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Freeman Dyson Freeman Dyson Freeman Dyson Freeman J. Dyson Freeman Dyson Фрімен Дайсон Freeman Dyson Freeman Dyson Freeman Dyson Freeman Dyson Freeman John Dyson Φρήμαν Ντάυσον فريمان دايسون フリーマン・ダイソン Freeman J. Dyson Дайсон, Фримен Freeman J. Dyson 프리먼 다이슨 Freeman Dyson 弗里曼·戴森 Freeman Dyson Freeman Dyson
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Freeman John Dyson FRS fou un físic i matemàtic anglès. Va treballar per al durant la Segona Guerra Mundial. Una vegada finalitzada la guerra, es va traslladar a Princeton (USA) i es nacionalitzà estatunidenc. En els anys que van seguir a la guerra, Dyson va demostrar l'equivalència de les formulacions de la de Richard Feynman amb les desenvolupades per Julian Schwinger i Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. Dyson va publicar col·leccions d'especulacions i observacions sobre la tecnologia i el futur: Mons imaginats, D'Eros a Gaia, o Pertorbant l'Univers. Freeman John Dyson (Crowthorne, 15 dicembre 1923 – Princeton, 28 febbraio 2020) è stato un fisico e matematico britannico naturalizzato statunitense, conosciuto principalmente per i suoi studi in elettrodinamica quantistica, fisica dello stato solido e ingegneria nucleare. Ha teorizzato vari concetti che portano il suo nome; i più importanti sono la , l', la serie di Dyson e la sfera di Dyson. Freeman John Dyson (Crowthorne, Berkshire, 15 december 1923 – Princeton (New Jersey), 28 februari 2020) was een in Engeland geboren Amerikaans natuurkundige. Hij is bekend geworden door zijn werk op het gebied van kwantummechanica, vastestoffysica en zijn deskundigheid bij de ontwikkeling van kernreactors. Ook is hij bekend vanwege zijn interesse in buitenaardse beschavingen en sciencefiction. Hij was een actief voorstander van afschaffing van kernwapens en van internationale samenwerking. 프리먼 존 다이슨(영어: Freeman John Dyson, 1923년 12월 15일 ~ 2020년 2월 28일)은 영국 태생의 미국의 물리학자이다. 양자전기역학의 이론적 기반을 닦은 인물 중 하나이다. 또한 저명한 물리학자들 중 거의 유일하게 평생 박사 학위를 취득하지 않았다. Freeman John Dyson (15. prosince 1923, , Spojené království – 28. února 2020, Princeton, New Jersey, USA) byl britský teoretický fyzik a matematik, který žil a pracoval od roku 1951 v USA. Zabýval se fyzikou pevných látek, astrofyzikou a jadernou fyzikou. Byl členem Londýnské královské společnosti a Národní akademie věd Spojených států amerických. Známý je především sjednocením kvantové teorie pole a tzv. Feynmanových diagramů, v populární rovině pak také svou koncepcí tzv. Dysonovy sféry. Freeman J. Dyson, né le 15 décembre 1923 à Crowthorne dans le Berkshire (Royaume-Uni) et mort le 28 février 2020 à Princeton (New Jersey), est un physicien théoricien et mathématicien britanno-américain. Il contribue notamment aux fondements de l'électrodynamique quantique en 1948. Il fait également de nombreuses contributions à la physique des solides, l’astronomie et l’ingénierie nucléaire. On lui doit plusieurs concepts qui portent son nom, tels que la (en) , (en) , la (en) et la sphère de Dyson. Fisicí a rugadh i gCrowthorne Shasana ab ea Freeman