen Mundu Gerrako luzeena eta, Sommeko guduaren ondoren, bigarren latzena izan zen. 1916ko otsailaren 21etik abenduaren 18ra Frantziako ipar-ekialdeko Verdun herriaren inguruan frantziar eta alemaniar armadek elkar borrokatu zuten; guztira, 250.000 hildako eta 500.000 zauritu baino gehiago izan ziren. Gudu horretan, Robert Nivelle frantziar komandanteak \u00AB!\u00BB (\u00ABIls ne passeront pas !\u00BB) esaldi ospetsua txanpondu zuen. Borrokaldiak egin ziren eremuetan, inoiz identifikatu ez diren alde bietako milaka soldaduen omenez oroigarria eraiki zuten, nahasita baitzeuden."@eu . . . "French victory" . "Bitwa pod Verdun \u2013 jedna z najwi\u0119kszych bitew I wojny \u015Bwiatowej, toczona od 21 lutego do grudnia 1916 roku w okolicy miejscowo\u015Bci Verdun we Francji. W zamierzeniu dow\u00F3dztwa niemieckiego walki te mia\u0142y spowodowa\u0107 wykrwawienie si\u0119 armii francuskiej; po serii atak\u00F3w i kontratak\u00F3w, w kt\u00F3rych obie strony ponios\u0142y du\u017Ce straty (Cesarstwo Niemieckie \u2013 338 tysi\u0119cy \u017Co\u0142nierzy, Francja \u2013 348 tysi\u0119cy) Verdun pozosta\u0142o w r\u0119kach Francuz\u00F3w; walki te przesz\u0142y do historii jako \u201Epiek\u0142o Verdun\u201D lub \u201Em\u0142yn verde\u0144ski\u201D, poniewa\u017C obie strony dziesi\u0105tkowa\u0142y si\u0119 wzajemnie, za\u015B niekt\u00F3re z epizod\u00F3w, np. obrona fortu de Vaux, sta\u0142y si\u0119 symbolem \u017Co\u0142nierskiego m\u0119stwa."@pl . "82"^^ . . . "Battle of Verdun"@en . . . . . . . . "121838"^^ . . . . "*dead" . . . "A Batalha de Verdun (em franc\u00EAs: Bataille de Verdun [bataj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281d\u0153\u0303]; em alem\u00E3o: Schlacht um Verdun [\u0283laxt \u02C0\u028Am \u02C8v\u025B\u0250d\u0153\u014B]), foi um combate travado entre 21 de fevereiro e 18 de dezembro de 1916, sendo a maior e mais longa batalha da Primeira Guerra Mundial na Frente Ocidental, colocando frente a frente os ex\u00E9rcitos alem\u00E3o e o franc\u00EAs. A luta aconteceu principalmente nas colinas ao norte da cidade hist\u00F3rica de Verdun-sur-Meuse, no nordeste da Fran\u00E7a. O 5\u00BA Ex\u00E9rcito Alem\u00E3o atacou a principal regi\u00E3o fortificada da cidade (R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) e tamb\u00E9m as posi\u00E7\u00F5es do 2\u00BA Ex\u00E9rcito Franc\u00EAs, na margem direita (a oeste) do rio Meuse. A ofensiva foi concebida para tentar quebrar o impasse das trincheiras na Europa Ocidental. Inspirados pela experi\u00EAncia adquirida durante a Segunda Batalha de C"@pt . . . . . "336,000\u2013355,000 casualties" . . . "Pertempuran Verdun"@in . "La batalla de Verdun va ser un dels principals combats de la primera Guerra Mundial lliurat entre les forces alemanyes i les forces franceses des de febrer a desembre de 1916. El 21 de febrer, els alemanys van llan\u00E7ar una ofensiva sobre la ciutat francesa de Verdun (Mosa) que ocupava una posici\u00F3 vital, ja que estava sobre uns turons des dels quals es dominava el riu Mosa, a l'extrem oriental de la l\u00EDnia de les trinxeres franceses, i representava per Fran\u00E7a un important s\u00EDmbol de la seva capacitat de resist\u00E8ncia."@ca . . "\u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0435"@ru . . . "Fr\u00E9d\u00E9ric-Georges Herr"@en . "Bh\u00ED Cath Verdun (Fraincis: Bataille de Verdun) ar cheann de na cathanna is t\u00E1bhachta\u00ED i rith an Ch\u00E9ad Chogaidh Domhanda ar an Fronta Thiar. Mara\u00EDodh thart ar 300,000 saighdi\u00FAir\u00ED ar an d\u00E1 thaobh, sa chath is faide den Chogadh. T\u00E1 s\u00E9 ar na cathanna is marfa\u00ED den Chogadh."@ga . "1993"^^ . . . "49.20805740356445"^^ . . . . . "1122240879"^^ . . "Germany"@en . . . "75"^^ . "\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062F\u0627\u0646"@ar . "Germany" . "The Battle of Verdun (French: Bataille de Verdun [bataj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281d\u0153\u0303]; German: Schlacht um Verdun [\u0283laxt \u0294\u028Am \u02C8v\u025B\u0250\u032Fd\u0153\u0303]) was fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916 on the Western Front in France. The battle was the longest of the First World War and took place on the hills north of Verdun-sur-Meuse. The German 5th Army attacked the defences of the Fortified Region of Verdun (RFV, R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) and those of the French Second Army on the right (east) bank of the Meuse. Using the experience of the Second Battle of Champagne in 1915, the Germans planned to capture the Meuse Heights, an excellent defensive position, with good observation for artillery-fire on Verdun. The Germans hoped that the French would commit their strategic reserve to recapture the position and suffer catastrophic losses at little cost to the German infantry. Poor weather delayed the beginning of the attack until 21 February but the Germans captured Fort Douaumont in the first three days. The advance then slowed for several days, despite inflicting many French casualties. By 6 March, 20+1\u20442 French divisions were in the RFV and a more extensive defence in depth had been organised. Philippe P\u00E9tain ordered there to be no retreat and that German attacks were to be counter-attacked, despite this exposing French infantry to the German artillery. By 29 March, French guns on the west bank had begun a constant bombardment of Germans on the east bank, causing many infantry casualties. The German offensive was extended to the west bank of the Meuse to gain observation and eliminate the French artillery firing over the river but the attacks failed to reach their objectives. In early May, the Germans changed tactics again and made local attacks and counter-attacks; the French recaptured part of Fort Douaumont but then the Germans ejected them and took many prisoners. The Germans tried alternating their attacks on either side of the Meuse and in June captured Fort Vaux. The Germans advanced towards the last geographical objectives of the original plan, at Fleury-devant-Douaumont and Fort Souville, driving a salient into the French defences. Fleury was captured and the Germans came within 4 km (2 mi) of the Verdun citadel but in July the offensive was cut back to provide troops, artillery and ammunition for the Battle of the Somme, leading to a similar transfer of the French Tenth Army to the Somme front. From 23 June to 17 August, Fleury changed hands sixteen times and a German attack on Fort Souville failed. The offensive was reduced further but to keep French troops away from the Somme, ruses were used to disguise the change. In September and December, French counter-offensives recaptured much ground on the east bank and recovered Fort Douaumont and Fort Vaux. The battle lasted for 302 days, the longest and one of the most costly in human history. In 2000, Hannes Heer and Klaus Naumann calculated that the French suffered 377,231 casualties and the Germans 337,000, a total of 714,231 and an average of 70,000 a month. In 2014, William Philpott wrote of 976,000 casualties in 1916 and 1,250,000 in the vicinity of Verdun. In France, the battle came to symbolise the determination of the French Army and the destructiveness of the war."