Theodore Philes (Greek: Θεόδωρος Φιλῆς) was a Byzantine nobleman and governor of Thessalonica in the mid-13th century. Theodore is the first notable member of the . He was appointed governor of Thessalonica by the Nicaean emperor John III Vatatzes sometime between 1248 and 1252, when the previous governor, Andronikos Palaiologos, died. This post, apparently designated with the title of "praetor", entailed a very wide remit, encompassing military, fiscal and judicial authority over the lands and cities of Macedonia that were in Nicaean hands.