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Kōdan (講談, formerly known as kōshaku (講釈)) is a style of traditional oral Japanese storytelling. The form evolved out of lectures on historical or literary topics given to high-ranking nobles of the Heian period, changing over the centuries to be adopted by the general samurai class and eventually by commoners, and eventually, by the end of the Edo period, declining in favor of new types of entertainment and storytelling such as naniwa-bushi. It was at this time that the term kōshaku was abandoned and kōdan adopted. Today, after a failed attempt to revive the art in 1974, there are four schools of kōdan and only a very few performers between them. The three traditional classifications of kōdan are Gundan, Gokirokumono, and Sewamono; meaning war stories, true stories, and contemporary stori

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  • Kōdan (es)
  • Kōdan (fr)
  • Kōdan (en)
  • 講談 (ja)
  • Кодан (искусство) (ru)
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  • Un kōdan (講談), auparavant aussi appelé kōshaku (講釈), est un style traditionnel japonais de conte oral. (fr)
  • 講談(こうだん)とは、日本の伝統芸能のひとつ。 演者は高座におかれた釈台(しゃくだい)と呼ばれる小さな机の前に座り、張り扇(はりおうぎ)でそれを叩いて調子を取りつつ、軍記物(軍記読み)やなど主に歴史にちなんだ読み物を、観衆に対して読み上げる。 (ja)
  • Kōdan (講談 Kōdan?), anteriormente conocido como kōshaku (講釈 kōshaku?), es un estilo de narración oral tradicional japonesa. La forma evolucionó a partir de conferencias sobre temas históricos o literarios dadas a nobles de alto rango del período Heian, cambiando a lo largo de los siglos para ser adoptada por la clase samurái y, finalmente, por los plebeyos. Al final del período Edo este estilo decayó a favor de nuevos tipos de entretenimiento y narración de historias como naniwa-bushi. Fue en este momento cuando se abandonó el término kōshaku y se adoptó kōdan. En 1974 hubo un intento fallido de revivir este arte. Actualmente existen cuatro escuelas de kōdan, contando con pocos artistas. (es)
  • Kōdan (講談, formerly known as kōshaku (講釈)) is a style of traditional oral Japanese storytelling. The form evolved out of lectures on historical or literary topics given to high-ranking nobles of the Heian period, changing over the centuries to be adopted by the general samurai class and eventually by commoners, and eventually, by the end of the Edo period, declining in favor of new types of entertainment and storytelling such as naniwa-bushi. It was at this time that the term kōshaku was abandoned and kōdan adopted. Today, after a failed attempt to revive the art in 1974, there are four schools of kōdan and only a very few performers between them. The three traditional classifications of kōdan are Gundan, Gokirokumono, and Sewamono; meaning war stories, true stories, and contemporary stori (en)
  • Кодан (яп. 講談 ко:дан), дословно «справедливый» или «точный», ранее известный как косяку (яп. 講釈 ко:сяку) — традиционный японский жанр исполнительского искусства, представляющий собой устное повествование, преимущественно на исторические или нравоучительные темы. Кодан развился из устных рассказов на исторические и литературные темы, которые проводились для высокопоставленных вельмож в период Хэйан. Популярность кодана угасла в период Эдо. В 1974 году была предпринята попытка возродить искусство кодана, с целью сохранения культурного наследия. В современной Японии существуют четыре школы кодана и официальные ассоциации, объединяющие исполнителей. Основные среди них «Ассоциация кодана» и «Японская ассоциация кодана», однако, существуют и региональные — «Осакская ассоциация кодана». Но общее (ru)
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  • Un kōdan (講談), auparavant aussi appelé kōshaku (講釈), est un style traditionnel japonais de conte oral. (fr)
  • Kōdan (講談 Kōdan?), anteriormente conocido como kōshaku (講釈 kōshaku?), es un estilo de narración oral tradicional japonesa. La forma evolucionó a partir de conferencias sobre temas históricos o literarios dadas a nobles de alto rango del período Heian, cambiando a lo largo de los siglos para ser adoptada por la clase samurái y, finalmente, por los plebeyos. Al final del período Edo este estilo decayó a favor de nuevos tipos de entretenimiento y narración de historias como naniwa-bushi. Fue en este momento cuando se abandonó el término kōshaku y se adoptó kōdan. En 1974 hubo un intento fallido de revivir este arte. Actualmente existen cuatro escuelas de kōdan, contando con pocos artistas. El kōdan generalmente se realiza sentado detrás de un escritorio o atril, se usan o un abanico para marcar el ritmo de la recitación. Durante el período Muromachi (1333-1568), la clase samurái adoptó y revivió el estilo para fines educativos. Se organizaron lecturas dramáticas de crónicas históricas de guerra (gunki monogatari) como Taiheiki y Heike Monogatari. Al comienzo del período Edo en 1600, el kōdan se había desarrollado más y se había extendido hasta convertirlo en una práctica común. Los samuráis sin maestro (rōnin) a menudo se entretenían a sí mismos realizando lecturas dramáticas de Taiheiki u otras crónicas y cuentos. Fue en este momento que el estilo se expandió para incluir no solo las crónicas clásicas estándar, sino que también los eventos históricos generales, que no estaban codificados en una forma escrita establecida. Los kōshakushi del período Edo se enorgullecían de su conocimiento de la historia y contaban historias tanto contemporáneas como históricas; no memorizaban las palabras y frases precisas de una historia, sino los detalles de los eventos, que luego podrían formarse en una historia, las cuales eran un poco diferentes cada vez que se contaban. Pronto las historias empezaron a centrarse no en los samuráis y los nobles, sino en la gente del pueblo, los ladrones y los vigilantes; los narradores se