John Dyson (a rugadh ar 15 Nollaig 1923 - 28 Feabhra 2020). D'oibrigh sé sna Stáit Aontaithe an chuid is mó dá shaolré, ag an in Princeton New Jersey sa chuid ba mhó. Rinne sé taighde bunúsach ar an teoiric chandamach is an leictridinimic chandamach, ar chobhsaíocht damhna go háirithe. Chuidigh sé leis an díospóireacht phoiblí ar cheisteanna eolaíochta freisin. Ο Φρήμαν Τζων Ντάυσον (Freeman John Dyson, 15 Δεκεμβρίου 1923 – 28 Φεβρουαρίου 2020) ήταν Αγγλοαμερικανός θεωρητικός φυσικός και μαθηματικός, γνωστός για τις μελέτες του στην κβαντική ηλεκτροδυναμική, τη φυσική στερεάς κατάστασης, την αστροφυσική και την , και ευρύτερα για τους οραματισμούς του σχετικά με το τεχνολογικό μέλλον της ανθρωπότητας στο Σύμπαν. Υπήρξε επί δεκαετίες ομότιμος καθηγητής στο . Freeman Dyson, född 15 december 1923 i Crowthorne i Berkshire, död 28 februari 2020 i Princeton, New Jersey, var en brittisk-amerikansk matematiker och teoretisk fysiker och medlem av Royal Society. Han var professor emeritus i Institutet för avancerade studier i Princeton, medlem av Board of Visitors vid Ralston College och medlem av styrelsen för sponsorer av Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Freeman John DYSON, Berkshire, la 15-an de decembro 1923 - Princeton, mortis la 28-an de februaro 2020 estis brita-usona teoria kaj matematika fizikisto. Li estis profesoro emerito ĉe la Institute for Advanced Study kaj membro de la Bulteno de la Atomaj Sciencistoj. En 1981 li estis premiita la Wolf-Premio pri Fiziko, kaj la Premio Templeton en 2000. Freeman John Dyson (Berkshire, 15 de dezembro de 1923 – 28 de fevereiro de 2020) foi um físico e matemático inglês. Trabalhou para o British Bomber Command durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Após seu fim, mudou-se para Princeton (Estados Unidos) e nacionalizou-se estadunidense. Dyson teorizou sobre a possibilidade de que uma sociedade avançada pudesse circundar completamente uma estrela para maximizar a captura da energia emitida, mediante nuvens de asteroides, o que foi denominado esfera de Dyson. Morreu no dia 28 de fevereiro de 2020, aos 96 anos. Freeman John Dyson (Crowthorne, Berkshire, 15 de diciembre de 1923-Princeton; 28 de febrero de 2020)​ fue un físico teórico y matemático británico-estadounidense. Fue profesor emérito en el Institute for Advanced Study (Instituto de estudios avanzados) en Princeton y miembro del Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Boletín de los Científicos Atómicos). Фримен Джон Да́йсон (англ. Freeman John Dyson; 15 декабря 1923, Кроуторн, Беркшир, Англия — 28 февраля 2020) — американский физик-теоретик английского происхождения, один из создателей квантовой электродинамики. Член Лондонского королевского общества (1952) и Национальной академии наук США (1964). Иностранный член Российской академии наук (2011). 弗里曼·约翰·戴森（英語：Freeman John Dyson，1923年12月15日－2020年2月28日），美籍英裔數學物理學家，普林斯頓高等研究院教授。戴森提出了戴森變換。 جون فريمان دايسون (بالإنجليزية: Freeman Dyson)‏ (15 ديسمبر 1923 - 28 فبراير2020) رياضي وفيزيائي نظري أمريكي من أصل بريطاني. اشتهر بعمله في مجال نظرية الكم وفيزياء الحالة الصلبة وعلم الفلك والهندسة النووية. هو عضو في مجلس الرعاة من .