About: Marker-assisted selection

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Marker assisted selection or marker aided selection (MAS) is an indirect selection process where a trait of interest is selected based on a marker (morphological, biochemical or DNA/RNA variation) linked to a trait of interest (e.g. productivity, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and quality), rather than on the trait itself. This process has been extensively researched and proposed for plant and animal breeding.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Election
rdfs:label	الاختيار بمساعدة علامة (ar) Selecció assistida per marcadors moleculars (ca) Pemuliaan dengan penanda (in) Sélection assistée par marqueurs (fr) Selezione assistita da marcatori (it) Marker-assisted selection (en)
rdfs:comment	Pemuliaan dengan penanda (marker-assisted breeding, MAB) atau seleksi dengan penanda (marker-assisted atau marker-aided selection, MAS) adalah pelaksanaan seleksi yang menggunakan penanda secara tidak langsung terhadap sifat/karakteristik sasaran dalam prgram pemuliaan. Dalam pemuliaan dengan penanda, praktis penanda yang digunakan adalah penanda genetik karena tersedia melimpah dan dapat mencakup seluruh genom. Pemuliaan dengan penanda adalah salah satu bentuk penerapan bioteknologi pertanian dalam pemuliaan tanaman maupun ternak. (in) الاختيار بمساعدة علامة (MAS) هو عملية اختيار غير مباشرة بحيث يتم تحديد سمة ذات فائدة بناء على علامة (شكلية، بيوكيمياء أو جينية) مرتبطة بتلك السمة (على سبيل المثال الإنتاجية، مقاومة الأمراض، مقاومة الضغوطات الغير حيوية والجودة)، وليس على السمة نفسها. وقد تم بحث هذه العملية على نطاق واسع واقترحت لتربية النبات والحيوان، ومع ذلك، ففي عام 2012، «برامج التربية على أساس علامات الحمض النووي لتحسين الصفات الكمية في النباتات نادرة». على سبيل المثال، استخدام الاختيار بمساعدة علامة لتحديد الأفراد الذين يمتلكون مقاومة للمرض يبنى على تحديد الجين العلامة الذي يرتبط مع مقاومة المرض بدلا من مستوى مقاومة المرض. (ar) La selecció assistida per marcadors (MAS: marker assisted selection) és una selecció indirecta en el qual un caràcter d'interès és seleccionat en funció d'un marcador (morfològic, bioquímic o de DNA/RNA) que es troba lligat al caràcter d'interès (productivitat, resistència a malalties i plagues, qualitat, estressos biòtics, etc.).Aquest mètode ha estat utilitzat extensivament en programes de millora genètica de plantes i animals.Per exemple, el MAS ha permès seleccionar individus amb resistència a alguna malaltia identificant al·lels associats a marcadors, cosa que estalvia les inoculacions amb el patogen per a seleccionar plantes resistents a la malaltia. La hipòtesi d'aquesta aproximació és que el marcador s'associa amb alta freqüència amb el gen o el locus del tret quantitatiu (QTL: qua (ca) Marker assisted selection or marker aided selection (MAS) is an indirect selection process where a trait of interest is selected based on a marker (morphological, biochemical or DNA/RNA variation) linked to a trait of interest (e.g. productivity, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and quality), rather than on the trait itself. This process has been extensively researched and proposed for plant and animal breeding. (en) La sélection assistée par marqueurs est une méthode de sélection des animaux d'élevage ou des végétaux qui s'appuie sur la recherche de marqueurs moléculaires associés à des gènes d’intérêts. Elle consiste à repérer des marqueurs dont la présence chez un individu peut être associé à la présence d'un gène (fort déséquilibre de liaison). Ces gènes permettent ensuite de faciliter la pratique des rétrocroisements, de mieux connaître le potentiel génétique de l'individu (prédit par exemple par un modèle de sélection génomique) ou encore de mieux prédire le résultat d'un croisement. Les marqueurs les plus couramment utilisés sont les SNPs et dans une moindre mesure, les SSRs. (fr) La selezione assistita da marcatori, nota anche come MAS (dall'inglese Marker Assisted Selection), è una tecnica di selezione genetica applicata alle piante e agli animali che permette di migliorare caratteri d'interesse (produttività, resistenza a stress abiotici e biotici), attraverso l'impiego di marcatori morfologici, biochimici e genetici. Spesso questi caratteri sono determinati da aree del genoma dette QTL (quantitative trait loci), la cui mappatura e caratterizzazione rappresenta il maggior ostacolo nella MAS. Di grande importanza è anche la scelta dei marcatori più adatti, che andranno selezionati in base a precisi requisiti. Tale tecnica è diversa dalla Transgenesi, che porta alla produzione di Organismi Geneticamente Modificati. La MAS non fornisce prodotti nel cui genoma sono s (it)
dcterms:subject	Genetics
Wikipage page ID	11406702 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1101841526 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Amplified fragment length polymorphism Epistasis Allele Homozygous Phaseolus vulgaris DNA Doubled haploidy Durum Gene mapping Gene pyramiding Genetic linkage Genetic marker Genetic recombination Genomics of domestication Genotyping Nested association mapping Quantitative trait locus Ganciclovir Gene Molecular breeding Morphology (biology) Labor burden Maize Pea Thymidine kinase Triticum Meat industry Locus (genetics) Cytology Barley Centimorgan Chromatin Biochemical History of plant breeding Isozyme Protein RNA Random amplification of polymorphic DNA Rice Heterozygous Backcrossing Genetics Heritability Tomato Association mapping Awn (botany) Polymorphism (biology) Cytological Microsatellites Chromosomal Plant breeding Selective breeding Smart breeding Biological marker Short tandem repeat F1 hybrid Pleiotropy Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of reproduction Restriction fragment length polymorphism Triticum aestivum Chromosome band Trait (biology) Phenotyping Family based QTL mapping Crop breeding QTL mapping Single nucleotide polymorphism dbr:Crossed_(breeding) dbr:Heterozygous_positive
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://web.archive.org/web/20150918103054/http:/www.extension.org/plant_breeding_genomics http://144.16.79.155/currsci/sep102004/607.pdf
sameAs	Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection Marker-assisted selection
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Cite_journal dbt:Dead_link

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