Transcriptional noise is a primary cause of the variability (noise) in gene expression occurring between cells in isogenic populations (see also cellular noise) . A proposed source of transcriptional noise is transcriptional bursting although other sources of heterogeneity, such as unequal separation of cell contents at mitosis are also likely to contribute considerably. Bursting transcription, as opposed to simple probabilistic models of transcription, reflects multiple states of gene activity, with fluctuations between states separated by irregular intervals, generating uneven protein expression between cells. Noise in gene expression can have tremendous consequences on cell behaviour, and must be mitigated or integrated. In certain contexts, such as establishment of viral latency, the s
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| - Transcriptional noise (en)
- 轉錄噪音 (zh)
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| - 轉錄噪音（Transcriptional noise）爲近等基因細胞群體中各個細胞轉錄差異產生的主要原因（參見）。人們認爲，轉錄噪音的一個誘因爲，不過其他異質性誘因，比如細胞在有絲分裂過程中發生的不等分裂，也可能在相當程度上誘發了轉錄噪音。暴增的轉錄，和轉錄簡單的概率模型不同，反映了不定期來回波動的基因活性的多樣狀態。這在細胞之間產生了蛋白質表達的差異。基因表達的噪音對細胞行爲有着巨大的影響，而且，這種噪音不是達到協調統一的狀態，就是逐漸減弱。在某些情況下，比如微生物要在多變的環境中生存，或者於幾種散分化中，這樣的變化是不可或缺的。這樣的變化亦對臨床治療的效果產生影響，比如細菌可能因爲非遺傳學的原因對抗生素產生抗藥性。基因表達的變化亦可增強癌細胞亞群對化療的抵抗力。 (zh)
- Transcriptional noise is a primary cause of the variability (noise) in gene expression occurring between cells in isogenic populations (see also cellular noise) . A proposed source of transcriptional noise is transcriptional bursting although other sources of heterogeneity, such as unequal separation of cell contents at mitosis are also likely to contribute considerably. Bursting transcription, as opposed to simple probabilistic models of transcription, reflects multiple states of gene activity, with fluctuations between states separated by irregular intervals, generating uneven protein expression between cells. Noise in gene expression can have tremendous consequences on cell behaviour, and must be mitigated or integrated. In certain contexts, such as establishment of viral latency, the s (en)
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| - Transcriptional noise is a primary cause of the variability (noise) in gene expression occurring between cells in isogenic populations (see also cellular noise) . A proposed source of transcriptional noise is transcriptional bursting although other sources of heterogeneity, such as unequal separation of cell contents at mitosis are also likely to contribute considerably. Bursting transcription, as opposed to simple probabilistic models of transcription, reflects multiple states of gene activity, with fluctuations between states separated by irregular intervals, generating uneven protein expression between cells. Noise in gene expression can have tremendous consequences on cell behaviour, and must be mitigated or integrated. In certain contexts, such as establishment of viral latency, the survival of microbes in rapidly changing stressful environments, or several types of scattered differentiation, the variability may be essential. Variability also impacts upon the effectiveness of clinical treatment, with resistance of bacteria and yeast to antibiotics demonstrably caused by non-genetic differences. Variability in gene expression may also contribute to resistance of sub-populations of cancer cells to chemotherapy and appears to be a barrier to curing HIV. (en)
- 轉錄噪音（Transcriptional noise）爲近等基因細胞群體中各個細胞轉錄差異產生的主要原因（參見）。人們認爲，轉錄噪音的一個誘因爲，不過其他異質性誘因，比如細胞在有絲分裂過程中發生的不等分裂，也可能在相當程度上誘發了轉錄噪音。暴增的轉錄，和轉錄簡單的概率模型不同，反映了不定期來回波動的基因活性的多樣狀態。這在細胞之間產生了蛋白質表達的差異。基因表達的噪音對細胞行爲有着巨大的影響，而且，這種噪音不是達到協調統一的狀態，就是逐漸減弱。在某些情況下，比如微生物要在多變的環境中生存，或者於幾種散分化中，這樣的變化是不可或缺的。這樣的變化亦對臨床治療的效果產生影響，比如細菌可能因爲非遺傳學的原因對抗生素產生抗藥性。基因表達的變化亦可增強癌細胞亞群對化療的抵抗力。 (zh)
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