عاش دايسون في جامعة برنستون من ولاية نيو جيرسي لأكثر من خمسين عاما. Фрімен Дайсон (англ. Freeman Dyson; 15 грудня 1923 — 28 лютого 2020) — фізик-теоретик, відомий завдяки своїм роботам у сфері квантової фізики, ядерної енергетики, фізики твердого тіла, професор Принстонського університету (США). Автор численних праць з космології, філософії та футурології. Freeman John Dyson (ur. 15 grudnia 1923 w Crowthorne, zm. 28 lutego 2020 w Princeton) – amerykański naukowiec: fizyk teoretyczny, astrofizyk, matematyk i futurolog pochodzenia angielskiego, profesor Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) w Princeton. Laureat licznych nagród, w tym Nagrody Templetona (2000) oraz prestiżowych nagród fizycznych, ustępujących statusem tylko Nagrodzie Nobla: Medalu Lorentza (1966), Medalu Maksa Plancka (1969) i Nagrody Wolfa w dziedzinie fizyki (1981). フリーマン・ジョン・ダイソン（Freeman John Dyson、1923年12月15日 - 2020年2月28日）は、イギリス・バークシャー生まれのアメリカ合衆国の理論物理学者・宇宙物理学者・サイエンスライター。ケンブリッジ大学トリニティ・カレッジ卒業、プリンストン高等研究所名誉教授。 若くしてダイソン方程式を発表、量子電磁力学の完成に大きな寄与をなした。宇宙分野では恒星の全エネルギーを利用する「ダイソン球」や、彗星を覆う巨大植物「ダイソン・ツリー」、遺伝子工学によって育てられた宇宙船「宇宙の鶏（アストロチキン）」、惑星・恒星をも移動させる装置を考案するなど、気宇壮大なアイデアを連発し、SFにも多大な影響を与えた。原子力発電の研究にも携わっている。 数学に関わる分野でもいくつかの注目すべき仕事がある。ランダム行列の研究が最も重要だが、これは後にリーマン予想の研究を活発化させる契機にもなった。1996年に証明された、「全ての偶数は高々6個の素数の和で表せる」というオリヴィエ・ラマレの定理も、フリーマンが発見した補題が重要である。 日本のドキュメンタリー映画『地球交響曲第三番』に出演している。大江健三郎とも親交があった。 Freeman John Dyson (* 15. Dezember 1923 in Crowthorne, Berkshire; † 28. Februar 2020 in Princeton, New Jersey) war ein britisch-US-amerikanischer Physiker und Mathematiker. Freeman John Dyson britainiar fisika teorialaria eta astrofisikaria izan zen. Cambridgeko Unibertsitatean egin zituen ikasketak, eta matematika aplikatuetan lan egin zuen gero britainiar gobernuarentzat. Sei urtez ikerkuntzan jardun ondoren Britainia Handian eta Estatu Batuetan, fisikako eskolak ematen hasi zen Cornelleko Unibertsitatean, Estatu Batuetan, 1951n. 1953an Princentoneko Unibertsitateko Ikasketa Aurreratuetako Institutuan hasi zen lanean. Dysonen ikerkuntza-lana fisikaren une kritiko batean hasi zen. Bigarren Mundu Gerraren ondoko urteetan froga esperimental berriek arazo berriak sortu zituzten, eta materiaren eta argiaren elkarrekiko ekintzaren inguruan besteak beste. Baina quantumen elektrodi Freeman John Dyson FRS (15 December 1923 – 28 February 2020) was an English-American theoretical physicist and mathematician known for his works in quantum field theory, astrophysics, random matrices, mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, and engineering. He was Professor Emeritus in the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and a member of the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Freeman John Dyson FRS (15 Desember 1923 – 28 Februari 2020) adalah seorang fisikawan dan matematikawan teoretikal Amerika kelahiran Inggris, yang dikenal karena karyanya dalam , , astronomi dan teknik nuklir. Ia merupakan profesor emeritus di Institute for Advanced Study, a of , dan anggota the Board of Sponsors of the .
