Rotor solidity is a dimensionless quantity used in design and analysis of rotorcraft, propellers and wind turbines. Rotor solidity is a function of the aspect ratio and number of blades in the rotor and is widely used as a parameter for ensuring geometric similarity in rotorcraft experiments. It provides a measure of how close a lifting rotor system is to an ideal actuator disk in momentum theory. It also plays an important role in determining the fluid speed across the rotor disk when lift is generated and consequentially the performance of the rotor; amount of downwash around it, and noise levels the rotor generates. It is also used to compare performance characteristics between rotors of different sizes. Typical values of rotor solidity ratio for helicopters fall in the range 0.05 to 0.
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