Ruben Orbeli (Armenian: Ռուբեն Աբգարի Օրբելի, Ruben Abgari Orbeli; Russian: Рубен Абгарович Орбели, Ruben Abgarovich Orbeli; 26 January (O.S. 7 February) 1880 – 9 May 1943) — a Soviet archeologist, historian and jurist, who was renowned as the founder of Soviet underwater archeology. He was the elder brother of Joseph and Leon Orbeli, and Rusadan Orbeli's father.