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n37:Freeman_Dyson_(2005).jpg?width=300
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University of Cambridge Cornell University
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Dyson in a jacket
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1923-12-15
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Freeman John Dyson
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Dyson at the Long Now Seminar in San Francisco, California, in 2005
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6
dbp:date
2016-08-17 2020-08-07
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2020-02-28
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dbr:Physics dbr:Mathematics
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riPDQ3VJBCI
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Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch Richard Feynman
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Helios propulsion system Advocacy against nuclear weapons Stability of matter Crank of a partition Dyson sphere Project Orion Rank of a partition Crank conjecture Circular ensemble Quantum electrodynamics Random matrix theory TRIGA
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British-American
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0001-08-11
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Freeman Dyson and Gregory Benford: Forseeing the Next 35 Years – Where Will We Be in 2054?
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n18:freeman-dyson-interview n61:freeman-dyson-2014-06-11
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Freeman Dyson: Let's look for life in the outer solar system, TED Talks, February 2003 0001-06-01 Freeman Dyson 1 – My middle class upbringing, Web of Stories
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Freeman John Dyson (Crowthorne, Berkshire, 15 december 1923 – Princeton (New Jersey), 28 februari 2020) was een in Engeland geboren Amerikaans natuurkundige. Hij is bekend geworden door zijn werk op het gebied van kwantummechanica, vastestoffysica en zijn deskundigheid bij de ontwikkeling van kernreactors. Ook is hij bekend vanwege zijn interesse in buitenaardse beschavingen en sciencefiction. Hij was een actief voorstander van afschaffing van kernwapens en van internationale samenwerking. In 1989 ontving Dyson de Matteucci Medal. In 2000 won hij de .Freeman Dyson is de zoon van de Britse romantisch componist George Dyson en de jurist en sociaal werker Mildred Atkey. Freeman John Dyson (15. prosince 1923, , Spojené království – 28. února 2020, Princeton, New Jersey, USA) byl britský teoretický fyzik a matematik, který žil a pracoval od roku 1951 v USA. Zabýval se fyzikou pevných látek, astrofyzikou a jadernou fyzikou. Byl členem Londýnské královské společnosti a Národní akademie věd Spojených států amerických. Známý je především sjednocením kvantové teorie pole a tzv. Feynmanových diagramů, v populární rovině pak také svou koncepcí tzv. Dysonovy sféry. Byl praktikujícím křesťanem, stejně tak celoživotním bojovníkem proti nacionalismu, zastáncem jaderného odzbrojování a mezinárodní spolupráce. フリーマン・ジョン・ダイソン（Freeman John Dyson、1923年12月15日 - 2020年2月28日）は、イギリス・バークシャー生まれのアメリカ合衆国の理論物理学者・宇宙物理学者・サイエンスライター。ケンブリッジ大学トリニティ・カレッジ卒業、プリンストン高等研究所名誉教授。 若くしてダイソン方程式を発表、量子電磁力学の完成に大きな寄与をなした。宇宙分野では恒星の全エネルギーを利用する「ダイソン球」や、彗星を覆う巨大植物「ダイソン・ツリー」、遺伝子工学によって育てられた宇宙船「宇宙の鶏（アストロチキン）」、惑星・恒星をも移動させる装置を考案するなど、気宇壮大なアイデアを連発し、SFにも多大な影響を与えた。原子力発電の研究にも携わっている。 数学に関わる分野でもいくつかの注目すべき仕事がある。ランダム行列の研究が最も重要だが、これは後にリーマン予想の研究を活発化させる契機にもなった。1996年に証明された、「全ての偶数は高々6個の素数の和で表せる」というオリヴィエ・ラマレの定理も、フリーマンが発見した補題が重要である。 日本のドキュメンタリー映画『地球交響曲第三番』に出演している。大江健三郎とも親交があった。 