An optionally piloted vehicle (OPV) is a hybrid between a conventional piloted aircraft and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Able to fly with or without a human crew on board the aircraft, OPVs are a low-cost alternative to UAVs in research, experimentation, and concept exploration, but may also become used in mainstream operations as familiarity with them increases. Unimpeded by a human's physiological limitations, an OPV is able to operate under more adverse conditions and/or for greater endurance times. Retaining on-board controls, the OPV can operate as a conventional aircraft during missions for which direct human control is preferred or desired as an immediate option.
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| - Optionally Piloted Vehicle (de)
- Vehículo pilotado opcionalmente (es)
- Optionally piloted vehicle (en)
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| - Als Optionally Piloted Vehicle (OPV) werden Luftfahrzeuge bezeichnet, die sowohl bemannt mit Pilot als auch unbemannt fliegen können. Als Alternative zu reinen bemannten oder unbemannten Flugzeugen können derartige Fluggeräte abhängig von der Mission konfiguriert werden. Wenn z. B. die Fähigkeiten eines menschlichen Piloten erforderlich sind, kann das Flugzeug bemannt betrieben werden, während z. B. für lange, eintönige Missionen keine Besatzung erforderlich ist. Beispiele für Optionally Piloted Aircraft sind: (de)
- Un vehículo pilotado opcionalmente u OPV (por las siglas del inglés Optionally Piloted Vehicle) es una aeronave que se puede configurar según su misión de tal forma que puede volar tanto tripulada, con piloto humano, como no tripulada. Un OPV es por lo tanto un híbrido entre los aviones pilotados convencionales y los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV). (es)
- An optionally piloted vehicle (OPV) is a hybrid between a conventional piloted aircraft and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Able to fly with or without a human crew on board the aircraft, OPVs are a low-cost alternative to UAVs in research, experimentation, and concept exploration, but may also become used in mainstream operations as familiarity with them increases. Unimpeded by a human's physiological limitations, an OPV is able to operate under more adverse conditions and/or for greater endurance times. Retaining on-board controls, the OPV can operate as a conventional aircraft during missions for which direct human control is preferred or desired as an immediate option. (en)
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| - Als Optionally Piloted Vehicle (OPV) werden Luftfahrzeuge bezeichnet, die sowohl bemannt mit Pilot als auch unbemannt fliegen können. Als Alternative zu reinen bemannten oder unbemannten Flugzeugen können derartige Fluggeräte abhängig von der Mission konfiguriert werden. Wenn z. B. die Fähigkeiten eines menschlichen Piloten erforderlich sind, kann das Flugzeug bemannt betrieben werden, während z. B. für lange, eintönige Missionen keine Besatzung erforderlich ist. Beispiele für Optionally Piloted Aircraft sind:
* Aurora Centaur
* Aeronautics Dominator
* Stemme S15
* Sikorsky UH-60
* Northrop Grumman Firebird
* Kaman K-MAX
* Next Generation Air Dominance Fighter
* Diamond DA42 (de)
- Un vehículo pilotado opcionalmente u OPV (por las siglas del inglés Optionally Piloted Vehicle) es una aeronave que se puede configurar según su misión de tal forma que puede volar tanto tripulada, con piloto humano, como no tripulada. Un OPV es por lo tanto un híbrido entre los aviones pilotados convencionales y los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV). Capaz de volar con o sin tripulación humana a bordo de la aeronave, los OPV son una alternativa de bajo-coste a los UAV en investigación, experimentación, y exploración de conceptos, pero también pueden ser utilizados en tareas más populares a medida que su familiaridad aumenta. Sin las limitaciones fisiológicas de un humano, un OPV es capaz de operar bajo condiciones más adversas y/o durante más tiempo. Al conservar el tablero de control a bordo, el OPV puede operar como aeronave convencional en aquellas misiones en las que se prefiera el control humano directo como una opción inmediata. (es)
- An optionally piloted vehicle (OPV) is a hybrid between a conventional piloted aircraft and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Able to fly with or without a human crew on board the aircraft, OPVs are a low-cost alternative to UAVs in research, experimentation, and concept exploration, but may also become used in mainstream operations as familiarity with them increases. Unimpeded by a human's physiological limitations, an OPV is able to operate under more adverse conditions and/or for greater endurance times. Retaining on-board controls, the OPV can operate as a conventional aircraft during missions for which direct human control is preferred or desired as an immediate option. The US Naval Postgraduate School Center for Interdisciplinary Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Studies (CIRPAS) in Monterey, California operates a highly modified Cessna 337-O2 Skymaster OPV called Pelican. The OPV provides a low-risk, low-cost test and evaluation alternative to a Predator UAV. The Pelican has also provided UAV support to military exercises which otherwise would not have had access to a real UAV due to cost, availability, or FAA restrictions. The Northrop Grumman Firebird is classified as an OPV. The National Test Pilot School certified an extensively modified Cessna 150 as an Optionally Piloted Aircraft for use as a training device to aid instruction of flight testing unmanned systems. Additionally, Autonodyne has operated an OPV Cessna 182 since 2018, which uses their onboard Avidyne Corporation to be piloted from the Autonodyne ground control software, relay communications between Air Traffic Control and the ground pilot, and autonomously detect and avoid hazardous traffic via wing-mounted cameras. (en)
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