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Fragmentology is the study of surviving fragments of manuscripts (mainly manuscripts from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance in the case of European manuscript cultures). A manuscript fragment may consist of whole or partial leaves, typically made of parchment, conjugate pairs or sometimes gatherings of a parchment book or codex, or parts of single-leaf documents such as notarial acts. They are commonly found in book bindings, especially printed books from the 15th to the 17th centuries, used in a variety of ways such as wrappers or covers for the book, as endpapers, or cut into pieces and used to reinforce the binding. In other non-Western manuscript cultures, fragments of paper manuscripts and other materials, takes place beside parchment, including board covers that many times reused w

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  • ترميم المخطوطات (ar)
  • Fragmentology (manuscripts) (en)
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  • هي عملية استعادة المخطوطات التي تضررت بفعل عوامل الإتلاف التي مست المخطوطات في أحد الجوانب الرئيسة مثل الورق أو الكعب أو الغلاف. وقد يكون الترميم كليا إذا تضررت المخطوطة في كافة أجزائها، أو جزئيا إذا اقتصر الضرر على جوانب دون أخرى. وينطوي الترميم على عمليات التعقيم والتعويض والتدعيم، وتأتي عملية الحفظ كآخر عملية تخضع لها المخطوطات للإبقاء أحيانا على المستوى الذي بلغه تضرر المخطوطات (وضوح الحبر، جودة الخيوط، مرونة الورق والجلد) أو حفظها من التدهور التدريجي الذي يمكن أن يضر بمجمل المخطوطة بعد ترميمها. * بوابة كتب (ar)
  • Fragmentology is the study of surviving fragments of manuscripts (mainly manuscripts from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance in the case of European manuscript cultures). A manuscript fragment may consist of whole or partial leaves, typically made of parchment, conjugate pairs or sometimes gatherings of a parchment book or codex, or parts of single-leaf documents such as notarial acts. They are commonly found in book bindings, especially printed books from the 15th to the 17th centuries, used in a variety of ways such as wrappers or covers for the book, as endpapers, or cut into pieces and used to reinforce the binding. In other non-Western manuscript cultures, fragments of paper manuscripts and other materials, takes place beside parchment, including board covers that many times reused w (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Berlin_heliand.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/13th_century_cut_out.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/14th_century_manuscript_leaf_used_for_bookbinding.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flickr_-_Yale_Law_Library_-_AL_141_H7_B22_-1580-1.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flickr_-_Yale_Law_Library_-_RB_Y32_Hvi_-1500-2.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flickr_-_Yale_Law_Library_-_RL_46_L309s-2.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flickr_-_Yale_Law_Library_-_RL_46_R833-1.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MS_Lat_171.jpg
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  • هي عملية استعادة المخطوطات التي تضررت بفعل عوامل الإتلاف التي مست المخطوطات في أحد الجوانب الرئيسة مثل الورق أو الكعب أو الغلاف. وقد يكون الترميم كليا إذا تضررت المخطوطة في كافة أجزائها، أو جزئيا إذا اقتصر الضرر على جوانب دون أخرى. وينطوي الترميم على عمليات التعقيم والتعويض والتدعيم، وتأتي عملية الحفظ كآخر عملية تخضع لها المخطوطات للإبقاء أحيانا على المستوى الذي بلغه تضرر المخطوطات (وضوح الحبر، جودة الخيوط، مرونة الورق والجلد) أو حفظها من التدهور التدريجي الذي يمكن أن يضر بمجمل المخطوطة بعد ترميمها. * بوابة كتب (ar)
  • Fragmentology is the study of surviving fragments of manuscripts (mainly manuscripts from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance in the case of European manuscript cultures). A manuscript fragment may consist of whole or partial leaves, typically made of parchment, conjugate pairs or sometimes gatherings of a parchment book or codex, or parts of single-leaf documents such as notarial acts. They are commonly found in book bindings, especially printed books from the 15th to the 17th centuries, used in a variety of ways such as wrappers or covers for the book, as endpapers, or cut into pieces and used to reinforce the binding. In other non-Western manuscript cultures, fragments of paper manuscripts and other materials, takes place beside parchment, including board covers that many times reused written paper. In recent years, fragmentology has become an active part of scholarly medieval studies fueled by the abundance in institutional libraries of binding fragments that have never been studied or even catalogued. A number of symposia, websites and projects have been formed to pursue the study. In their field-defining editorial, William Duba and Christoph Flüeler note that fragmentology's "transdisciplinary nature requires the collaboration of specialists trained in a range of fields, not just paleography, codicology, and diplomatics, but also the history of the printed book, the history of libraries, musicology, art history, intellectual history, digital humanities -- in sum, most historical arts dealing with content on a page." (en)
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