@en . . . . "2011"^^ . "La batalo apud Verdun okazis dum la Unua Mondmilito inter la 21-a de februaro kaj la 19-a de decembro 1916 apud Verdun en Francujo. Tie alfronti\u011Dis franca kaj germana armeoj en batalo. La strategio de la germanoj estis \u00ABel\u0109erpi la francan armeon\u00BB, strategio koncipita de generalo Erich von Falkenhayn, superestro de la germana armeo. Per terura obusado, li intencis estigi duoble pli da francaj pereoj ol da germanaj. Sed la batalo fakte evidenti\u011Dis preska\u016D tiel kosta por atakinto, kiel por atakito: inter pli ol 300 000 mortintoj estis 163 000 francoj kaj 143 000 germanoj, kaj fini\u011Dis per reveno en la anta\u016Dan situacion. Krome, inter julio kaj novembro, enga\u011Di\u011Dis la brita armeo en same sangan kaj vanan batalon apud la \u0109efrivero Somme. Germanflanke bataladis precipe la samaj korpusoj; male la francoj rotaciis 70% el la francaj \u00ABharuloj\u00BB apud Verdun. Do ampleksigis ties nomo simbolan gravecon kaj kontribuis al la famo de la generalo Philippe P\u00E9tain, kiu estris dum la unua parto de tiu batalo. Duaparte, (junio-julio), la germanan pu\u015Dadon haltigis la generalo Robert Nivelle, anta\u016D ol regajni pli-malpli la perditan terenon \u011Dis novembro, helpe de sia subulo Charles Mangin. Retrospektive aperis Verdun kiel loko de plej timiga kaj vana batalo, kie artilerio ka\u016Dzis 80 % da pereoj. La homoj provis nur transvivi tiun inferon, kie eblis nenia movo sub minaco de morto, des pli absurda, ke la milita finrezulto estis evidenti\u011Donta nula. Verdun \u2014 kiel \u0109e Somme \u2014 estis terura sperto, kies lecionon la germanaj militaj teoriistoj poste komprenos: la foresto de motorveturiloj malhelpis ian movadon. En la jaro 1940, danke al siaj lertaj pafveturiloj, la moveblaj \u00ABPanzer\u00BB, la germana armeo ekprenis Verdun en unu tago."@eo . . . . . . . . . . . "Philippe P\u00E9tain"@en . . . . . . . . "France"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La batalla de Verd\u00FAn (en franc\u00E9s, Bataille de Verdun, en alem\u00E1n, Schlacht um Verdun), librada del 21 de febrero al 18 de diciembre de 1916, fue la mayor y m\u00E1s larga batalla de la Primera Guerra Mundial en el frente occidental entre los ej\u00E9rcitos alem\u00E1n y franc\u00E9s. La batalla tuvo lugar en las colinas al norte de Verdun-sur-Meuse, en el noreste de Francia. El 5.\u00BA Ej\u00E9rcito alem\u00E1n atac\u00F3 las defensas de la Regi\u00F3n Fortificada de Verd\u00FAn (RFV, R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) y las del Segundo Ej\u00E9rcito franc\u00E9s en la margen derecha del Mosa. Inspirados por la experiencia de la en 1915, los alemanes planearon capturar las Alturas del r\u00EDo Mosa, una excelente posici\u00F3n defensiva con una buena observaci\u00F3n del fuego de artiller\u00EDa sobre Verd\u00FAn. Los alemanes esperaban que los franceses comprometieran su reserv"@es . . . . . . . . . "Verdungo gudua"@eu . "\u0412\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0301\u0442\u0432\u0430 (\u0444\u0440. Bataille de Verdun, \u043D\u0456\u043C. Schlacht um Verdun) \u2014 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0456 \u0443 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0456, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437 21 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E 19 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043D\u044F 1916 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0433\u043E\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0439 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043D\u0430 \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D-\u0441\u044E\u0440-\u041C\u0435\u0437, \u0449\u043E \u0443 \u041F\u0456\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E-\u0421\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u041D\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0437\u0430\u043F\u0435\u043A\u043B\u0456\u0448\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0448\u043E\u0457 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438. \u0412\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u043D \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 300 \u0442\u0438\u0441. \u043E\u0441\u0456\u0431. \u0423\u0432\u0456\u0439\u0448\u043B\u0430 \u0432 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u044E \u044F\u043A \u00AB\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u043C'\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043A\u0430\u00BB."@uk . . . "A Batalha de Verdun (em franc\u00EAs: Bataille de Verdun [bataj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281d\u0153\u0303]; em alem\u00E3o: Schlacht um Verdun [\u0283laxt \u02C0\u028Am \u02C8v\u025B\u0250d\u0153\u014B]), foi um combate travado entre 21 de fevereiro e 18 de dezembro de 1916, sendo a maior e mais longa batalha da Primeira Guerra Mundial na Frente Ocidental, colocando frente a frente os ex\u00E9rcitos alem\u00E3o e o franc\u00EAs. A luta aconteceu principalmente nas colinas ao norte da cidade hist\u00F3rica de Verdun-sur-Meuse, no nordeste da Fran\u00E7a. O 5\u00BA Ex\u00E9rcito Alem\u00E3o atacou a principal regi\u00E3o fortificada da cidade (R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) e tamb\u00E9m as posi\u00E7\u00F5es do 2\u00BA Ex\u00E9rcito Franc\u00EAs, na margem direita (a oeste) do rio Meuse. A ofensiva foi concebida para tentar quebrar o impasse das trincheiras na Europa Ocidental. Inspirados pela experi\u00EAncia adquirida durante a Segunda Batalha de Champagne, em 1915, os alem\u00E3es planejavam capturar as colinas Meuse, uma excelente posi\u00E7\u00E3o defensiva com boa vis\u00E3o para artilharia sobre toda Verdun. Os alem\u00E3es esperavam que os franceses iriam comprometer todas as suas reservas estrat\u00E9gicas para recapturar ou manter Verdun, sofrendo perdas catastr\u00F3ficas no processo, numa batalha de aniquila\u00E7\u00E3o. O alto comando alem\u00E3o esperava sofrer poucas baixas, arrastando os franceses numa longa batalha de atrito numa posi\u00E7\u00E3o alta taticamente vantajosa. Todo o planejamento foi feito por Erich von Falkenhayn, o chefe do Estado-maior das for\u00E7as armadas alem\u00E3s. O tempo ruim atrasou os planos de ataque alem\u00E3o at\u00E9 21 de fevereiro, quando a investida come\u00E7ou com um grande bombardeamento de artilharia. O primeiro alvo, e o mais crucial, era Forte Douaumont, a principal defesa da regi\u00E3o, e foi capturado pelos alem\u00E3es em tr\u00EAs dias. Depois deste triunfo, as for\u00E7as imperiais alem\u00E3s tiveram problemas em avan\u00E7ar, com os franceses esbo\u00E7ando feroz resist\u00EAncia. A 6 de mar\u00E7o, os refor\u00E7os franceses chegaram, totalizando ent\u00E3o vinte divis\u00F5es na \u00E1rea de Verdun e as fortifica\u00E7\u00F5es defensivas foram melhoradas. O general P\u00E9tain deu ordens para que nenhuma retirada fosse autorizada e organizou contra-ataques, expondo as for\u00E7as francesas a artilharia alem\u00E3. Em 29 de mar\u00E7o, as posi\u00E7\u00F5es francesas j\u00E1 estavam bem s\u00F3lidas e sua pr\u00F3pria artilharia passou a fustigar os alem\u00E3es, infligindo-os pesadas baixas. Em mar\u00E7o, ap\u00F3s um m\u00EAs de ataques, a ofensiva alem\u00E3 se estendeu \u00E0 margem leste do Meuse, para tentar parar a artilharia francesa que atirava por sobre o rio \u00E0s colinas Meuse. Os alem\u00E3es fizeram alguns progressos mas os franceses mobilizaram refor\u00E7os e seguraram suas posi\u00E7\u00F5es, a duras penas. No come\u00E7o de maio, os alem\u00E3es mudaram de t\u00E1tica novamente e passaram a fazer ataques localizados de tamanho m\u00E9dio e focar em contra-ataques, o que deu aos franceses a oportunidade de iniciar uma ofensiva para retomar o crucial Forte Douaumont. Os franceses foram inicialmente bem sucedidos, mas os alem\u00E3es contra-atacaram, recapturando o forte e fazendo milhares de prisioneiros. As for\u00E7as alem\u00E3s alternaram seus ataques em ambas as margens do rio Meuse e em junho capturaram o Forte Vaux. Os alem\u00E3es continuaram suas ofensivas em dire\u00E7\u00E3o ao \u00FAltimo objetivo geogr\u00E1fico do plano original, em Fleury-devant-Douaumont e o Forte Souville. Os alem\u00E3es abriram uma sali\u00EAncia (bols\u00E3o) nas defesas francesas, capturando Fleury e chegando a apenas 4 km da cidadela de Verdun. Em julho de 1916, os alem\u00E3es tiveram de retirar tropas da linha de frente em Verdun para refor\u00E7ar suas posi\u00E7\u00F5es