James Arthur "Rube" Parnham (February 1, 1894 – November 25, 1963) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the 1916 and 1917 Philadelphia Athletics. Parnham started only five games for the Athletics, completing two of them. His career record in the majors was 2–2. However, he was acquired by the International League's Baltimore Orioles during the 1917 season, and over the next 10 seasons, he would compile a 139–60 record for Jack Dunn's ballclub.