프리먼 존 다이슨(영어: Freeman John Dyson, 1923년 12월 15일 ~ 2020년 2월 28일)은 영국 태생의 미국의 물리학자이다. 양자전기역학의 이론적 기반을 닦은 인물 중 하나이다. 또한 저명한 물리학자들 중 거의 유일하게 평생 박사 학위를 취득하지 않았다. Freeman Dyson, född 15 december 1923 i Crowthorne i Berkshire, död 28 februari 2020 i Princeton, New Jersey, var en brittisk-amerikansk matematiker och teoretisk fysiker och medlem av Royal Society. Han var professor emeritus i Institutet för avancerade studier i Princeton, medlem av Board of Visitors vid Ralston College och medlem av styrelsen för sponsorer av Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Dyson är känd för sina arbeten inom kvantfältteori, astrofysik, slumpmässiga matriser, matematisk formulering av kvantmekanik, fysik i kondenserad materia, kärnfysik och ingenjörsvetenskap, samt att ha tänkt ut de teoretiska begreppen Dysonsfären och . Han tilldelades Lorentzmedaljen 1966 och Hughesmedaljen 1968. Ο Φρήμαν Τζων Ντάυσον (Freeman John Dyson, 15 Δεκεμβρίου 1923 – 28 Φεβρουαρίου 2020) ήταν Αγγλοαμερικανός θεωρητικός φυσικός και μαθηματικός, γνωστός για τις μελέτες του στην κβαντική ηλεκτροδυναμική, τη φυσική στερεάς κατάστασης, την αστροφυσική και την , και ευρύτερα για τους οραματισμούς του σχετικά με το τεχνολογικό μέλλον της ανθρωπότητας στο Σύμπαν. Υπήρξε επί δεκαετίες ομότιμος καθηγητής στο . Freeman John Dyson FRS (15 Desember 1923 – 28 Februari 2020) adalah seorang fisikawan dan matematikawan teoretikal Amerika kelahiran Inggris, yang dikenal karena karyanya dalam , , astronomi dan teknik nuklir. Ia merupakan profesor emeritus di Institute for Advanced Study, a of , dan anggota the Board of Sponsors of the . Fisicí a rugadh i gCrowthorne Shasana ab ea Freeman John Dyson (a rugadh ar 15 Nollaig 1923 - 28 Feabhra 2020). D'oibrigh sé sna Stáit Aontaithe an chuid is mó dá shaolré, ag an in Princeton New Jersey sa chuid ba mhó. Rinne sé taighde bunúsach ar an teoiric chandamach is an leictridinimic chandamach, ar chobhsaíocht damhna go háirithe. Chuidigh sé leis an díospóireacht phoiblí ar cheisteanna eolaíochta freisin. Фримен Джон Да́йсон (англ. Freeman John Dyson; 15 декабря 1923, Кроуторн, Беркшир, Англия — 28 февраля 2020) — американский физик-теоретик английского происхождения, один из создателей квантовой электродинамики. Член Лондонского королевского общества (1952) и Национальной академии наук США (1964). Иностранный член Российской академии наук (2011). Фрімен Дайсон (англ. Freeman Dyson; 15 грудня 1923 — 28 лютого 2020) — фізик-теоретик, відомий завдяки своїм роботам у сфері квантової фізики, ядерної енергетики, фізики твердого тіла, професор Принстонського університету (США). Автор численних праць з космології, філософії та футурології. Freeman J. Dyson, né le 15 décembre 1923 à Crowthorne dans le Berkshire (Royaume-Uni) et mort le 28 février 2020 à Princeton (New Jersey), est un physicien théoricien et mathématicien britanno-américain. Il contribue notamment aux fondements de l'électrodynamique quantique en 1948. Il fait également de nombreuses contributions à la physique des solides, l’astronomie et l’ingénierie nucléaire. On lui doit plusieurs concepts qui portent son nom, tels que la (en) , (en) , la (en) et la sphère de Dyson. Freeman John DYSON, Berkshire, la 15-an de decembro 1923 - Princeton, mortis la 28-an de februaro 2020 estis brita-usona teoria kaj matematika fizikisto. Li estis profesoro emerito ĉe la Institute for Advanced Study kaj membro de la Bulteno de la Atomaj Sciencistoj. Li estis konata pro siaj kontribuoj en Kvantuma elektrodinamiko, Solid-stata fiziko, astronomio kaj nuklea inĝenierado. Li teoriadis plurajn konceptojn, kiuj portas sian nomon, kiel la Dyson-sfero, hipoteza mega strukturo de sfera astronomia skulptaĵo ĉirkaŭ stelo, kio permesus al progresinta civilizo maksimumigi la luman kaj termikan energion de la stelo, aŭ la serioj de Dyson. En 1981 li estis premiita la Wolf-Premio pri Fiziko, kaj la Premio Templeton en 2000. جون فريمان دايسون (بالإنجليزية: Freeman Dyson)‏ (15 ديسمبر 1923 - 28 فبراير2020) رياضي وفيزيائي نظري أمريكي من أصل بريطاني. اشتهر بعمله في مجال نظرية الكم وفيزياء الحالة الصلبة وعلم الفلك والهندسة النووية. هو عضو في مجلس الرعاة من .