Jovan Valenta (1826 – 7 June 1887) was a doctor of medicine and surgeon in Smederevo and Belgrade, manager of a hospital in Palilula, and part-time professor of hygiene. He was also one of the early founders of the . He was a delegate from Serbia to the III International Congress of Doctors in Vienna, held in 1873, and was twice elected to the Serbian parliament. He published the book The Science of Health in 1864, which was followed by Hygiene - The Science of Health (1877) and Separate Hygiene - Dietetics (1881).