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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Fort_Espérance
rdf:type
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rdfs:label
Fort Espérance Fort Espérance Fort Espérance
rdfs:comment
Der Handelsposten Fort Espérance wurde 1787 von Robert Grant von der North West Company am Südufer des Qu’Appelle River im äußersten Südosten der kanadischen Provinz Saskatchewan erbaut. Es war einer der ersten Stützpunkte der Handelsgesellschaft im Assiniboine-Becken. Fort Espérance was a North West Company trading post near Rocanville, Saskatchewan from 1787 until 1819. It was moved three times and was called Fort John from 1814 to 1816. There was a competing XY Company post from 1801 to 1805 and a Hudson's Bay post nearby from 1813 to 1816. It was on the Qu'Appelle River about 20 km from that river's junction with the Assiniboine River and about 7 km west of the Manitoba border. It was on the prairie in buffalo country and was mainly used as a source of pemmican which was sent down the river to Fort Bas de la Rivière at the mouth of the Winnipeg River. Fort Espérance est un poste de traite de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest construit en 1787 sur la rive sud de la rivière Qu'Appelle, près de l'actuelle limite frontalière entre les provinces de la Saskatchewan et du Manitoba.
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Fort Espérance
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Fort Espérance
geo:lat
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dbp:built
1787
dbp:location
Qu'Appelle River, Rocanville No. 151, Saskatchewan, Canada
dbp:type
Fort
georss:point
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dbo:abstract
Der Handelsposten Fort Espérance wurde 1787 von Robert Grant von der North West Company am Südufer des Qu’Appelle River im äußersten Südosten der kanadischen Provinz Saskatchewan erbaut. Es war einer der ersten Stützpunkte der Handelsgesellschaft im Assiniboine-Becken. Das Fort diente der Versorgung mit Pemmikan für die weiter nördlich gelegenen Jagdgebiete und war zentraler Warenumschlagsplatz der North West Company. Es wurde 1810 aufgegeben, 1816 an der heutigen Stelle neu gebaut, 1819 endgültig geschlossen und durch einen Handelsposten am Assiniboine River ersetzt. Dieser befand sich rund 20 km entfernt bei Beaver Creek. 1959 wurde das Fort zur National Historic Site erklärt. Die geschützte Stätte umfasst ein Gebiet von 24,3 ha. Das Kerngebiet, die eigentliche Fundstätte, umfasst 1,4 ha. Im geschützten Gebiet finden sich drei Standorte des ehemaligen Forts, dazu kommt eine sogenannte Butchering Site, eine Stelle, an der die lokalen Indianer Bisons schlachteten, zerlegten und konservierten. An der Fundstelle des ersten Forts von 1787 hat langjährige agrarische Nutzung die Artefakte zerstört, so dass dort nur wenige Überreste gefunden wurden. Das überschwemmungsgefährdete Fort wurde 1816 an eine höhere Stelle verlegt. Dort sind schon an der Oberfläche zahlreiche Überreste, wie eingebrochene Keller oder Steinhaufen der zusammengebrochenen Kamine zu erkennen. Die Parkverwaltung veröffentlichte eine Broschüre, die über die historische Bedeutung der Stätte informiert. Darüber hinaus können sich Besucher in einem Besucherbuch eintragen. Parks Canada sorgt für regelmäßigen Grasschnitt, damit die Stätte nicht überwuchert wird. Hiermit und mit weiteren Schutzmaßnahmen soll die landschaftliche Anmutung des späten 18. und frühen 19. Jahrhunderts erhalten bleiben. Um den Besuchern einen größeren historischen Zusammenhang zu bieten, wurde ein Pfad zu zwei benachbarten, jüngeren Forts angelegt. Wie oftmals in Kanada, so gehört das persönliche Nacherleben zur historischen Erfahrung, die durch Feuerstellen, Picknickplätze und Informationstafeln zur Unterstützung eigenständiger Exploration unterstützt werden. Dazu gehören auch Warnschilder vor Bären, ebenso wie Hinweise auf bedrohte Arten. Für dieses Vorhaben wurde 2004 ein Managementplan verabschiedet. Auf dieser Grundlage werden archäologische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Fort Espérance was a North West Company trading post near Rocanville, Saskatchewan from 1787 until 1819. It was moved three times and was called Fort John from 1814 to 1816. There was a competing XY Company post from 1801 to 1805 and a Hudson's Bay post nearby from 1813 to 1816. It was on the Qu'Appelle River about 20 km from that river's junction with the Assiniboine River and about 7 km west of the Manitoba border. It was on the prairie in buffalo country and was mainly used as a source of pemmican which was sent down the river to Fort Bas de la Rivière at the mouth of the Winnipeg River. * (1787-1810) In 1787 Robert Grant of the North West Company established Fort Esperance on the south bank of the Qu'Appelle about one half mile below the mouth of Big Cut Arm Creek. It was about 150 feet square and the site was subject to flooding. Relations with the plains Indians were poor. According to a hearsay report in the journal of Alexander Henry the younger as of July 1810 it was destroyed and abandoned. * (1810-1814) A second fort was built on one of the Qu'Appelle lakes which operated for four years. During one of these years a brigade going downriver was ambushed and many of the men killed or wounded. * (1814-1816) In 1814 it was moved to the north bank of the river two miles west of Big Cut Arm Creek and was renamed Fort John. It was 100 yards away from a Hudson's Bay post (called Fort Qu'Appelle and not to be confused with Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan built in 1855) that had been established the previous year. Fort John was inside a well-built stockade of 200 by 160 feet was the NWC's headquarters for the Assiniboine region. In the autumn of 1815, when the HBC men arrived for the winter's trade they found that their post had been burnt by the NWC. A week later the NWC men arrived. They made threats against the HBC men, but chose to do nothing. The following spring, when the HBC men took their furs downriver, the NWC attacked, took the men prisoner and burned the fort. The NWC men joined Cuthbert Grant and continued downriver and captured Brandon House. This operation culminated in the Battle of Seven Oaks in June 1816. The HBC responded by building a new post called Beaver Creek House on the Assiniboine River one and a half miles above the mouth of Beaver Creek. * (1816-1819) In the same year (1816) the NWC moved its fort to a hill on the south bank of the river 300 yards west of the original site. The post was closed in 1819 and in 1821 whatever was left was taken over by the HBC's Beaver Creek House. The Fort Esperance National Historic Site located nearby (50°29′38″N 101°34′40″W / 50.49389°N 101.57778°W) was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1944. The XY post was a mile down river on the south bank. The location of the Qu'Appelle lake site is unknown. One source suggests Round Lake 35 km west. Fort Espérance est un poste de traite de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest construit en 1787 sur la rive sud de la rivière Qu'Appelle, près de l'actuelle limite frontalière entre les provinces de la Saskatchewan et du Manitoba.
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