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The term Parmalim or malim describes the followers of the (Ugamo Malim or Batak nation religion), the modern form of the traditional Batak religion. People who are not familiar with the Batak language may erroneously assume Parmalim is the name of the religion rather than its practitioners. The Malim religion has some similarities with Islam, including a prohibition on the consumption of pork and of blood, and the practice of wearing turbans. Modern Malim deny that these practices were derived from Islam.

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  • Ugamo Malim (in)
  • Parmalim (en)
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  • The term Parmalim or malim describes the followers of the (Ugamo Malim or Batak nation religion), the modern form of the traditional Batak religion. People who are not familiar with the Batak language may erroneously assume Parmalim is the name of the religion rather than its practitioners. The Malim religion has some similarities with Islam, including a prohibition on the consumption of pork and of blood, and the practice of wearing turbans. Modern Malim deny that these practices were derived from Islam. (en)
  • Ugamo Malim (bahasa Indonesia: Kepercayaan Malim) adalah sebuah aliran kepercayaan yang berasal dari masyarakat Batak. Para penghayat aliran kepercayaan ini disebut sebagai seorang Parmalim. Parmalim sebagian besar tersebar di Sumatra Utara, terutama di kawasan sekeliling Danau Toba, seperti Samosir, Tapanuli Utara, Toba, Humbang Hasundutan, dan Simalungun. Parmalim juga menyebar di daerah dengan populasi Batak lainnya, seperti di Tapanuli Tengah, Tapanuli Selatan, Dairi, dan Pakpak Bharat. Parmalim meyakini satu Tuhan sebagai pencipta alam semesta, disebut sebagai Mulajadi Nabolon (bahasa Indonesia: Sang Awal Penjadi Yang Agung). (in)
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  • The term Parmalim or malim describes the followers of the (Ugamo Malim or Batak nation religion), the modern form of the traditional Batak religion. People who are not familiar with the Batak language may erroneously assume Parmalim is the name of the religion rather than its practitioners. At the end of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century the Parmalim movement, which originated in Toba lands spread to other areas of the Batak lands. Especially in the lower lands, the 'dusun' the Malim religion, became very influential as an expression of anti-colonial sentiments at the turn of the 20th century. Today the majority of Parmalim are Toba Batak. The largest of the several existing Parmalim groups has its centre in Huta Tinggi in the vicinity of on the south shore of Lake Toba. The Malim religion has some similarities with Islam, including a prohibition on the consumption of pork and of blood, and the practice of wearing turbans. Modern Malim deny that these practices were derived from Islam. One of the first leaders of the Parmalim movement was Raja Mulia Naipospos. Modern Parmalim trace their heritage to Sisingamangaraja XII, a Batak leader in the fight against the Dutch, whose spirit is still alive in his successors. According to Raja Marnakkok Naipospos, a modern Parmalim leader, the faith has often be slandered as devil worship 'Campaigns branding Parmalim as devil worshippers still exist today', he said, 'Batak not familiar with Malim regard it as a heresy. But in fact, Malim recognizes the existence of the one and only Almighty God'. (Mula Jadi Na Bolon in Batak mythology). (en)
  • Ugamo Malim (bahasa Indonesia: Kepercayaan Malim) adalah sebuah aliran kepercayaan yang berasal dari masyarakat Batak. Para penghayat aliran kepercayaan ini disebut sebagai seorang Parmalim. Parmalim sebagian besar tersebar di Sumatra Utara, terutama di kawasan sekeliling Danau Toba, seperti Samosir, Tapanuli Utara, Toba, Humbang Hasundutan, dan Simalungun. Parmalim juga menyebar di daerah dengan populasi Batak lainnya, seperti di Tapanuli Tengah, Tapanuli Selatan, Dairi, dan Pakpak Bharat. Parmalim meyakini satu Tuhan sebagai pencipta alam semesta, disebut sebagai Mulajadi Nabolon (bahasa Indonesia: Sang Awal Penjadi Yang Agung). Ugamo Malim merupakan kelanjutan sistem religi kuno yang telah lebih dahulu dianut oleh masyarakat Batak jauh sebelum masuknya agama Protestan, Islam, dan Katolik. Sistem religi kuno tersebut melekat dalam tata kehidupan masyarakatnya tanpa label "agama" layaknya agama-agama terorganisasi lainnya di dunia. Munculnya proses revitalisasi Ugamo Malim pada masa kepemimpinan Sisingamangaraja XII tidak terlepas dari konteks sosial, ekonomi, dan politik yang sedang bergejolak pada masa itu. Melihat besarnya pengaruh agama dan budaya lain yang mengguncang, Sisingamangaraja XII mengambil langkah menyelamatkan sistem religi Batak dengan cara melembagakannya dan memberi nama Ugamo Malim. (in)
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