no Rio Somme, onde os brit\u00E2nicos haviam lan\u00E7ado uma grande ofensiva e de 23 de junho a 17 de agosto, Fleury mudou de m\u00E3o dezesseis vezes. Os alem\u00E3es ent\u00E3o focaram em tomar Forte Souville, mas falharam. Eles ent\u00E3o tiveram de reduzir seus esfor\u00E7os mas tentaram manter os franceses ocupados na defesa de Verdun, para impedi-los de refor\u00E7ar os brit\u00E2nicos no Somme. Entre agosto e dezembro, os franceses lan\u00E7aram m\u00FAltiplos contra-ataques, recuperando boa parte do terreno perdido na margem leste do Meuse e finalmente recuperando Forte Douaumont e Forte Vaux. Em meados de dezembro, Falkenhayn cancelou novas ofensivas e, com os franceses no controle de boa parte de Verdun, a batalha foi assim encerrada. Foram 302 dias de combates, fazendo desta batalha uma das mais longas da Primeira Guerra. Tamb\u00E9m foi uma das mais sangrentas. Segundo os historiadores Hannes Heer e K. Naumann, 377 231 franceses foram mortos ou feridos, enquanto os alem\u00E3es perderam 337 000 soldados (entre mortos e feridos tamb\u00E9m), totalizando as perdas gerais em 714 231 (uma m\u00E9dia aproximada de 70 000 por m\u00EAs). Em 2014, William Philpott escreveu que o total de perdas em Verdun e nas regi\u00F5es vizinhas pode chegar a 1 250 000 mortos, feridos, desaparecidos ou capturados. A batalha foi caracterizada tamb\u00E9m pelo terreno ruim, lama, doen\u00E7as e outros tipos de priva\u00E7\u00F5es que pesaram nos combatentes de ambos os lados, f\u00EDsica e psicologicamente."@pt . . . "\u0411\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0435 (\u0444\u0440. Bataille de Verdun, \u043D\u0435\u043C. Schlacht um Verdun), \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u043C\u044F\u0441\u043E\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0431\u043E\u0435\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A \u0432\u043E \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0444\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0442\u0435, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044F \u0441 21 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F \u043F\u043E 18 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044F 1916 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043A\u0440\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043F\u0440\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043E\u043F\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0435, \u0432\u043E\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0430\u044F \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044E \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0435\u043C\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0430."@ru . . . . . . . . "La batalo apud Verdun okazis dum la Unua Mondmilito inter la 21-a de februaro kaj la 19-a de decembro 1916 apud Verdun en Francujo. Tie alfronti\u011Dis franca kaj germana armeoj en batalo. La strategio de la germanoj estis \u00ABel\u0109erpi la francan armeon\u00BB, strategio koncipita de generalo Erich von Falkenhayn, superestro de la germana armeo. Per terura obusado, li intencis estigi duoble pli da francaj pereoj ol da germanaj. Sed la batalo fakte evidenti\u011Dis preska\u016D tiel kosta por atakinto, kiel por atakito: inter pli ol 300 000 mortintoj estis 163 000 francoj kaj 143 000 germanoj, kaj fini\u011Dis per reveno en la anta\u016Dan situacion. Krome, inter julio kaj novembro, enga\u011Di\u011Dis la brita armeo en same sangan kaj vanan batalon apud la \u0109efrivero Somme."@eo . . . . . . . . . . "La batalla de Verdun va ser un dels principals combats de la primera Guerra Mundial lliurat entre les forces alemanyes i les forces franceses des de febrer a desembre de 1916. El 21 de febrer, els alemanys van llan\u00E7ar una ofensiva sobre la ciutat francesa de Verdun (Mosa) que ocupava una posici\u00F3 vital, ja que estava sobre uns turons des dels quals es dominava el riu Mosa, a l'extrem oriental de la l\u00EDnia de les trinxeres franceses, i representava per Fran\u00E7a un important s\u00EDmbol de la seva capacitat de resist\u00E8ncia."@ca . . . . . . . . . . "Bitva u Verdunu byla jedna z nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00EDch bitev prvn\u00ED sv\u011Btov\u00E9 v\u00E1lky na jej\u00ED z\u00E1padn\u00ED front\u011B. Odehr\u00E1la se u francouzsk\u00E9ho m\u011Bsta Verdun. Padlo p\u0159i n\u00ED na obou stran\u00E1ch zhruba 300 000 voj\u00E1k\u016F. Krvav\u00E1 bitva trvala od 21. \u00FAnora 1916 do 18. prosince 1916, co\u017E je p\u0159ibli\u017En\u011B 10 m\u011Bs\u00EDc\u016F, kv\u016Fli velk\u00E9mu po\u010Dtu padl\u00FDch voj\u00E1k\u016F byla tak\u00E9 ozna\u010Dov\u00E1na jako verdunsk\u00FD ml\u00FDnek na maso. Postupem bitvy se ve Francii stala popul\u00E1rn\u00ED fr\u00E1ze \u201EIls ne passeront pas\u201C (\u201Eneprojdou\u201C), jej\u00EDm\u017E autorem byl francouzsk\u00FD d\u016Fstojn\u00EDk Robert Nivelle, ale \u010Dasto je chybn\u011B p\u0159isuzov\u00E1na Philippovi P\u00E9tainovi."@cs . 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"La bataille de Verdun est une bataille qui s'est d\u00E9roul\u00E9e du 21 f\u00E9vrier au 18 d\u00E9cembre 1916 dans la r\u00E9gion de Verdun en Lorraine, durant la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale. Elle a oppos\u00E9 les arm\u00E9es fran\u00E7aises et allemandes. Con\u00E7ue par le g\u00E9n\u00E9ral von Falkenhayn, commandant en chef de l'arm\u00E9e allemande, d'apr\u00E8s la version qu'il en donne dans ses m\u00E9moires, comme une bataille d'attrition pour \u00AB saigner \u00E0 blanc l'arm\u00E9e fran\u00E7aise \u00BB sous un d\u00E9luge d'obus dans un rapport de pertes de un pour deux, elle se r\u00E9v\u00E8le en fait presque aussi co\u00FBteuse pour l'attaquant : elle fait plus de 700 000 pertes (morts, disparus ou bless\u00E9s), 362 000 soldats fran\u00E7ais et 337 000 allemands, une moyenne de 70 000 victimes pour chacun des dix mois de la bataille. On peut noter que selon les travaux historiques r\u00E9cents, notamment ceux de l'historien allemand Holger Afflerbach, l'objectif allemand \u00E9tait plus simplement de prendre le saillant de Verdun, la version d'une bataille d'attrition \u00E9tant une justification invent\u00E9e apr\u00E8s coup par Falkenhayn pour masquer son \u00E9chec.[r\u00E9f. souhait\u00E9e] Parall\u00E8lement, de juillet \u00E0 novembre, les arm\u00E9es britannique et fran\u00E7aise sont engag\u00E9es dans la bataille de la Somme, encore plus sanglante. De plus, du 4 juin au 20 septembre, l'arm\u00E9e russe est engag\u00E9e dans l'offensive Broussilov, la plus grande offensive de toute la guerre de l'arm\u00E9e tsariste sur le front de l'Est : elle contraint l'\u00E9tat-major allemand \u00E0 retirer des divisions sur le front de l'Ouest pour les envoyer \u00E0 l'Est, ce qui contribue \u00E0 all\u00E9ger la pression allemande sur Verdun. Alors que, c\u00F4t\u00E9 allemand, ce sont pour l'essentiel les m\u00EAmes corps d'arm\u00E9e qui livrent toute la bataille, l'arm\u00E9e fran\u00E7aise fait passer \u00E0 Verdun, par rotation, 70 % de ses poilus, ce qui contribue \u00E0 l'importance symbolique de cette bataille et \u00E0 la renomm\u00E9e du g\u00E9n\u00E9ral P\u00E9tain. C'est au g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Nivelle, qui remplace P\u00E9tain \u00E0 partir du 1er mai, que revient le m\u00E9rite de l'enrayement d\u00E9finitif de l'offensive allemande (juin-juillet 1916), puis de la reconqu\u00EAte de tout le terrain perdu depuis le 21 f\u00E9vrier, entre octobre et novembre 1916, avec la r\u00E9cup\u00E9ration du fort de Douaumont, aid\u00E9 en cela par son subordonn\u00E9 le g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Mangin. La bataille se termine par un retour \u00E0 la situation ant\u00E9rieure le 18 d\u00E9cembre 1916. Bien qu'elle n'ait pas \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9cisive, ses