The State, County, and Municipal Workers of America (SCMWA) was an American labor union representing state, county, and local government employees. It was created by the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1937 along with United Federal Workers of America. SCMWA's leaders Abram Flaxer and Henry Wenning had been leaders of the Association of Workers of Public Relief Agencies (AWPRA) in New York City prior to the formation of SCMWA.
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| - State, County, and Municipal Workers of America (en)
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| - The State, County, and Municipal Workers of America (SCMWA) was an American labor union representing state, county, and local government employees. It was created by the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1937 along with United Federal Workers of America. SCMWA's leaders Abram Flaxer and Henry Wenning had been leaders of the Association of Workers of Public Relief Agencies (AWPRA) in New York City prior to the formation of SCMWA. (en)
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| - State, County, and Municipal Workers of America (en)
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| - State, County, and Municipal Workers of America (en)
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| - The State, County, and Municipal Workers of America (SCMWA) was an American labor union representing state, county, and local government employees. It was created by the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1937 along with United Federal Workers of America. SCMWA's leaders Abram Flaxer and Henry Wenning had been leaders of the Association of Workers of Public Relief Agencies (AWPRA) in New York City prior to the formation of SCMWA. Through informal negotiations in 1935, AWPRA persuaded the New York City Emergency Relief Board (ERB) to adopt a personnel policy that permitted union representation and granted due process protections against discipline including notice, an opportunity to be heard, and the right to appeal to a neutral board. In cases of general staff reductions, the policy all granted the right to hearing to determine allegations of discrimination because of race, creed. union activity or membership in any special group. The personnel policy was later extended to the entire New York City Welfare Department. SCMWA is sometimes confused with the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME). AFSCME was an affiliate of the American Federation of Labor, and SCMWA was formed following the creation of the CIO. At the time SCMWA was created in 1937, its policies, principles, and tactics were aimed at the establishment of appropriate negotiation procedures and the development of cooperative relationships with employers. As part of its initial policies, SCMWA rejected the use of strikes and picketing; that policy changed a few years later. SCMWA was active in many states, organizing state and local government workers decades before the enactment of public sector collective bargaining laws. SCMWA negotiated collective bargaining agreements with local public employers that provided for exclusive representation and prohibited discrimination. In 1943, SCMWA negotiated the first collective bargaining agreement for school district teachers and staff with the Board of Education of Gloucester City, New Jersey. It also negotiated some of the first contracts in higher education in the 1940s. In 1946, the CIO merged SCMWA with United Federal Workers of America to form the United Public Workers of America (UPWA). In 1950, UPWA was purged from the CIO along with other radical unions. (en)
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