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Vitrified forts are stone enclosures whose walls have been subjected to vitrification through heat. It was long thought that these structures were unique to Scotland, but they have since been identified in several other parts of western and northern Europe. The expert consensus explains vitrified forts as the product of deliberate destruction either following the capture of the site by an enemy force or by the occupants at the end of its active life as an act of ritual closure. The process has no chronological significance and is found during both Iron Age and early medieval forts in Scotland.

AttributesValues
rdf:type
rdfs:label
  • Fuerte vitrificado (es)
  • Mur vitrifié (fr)
  • Vetrificazione dei forti (it)
  • 유리요새 (ko)
  • Витрифицированные форты (ru)
  • Vitrified fort (en)
rdfs:comment
  • La vetrificazione dei forti è un processo chimico-fisico indotto dall'alta temperatura a cui, in epoca preistorica, venivano esposti i muri in pietra delle fortificazioni sommitali europee, secondo un'usanza che si colloca nell'età del ferro nord-europea. (it)
  • 유리요새(Vitrified fort)는 서유럽 및 북유럽에서 발견되는 폐허 유적의 일종이다. 스코틀랜드에서 가장 많이 발견되어, 오랫동안 스코틀랜드 고유의 유적 양식이라고 생각되기도 했다. 하지만 체코, 프랑스, 독일, 아일랜드, 헝가리에서도 발견되었다. 대개 높은 언덕 위에 지어졌다. 벽의 높이는 유적마다 제각각이다. 이중벽이나 삼중벽을 짓기도 했고, 어떤 유적에는 성곽만 덜렁 남아있는 것도 있다. 벽을 쌓은 돌들은 서로 끈끈하게 들러붙어 있다. 여기에는 석회와 시멘트가 전혀 사용되지 않았다. 그 정체는 성곽을 쌓은 돌이 고열을 받아 녹아 유리화된 것이다. 성곽의 방어력 향상을 위해 의도적으로 유리화가 이루어졌다는 주장도 있지만, 대개의 경우 같은 유적 안에서도 유리화가 일관적으로 이루어지지 않았기 때문에 그 설은 오늘날은 대개 기각된다. 현재의 통설은 요새가 적에게 함락된 이후 약탈되는 과정에서 요새 전체에 불이 질러져서 이렇게 되었다는 것이다. (ko)
  • Витрифици́рованные фо́рты — оборонительные сооружения, каменные стены которых подвергнуты витрификации, то есть частично расплавлены, а пустоты между ними заполнены стекловидным шлаком. (ru)
  • Los fuertes vitrificados son recintos de piedra cuyos muros han sido sometidas a vitrificación por calor.​ Durante mucho tiempo se pensó que estas estructuras eran exclusivas de Escocia, pero desde entonces se han identificado en varias otras partes de Europa occidental y septentrional. (es)
  • L'expression « mur vitrifié » (ou « fort vitrifié ») désigne des vestiges archéologiques présentant des caractéristiques impliquant une chauffe à très haute température et datant d'une période comprise entre 800 et 200 ans av. J.-C. Des vestiges d'enceintes vitrifiées ont été découverts dans toute l'Europe du Nord (Îles britanniques, France, pays scandinaves, Allemagne, Hongrie) mais aussi en Europe du Sud (Portugal). Diverses théories ont été proposées pour expliquer la formation des murs vitrifiés mais aucune n'est satisfaisante. (fr)
  • Vitrified forts are stone enclosures whose walls have been subjected to vitrification through heat. It was long thought that these structures were unique to Scotland, but they have since been identified in several other parts of western and northern Europe. The expert consensus explains vitrified forts as the product of deliberate destruction either following the capture of the site by an enemy force or by the occupants at the end of its active life as an act of ritual closure. The process has no chronological significance and is found during both Iron Age and early medieval forts in Scotland. (en)
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mur_vitrifié_2.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mur_vitrifié_Ste-Suzanne.jpg
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