The United States Alien Terrorist Removal Court is a special court in the United States created in 1996 which has never conducted proceedings. It consists of five Article III judges, selected by the Chief Justice of the United States. Its job is to determine whether aliens (non-citizens) should be deported from the United States on the grounds that they are terrorists. The Court is modeled after the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and was created by Pub.L. 104–132 (text) (PDF), the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996, codified at 8 U.S.C. §§ 1531–1537.