cons\u00E9quences strat\u00E9giques, militaires et politiques \u00E9tant mineures, la m\u00E9moire collective en a rapidement fait une victoire d\u00E9fensive de l'arm\u00E9e fran\u00E7aise, jug\u00E9e a posteriori par les Allemands comme de m\u00EAme nature que la victoire de l'Arm\u00E9e rouge dans la bataille de Stalingrad. C'est la plus longue bataille de la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale et l'une des plus d\u00E9vastatrices, ce qui a donn\u00E9 lieu au mythe de Verdun, la \u00AB m\u00E8re des batailles \u00BB, une des plus inhumaines auxquelles l'homme se soit livr\u00E9 : l'artillerie y cause 80 % des pertes. Le discours m\u00E9moriel typique brosse le portrait de soldats dont le r\u00F4le consiste surtout \u00E0 survivre \u2014 et mourir \u2014 dans les pires conditions sur un terrain transform\u00E9 en enfer, tout cela pour un r\u00E9sultat militaire nul, ce qui en fait le symbole de la futilit\u00E9 de toute guerre industrielle. La violence des combats se justifie notamment par la tr\u00E8s faible \u00E9tendue du champ de bataille (quelques kilom\u00E8tres carr\u00E9s) o\u00F9 des centaines de milliers d\u2019hommes s'affrontent jour et nuit dans des conditions apocalyptiques. Bien que cette bataille ait montr\u00E9 les fautes strat\u00E9giques et tactiques des \u00E9tats-majors bellig\u00E9rants, et qu'elle ne soit pas la plus meurtri\u00E8re ni la plus d\u00E9cisive de la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale, elle a donn\u00E9 lieu dans l'histoire officielle fran\u00E7aise \u00E0 une mythologie sacralisant cette bataille de d\u00E9fense du territoire national. Verdun est devenu le lieu de m\u00E9moire par excellence de la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale alors que l'historiographie institutionnelle allemande a privil\u00E9gi\u00E9 la construction m\u00E9morielle de la bataille de la Somme, li\u00E9e au sentiment des soldats allemands d'avoir particip\u00E9 \u00E0 une bataille d\u00E9fensive. Malgr\u00E9 ces enjeux m\u00E9moriels concurrentiels qui participent \u00E0 la fabrication du \u00AB roman national \u00BB avec ses batailles et ses h\u00E9ros, s'est op\u00E9r\u00E9 un changement de \u00AB r\u00E9gime de m\u00E9moire \u00BB depuis les ann\u00E9es 1970 qui se traduit dans la r\u00E9conciliation franco-allemande et l'image symbolique de la poign\u00E9e de main de Fran\u00E7ois Mitterrand et Helmut Kohl \u00E0 Douaumont en 1984. Cette \u00E9volution se traduit \u00E9galement dans les \u00E9tudes historiographiques sur la Grande Guerre, qui \u00E0 l\u2019origine s\u2019int\u00E9ressaient essentiellement \u00E0 la question des responsabilit\u00E9s et aux op\u00E9rations militaires. \u00C0 notre \u00E9poque, elles ont replac\u00E9 l\u2019humain au centre de cette histoire et ont mis l'accent sur l'histoire des repr\u00E9sentations \u00E0 travers la culture de guerre (corps et \u00E9tat d'esprit des soldats de Verdun pass\u00E9s du statut de h\u00E9ros \u00E0 celui de victime, vision de la bataille \u00E0 l'arri\u00E8re et chez les civils, survivance de la bataille dans la culture nationale)."@fr . . . . . . . . . "No\u00EBl de Castelnau"@en . "1992"^^ . . . . . "Holstein"@en . . . . "Adolphe Guillaumat"@en . . "Batalha de Verdun"@pt . "Dupuy"@en . "Verdungo gudua Lehen Mundu Gerrako luzeena eta, Sommeko guduaren ondoren, bigarren latzena izan zen. 1916ko otsailaren 21etik abenduaren 18ra Frantziako ipar-ekialdeko Verdun herriaren inguruan frantziar eta alemaniar armadek elkar borrokatu zuten; guztira, 250.000 hildako eta 500.000 zauritu baino gehiago izan ziren. Gudu horretan, Robert Nivelle frantziar komandanteak \u00AB!\u00BB (\u00ABIls ne passeront pas !\u00BB) esaldi ospetsua txanpondu zuen. Lehen Mundu Gerrako Mendebaldeko Frontean kokatu zen gudua, eta 1916. urteko otsailaren 21etik abenduaren 19ra bitartean iraun zuen. Frantziako eta Alemaniako armadek borrokaldi armatuak izan zituzten Frantziako ipar-ekialdeko Verdun inguruan. Azkenean, frantsesak garaile izan ziren. Gudua otsailaren 21ean hasi zenean, frantses armadak 30.000 lagun inguru zituen Verdunen; alemanak, ostera, 150.000 lagun inguru ziren. Armaz ere frantsesak hasieran gutxiago ziren, baina gudua aurrera joan ahala, gauzak aldatu egin ziren, eta amaieran, bai frantsesak, bai alemanak milioi bana lagun ziren borrokaldietan: frantsesek 377.000-542.000 lagun galdu zituzten denera (162.308 gutxienez hilda edo galduta); eta alemanek336.000-434.000 lagun galdu zituzten, 100.000 inguru hilda. Borrokaldiak egin ziren eremuetan, inoiz identifikatu ez diren alde bietako milaka soldaduen omenez oroigarria eraiki zuten, nahasita baitzeuden."@eu . . . . . "Konstantin Schmidt von Knobelsdorf"@en . . . ""@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Batalla de Verdun"@ca . . . . "Cath Verdun"@ga . . . . . . . . . . "French victory"@en . . . . . "\u062F\u0627\u0631\u062A \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062A\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 21 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064A\u0631 \u062D\u062A\u0649 18 \u062F\u064A\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063A\u0631\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062A \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062A \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0632. \u0647\u0627\u062C\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062E\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u062F\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062F\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0635\u0646\u0629 (RFV, R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) \u0648\u062F\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0645\u0646\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064A\u0629) \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0632. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u062A\u062C\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1915\u060C \u062E\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u064A\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062A\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0632\u060C \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062F\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064A \u0645\u0645\u062A\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062C\u064A\u062F\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u064A\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0641\u0639\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0641\u0631\u062F\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064A\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064A\u0644\u062A\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062D\u062A\u064A\u0627\u0637\u064A\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0631\u0627\u062A\u064A\u062C\u064A \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u062A\u0643\u0628\u062F \u062E\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062F\u062D\u0629 \u0628\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646."