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Local tangent plane coordinates (LTP), also known as local ellipsoidal system, local geodetic coordinate system, or local vertical, local horizontal coordinates (LVLH), are a spatial reference system based on the tangent plane defined by the local vertical direction and the Earth's axis of rotation.It consists of three coordinates: one represents the position along the northern axis, one along the local eastern axis, and one represents the vertical position. Two right-handed variants exist: east, north, up (ENU) coordinates and north, east, down (NED) coordinates.They serve for representing state vectors that are commonly used in aviation and marine cybernetics.

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  • Local tangent plane coordinates (en)
  • NED座標 (ja)
  • 大地坐标系 (zh)
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  • Local tangent plane coordinates (LTP), also known as local ellipsoidal system, local geodetic coordinate system, or local vertical, local horizontal coordinates (LVLH), are a spatial reference system based on the tangent plane defined by the local vertical direction and the Earth's axis of rotation.It consists of three coordinates: one represents the position along the northern axis, one along the local eastern axis, and one represents the vertical position. Two right-handed variants exist: east, north, up (ENU) coordinates and north, east, down (NED) coordinates.They serve for representing state vectors that are commonly used in aviation and marine cybernetics. (en)
  • NED座標（NEDざひょう）とは、North-East-Down（北-東-下)の三方向を正とする三次元の座標系のこと。局地水平座標系とも呼ばれる。 (ja)
  • 大地坐标系是由大地经度和大地纬度构成的坐标系。 由右图所示，P点的NPS与起始子午面NGS所构成的二面角L，叫做P点的大地经度，由起始子午面起算，向东为正，叫东经（0度～180度），向西为负，叫西经（0度～180度）。P点的法线Pn与赤道面的夹角B，叫做P点的大地纬度，由赤道面起算，向北为正，叫北纬（0度～90度），向南为负，叫南纬（0度～90度）。在该坐标系中，P点的位置用L，B表示，如果点不在椭球面上，表示点的位置除L，B外，还要附加另一个参数——大地高H。 * 大地坐标系和子午面直角坐标系的关系： * * * 式中，a为地球椭球的长半轴，e为地球椭球的第一偏心率 ，B为大地纬度。 * 大地坐标系和空间直角坐标系的关系： * * * * e'为椭圆的第二偏心率 ，B为大地纬度，L为大地经度，a、b为地球椭球的长、短半轴。 (zh)
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  • Local tangent plane coordinates (LTP), also known as local ellipsoidal system, local geodetic coordinate system, or local vertical, local horizontal coordinates (LVLH), are a spatial reference system based on the tangent plane defined by the local vertical direction and the Earth's axis of rotation.It consists of three coordinates: one represents the position along the northern axis, one along the local eastern axis, and one represents the vertical position. Two right-handed variants exist: east, north, up (ENU) coordinates and north, east, down (NED) coordinates.They serve for representing state vectors that are commonly used in aviation and marine cybernetics. (en)
  • NED座標（NEDざひょう）とは、North-East-Down（北-東-下)の三方向を正とする三次元の座標系のこと。局地水平座標系とも呼ばれる。 (ja)
  • 大地坐标系是由大地经度和大地纬度构成的坐标系。 由右图所示，P点的NPS与起始子午面NGS所构成的二面角L，叫做P点的大地经度，由起始子午面起算，向东为正，叫东经（0度～180度），向西为负，叫西经（0度～180度）。P点的法线Pn与赤道面的夹角B，叫做P点的大地纬度，由赤道面起算，向北为正，叫北纬（0度～90度），向南为负，叫南纬（0度～90度）。在该坐标系中，P点的位置用L，B表示，如果点不在椭球面上，表示点的位置除L，B外，还要附加另一个参数——大地高H。 * 大地坐标系和子午面直角坐标系的关系： * * * 式中，a为地球椭球的长半轴，e为地球椭球的第一偏心率 ，B为大地纬度。 * 大地坐标系和空间直角坐标系的关系： * * * * e'为椭圆的第二偏心率 ，B为大地纬度，L为大地经度，a、b为地球椭球的长、短半轴。 (zh)
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