Multiple loci VNTR analysis (MLVA) is a method employed for the genetic analysis of particular microorganisms, such as pathogenic bacteria, that takes advantage of the polymorphism of tandemly repeated DNA sequences. A "VNTR" is a "variable-number tandem repeat". This method is well known in forensic science since it is the basis of DNA fingerprinting in humans. When applied to bacteria, it contributes to through which the source of a particular strain might eventually be traced back, making it a useful technique for outbreak surveillance. In a typical MLVA, a number of well-selected and characterised (in terms of mutation rate and diversity) loci are amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), so that the size of each locus can be measured, usually by electrophoresis of the amplificati
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| - MLVA (fr)
- Multiple loci VNTR analysis (en)
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| - Multiple loci VNTR analysis (MLVA) is a method employed for the genetic analysis of particular microorganisms, such as pathogenic bacteria, that takes advantage of the polymorphism of tandemly repeated DNA sequences. A "VNTR" is a "variable-number tandem repeat". This method is well known in forensic science since it is the basis of DNA fingerprinting in humans. When applied to bacteria, it contributes to through which the source of a particular strain might eventually be traced back, making it a useful technique for outbreak surveillance. In a typical MLVA, a number of well-selected and characterised (in terms of mutation rate and diversity) loci are amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), so that the size of each locus can be measured, usually by electrophoresis of the amplificati (en)
- MLVA est l'acronyme pour Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis ou analyse de plusieurs locus VNTR. VNTR est lui-même l'acronyme de Répétition en tandem à nombre variable (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats). Il s'agit d'une méthode d'analyse génétique qui exploite comme source de polymorphisme la variation du nombre de motifs dans des répétitions en tandem. Ce type d'analyse est bien connu en médecine légale puisque c'est ainsi que les « empreintes génétiques » sont réalisées. Le terme « MLVA » est plus particulièrement utilisé dans le cadre du typage de bactéries. L'amplification d'une collection définie de locus répétés en tandem (par PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction) et la mesure de la taille de ces amplicons permet d'assigner à une souche une série de nombres correspondant au nombre d'unités répété (fr)
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| - Multiple loci VNTR analysis (MLVA) is a method employed for the genetic analysis of particular microorganisms, such as pathogenic bacteria, that takes advantage of the polymorphism of tandemly repeated DNA sequences. A "VNTR" is a "variable-number tandem repeat". This method is well known in forensic science since it is the basis of DNA fingerprinting in humans. When applied to bacteria, it contributes to through which the source of a particular strain might eventually be traced back, making it a useful technique for outbreak surveillance. In a typical MLVA, a number of well-selected and characterised (in terms of mutation rate and diversity) loci are amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), so that the size of each locus can be measured, usually by electrophoresis of the amplification products together with reference DNA fragments (a so-called DNA size marker). Different electrophoresis equipment can be used depending on the required size estimate accuracy, and the local laboratory set-up, from basic agarose gel electrophoresis up to the more sophisticated and high-throughput capillary electrophoresis devices. From this size estimate, the number of repeat units at each locus can be deduced. The resulting information is a code which can be easily compared to reference databases once the assay has been harmonised and standardised. MLVA has become a major first line typing tool in a number of pathogens where such an harmonisation could be achieved, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus anthracis, Brucella. (en)
- MLVA est l'acronyme pour Multiple Loci VNTR Analysis ou analyse de plusieurs locus VNTR. VNTR est lui-même l'acronyme de Répétition en tandem à nombre variable (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats). Il s'agit d'une méthode d'analyse génétique qui exploite comme source de polymorphisme la variation du nombre de motifs dans des répétitions en tandem. Ce type d'analyse est bien connu en médecine légale puisque c'est ainsi que les « empreintes génétiques » sont réalisées. Le terme « MLVA » est plus particulièrement utilisé dans le cadre du typage de bactéries. L'amplification d'une collection définie de locus répétés en tandem (par PCR, Polymerase Chain Reaction) et la mesure de la taille de ces amplicons permet d'assigner à une souche une série de nombres correspondant au nombre d'unités répétées à chaque locus.
* Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire (fr)
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