@ar . . . . . "Slaget vid Verdun"@sv . . . "\u0397 \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0392\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AD\u03BD \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03B9\u03BC\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B5\u03C2 \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B5\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0391\u0384 \u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AD\u03BB\u03B1\u03B2\u03B5 \u03C7\u03CE\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF . \u0391\u03BD\u03C4\u03AF\u03C0\u03B1\u03BB\u03BF\u03B9 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BF \u03B3\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BF \u03B3\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03AD\u03BC\u03B7\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 21 \u03A6\u03B5\u03B2\u03C1\u03BF\u03C5\u03B1\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5, \u03BF\u03C0\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5 \u03BF\u03B9 \u0393\u03B5\u03C1\u03BC\u03B1\u03BD\u03BF\u03AF \u03B5\u03BE\u03B1\u03C0\u03AD\u03BB\u03C5\u03C3\u03B1\u03BD \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C7\u03B5\u03AF\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u0393\u03BA\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C7\u03C4, \u03BC\u03AD\u03C7\u03C1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 19 \u0394\u03B5\u03BA\u03B5\u03BC\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1916 \u03B3\u03CD\u03C1\u03C9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B7 \u0392\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AD\u03BD (Verdun-sur-Ma'as) \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7 \u03B2\u03BF\u03C1\u03B5\u03B9\u03BF\u03B1\u03BD\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BB\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u0393\u03B1\u03BB\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1. \u0397 \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 \u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03AE \u03BF\u03B4\u03AE\u03B3\u03B7\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C3\u03B5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CE\u03BB\u03B5\u03B9\u03B5\u03C2 \u03B4\u03C1\u03B1\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03BC\u03B5\u03B3\u03AD\u03B8\u03BF\u03C5\u03C2: \u03C0\u03AC\u03BD\u03C9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC 250.000 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BF\u03B9 \u03BD\u03B5\u03BA\u03C1\u03BF\u03AF \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C0\u03B5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C0\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BC\u03B9\u03C3\u03CC \u03B5\u03BA\u03B1\u03C4\u03BF\u03BC\u03BC\u03CD\u03C1\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BF\u03B9 \u03C4\u03C1\u03B1\u03C5\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03AF\u03B5\u03C2. \u0389\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B7 \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03BC\u03B1\u03BA\u03C1\u03CC\u03C7\u03C1\u03BF\u03BD\u03B7 \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03BC\u03B9\u03B1 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03B9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03B9\u03BF \u03B1\u03B9\u03BC\u03B1\u03C4\u03B7\u03C1\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03C0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF."@el . . . "La bataille de Verdun est une bataille qui s'est d\u00E9roul\u00E9e du 21 f\u00E9vrier au 18 d\u00E9cembre 1916 dans la r\u00E9gion de Verdun en Lorraine, durant la Premi\u00E8re Guerre mondiale. Elle a oppos\u00E9 les arm\u00E9es fran\u00E7aises et allemandes."@fr . "Ewald von Lochow"@en . "Erich Ludendorff"@en . . . . . . . "\u51E1\u5C14\u767B\u6218\u5F79"@zh . "1925"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bitwa pod Verdun"@pl . . . . "\u039C\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u0392\u03B5\u03C1\u03BD\u03C4\u03AD\u03BD"@el . "Crown Prince Wilhelm"@en . . "1916-12-18"^^ . . . . . . . . . "5.421944618225098"^^ . . . "379000"^^ . . "\uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uC804\uD22C(\uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Bataille de Verdun \uBC14\uD0C0\uC774 \uB4DC \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D[bataj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281d\u0153\u0303][*], \uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Schlacht um Verdun \uC290\uB77C\uD750\uD2B8 \uC6C0 \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D[\u0283laxt \u02C0\u028Am \u02C8v\u025B\u0250d\u0153\u014B][*], \uC601\uC5B4: Battle of Verdun)\uB294 1916\uB144 2\uC6D4 21\uC77C\uC5D0\uC11C \uB3D9\uB144 12\uC6D4 18\uC77C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC81C3\uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uACFC \uB3C5\uC77C \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uC721\uAD70 \uC0AC\uC774\uC5D0 \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uC804\uD22C\uB85C, \uC81C1\uCC28 \uC138\uACC4 \uB300\uC804 \uC11C\uBD80 \uC804\uC120\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uAC70\uB300\uD55C \uC804\uD22C \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC600\uB2E4. \uC804\uD22C\uAC00 \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uACF3\uC740 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uBD81\uB3D9\uBD80\uC5D0 \uC18C\uC7AC\uD55C \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D\uC26C\uB974\uBAFC\uC988(Verdun-sur-Meuse) \uACE0\uC9C0\uC758 \uBD81\uCABD\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70 \uC81C5\uAD70\uC740 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70 \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uC694\uC0C8\uAD70\uB2E8(RFV)\uC744 \uACF5\uACA9\uD558\uB294 \uD55C\uD3B8, \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D\uC744 \uB0B4\uB824\uBCFC \uC218 \uC788\uB294 \uD3EC\uACA9\uC804\uC0C1 \uC694\uCDA9\uC9C0 \uBAFC\uC988 \uACE0\uC9C0(C\u00F4tes de Meuse)\uB97C \uC811\uC218\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574 \uBAFC\uC988 \uAC15 \uC6B0\uC548\uC758 \uC8FC\uB454\uAD70\uC744 \uACF5\uACA9\uD588\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC804\uB7B5\uC740 \uACE0\uC9C0\uB97C \uC120\uC810\uD55C \uB4A4 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC774 \uACE0\uC9C0 \uC704\uC758 \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70\uC744 \uACF5\uACA9\uD558\uB3C4\uB85D \uAC15\uC81C\uD568\uC73C\uB85C\uC368 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC758 \uCD9C\uD608\uC744 \uC720\uB3C4\uD558\uACE0\uC790 \uD568\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uC804\uD22C \uCD08\uBC18\uC5D0\uB294 \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70\uC774 \uC6B0\uC138\uB97C \uC810\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC740 \uC2E0\uC18D\uD558\uAC8C \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70\uC758 \uC9C4\uACA9\uC744 \uB9C9\uC544\uB0C8\uACE0, \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uBD81\uCABD\uC5D0\uC11C \uC19C \uC804\uD22C\uAC00 \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C0\uB294 \uC640\uC911\uC5D0\uB3C4 1918\uB144 \uC5F0\uB9D0\uC774 \uB420 \uB54C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D\uC5D0\uC11C \uC783\uC5B4\uBC84\uB9B0 \uAD6C\uC5ED \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC744 \uC218\uBCF5\uD588\uB2E4."@ko . "Bitva u Verdunu byla jedna z nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00EDch bitev prvn\u00ED sv\u011Btov\u00E9 v\u00E1lky na jej\u00ED z\u00E1padn\u00ED front\u011B. Odehr\u00E1la se u francouzsk\u00E9ho m\u011Bsta Verdun. Padlo p\u0159i n\u00ED na obou stran\u00E1ch zhruba 300 000 voj\u00E1k\u016F. Krvav\u00E1 bitva trvala od 21. \u00FAnora 1916 do 18. prosince 1916, co\u017E je p\u0159ibli\u017En\u011B 10 m\u011Bs\u00EDc\u016F, kv\u016Fli velk\u00E9mu po\u010Dtu padl\u00FDch voj\u00E1k\u016F byla tak\u00E9 ozna\u010Dov\u00E1na jako verdunsk\u00FD ml\u00FDnek na maso. Postupem bitvy se ve Francii stala popul\u00E1rn\u00ED fr\u00E1ze \u201EIls ne passeront pas\u201C (\u201Eneprojdou\u201C), jej\u00EDm\u017E autorem byl francouzsk\u00FD d\u016Fstojn\u00EDk Robert Nivelle, ale \u010Dasto je chybn\u011B p\u0159isuzov\u00E1na Philippovi P\u00E9tainovi."