John Clephane, M.D. (died 1758), was a Scottish physician. Clephane took his degree of M.D. at St. Andrews University on 29 May 1729. He acted as physician to the army in the Low Countries. He was appointed physician to St George's Hospital on 8 May 1751, and admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians on 25 June 1762. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society on 8 January 1746, but was not admitted until 4 May 1749.