The Sprague family is an American business and political family in Rhode Island and Massachusetts. The family ran the largest textile firm in the United States and two of its members (William Sprague III and William Sprague IV) held the offices of Governor of Rhode Island and United States Senator. Francis Sprague, who was unrelated to Ralph, Richard, and William, settled in the Plymouth Colony in 1623. The two separate Sprague family trees converged with the marriage of Peleg Sprague, great-grandson of William Sprague, and Mercy Chandler, great-great granddaughter of Francis Sprague.