@cs . . . "France"@en . . . "Erich von Falkenhayn"@en . . . "\u51E1\u5C14\u767B\u6218\u5F79\uFF08\u6CD5\u8A9E\uFF1ABataille de Verdun\uFF09\u662F\u4ECE\u65BC1916\u5E742\u670821\u65E5\u5EF6\u7EED\u81F312\u670818\u65E5\u5728\u6CD5\u570B\u897F\u65B9\u6230\u7DDA\u9032\u884C\u3002\u9019\u5834\u6230\u5F79\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6230\u4E2D\u6700\u9577\u7684\u4E00\u5834\uFF0C\u767C\u751F\u5728\u9ED8\u8332\u6CB3\u7554\u51E1\u723E\u767B\u4EE5\u5317\u7684\u5C71\u4E18\u4E0A\u3002\u5FB7\u56FD\u88AD\u51FB\u4E86\u51E1\u723E\u767B\u8981\u585E\u533A\uFF08RFV\uFF0CR\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun\uFF09\u548C\u9ED8\u5179\u6CB3\u53F3\uFF08\u4E1C\uFF09\u5CB8\u7684\u6CD5\u56FD\u7B2C\u4E8C\u96C6\u5718\u8ECD\u7684\u9632\u5FA1\u5DE5\u4E8B\u3002 \u5FB7\u6CD5\u4E24\u56FD\u5408\u8A08\u6295\u5165100\u591A\u4E2A\u5E08\u7684\u5175\u529B\uFF0C\u96D9\u65B9\u519B\u961F\u6B7B\u4EA1\u5171\u7EA630\u4E076\u5343\u4EBA\uFF0C\u7EA640\u4E073\u5343\u4EBA\u53D7\u4F24\u3002\u662F\u4EBA\u985E\u6B77\u53F2\u4E0A\u6700\u50B7\u4EA1\u6158\u91CD\u7684\u6230\u5F79\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u201C\u51E1\u5C14\u767B\u7EDE\u8089\u673A\u201D\u3002 9\u6708\u548C12\u6708\uFF0C\u6CD5\u570B\u7684\u53CD\u653B\u5728\u6771\u5CB8\u91CD\u65B0\u596A\u56DE\u4E86\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u571F\u5730\uFF0C\u4E26\u6536\u5FA9\u4E86\u548C\u3002 \u9019\u5834\u6230\u9B25\u6301\u7E8C\u4E86302\u5929\uFF0C\u662F\u4EBA\u985E\u6B77\u53F2\u4E0A\u6301\u7E8C\u6642\u9593\u6700\u9577\u3001\u4EE3\u50F9\u6700\u9AD8\u7684\u6230\u9B25\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002 2000\u5E74\uFF0C\u6B77\u53F2\u5B78\u5BB6\u548C\u8A08\u7B97\u51FA\uFF0C\u6CD5\u570B\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1377,231\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5FB7\u570B\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1337,000\u4EBA\uFF0C\u7E3D\u8A08714,231\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5E73\u5747\u6BCF\u6708\u50B7\u4EA170,000\u4EBA\u3002 2014\u5E74\uFF0C\u5A01\u5EC9\u00B7\u83F2\u723E\u6CE2\u7279 (William Philpott) \u5BEB\u9053\uFF0C1916\u5E74\u6709976,000\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1\uFF0C\u6230\u722D\u671F\u9593\u9644\u8FD1\u67091,250,000\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1\u3002 \u5728\u6CD5\u570B\uFF0C\u9019\u5834\u6230\u9B25\u8C61\u5FB5\u8457\u6CD5\u570B\u8ECD\u968A\u7684\u6C7A\u5FC3\u548C\u6230\u722D\u7684\u7834\u58DE\u6027\u3002"@zh . 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377.231 \u0636\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 337.000\u060C \u0623\u064A \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 714.231 \u0636\u062D\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0648\u0645\u062A\u0648\u0633\u0637 70.000 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631. \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014\u060C \u0643\u062A\u0628 \u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064A\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062A \u0639\u0646 976.000 \u0636\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916\u060C \u06481.250.000 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062B\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060C \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062D\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062A\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062A\u0635\u0645\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u064A\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062F\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u062E\u0644\u0641\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bitwa pod Verdun \u2013 jedna z najwi\u0119kszych bitew I wojny \u015Bwiatowej, toczona od 21 lutego do grudnia 1916 roku w okolicy miejscowo\u015Bci Verdun we Francji. W zamierzeniu dow\u00F3dztwa niemieckiego walki te mia\u0142y spowodowa\u0107 wykrwawienie si\u0119 armii francuskiej; po serii atak\u00F3w i kontratak\u00F3w, w kt\u00F3rych obie strony ponios\u0142y du\u017Ce straty (Cesarstwo Niemieckie \u2013 338 tysi\u0119cy \u017Co\u0142nierzy, Francja \u2013 348 tysi\u0119cy) Verdun pozosta\u0142o w r\u0119kach Francuz\u00F3w; walki te przesz\u0142y do historii jako \u201Epiek\u0142o Verdun\u201D lub \u201Em\u0142yn verde\u0144ski\u201D, poniewa\u017C obie strony dziesi\u0105tkowa\u0142y si\u0119 wzajemnie, za\u015B niekt\u00F3re z epizod\u00F3w, np. obrona fortu de Vaux, sta\u0142y si\u0119 symbolem \u017Co\u0142nierskiego m\u0119stwa."@pl . "49.20805555555555 5.421944444444445" . . . . . . . . . . . . "Robert Nivelle"@en . "Charles Mangin"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Bitva u Verdunu"@cs . . "\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306E\u6226\u3044"@ja . . . . . . . . "Battaglia di Verdun"@it . "The Battle of Verdun (French: Bataille de Verdun [bataj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281d\u0153\u0303]; German: Schlacht um Verdun [\u0283laxt \u0294\u028Am \u02C8v\u025B\u0250\u032Fd\u0153\u0303]) was fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916 on the Western Front in France. The battle was the longest of the First World War and took place on the hills north of Verdun-sur-Meuse. The German 5th Army attacked the defences of the Fortified Region of Verdun (RFV, R\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun) and those of the French Second Army on the right (east) bank of the Meuse. Using the experience of the Second Battle of Champagne in 1915, the Germans planned to capture the Meuse Heights, an excellent defensive position, with good observation for artillery-fire on Verdun. The Germans hoped that the French would commit their strategic reserve to recapture the position and suffer catast"@en . . "\u0412\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430"@uk . "Slaget vid Verdun var ett av krigshistoriens l\u00E4ngsta och mest blodiga slag, under f\u00F6rsta v\u00E4rldskriget vid v\u00E4stfronten. Slaget, som var det tyska kejsard\u00F6mets f\u00F6rsta storoffensiv i v\u00E4ster efter den inledande inmarschen i Belgien och nord\u00F6stra Frankrike under augusti-september 1914, inleddes av en nio timmar l\u00E5ng f\u00F6rberedande artilleribeskjutning den 21 februari 1916. F\u00F6rst den 18 december samma \u00E5r var det hela \u00F6ver."@sv . . "75 divisions (in sequence)" . "\u51E1\u5C14\u767B\u6218\u5F79\uFF08\u6CD5\u8A9E\uFF1ABataille de Verdun\uFF09\u662F\u4ECE\u65BC1916\u5E742\u670821\u65E5\u5EF6\u7EED\u81F312\u670818\u65E5\u5728\u6CD5\u570B\u897F\u65B9\u6230\u7DDA\u9032\u884C\u3002\u9019\u5834\u6230\u5F79\u662F\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6230\u4E2D\u6700\u9577\u7684\u4E00\u5834\uFF0C\u767C\u751F\u5728\u9ED8\u8332\u6CB3\u7554\u51E1\u723E\u767B\u4EE5\u5317\u7684\u5C71\u4E18\u4E0A\u3002\u5FB7\u56FD\u88AD\u51FB\u4E86\u51E1\u723E\u767B\u8981\u585E\u533A\uFF08RFV\uFF0CR\u00E9gion Fortifi\u00E9e de Verdun\uFF09\u548C\u9ED8\u5179\u6CB3\u53F3\uFF08\u4E1C\uFF09\u5CB8\u7684\u6CD5\u56FD\u7B2C\u4E8C\u96C6\u5718\u8ECD\u7684\u9632\u5FA1\u5DE5\u4E8B\u3002 \u5FB7\u6CD5\u4E24\u56FD\u5408\u8A08\u6295\u5165100\u591A\u4E2A\u5E08\u7684\u5175\u529B\uFF0C\u96D9\u65B9\u519B\u961F\u6B7B\u4EA1\u5171\u7EA630\u4E076\u5343\u4EBA\uFF0C\u7EA640\u4E073\u5343\u4EBA\u53D7\u4F24\u3002\u662F\u4EBA\u985E\u6B77\u53F2\u4E0A\u6700\u50B7\u4EA1\u6158\u91CD\u7684\u6230\u5F79\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u201C\u51E1\u5C14\u767B\u7EDE\u8089\u673A\u201D\u3002 9\u6708\u548C12\u6708\uFF0C\u6CD5\u570B\u7684\u53CD\u653B\u5728\u6771\u5CB8\u91CD\u65B0\u596A\u56DE\u4E86\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u571F\u5730\uFF0C\u4E26\u6536\u5FA9\u4E86\u548C\u3002 \u9019\u5834\u6230\u9B25\u6301\u7E8C\u4E86302\u5929\uFF0C\u662F\u4EBA\u985E\u6B77\u53F2\u4E0A\u6301\u7E8C\u6642\u9593\u6700\u9577\u3001\u4EE3\u50F9\u6700\u9AD8\u7684\u6230\u9B25\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002 