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- In soil science, Horton overland flow describes the tendency of water to flow horizontally across land surfaces when rainfall has exceeded infiltration capacity and depression storage capacity. It is named after Robert E. Horton, the engineer who made the first detailed studies of the phenomenon. Paved surfaces such as asphalt, which are designed to be flat and impermeable, rapidly achieve Horton overland flow. It is shallow, sheetlike, and fast-moving, and hence capable of extensively eroding soil and bedrock. Horton overland flow is most commonly encountered in urban construction sites and unpaved rural roads, where vegetation has been stripped away, exposing bare dirt. The process also poses a significant problem in areas with steep terrain, where water can build up great speed and where soil is less stable, and in farmlands, where soil is flat and loose. (en)
- ホートン地表流（ホートンちひょうりゅう、英語: Horton overland flow）は、浸透能が降雨強度を下回ったときに、浸透できなかった水がより低い場所へ向けて地表面を流れていくのことである。浸透余剰地表流（infiltration excess overland flow）ともよばれる。 (ja)
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- ホートン地表流（ホートンちひょうりゅう、英語: Horton overland flow）は、浸透能が降雨強度を下回ったときに、浸透できなかった水がより低い場所へ向けて地表面を流れていくのことである。浸透余剰地表流（infiltration excess overland flow）ともよばれる。 (ja)
- In soil science, Horton overland flow describes the tendency of water to flow horizontally across land surfaces when rainfall has exceeded infiltration capacity and depression storage capacity. It is named after Robert E. Horton, the engineer who made the first detailed studies of the phenomenon. Paved surfaces such as asphalt, which are designed to be flat and impermeable, rapidly achieve Horton overland flow. It is shallow, sheetlike, and fast-moving, and hence capable of extensively eroding soil and bedrock. (en)
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- Horton overland flow (en)
- ホートン地表流 (ja)
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