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- The Mangakino caldera complex (other names are Mangakino volcanic center, Mangakino Caldera) is the westernmost and one of oldest extinct rhyolitic caldera volcanoes in the Taupō Volcanic Zone of New Zealand's North Island. It produced about a million years ago (1 Ma) in the Kidnappers eruption of 1,200 km3 (287.9 cu mi), the most widespread ignimbrite deposits on Earth being over 45,000 km2 (17,000 sq mi) and was closely followed in time by the smaller 200 km3 (48.0 cu mi) Rocky Hill eruption. The Kidnappers eruption had a estimated VEI of 8 and has been assigned a total eruption volume (not just tephra) of 2,760 km3 (662.2 cu mi). However this was only in its most recent caldera forming phase from 1.21 to 0.91 million years ago as it had a previous caldera generating phase from 1.62 to 1.51 million years ago. There are at least 11 major historic eruptions assigned to this complex. At least 5 of these contributed significant welded ignimbrite deposits that represent major pyroclastic events in the central North Island. The caldera can be defined by gravitational measurements as 30 km (19 mi) by 15 km (9.3 mi) and its "basement" floor is at least 4 km (2.5 mi) below the present ground surface. (en)
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- 5938 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- -38.38333333333333 175.78333333333333
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- The Mangakino caldera complex (other names are Mangakino volcanic center, Mangakino Caldera) is the westernmost and one of oldest extinct rhyolitic caldera volcanoes in the Taupō Volcanic Zone of New Zealand's North Island. It produced about a million years ago (1 Ma) in the Kidnappers eruption of 1,200 km3 (287.9 cu mi), the most widespread ignimbrite deposits on Earth being over 45,000 km2 (17,000 sq mi) and was closely followed in time by the smaller 200 km3 (48.0 cu mi) Rocky Hill eruption. The Kidnappers eruption had a estimated VEI of 8 and has been assigned a total eruption volume (not just tephra) of 2,760 km3 (662.2 cu mi). However this was only in its most recent caldera forming phase from 1.21 to 0.91 million years ago as it had a previous caldera generating phase from 1.62 to 1 (en)
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- Mangakino caldera complex (en)
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- POINT(175.7833404541 -38.383335113525)
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