2000\u5E74\uFF0C\u6B77\u53F2\u5B78\u5BB6\u548C\u8A08\u7B97\u51FA\uFF0C\u6CD5\u570B\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1377,231\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5FB7\u570B\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1337,000\u4EBA\uFF0C\u7E3D\u8A08714,231\u4EBA\uFF0C\u5E73\u5747\u6BCF\u6708\u50B7\u4EA170,000\u4EBA\u3002 2014\u5E74\uFF0C\u5A01\u5EC9\u00B7\u83F2\u723E\u6CE2\u7279 (William Philpott) \u5BEB\u9053\uFF0C1916\u5E74\u6709976,000\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1\uFF0C\u6230\u722D\u671F\u9593\u9644\u8FD1\u67091,250,000\u4EBA\u50B7\u4EA1\u3002 \u5728\u6CD5\u570B\uFF0C\u9019\u5834\u6230\u9B25\u8C61\u5FB5\u8457\u6CD5\u570B\u8ECD\u968A\u7684\u6C7A\u5FC3\u548C\u6230\u722D\u7684\u7834\u58DE\u6027\u3002"@zh . . . . . . "Bataille de Verdun"@fr . . . "250"^^ . . . . . . . . "Die Schlacht um Verdun [v\u025Br\u02C8d\u025B\u0303] war eine der l\u00E4ngsten und verlustreichsten Schlachten des Ersten Weltkrieges an der Westfront zwischen Deutschland und Frankreich. Sie begann am 21. Februar 1916 mit einem Angriff deutscher Truppen auf den Festen Platz Verdun und endete am 19. Dezember 1916 ohne Erfolg der Deutschen. Nach der Marneschlacht und dem sich hinziehenden Stellungskrieg hatte die deutsche Oberste Heeresleitung (OHL) erkannt, dass ihr angesichts der sich abzeichnenden quantitativen \u00DCberlegenheit der Entente die M\u00F6glichkeit zur strategischen Initiative allm\u00E4hlich zu entgleiten drohte. Die Idee eines Angriffs bei Verdun stammte urspr\u00FCnglich von Kronprinz Wilhelm, Oberkommandierender der 5. Armee, dabei de facto federf\u00FChrend Konstantin Schmidt von Knobelsdorf, Generalstabschef der 5. Armee. Die deutsche Heeresleitung entschied sich f\u00FCr den Angriff auf die urspr\u00FCnglich st\u00E4rkste Festung Frankreichs (seit 1915 teilweise entwaffnet), um ihrerseits den Krieg an der Westfront wieder in Bewegung zu bringen. Rund um Verdun bestand zudem eine Einbuchtung der Front zwischen dem Frontbogen von St. Mihiel im Osten und Varennes im Westen, wodurch dort die deutsche Front in ihren Flanken bedroht war. Im Gegensatz zu nachtr\u00E4glichen Darstellungen des Generalstabschefs des deutschen Heeres, Erich von Falkenhayn, war die urspr\u00FCngliche Absicht des Angriffs nicht, ohne r\u00E4umliche Ziele die franz\u00F6sische Armee \u201Eausbluten\u201C zu lassen. Falkenhayn versuchte mit dieser im Jahre 1920 aufgestellten Behauptung, dem misslungenen Angriff und dem negativen deutschen Mythos der \u201EBlutm\u00FChle\u201C nachtr\u00E4glich einen vorgeblichen Sinn zu geben. Unter anderem sollte durch den Angriff das auf franz\u00F6sischem Boden k\u00E4mpfende britische Expeditionskorps dazu gebracht werden, von seinen B\u00FCndnisverpflichtungen abzufallen. Als Ziel der Offensive w\u00E4hlte man die Festung Verdun. Die Stadt hatte eine lange Geschichte als Bollwerk und daher vor allem f\u00FCr die franz\u00F6sische Bev\u00F6lkerung gro\u00DFe symbolische Bedeutung. Der milit\u00E4rstrategische Wert war weniger bedeutend. In der ersten Kriegszeit galt Verdun als untergeordnete franz\u00F6sische Festung. Die OHL plante den Frontbogen anzugreifen, der um die Stadt Verdun und den vorgelagerten Festungsg\u00FCrtel verlief. Eine Einnahme der Stadt selbst war nicht das prim\u00E4re Ziel der Operation, sondern die H\u00F6hen des Ostufers der Maas, um so analog zur Belagerung von Port Arthur die eigene Artillerie in eine beherrschende Situation zu bringen und damit Verdun unhaltbar zu machen. Falkenhayn meinte, Frankreich k\u00F6nne aus Gr\u00FCnden des nationalen Prestiges dazu bewogen werden, zur Verteidigung Verduns nicht vertretbare Verluste in Kauf zu nehmen. Um Verdun zu halten, w\u00E4re bei Gelingen des Planes eine R\u00FCckeroberung der dann von deutscher Artillerie besetzten H\u00F6hen notwendig gewesen, was vor dem Hintergrund der Erfahrungen der Schlachten im Jahre 1915 als nahezu unm\u00F6glich galt. Die Aktion trug den Decknamen Operation Gericht. Das Oberkommando der 5. Armee wurde mit der Durchf\u00FChrung beauftragt. Die Schlacht markiert einen H\u00F6hepunkt der gro\u00DFen Materialschlachten des Ersten Weltkrieges \u2013 niemals zuvor war die Industrialisierung des Krieges so deutlich geworden. Dabei sorgte das franz\u00F6sische System der Noria (auch \u201EPaternoster\u201C genannt) f\u00FCr einen regelm\u00E4\u00DFigen Austausch der Truppen nach einem Rotationsprinzip. Dies trug ma\u00DFgeblich zum Abwehrerfolg bei und war ein wesentlicher Faktor in der Etablierung Verduns als symbolischer Erinnerungsort f\u00FCr ganz Frankreich. Die deutsche F\u00FChrung nahm hingegen an, die franz\u00F6sische Seite sei zur Abl\u00F6sung der Truppen wegen \u00FCbergro\u00DFer Verluste gezwungen. In der deutschen Erinnerungskultur wurde Verdun zu einem Begriff, der mit einem Gef\u00FChl der Bitterkeit und dem Eindruck verbunden war, verheizt worden zu sein. Obwohl die im Juli 1916 begonnene Schlacht an der Somme mit deutlich h\u00F6heren Verlusten verbunden war, wurden die monatelangen K\u00E4mpfe vor Verdun zum deutsch-franz\u00F6sischen Symbol f\u00FCr die tragische Ergebnislosigkeit des Stellungskriegs. Verdun gilt heute als Mahnmal gegen kriegerische Handlungen und dient der gemeinsamen Erinnerung und vor der Welt als Zeichen der deutsch-franz\u00F6sischen Auss\u00F6hnung. Der deutsche Angriff begann, nachdem der eigentliche Angriffstermin am 12. Februar wegen des eiskalten und nassen Wetters mehrfach verschoben worden war, am 21. Februar 1916. Diese Verz\u00F6gerung des Angriffs zwischen dem 12. und 21. Februar sowie Berichte von \u00DCberl\u00E4ufern gaben der franz\u00F6sischen Aufkl\u00E4rung aber die Zeit und die Argumente, den Oberbefehlshaber Joseph Joffre zu \u00FCberzeugen, dass ein gro\u00DF angelegter Angriff vorbereitet wurde. Hastig zog Joffre aufgrund der unwiderlegbaren Beweise f\u00FCr deutsche Konzentrationen an der Front frische Truppen zur Unterst\u00FCtzung der verteidigenden franz\u00F6sischen 2e arm\u00E9e zusammen. Am bedrohten Ostufer der Maas konzentrierten die Franzosen ihrerseits etwa 200.000 Verteidiger, die einer deutschen \u00DCbermacht von etwa 500.000 Soldaten der 5. Armee gegen\u00FCberstanden. Zuerst machte der Angriff sichtbare Fortschritte. Bereits am 25. Februar gelang deutschen Truppen die Einnahme des Fort Douaumont im Handstreich. Wie von deutscher Seite erwartet, unternahm der Oberbefehlshaber der 2e arm\u00E9e Philippe P\u00E9tain alle Anstrengungen, Verdun zu verteidigen. Das Dorf Douaumont konnte erst nach hartem Kampf am 4. M\u00E4rz erobert werden. Um dem flankierenden Feuer zu entgehen, wurde der Angriff jetzt auch auf das linke Ufer der Maas ausgeweitet. Die H\u00F6he \u201EToter Mann\u201C wechselte unter schwersten Verlusten mehrfach den Besitzer. Am rechten Ufer wurde das Fort Vaux lange umk\u00E4mpft und bis zum letzten Tropfen Wasser verteidigt. Am 7. Juni kapitulierte das Fort. Infolge der Anfang Juni an der Ostfront begonnenen Brussilow-Offensive mussten deutsche Truppen aus dem Kampfgebiet abgezogen werden. Trotzdem startete am 22. Juni eine weitere Gro\u00DFoffensive. Das Ouvrage de Thiaumont und das Dorf Fleury konnten eingenommen werden. Die von den Briten am 1. Juli gestartete Schlacht an der Somme f\u00FChrte wie geplant dazu, dass weitere deutsche Truppen von Verdun abgezogen werden mussten. Trotzdem begannen die deutschen Truppen am 11. Juli eine letzte Gro\u00DFoffensive, die sie bis kurz vor das Fort Souville f\u00FChrte. Der Angriff brach dann durch den franz\u00F6sischen Gegenangriff zusammen. Es kam im Anschluss daran deutscherseits nur noch zu kleineren Unternehmungen wie zum Beispiel dem Angriff hessischer Truppen auf die Souville-Nase am 1. August 1916. Nach einer Zeit relativer Ruhe fiel am 24. Oktober das Fort Douaumont wieder zur\u00FCck an Frankreich, das Fort Vaux musste am 2. November ger\u00E4umt werden. Die franz\u00F6sische Offensive ging noch bis zum 20. Dezember weiter, dann wurde auch sie abgebrochen."