James Edwin Robertson (October 8, 1840 – October 30, 1915) was a Canadian physician and politician. Born in , the son of Peter Robertson and Annie McFarlane, Robertson was educated at McGill University where he graduated with honours in 1865, after which he located in Montague, Prince Edward Island where he has worked up a large practice. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for King's County in the 1882 election.