عاش دايسون في جامعة برنستون من ولاية نيو جيرسي لأكثر من خمسين عاما. Freeman John Dyson (ur. 15 grudnia 1923 w Crowthorne, zm. 28 lutego 2020 w Princeton) – amerykański naukowiec: fizyk teoretyczny, astrofizyk, matematyk i futurolog pochodzenia angielskiego, profesor Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) w Princeton. Laureat licznych nagród, w tym Nagrody Templetona (2000) oraz prestiżowych nagród fizycznych, ustępujących statusem tylko Nagrodzie Nobla: Medalu Lorentza (1966), Medalu Maksa Plancka (1969) i Nagrody Wolfa w dziedzinie fizyki (1981). Dyson to jeden z pionierów elektrodynamiki kwantowej, współautor astronautycznego projektu Orion i twórca futurologicznej koncepcji sfery Dysona. Freeman John Dyson FRS (15 December 1923 – 28 February 2020) was an English-American theoretical physicist and mathematician known for his works in quantum field theory, astrophysics, random matrices, mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics, condensed matter physics, nuclear physics, and engineering. He was Professor Emeritus in the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and a member of the Board of Sponsors of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Dyson originated several concepts that bear his name, such as Dyson's transform, a fundamental technique in additive number theory, which he developed as part of his proof of Mann's theorem; the Dyson tree, a hypothetical genetically engineered plant capable of growing in a comet; the Dyson series, a perturbative series where each term is represented by Feynman diagrams; the Dyson sphere, a thought experiment that attempts to explain how a space-faring civilization would meet its energy requirements with a hypothetical megastructure that completely encompasses a star and captures a large percentage of its power output; and Dyson's eternal intelligence, a means by which an immortal society of intelligent beings in an open universe could escape the prospect of the heat death of the universe by extending subjective time to infinity while expending only a finite amount of energy. Dyson disagreed with the scientific consensus on climate change. He believed that some of the effects of increased CO2 levels are favourable and not taken into account by climate scientists, such as increased agricultural yield, and further that the positive benefits of CO2 likely outweigh the negative effects. He was skeptical about the simulation models used to predict climate change, arguing that political efforts to reduce causes of climate change distract from other global problems that should take priority. Freeman John Dyson (Crowthorne, Berkshire, 15 de diciembre de 1923-Princeton; 28 de febrero de 2020)​ fue un físico teórico y matemático británico-estadounidense. Fue profesor emérito en el Institute for Advanced Study (Instituto de estudios avanzados) en Princeton y miembro del Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Boletín de los Científicos Atómicos). Era conocido por sus contribuciones en electrodinámica cuántica, física del estado sólido, astronomía e ingeniería nuclear. Teorizó varios conceptos que llevan su nombre como la esfera de Dyson, una megaestructura hipotética de una cubierta esférica de talla astronómica alrededor de una estrella, la cual permitiría a una civilización