adaptaron a sus propios gustos, a sus propios conocimientos y al de su público, que era cada vez más gente del pueblo y no nobleza. En 1700, Nawa Seizaemon narró el Taiheiki-ba en Akasaka, Edo (actualmente Tokio), convirtiéndose en el primer kōshakushi profesional. El Kōdan se mantuvo vivo durante muchos años, ganando mayor popularidad después de la Restauración Meiji (1868), que, siendo un evento bastante importante, proporcionó a los artistas mucho material nuevo. En un momento, hubo 50 salas de espectáculos en Tokio dedicadas principal o exclusivamente al kōdan. Al comienzo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, bajó su número a seis o siete. Aunque la llegada de películas, discos y otras formas de entretenimiento eclipsó al kōdan a principios del siglo XX, el estilo contribuyó en gran medida al teatro japonés y al desarrollo de la novela de ficción popular moderna en Japón. (es)
  • Kōdan (講談, formerly known as kōshaku (講釈)) is a style of traditional oral Japanese storytelling. The form evolved out of lectures on historical or literary topics given to high-ranking nobles of the Heian period, changing over the centuries to be adopted by the general samurai class and eventually by commoners, and eventually, by the end of the Edo period, declining in favor of new types of entertainment and storytelling such as naniwa-bushi. It was at this time that the term kōshaku was abandoned and kōdan adopted. Today, after a failed attempt to revive the art in 1974, there are four schools of kōdan and only a very few performers between them. The three traditional classifications of kōdan are Gundan, Gokirokumono, and Sewamono; meaning war stories, true stories, and contemporary stories respectively. Kōdan is usually performed sitting behind a desk or lectern, and using wooden clappers or a fan to mark the rhythm of the recitation. The original kōdan performances were recitations of Buddhist scriptures or Shinto texts, as well as other classical literatures. Performances were originally given to a mainly aristocratic audience. During the Muromachi period (1333–1568), the form was adopted or revived by the general samurai class for educational purposes. Performances during this time were called Zashikigōshaku (Kōshaku in a room) and were performed in the homes of Daimyō. Instead of the traditional Buddhist or Shinto texts, the works read in this period were the war stories of the 12th century such as the Taiheiki, Heike Monogatari, and Genpeiseisuiki. By the beginning of the Edo period in 1600, the form had developed even further and spread to become even more commonplace. Masterless samurai (rōnin) would often support themselves by performing dramatic readings of Taiheiki or other chronicles and tales. It was at this time that the form expanded to include not just the classic standard chronicles but general historical events as well, which were not codified into a set written form. Where readers of the Heian period read directly from classical texts, kōshakushi of the Edo period prided themselves on their knowledge of history and told stories both contemporary and historical. They memorized not the precise words and phrases of a story, but the details of the events themselves, which could then be formed into a story, somewhat different each time it is told. Soon the stories began to center not around samurai and nobles, but around townsfolk, thieves, and vigilantes; the storytellers adapted to their own tastes, their own knowledge, and that of their audience, which was increasingly townsfolk and not nobility. Not many notable practitioners are known, but an important one was Amakasu Hōin. Amakasu founded the Taiheikiba (Place where the Taiheiki is recited) at the end of the 17th century, as well as being known to perform for Tokugawa Ieyasu. Another important Kōdan storyteller was Fukai Shidōken, who lived during the early 18th century. Fukai’s style of Kōdan was more comedic and ironic, which contrasted to other contemporaneous practitioners who were more serious. In 1700, a man by the name of Nawa Seizaemon opened the Taiheiki-ba in the Akasaka section of Edo (now Tokyo), becoming the first professional kōshakushi. Kōdan remained strong for many years, and gained a new popularity after the Meiji Restoration (1868), which, being a quite major event, supplied the performers with much new material. At one point, there were fifty performance halls in Tokyo devoted primarily or exclusively to kōdan. By the beginning of World War II, there were still six or seven. Though the arrival of movies, records, and other forms of entertainment eclipsed kōdan in the early 20th century, the art form contributed heavily to various forms of Japanese theater and to the development in Japan of the modern popular fiction novel. (en)
  • 講談(こうだん)とは、日本の伝統芸能のひとつ。 演者は高座におかれた釈台(しゃくだい)と呼ばれる小さな机の前に座り、張り扇(はりおうぎ)でそれを叩いて調子を取りつつ、軍記物(軍記読み)やなど主に歴史にちなんだ読み物を、観衆に対して読み上げる。 (ja)
  • Кодан (яп. 講談 ко:дан), дословно «справедливый» или «точный», ранее известный как косяку (яп. 講釈 ко:сяку) — традиционный японский жанр исполнительского искусства, представляющий собой устное повествование, преимущественно на исторические или нравоучительные темы. Кодан развился из устных рассказов на исторические и литературные темы, которые проводились для высокопоставленных вельмож в период Хэйан. Популярность кодана угасла в период Эдо. В 1974 году была предпринята попытка возродить искусство кодана, с целью сохранения культурного наследия. В современной Японии существуют четыре школы кодана и официальные ассоциации, объединяющие исполнителей. Основные среди них «Ассоциация кодана» и «Японская ассоциация кодана», однако, существуют и региональные — «Осакская ассоциация кодана». Но общее количество участников мало. (ru)
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