@de . "the Western Front of the First World War"@en . . . . . "De Slag om Verdun (21 februari 1916 \u2013 20 december 1916) was een van de bloedigste veldslagen uit de geschiedenis van de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Tot op de dag van vandaag staat hij symbool voor de zinloze slachting van mensenlevens."@nl . . . . . . . . . "\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306E\u6226\u3044\uFF08\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306E\u305F\u305F\u304B\u3044\u3001Battle of Verdun\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6226\u306E\u897F\u90E8\u6226\u7DDA\u3067\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u5171\u548C\u56FD\u5185\u306E\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u3092\u821E\u53F0\u306B\u7E70\u308A\u5E83\u3052\u3089\u308C\u305F\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8ECD\u3068\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u8ECD\u306E\u6226\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u7B2C\u4E00\u6B21\u4E16\u754C\u5927\u6226\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u4E3B\u8981\u306A\u6226\u3044\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u3067\u30011916\u5E742\u670821\u65E5\u306B\u59CB\u307E\u308A\u3001\u4E21\u8ECD\u5408\u308F\u305B\u3066700,000\u4EBA\u4EE5\u4E0A\u306E\u6B7B\u50B7\u8005\u3092\u51FA\u3057\u305F\u3002 \u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u5E1D\u56FD\u306F\u81A0\u7740\u3057\u305F\u6226\u6CC1\u3092\u6253\u958B\u3059\u3079\u304F\u3001\u53C2\u8B00\u7DCF\u9577\u30A8\u30FC\u30EA\u30C3\u30D2\u30FB\u30D5\u30A9\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30A1\u30EB\u30B1\u30F3\u30CF\u30A4\u30F3\u306E\u767A\u6848\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u76EE\u6A19\u3092\u30D1\u30EA\u3078\u3068\u7D9A\u304F\u8857\u9053\u306B\u3042\u308B\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u306B\u5B9A\u3081\u305F\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u5927\u91CF\u306E\u640D\u5BB3\u3092\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u306B\u4E0E\u3048\u308B\u3053\u3068\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u304C\u6226\u4E89\u3092\u7D99\u7D9A\u3067\u304D\u306A\u304F\u306A\u308B\u3088\u3046\u4F01\u56F3\u3057\u305F\u306E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5F53\u521D\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u3053\u306E\u4F5C\u6226\u306F\u6210\u529F\u3092\u304A\u3055\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305F\u304C\u3001\u3053\u306E\u6226\u3044\u3092\u6D88\u8017\u6226\u3068\u7406\u89E3\u3057\u306A\u3044\u30F4\u30A3\u30EB\u30D8\u30EB\u30E0\u7687\u592A\u5B50\u306F\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u653B\u7565\u306B\u56FA\u57F7\u3057\u305F\u3002\u305D\u306E\u7D50\u679C\u3001\u4E21\u8ECD\u3068\u3082\u6CE5\u6CBC\u5F0F\u306B\u5E2B\u56E3\u3092\u6295\u5165\u3057\u3066\u591A\u5927\u306A\u640D\u5BB3\u3092\u51FA\u3057\u305F\u3002\u3053\u306E\u6226\u3044\u306E\u6700\u4E2D\u306B\u6771\u90E8\u6226\u7DDA\u3067\u306E\u30ED\u30B7\u30A2\u8ECD\u306E\u30D6\u30EB\u30B7\u30FC\u30ED\u30D5\u653B\u52E2\u3084\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u8ECD\u306B\u3088\u308B\u30BD\u30F3\u30E0\u653B\u52E2\u304C\u59CB\u307E\u308A\u3001\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u8ECD\u306F\u305D\u3061\u3089\u306E\u65B9\u306B\u6226\u529B\u3092\u56DE\u3055\u306A\u3051\u308C\u3070\u306A\u3089\u306A\u304F\u306A\u3063\u305F\u3002\u305D\u306E\u305F\u3081\u30F4\u30A7\u30EB\u30C0\u30F3\u653B\u7565\u306F\u4E2D\u6B62\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002"@ja . . . "Schlacht um Verdun"@de . . "Schwencke"@en . . . . . "\uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uC804\uD22C(\uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uC5B4: Bataille de Verdun \uBC14\uD0C0\uC774 \uB4DC \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D[bataj d\u0259 v\u025B\u0281d\u0153\u0303][*], \uB3C5\uC77C\uC5B4: Schlacht um Verdun \uC290\uB77C\uD750\uD2B8 \uC6C0 \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D[\u0283laxt \u02C0\u028Am \u02C8v\u025B\u0250d\u0153\u014B][*], \uC601\uC5B4: Battle of Verdun)\uB294 1916\uB144 2\uC6D4 21\uC77C\uC5D0\uC11C \uB3D9\uB144 12\uC6D4 18\uC77C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uC81C3\uACF5\uD654\uAD6D\uACFC \uB3C5\uC77C \uC81C\uAD6D\uC758 \uC721\uAD70 \uC0AC\uC774\uC5D0 \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uC804\uD22C\uB85C, \uC81C1\uCC28 \uC138\uACC4 \uB300\uC804 \uC11C\uBD80 \uC804\uC120\uC5D0\uC11C \uAC00\uC7A5 \uAC70\uB300\uD55C \uC804\uD22C \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC600\uB2E4. \uC804\uD22C\uAC00 \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C4 \uACF3\uC740 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4 \uBD81\uB3D9\uBD80\uC5D0 \uC18C\uC7AC\uD55C \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D\uC26C\uB974\uBAFC\uC988(Verdun-sur-Meuse) \uACE0\uC9C0\uC758 \uBD81\uCABD\uC774\uC5C8\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uC77C\uAD70 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\uB9C9\uC544\uB0C8\uACE0, \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uBD81\uCABD\uC5D0\uC11C \uC19C \uC804\uD22C\uAC00 \uBC8C\uC5B4\uC9C0\uB294 \uC640\uC911\uC5D0\uB3C4 1918\uB144 \uC5F0\uB9D0\uC774 \uB420 \uB54C\uAE4C\uC9C0 \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D\uC5D0\uC11C \uC783\uC5B4\uBC84\uB9B0 \uAD6C\uC5ED \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC744 \uC218\uBCF5\uD588\uB2E4. \uB3C5\uC77C\uC758 \uC804\uB7B5\uC740 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAC00 \uBAFC\uC988 \uAC15 \uB3D9\uC548 \uACE0\uC9C0\uB97C \uD0C8\uD658\uD558\uB824\uACE0 \uC2DC\uB3C4\uD560 \uAC83\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uC0C1\uC815\uD558\uACE0, \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAC00 \uACE0\uC9C0\uB97C \uD0C8\uD658\uD558\uB824 \uC2DC\uB3C4\uD558\uBA74 \uD3EC\uBCD1\uC758 \uD3EC\uACA9\uC744 \uD1B5\uD574 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uC5D0\uAC8C \uD070 \uD53C\uD574\uB97C \uBBF8\uCE58\uB294 \uD55C\uD3B8 \uC720\uB9AC\uD55C \uACE0\uC9C0\uB97C \uC811\uC218\uD55C \uB3C5\uC77C \uBCF4\uBCD1\uC758 \uD53C\uD574\uB294 \uD504\uB791\uC2A4\uAD70\uBCF4\uB2E4 \uC801\uC73C\uB9AC\uB77C\uB294 \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C \uC694\uC57D\uD560 \uC218 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7\uB9CC \uBA85\uC774 \uC804\uC0AC\uD588\uB2E4. \uBCF4\uB2E4 \uCD5C\uADFC\uC758 \uCD94\uC815\uCE58\uC5D0\uC11C\uB294 1914\uB144\uC5D0\uC11C 1918\uB144 \uC0AC\uC774\uC5D0 \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D\uC5D0\uC11C \uBC1C\uC0DD\uD55C \uC0AC\uC0C1\uC790 \uC218\uB294 1,250,000\uC5EC \uBA85\uC5D0 \uC774\uB974\uACE0 \uC774 \uC911 \uC0AC\uB9DD\uC790\uB294 976,000\uC5EC \uBA85\uC774\uB77C\uACE0 \uCD94\uC0B0\uD558\uAE30\uB3C4 \uD55C\uB2E4. \uBCA0\uB974\uB42D \uC804\uD22C\uB294 \uCD1D 303\uC77C\uAC04 \uACC4\uC18D\uB418\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70, \uC778\uB958\uC0AC\uC0C1 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uAE38\uACE0 \uAC00\uC7A5 \uB054\uCC0D\uD55C \uC18C\uBAA8\uC804 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uB85C \uAE30\uB85D\uB410\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . "Batalo apud Verdun"@eo . . . . . . . . "Verdun"@en . . . . "1052"^^ . . . . . . . . . "Auguste Hirschauer"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Terraine"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Die Schlacht um Verdun [v\u025Br\u02C8d\u025B\u0303] war eine der l\u00E4ngsten und verlustreichsten Schlachten des Ersten Weltkrieges an der Westfront zwischen Deutschland und Frankreich. Sie begann am 21. Februar 1916 mit einem Angriff deutscher Truppen auf den Festen Platz Verdun und endete am 19. Dezember 1916 ohne Erfolg der Deutschen."@de . . . . . . . . . .