avanzada aprovechar al máximo la energía lumínica y térmica del astro,​ o la . Freeman John Dyson (Berkshire, 15 de dezembro de 1923 – 28 de fevereiro de 2020) foi um físico e matemático inglês. Trabalhou para o British Bomber Command durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Após seu fim, mudou-se para Princeton (Estados Unidos) e nacionalizou-se estadunidense. Nos anos posteriores à guerra, Dyson demonstrou a equivalência das formulações da eletrodinâmica quântica de Richard Feynman com as desenvolvidas por Julian Schwinger e Shin'ichiro Tomonaga. Entre 1957-1961, trabalhou no Projeto Orion que pretendia realizar o voo espacial utilizando a propulsão nuclear. Um protótipo chegou a ser construído, mas a Declaração para o Uso Pacífico do Espaço da ONU proibiu qualquer tipo de explosão nuclear na atmosfera e no espaço, o que provocou o abandono do projeto. Dyson teorizou sobre a possibilidade de que uma sociedade avançada pudesse circundar completamente uma estrela para maximizar a captura da energia emitida, mediante nuvens de asteroides, o que foi denominado esfera de Dyson. Também propôs a , uma planta desenhada geneticamente para crescer num cometa. O objetivo imaginado era que a árvore transformaria o cometa numa estrutura oca com uma atmosfera respirável no seu interior, utilizando-se da luz do sol distante e material do cometa para crescer e produzir o oxigênio necessário, e assim poderiam ser criados habitats para a humanidade no sistema solar exterior. Dyson publicou suas especulações e observações sobre a tecnologia e o futuro: Mundos imaginados, De Eros a Gaia, Perturbando o Universo. Notabilizou-se também em seus estudos sobre a origem da vida, ao propor origens independentes para o metabolismo e para a reprodução. De 2003 até a sua morte foi presidente do Space Studies Institute, organização fundada por Gerard Kitchen O'Neill. Foi casado com Verena Huber-Dyson e pai de Esther Dyson e do historiador da tecnologia George Dyson. Foi laureado com a Medalha Max Planck em 1969 e em 2000 com o Prêmio Templeton. Ele também foi um dos que assinaram uma petição para o presidente Barack Obama em 2015 para que o Governo Federal dos Estados Unidos fizesse um pacto de desarmamento nuclear e de não-agressão. Morreu no dia 28 de fevereiro de 2020, aos 96 anos. Freeman John Dyson (* 15. Dezember 1923 in Crowthorne, Berkshire; † 28. Februar 2020 in Princeton, New Jersey) war ein britisch-US-amerikanischer Physiker und Mathematiker. 弗里曼·约翰·戴森（英語：Freeman John Dyson，1923年12月15日－2020年2月28日），美籍英裔數學物理學家，普林斯頓高等研究院教授。戴森提出了戴森變換。 Freeman John Dyson britainiar fisika teorialaria eta astrofisikaria izan zen. Cambridgeko Unibertsitatean egin zituen ikasketak, eta matematika aplikatuetan lan egin zuen gero britainiar gobernuarentzat. Sei urtez ikerkuntzan jardun ondoren Britainia Handian eta Estatu Batuetan, fisikako eskolak ematen hasi zen Cornelleko Unibertsitatean, Estatu Batuetan, 1951n. 1953an Princentoneko Unibertsitateko Ikasketa Aurreratuetako Institutuan hasi zen lanean. Dysonen ikerkuntza-lana fisikaren une kritiko batean hasi zen. Bigarren Mundu Gerraren ondoko urteetan froga esperimental berriek arazo berriak sortu zituzten, eta materiaren eta argiaren elkarrekiko ekintzaren inguruan besteak beste. Baina quantumen elektrodinamika hori sortzeko erabili ziren teknika matematikoek zenbait eragozpen zituzten, eta emaitza absurdoak eragin zituzten. Hala ere, 1949 aldera, matematika-arazo horiei buruzko bi konponbide teoriko sortu ziren: teoria horietako bat estatubatuar fisikari Richard P. Feynmanek asmatu zuen, eta bestea bere herrikide Julian S. Schwinger fisikariak, eta baita, bere aldetik, japoniar fisikari Shin'ichiro Tomonagak ere. 1950 aldera