A subglacial mound (SUGM) is a type of subglacial volcano. This type of volcano forms when lava erupts beneath a thick glacier or ice sheet. The magma forming these volcanoes was not hot enough to melt a vertical pipe right through the overlying glacial ice, instead forming hyaloclastite and pillow lava deep beneath the glacial ice field. Once the glaciers had retreated, the subglacial volcano would be revealed, with a unique shape as a result of their confinement within glacial ice. They are somewhat rare worldwide, being confined to regions which were formerly covered by continental ice sheets and also had active volcanism during the same period. They are found throughout Iceland, Antarctica and the Canadian province of British Columbia.
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| - Palagonitrücken (de)
- Subglacial mound (en)
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| - Palagonitrücken und Palagonitkegel sind eine Art von subglazialen Vulkanen, die durch explosive Ausbrüche unter einem Gletscher entstehen. Die dabei ausgestoßenen Lockermassen (Tephra) erstarren sofort zu vulkanischem Glas, werden durch das reichlich vorhandene Wasser mit der Zeit in Palagonit umgewandelt und zu Tuff festgebacken. Wenn es sich um eine Spalteneruption handelt, entsteht ein langgestreckter Palagonitrücken, wenn nur ein einzelner zentraler Schlot ausbricht, kommt es zur Bildung eines Palagonitkegels. (de)
- A subglacial mound (SUGM) is a type of subglacial volcano. This type of volcano forms when lava erupts beneath a thick glacier or ice sheet. The magma forming these volcanoes was not hot enough to melt a vertical pipe right through the overlying glacial ice, instead forming hyaloclastite and pillow lava deep beneath the glacial ice field. Once the glaciers had retreated, the subglacial volcano would be revealed, with a unique shape as a result of their confinement within glacial ice. They are somewhat rare worldwide, being confined to regions which were formerly covered by continental ice sheets and also had active volcanism during the same period. They are found throughout Iceland, Antarctica and the Canadian province of British Columbia. (en)
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| - Palagonitrücken und Palagonitkegel sind eine Art von subglazialen Vulkanen, die durch explosive Ausbrüche unter einem Gletscher entstehen. Die dabei ausgestoßenen Lockermassen (Tephra) erstarren sofort zu vulkanischem Glas, werden durch das reichlich vorhandene Wasser mit der Zeit in Palagonit umgewandelt und zu Tuff festgebacken. Wenn es sich um eine Spalteneruption handelt, entsteht ein langgestreckter Palagonitrücken, wenn nur ein einzelner zentraler Schlot ausbricht, kommt es zur Bildung eines Palagonitkegels. Wenn die Vulkanbauten aus dem Gletscher, bzw. Wasser herauswachsen, kann die Lava auch effusiv ausfließen und Lavadecken bilden, die nicht mehr in Palagonit umwandelt werden. Die so entstandene Vulkanform wird Tafelvulkan oder Tuya genannt. Die meisten Palagonitrücken entstanden während der letzten oder vorletzten Eiszeit und sind heute überwiegend eisfrei. (de)
- A subglacial mound (SUGM) is a type of subglacial volcano. This type of volcano forms when lava erupts beneath a thick glacier or ice sheet. The magma forming these volcanoes was not hot enough to melt a vertical pipe right through the overlying glacial ice, instead forming hyaloclastite and pillow lava deep beneath the glacial ice field. Once the glaciers had retreated, the subglacial volcano would be revealed, with a unique shape as a result of their confinement within glacial ice. They are somewhat rare worldwide, being confined to regions which were formerly covered by continental ice sheets and also had active volcanism during the same period. They are found throughout Iceland, Antarctica and the Canadian province of British Columbia. Subglacial mounds can be mistaken for cinder cones because they may have a similar shape. An example of this confusion is Pyramid Mountain in the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field of east-central British Columbia, Canada. (en)
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