Dysonek frogatuta utzi zuen bi teoria horiek formalismo soil batera murritz zitezkeela, eta berehala nabarmendu zen ideia horien aplikazioan. Hortik sortu zen teoria eta horren inguruko teknika matematikoak fisika teoriko modernoaren muina izan ziren XX. mendearen bigarren erdian. Lan nagusiak: Unibertsoaren perturbazioa (1979) eta Armak eta itxaropena (1984). Sari ugari jaso ditu, horien artean (1969) eta Templeton saria (2000). American Physical Society, Estatu Batuetako National Academy of Sciences eta Londresko Royal Societyko kide izan zen. Freeman John Dyson (Crowthorne, 15 dicembre 1923 – Princeton, 28 febbraio 2020) è stato un fisico e matematico britannico naturalizzato statunitense, conosciuto principalmente per i suoi studi in elettrodinamica quantistica, fisica dello stato solido e ingegneria nucleare. Ha teorizzato vari concetti che portano il suo nome; i più importanti sono la , l', la serie di Dyson e la sfera di Dyson. Freeman John Dyson FRS fou un físic i matemàtic anglès. Va treballar per al durant la Segona Guerra Mundial. Una vegada finalitzada la guerra, es va traslladar a Princeton (USA) i es nacionalitzà estatunidenc. En els anys que van seguir a la guerra, Dyson va demostrar l'equivalència de les formulacions de la de Richard Feynman amb les desenvolupades per Julian Schwinger i Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. Entre 1957 i 1961, va treballar en el Projecte Orió que pretenia el vol espacial usant la propulsió nuclear. Es va construir un prototip, però la de l'ONU va prohibir qualsevol tipus d'explosió nuclear en l'atmosfera i més enllà, cosa que va provocar l'abandó del projecte. Dyson va teoritzar sobre la possibilitat que una societat avançada pogués envoltar per complet una estrella, mitjançant núvols d'asteroides, per a maximitzar la captura de l'energia que emet, cosa que s'ha denominat esfera de Dyson. També va proposar l', una planta dissenyada genèticament per a créixer en un estel. Els estels podrien omplir l'espai buit amb una atmosfera respirable i així podrien adaptar-se hàbitats per a la humanitat en altres sistemes solars. Dyson va publicar col·leccions d'especulacions i observacions sobre la tecnologia i el futur: Mons imaginats, D'Eros a Gaia, o Pertorbant l'Univers. Des de 2003 Dyson fou president del , l'organització fundada per Gerard K. O'Neill. Estava casat amb i era pare de l'historiador de la tecnologia George Dyson. Va ser premiat amb la Medalla Max Planck el 1969. Va rebre el 2000 el per al Progrés en la Religió, perquè els seus escrits sobre el significat de la ciència i la seva relació amb altres disciplines, especialment la religió i l'ètica, han desafiat a la humanitat a conciliar la tecnologia i la justícia social. Dyson era membre de l'American Physical Society, de la National Academy of Sciences dels Estats Units i de la Royal Society de Londres. Va escriure també obres científiques per al públic en general. Infinite in All Directions (Infinit en totes direccions) (1988) és una meditació filosòfica, basada en les de Dyson sobre la Teologia Natural pronunciades en la Universitat d'Aberdeen a Escòcia. Disturbing the Universe (1979) és una galeria de retrats de gent que ha conegut durant la seva carrera com científic. Weapons and Hope (1984) és un estudi dels problemes ètics de la guerra i la pau. Origins of Life (Els orígens de la vida) (1986, 2d ed., 1999) és un estudi d'un dels principals problemes no resolts de la ciència. The Sun, the Genome and the Internet (El Sol, el Genoma i Internet) (1999) aborda la qüestió de si la tecnologia moderna podria ser utilitzada per a reduir la bretxa entre rics i pobres en lloc d'ampliar-la.
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